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452:(c. AD 600–900), the approximate date of their division into separate peoples is unknown. The Kejache separation may have occurred due to either continued Itza migration to Petén during the Postclassic period (c. 900–1697) or because internal warfare caused them to divide. It is possible that the Kejache had occupied their territory since the Classic period and they may have been descendants of the inhabitants of the prominent
1275:
123:. The precise geopolitical extent of the Kejache is poorly understood, and no archaeological surveys of the Kejache territory have taken place. The Kejache territory consisted of a region of low hills with wide valleys that form swamplands during the rainy season, the region is also characterised by a number of small lakes, such as Lake Moku, Lake Silvituk and Chan Laguna.
495:
Tiac was even larger and was fortified with walls, watchtowers and earthworks; the town itself was divided into three individually fortified districts. Tiac was said to have been at war with the unnamed smaller town. The
Kejache claimed that their towns were fortified against the attacks of their aggressive Itza neighbours. In 1531
471:
region of what is now northern
Guatemala for a considerable time before being displaced by Itza expansion into the area north and northwest of the Itza kingdom. The Kejache province was frequently at war with the Itza and the two territories were separated by a deserted no-man's land. The Kejache are
494:
and reported that the
Kejache towns were situated in easily defensible locations and were often fortified. One of these was built on a rocky outcrop near a lake and a river that fed into it. The town was fortified with a wooden palisade and was surrounded by a moat. Cortés reported that the town of
131:
The
Kejache, as described by the Spanish, were poorer than neighbouring Maya peoples, using wood and thatch as building materials and lacking material resources. Kejache weapons consisted of short spears and bows and arrows; apparently they did not use shields, unlike their neighbours. The Kejache
529:
to Lake Petén Itzá. By the first decades of the 17th century, the
Kejache town of Tzuktok became the southern frontier of Spanish missionary efforts from Yucatán. By that time, Tzuktok had a mixed population of native Kejache and Yucatec refugees. The Spanish built a road through the Kejache
155:
By the mid-17th century the
Kejache were important intermediaries between the Itza and Yucatán. The Putun Acalan subgroup of the Kejache had previously traded directly with the Itza but had been relocated by the Spanish. The remaining Kejache, decimated by disease and subject to the intense
472:
believed to have lacked a centralised political structure, although their capital was said to be
Mazatlan (as referred to in Nahuatl by Aztec merchants). Ten Kejache towns are mentioned in Spanish colonial documents, including Tiac and Yaxuncabil, mentioned by
530:
territory from
Campeche on the west coast of the Yucatán Peninsula and the Spanish established missions at the Kejache towns of Ichbalche and Tzuktok. By the last decade of the 17th century, the Spanish also had a priest at Chuntuki, also on the new road (or
198:
interpreted the "land of the
Mazatecas" as the "town or lands of deer". The Kejache shared many surnames with the neighbouring Itzas and, despite the later hostility between the two peoples, it is likely that they had a common origin.
521:
and the independent Maya of central Petén, although the presence of
Spanish missionaries among them provoked hostility from the Itza, and simultaneously exposed them to the danger of epidemic diseases contracted from the Europeans.
516:
to the west. The northern part of the Kejache territory received a steady stream of Maya refugees fleeing the Spanish province of Yucatán. By the 17th century the Kejache were acting as middlemen between
826:(in Spanish). Mexico City, Mexico: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Universidad Autónoma de Campeche and the Foundation for the Advancement of Mesoamerican Studies, Inc (FAMSI). pp. 57–80.
508:
By 1600, the Kejache population is estimated to have been around 7000, distributed between 10–20 settlements. By this time, the Kejache were under pressure not just from the Itzá, but also from the
1263:
1054:
Rice, Prudence M.; Don S. Rice; Timothy W. Pugh; Rómulo Sánchez Polo (2009). "Defensive architecture and the context of warfare at Zacpetén". In Prudence M. Rice; Don S. Rice (eds.).
1566:
1671:
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Thompson, Sir Eric (1977). "A Proposal for Constituting a Maya Subgroup, Cultural and Linguistic, in the Petén and Adjacent Regions". In Grant D. Jones (ed.).
1249:
435:
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crossed the north of Kejache territory in search of an adequate base of operations for conquest. A portion of the northern Kejache territory was given in
60:
in a region that takes in parts of both Guatemala and Mexico. Linguistic evidence indicates that the Kejache shared a common origin with the neighbouring
1202:
95:, in an area measuring approximately 40 by 100 kilometres (25 by 62 mi) extending from lakes Silvituk and Moku in Mexico southwards towards
1223:
1067:
1036:
951:
868:
1241:
1165:"Mapa y Descripción de la Montaña del Petén e Ytzá. Interpretación de un documento de los años un poco después de la conquista de Tayasal"
795:(in Spanish). Mexico City, Mexico: Centro de Investogaciones y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social, Universidad de Quintana Roo.
1164:
1023:
Rice, Prudence M.; Don S. Rice (2009). "Introduction to the Kowoj and their Petén Neighbors". In Prudence M. Rice; Don S. Rice (eds.).
88:
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1096:
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920:
897:
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183:, which was a suffix that may have indicated the abundance of the animals. The Kejache territory was referred to as Mazatlan in the
1122:. Serie Antropológica (in Spanish). Vol. 38. Mexico City, Mexico: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. pp. 447–462.
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in 1525; they were later in prolonged contact with the Spanish as the latter opened a route southwards towards Lake Petén Itzá.
518:
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112:
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Jones, Grant D. (2000). "The Lowland Maya, from the Conquest to the Present". In Richard E.W. Adams; Murdo J. Macleod (eds.).
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Map of the northern lowlands of Guatemala at the time of Spanish contact, showing the location of the Kejache province
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in northern Guatemala at the time of Spanish contact in the 17th century. The Kejache territory was located in the
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attentions of Spanish missionaries, were no longer able to supply the Itza directly and became middlemen instead.
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269:
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Hofling, Charles Andrew (2009). "The Linguistic Context of the Kowoj". In Prudence M. Rice; Don S. Rice (eds.).
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820:"La Recreación del Antiguo Espacio Político. Un Cuchcabal Kejache y el Na'al Kejach Chan en el siglo XVII"
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After the fall of the Itza to the Spanish invaders in 1697, the surviving Kejache fled with Itza and
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Although the Kejache seem to have had a common origin with the Itza, possibly as far back as the
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The Kejache had a number of well-fortified towns built along the principal trade route from
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Rice, Prudence M. (2009). "Who were the Kowoj?". In Prudence M. Rice; Don S. Rice (eds.).
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The Cambridge History of the Native Peoples of the Americas, Vol. II: Mesoamerica, part 2
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to the north. The Kejache were bordered immediately to the north by the territory of the
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Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés passed through Kejache territory in 1525 en route to
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The Postclassic to Spanish-Era Transition in Mesoamerica: Archaeological Perspectives
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324:
304:
289:
259:
1210:. The Texas Pan American Series. Austin, Texas, US: University of Texas Press. 476.
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The Kowoj: identity, migration, and geopolitics in late postclassic Petén, Guatemala
1025:
The Kowoj: identity, migration, and geopolitics in late postclassic Petén, Guatemala
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The Kowoj: identity, migration, and geopolitics in late postclassic Petén, Guatemala
857:
The Kowoj: identity, migration, and geopolitics in late postclassic Petén, Guatemala
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1418:
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1304:
1091:. Ethnohistory. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA: University of Pennsylvania Press.
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was the name by which they identified themselves to others. The Kejache spoke the
64:
to their southeast and the Kejache may have occupied the general region since the
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with the Acalan Maya to their northwest, exchanging cotton clothing for salt.
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La conquista inconclusa de Yucatán: los mayas de las montañas, 1560–1680
83:
The Kejache occupied a region that is now crossed by the border between
1604:
184:
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188:
116:
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1609:
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1174:(in Spanish) (9). Berlin, Germany: Ibero-Amerikanisches Institut.
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133:
15:
977:. Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA: University of New Mexico Press.
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in Guatemala. The Kejache held a province that lay between the
824:
Nuevas Perspectivas Sobre la Geografía Política de los Mayas
971:
Sixteenth- and Seventeenth-Century Maya Political Geography
68:(c. AD 250–900). The Kejache were initially contacted by
892:. Stanford, California, USA: Stanford University Press.
600:
598:
596:
594:
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Forest Society: A Social History of Petén, Guatemala
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Rice and Rice 2009, p. 12. Villa Rojas 1985, p. 455.
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1493:
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1300:
1116:"Los Quejaches: Tribu Olvidada del Antiguo Yucatán"
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Villa Rojas 1985, p. 455. Chavez Gomez 2006, p. 62.
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545:, where they became the ancestors of the modern
973:". In Susan Kepecs; Rani T. Alexander (eds.).
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467:The Kejache are likely to have occupied the
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107:and what, after the initial stages of the
1672:Mayan chiefdoms of the Yucatán Peninsula
969:Rice, Prudence M.; Don S. Rice (2005). "
557:
365:
342:
218:
1677:Former indigenous peoples in Guatemala
1010:
1009:
998:
505:to Miguel Sánchez Cerdán in May 1543.
889:The Conquest of the Last Maya Kingdom
818:Chávez Gómez, José Manuel A. (2006).
789:Bracamonte & Sosa, Pedro (2001).
7:
512:to the southwest, and Christianised
1515:Descendants of Europeans (white or
1204:Anthropology and History in Yucatán
730:Bracamonte y Sosa 2001, pp. 73–74.
175:is derived from the Yucatec words
14:
1273:
403:
228:
1120:Estudios Etnológicos: Los Mayas
103:kingdom centred on the city of
757:Brocamonte y Sosa 2001, p. 75.
739:Brocamonte y Sosa 2001, p. 74.
1:
1114:Villa Rojas, Alfonso (1985).
1085:Schwartz, Norman B. (1990).
1060:University Press of Colorado
1029:University Press of Colorado
944:University Press of Colorado
861:University Press of Colorado
367:Spanish conquest of the Maya
604:Rice and Rice 2005, p. 152.
1708:
913:Cambridge University Press
631:Rice and Rice 2009, p. 12.
483:
1290:
1058:. Boulder, Colorado, US:
1027:. Boulder, Colorado, US:
942:. Boulder, Colorado, US:
859:. Boulder, Colorado, US:
766:Rice et al. 2009, p. 138.
721:Villa Rojas 1985, p. 450.
712:Rice et al. 2009, p. 127.
673:Chávez Gómez 2006, p. 60.
661:Schwartz 1990, pp. 34–35.
652:Villa Rojas 1985, p. 455.
588:Villa Rojas 1985, p. 447.
579:Chávez Gómez 2006, p. 58.
486:Spanish conquest of Petén
1301:Guatemalan native groups
1292:Ancestral background of
886:Jones, Grant D. (1998).
210:This article is part of
196:Bernal Díaz del Castillo
1682:Maya Postclassic Period
456:in the region, such as
1280:Ancestry and ethnicity
685:Jones 1998, p. 435n13.
460:and the cities of the
410:Mesoamerica portal
160:Language and etymology
21:
1662:Mesoamerican cultures
1560:Descendants of Asians
358:Classic Maya collapse
169:Yucatec Maya language
19:
1062:. pp. 123–140.
915:. pp. 346–391.
775:Hofling 2009, p. 78.
113:Spanish-held Yucatán
1687:Maya Contact Period
1294:Guatemalan citizens
567:Jones 2000, p. 353.
450:Late Classic period
179:meaning "deer" and
121:Chontal Maya people
32:) (sometimes spelt
1494:Guatemalan mestizo
1428:Former and extinct
946:. pp. 17–19.
863:. pp. 71–79.
694:Jones 1998, p. 31.
541:refugees into the
22:
1667:Maya civilization
1644:
1643:
1225:978-0-292-76678-5
1161:Houwald, Götz von
1069:978-0-87081-930-8
1038:978-0-87081-930-8
1031:. pp. 3–15.
1008:External link in
953:978-0-87081-930-8
911:. Cambridge, UK:
870:978-0-87081-930-8
748:Rice 2009, p. 19.
613:Rice 2009, p. 17.
534:– "royal road").
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454:Maya cities
138:black beans
132:cultivated
58:Petén Basin
54:Maya people
1651:Categories
1394:Sakapultek
1384:Qʼanjobʼal
1193:2012-12-03
1143:2013-01-29
847:2013-01-25
782:References
502:encomienda
30:/keˈχätʃe/
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1475:Tojolabal
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1440:Alaguilac
1409:Tzʼutujil
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1284:Guatemala
1180:0341-8642
1078:225875268
1047:225875268
1001:cite book
962:225875268
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386:Guatemala
285:Astronomy
270:Sacrifice
265:Mythology
250:Languages
85:Guatemala
79:Territory
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1631:Mexicans
1619:Americas
1600:Garifuna
1577:Lebanese
1480:Toquegua
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1404:Tektitek
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325:Medicine
305:Textiles
290:Calendar
260:Religion
212:a series
105:Nojpetén
97:Uaxactun
93:Campeche
87:and the
38:Quejache
1605:Mulatto
1546:Spanish
1541:Russian
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1359:Kʼicheʼ
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320:Dance
315:Music
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134:maize
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