170:
126:
29:
348:
155:
915:
746:
483:, is made of deerskin with the hair facing inside and the hide on the outside. The ball is stuffed with barley grains to give it shape. When the hide has set in this shape, the grains are removed from the ball, and it is then sewn together using the skin of a horse. The one who kicks the ball is called a
478:
in the air, with all players cooperating to do so. Players may use any body part with the exception of arms and hands: their head, feet, knees, back, and depending on the rules, elbows to keep the ball aloft. The ball, known as a
493:
is played on a flat ground, about 6–7 meters squared. The uniforms that the modern players wear are reminiscent of the clothes of the Heian period and include a crow hat. This type of clothing was called
400:
feared that the rapid modernization of Japan would lead to the loss of various traditional
Japanese cultures, and in 1903, an association was established to preserve
698:
679:
487:
A good mariashi makes it easy for the receiver to control the mari, and serves it with a soft touch to make it easy to keep the mari in the air.
1092:
716:
1334:
2029:
314:. This led to the establishment of a variety of new rules, equipment and techniques, and the completion of a structured art form called
2086:
2022:
784:
624:
588:
646:
169:
1713:
1662:
233:, became friends during a ball game described as "打鞠", but it may have been a hockey-like ball game using a cane instead of
2992:
1058:
1703:
1097:
1068:
542:
2443:
1073:
1063:
158:
1601:
1814:
1657:
1564:
1327:
1274:
1114:
987:
125:
2987:
2916:
2618:
1868:
1718:
1264:
894:
2544:
1301:
1102:
777:
614:
276:
578:
2977:
2866:
2841:
2788:
2534:
2423:
2188:
1684:
1608:
1419:
1369:
1359:
1224:
548:
341:
28:
2946:
2193:
1843:
1497:
1320:
1296:
1080:
953:
868:
720:
457:
226:
2982:
2846:
2783:
2401:
2069:
1880:
1858:
1537:
1532:
1286:
1269:
1053:
1045:
843:
797:
186:
2909:
2778:
2673:
2606:
2499:
1853:
1819:
1723:
1632:
1574:
1512:
1456:
923:
889:
833:
823:
750:
425:
311:
302:
It reached its peak between the end of the 12th century and around the 13th century in the early
268:
264:
246:
176:
2354:
421:
2899:
2215:
1759:
1738:
1674:
1642:
1627:
1618:
1584:
1209:
1162:
1124:
1085:
899:
882:
873:
848:
810:
770:
620:
584:
463:
2956:
2851:
2768:
2646:
2611:
2468:
2259:
1937:
1647:
1502:
1414:
1399:
1281:
1187:
1167:
1027:
1002:
838:
805:
417:
327:
20:
347:
2823:
2793:
2723:
2551:
2359:
2220:
1809:
1774:
1652:
1596:
1552:
1404:
1229:
828:
511:
303:
68:
344:, was regarded as one of the art forms that the samurai class was encouraged to master.
165:
expert
Fujiwara no Narimichi (1097–1162) and three monkeys, guardian deities of the game
2681:
2651:
2556:
2428:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2200:
2059:
1829:
1764:
1698:
1669:
1451:
1409:
1379:
1364:
1291:
1147:
1017:
1012:
992:
863:
818:
437:
409:
360:
106:
2971:
2581:
2254:
2210:
2183:
2166:
2134:
1994:
1932:
1637:
1542:
1522:
1446:
1157:
1109:
1022:
997:
958:
931:
904:
652:
441:
433:
429:
413:
397:
336:
230:
222:
88:
37:
656:
2941:
2833:
2753:
2743:
2566:
2539:
2463:
2369:
2364:
2161:
2141:
2129:
2054:
1895:
1838:
1754:
1527:
1507:
1236:
1219:
1214:
1197:
1172:
1142:
1032:
970:
762:
296:
260:
148:
136:
72:
64:
2586:
2519:
1958:
154:
2931:
2718:
2711:
2658:
2349:
2344:
2304:
2244:
2156:
2107:
2064:
1915:
1910:
1885:
1875:
1708:
1579:
963:
941:
914:
352:
263:(794–1185) in the 11th century, and in the 12th century, Fujiwara no Narimichi (
217:
117:), which was worn as everyday clothing by court nobles during the Heian period.
2951:
2861:
2856:
2805:
2773:
2763:
2728:
2706:
2596:
2485:
2480:
2458:
2453:
2433:
2334:
2299:
2284:
2249:
2151:
2117:
2039:
1968:
1920:
1900:
1890:
1848:
1804:
1799:
1394:
1343:
1241:
1182:
946:
757:
372:
144:
76:
552:
499:
114:
2936:
2921:
2889:
2758:
2691:
2628:
2623:
2514:
2448:
2339:
2329:
2264:
2239:
2146:
2124:
1963:
1905:
1863:
1784:
1589:
1426:
982:
858:
456:
ball) and is therefore respected by players of various ball games, mainly
377:
97:
745:
2894:
2696:
2663:
2601:
2591:
2561:
2524:
2509:
2473:
2438:
2413:
2381:
2376:
2309:
2269:
2178:
2173:
2049:
2004:
1794:
1483:
1473:
1468:
1436:
1177:
1137:
1129:
936:
878:
853:
793:
249:) written in the middle of the Heian period. According to the records, a
2904:
2884:
2818:
2813:
2686:
2638:
2576:
2571:
2529:
2408:
2289:
2076:
2014:
2009:
1925:
1749:
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1192:
1152:
975:
323:
292:
182:
92:
2926:
2748:
2733:
2633:
2418:
2205:
2098:
2081:
2044:
2034:
1999:
1769:
1728:
1693:
1517:
1007:
474:
It is a non-competitive sport. The object of Kemari is to keep one
2738:
2701:
2112:
1547:
1354:
1248:
389:
382:
346:
208:
198:
168:
153:
124:
84:
80:
60:
27:
2279:
2274:
2230:
1953:
1779:
1569:
475:
445:
364:
351:
Decorative kemari balls (Edo period), probably belonging to the
203:
130:
1316:
766:
1312:
699:"Japanese Visit, on the Surface: Jovial Bush, Friendly Crowds"
466:
played the game on one of his presidential visits to Japan.
275:. Fujiwara no Narimichi had made more than 50 visits to the
109:
in the Kansai region, and players play in a costume called
237:. The earliest reliable documentary evidence of the word
375:(1683–1868) it became popular again as a game played by
91:), and over time it spread from the aristocracy to the
259:
became popular as a game for the nobility in the late
241:(蹴鞠) is found in a record of an annual event called
2877:
2832:
2804:
2672:
2498:
2322:
2229:
2097:
1981:
1946:
1828:
1737:
1683:
1617:
1482:
1387:
1378:
1257:
1123:
1041:
922:
804:
334:, along with various other performing arts such as
291:(後ろ鞠, backward ball) in front of the shrine where
680:"On Japan Leg of Journey, Bush's Stakes Are High"
396:as an annual event on New Year's Day, January 4.
211:. It is often said that the earliest evidence of
444:(auxiliary shrine) of Shiramine Shrine, is the
440:. Seidaimyōjin (精大明神), enshrined as one of the
283:skills would improve, and he had performed the
43:
619:. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 26–27.
52:
1328:
778:
8:
613:Allen Guttmann, Lee Austin Thompson (2001).
537:
535:
533:
531:
529:
527:
310:games were often played during the reign of
758:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UO3vRH2z8jo
1987:
1490:
1384:
1335:
1321:
1313:
785:
771:
763:
404:by contributing an imperial grant. Today,
608:
606:
572:
570:
105:is played as a seasonal event mainly at
59:is an athletic game that was popular in
651:(in Japanese). Kotobank/Digitalio, Inc/
523:
502:) and it was fashionable at that time.
221:, but this theory is disputed. In 644,
197:was created under the influence of the
141:One Hundred Children in the Long Spring
19:For the neighborhood of Karachi, see
7:
408:is performed as a seasonal event in
71:(1185–1333). It resembles a game of
2030:Indigenous North American stickball
388:In the past, aristocrats living in
295:was enshrined. This technique is a
83:, the capital, and the surrounding
16:Japanese ball game, non-competitive
14:
583:. CusiBoy Publishing. p. 5.
913:
744:
318:(蹴鞠道). In the Kamakura period,
215:is the record of 644 CE in the
253:games were played in May 701.
1:
697:Wines, Michael (1992-01-08).
678:Wines, Michael (1992-01-07).
147:(蘇漢臣, active AD 1130–1160s),
1704:International rules football
271:) gained fame as masters of
44:
3009:
616:Japanese sports: a history
340:(Japanese poetry) and the
229:, who later initiated the
79:. The game was popular in
18:
1990:
1565:Australian rules football
1493:
1350:
911:
322:became popular among the
175:Asukai Masanori Teaching
53:
647:
580:The Global Art of Soccer
577:Witzig, Richard (2006).
543:
299:performed on the heel.
719:. FIFA. Archived from
356:
267:) and Nanba Yorisuke (
190:
166:
151:
40:
2878:Other non-ball sports
2842:Synchronized swimming
2424:Mesoamerican ballgame
1609:Circle rules football
753:at Wikimedia Commons
717:"History of Football"
549:Kokugakuin University
371:declined, but in the
350:
342:Japanese tea ceremony
207:, which has the same
172:
157:
128:
31:
2993:Traditional football
2947:Synchronized skating
1498:Association football
1054:Juggling Conventions
895:Rubenstein's Revenge
723:on December 25, 2012
458:association football
227:Nakatomi no Kamatari
2847:Underwater football
1947:Other related codes
1739:Medieval/historical
1287:Rhythmic gymnastics
798:object manipulation
424:, Fujimori Shrine (
367:became popular and
277:Kumano Hongū Taisha
187:Tsukioka Yoshitoshi
2674:Net and wall games
1820:Uppies and downies
1724:Universal football
1575:Lightning football
703:The New York Times
684:The New York Times
659:on 5 December 2022
555:on 5 December 2022
357:
326:class, and in the
312:Minamoto no Yoriie
191:
177:Tokugawa Yoshimune
167:
152:
41:
2965:
2964:
2900:Combat (juggling)
2643:British baseball
2494:
2493:
2323:Other ball sports
2318:
2317:
2216:Underwater hockey
1977:
1976:
1760:Calcio fiorentino
1675:Canadian football
1628:American football
1310:
1309:
1163:Coin manipulation
749:Media related to
464:George H. W. Bush
385:(Kansai region).
306:(1185–1333), and
279:to pray that his
223:Prince Naka-no-Ōe
129:Children playing
101:class. Nowadays,
3000:
2852:Underwater rugby
2647:English baseball
2469:Valencian pilota
2260:Hobby horse polo
1988:
1815:Royal Shrovetide
1719:Swedish football
1491:
1385:
1360:Governing bodies
1337:
1330:
1323:
1314:
1188:Flair bartending
1168:Contact juggling
917:
787:
780:
773:
764:
748:
733:
732:
730:
728:
713:
707:
706:
694:
688:
687:
675:
669:
668:
666:
664:
655:. Archived from
643:
637:
636:
634:
633:
610:
601:
600:
598:
597:
574:
565:
564:
562:
560:
551:. Archived from
539:
418:Shimogamo Shrine
328:Muromachi period
287:feat known as a
58:
56:
55:
49:
21:Keamari District
3008:
3007:
3003:
3002:
3001:
2999:
2998:
2997:
2968:
2967:
2966:
2961:
2873:
2828:
2824:World Chase Tag
2800:
2724:Football tennis
2668:
2552:Danish longball
2501:
2490:
2360:Ballon au poing
2355:Balle à la main
2314:
2225:
2221:Unicycle hockey
2093:
1983:
1973:
1942:
1824:
1810:Pasuckuakohowog
1775:Cornish hurling
1740:
1733:
1679:
1613:
1597:Gaelic football
1486:
1478:
1374:
1346:
1341:
1311:
1306:
1253:
1127:
1119:
1086:Combat juggling
1043:
1037:
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631:
629:
627:
612:
611:
604:
595:
593:
591:
576:
575:
568:
558:
556:
547:(in Japanese).
545:
541:
540:
525:
520:
512:Mari (Noh play)
508:
472:
422:Shiramine Jingū
304:Kamakura period
243:Honchō gatsuryo
179:to Play Kemari.
159:Woodblock print
123:
69:Kamakura period
67:(794–1185) and
50:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3006:
3004:
2996:
2995:
2990:
2988:Sport in Japan
2985:
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2682:Ball badminton
2678:
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2652:Welsh baseball
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2557:Indoor cricket
2554:
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2517:
2512:
2506:
2504:
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2429:Pelota mixteca
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2203:
2201:Rossall hockey
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2170:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2149:
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2127:
2122:
2121:
2120:
2110:
2104:
2102:
2095:
2094:
2092:
2091:
2090:
2089:
2087:Shinty–Hurling
2079:
2074:
2073:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2026:
2025:
2023:Shinty–Hurling
2020:
2017:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1991:
1985:
1982:Stick-and-ball
1979:
1978:
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1961:
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1941:
1940:
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1701:
1699:Eton wall game
1696:
1690:
1688:
1681:
1680:
1678:
1677:
1672:
1670:Arena football
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1407:
1402:
1391:
1389:
1382:
1380:Invasion games
1376:
1375:
1373:
1372:
1367:
1365:National sport
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1348:
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1155:
1150:
1148:Baton twirling
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1120:
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1038:
1036:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1018:Plate spinning
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
993:Flagging dance
990:
985:
980:
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968:
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741:
740:External links
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522:
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519:
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507:
504:
471:
468:
410:Shinto shrines
361:Sengoku period
122:
119:
107:Shinto shrines
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3005:
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2582:Over-the-line
2580:
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2256:
2255:Elephant polo
2253:
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2243:
2241:
2238:
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2235:
2232:
2228:
2222:
2219:
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2214:
2212:
2211:Street hockey
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2186:
2185:
2184:Roller hockey
2182:
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2172:
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2018:
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1881:American flag
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1559:
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1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1543:roller soccer
1541:
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1536:
1534:
1531:
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1526:
1524:
1523:Indoor soccer
1521:
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1398:
1397:
1396:
1393:
1392:
1390:
1388:Basket sports
1386:
1383:
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1368:
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1302:World records
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
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1283:
1280:
1276:
1275:Ancient China
1273:
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1256:
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1199:
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1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1153:Chinese yo-yo
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1143:Alaskan yo-yo
1141:
1139:
1136:
1135:
1133:
1131:
1126:
1122:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1110:Renegade show
1108:
1104:
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1019:
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1014:
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1009:
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1004:
1001:
999:
998:Flag throwing
996:
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991:
989:
986:
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674:
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658:
654:
653:Asahi Shimbun
650:
642:
639:
628:
626:9780824824648
622:
618:
617:
609:
607:
603:
592:
590:9780977668809
586:
582:
581:
573:
571:
567:
554:
550:
546:
544:神社と深くつながる「蹴鞠」
538:
536:
534:
532:
530:
528:
524:
517:
513:
510:
509:
505:
503:
501:
497:
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486:
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477:
469:
467:
465:
461:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
434:Hirano Shrine
431:
430:Tanzan Shrine
427:
423:
419:
415:
414:Kansai region
411:
407:
403:
399:
398:Emperor Meiji
395:
392:used to play
391:
386:
384:
381:class in the
380:
379:
374:
370:
366:
363:(1467–1615),
362:
354:
349:
345:
343:
339:
338:
333:
330:(1336–1573),
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
300:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
231:Taika Reforms
228:
224:
220:
219:
214:
210:
206:
205:
200:
196:
193:The earliest
188:
184:
180:
178:
171:
164:
160:
156:
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
133:
127:
120:
118:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
99:
94:
90:
89:Kansai region
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
48:
47:
39:
38:Tanzan Shrine
35:
30:
26:
22:
2978:Heian period
2942:Roller derby
2834:Water sports
2754:Sepak takraw
2744:Newcomb ball
2500:Bat-and-ball
2370:Longue paume
2365:Jeu de paume
2142:Floor hockey
2130:Field hockey
1839:Rugby league
1789:
1528:minifootball
1508:beach soccer
1370:Sportspeople
1220:Pen spinning
1215:Keepie uppie
1204:
1198:Hoop rolling
1173:Devil sticks
1081:Competitions
1033:Trick roping
971:Cup-and-ball
743:
725:. Retrieved
721:the original
711:
702:
692:
683:
673:
661:. Retrieved
657:the original
641:
630:. Retrieved
615:
594:. Retrieved
579:
557:. Retrieved
553:the original
495:
490:
489:
484:
480:
473:
462:
453:
449:
405:
401:
393:
387:
376:
368:
358:
335:
331:
319:
315:
307:
301:
297:keepie uppie
288:
284:
280:
272:
261:Heian period
256:
255:
250:
242:
238:
234:
216:
212:
202:
194:
192:
174:
162:
149:Song dynasty
143:(長春百子圖), by
140:
139:China, from
137:Song dynasty
131:
110:
102:
96:
73:keepie uppie
45:
42:
33:
25:
2932:Makura-Nage
2789:pioneerball
2719:Footbag net
2659:Wiffle ball
2350:Gain-ground
2345:Flickerball
2305:Segway polo
2245:Cowboy polo
2108:Ball hockey
2065:intercrosse
1876:Rugby union
1709:Samoa rules
1585:Nine-a-side
1580:Metro footy
1344:Team sports
1158:Chinese top
988:Fingerboard
964:Indian club
942:Bouncy ball
864:Mills' Mess
470:Description
438:Kotohira-gū
412:around the
353:Satake clan
289:ushiro mari
218:Nihon Shoki
185:printed by
63:during the
2983:Ball games
2972:Categories
2952:Tug of war
2910:wheelchair
2867:inner tube
2857:Water polo
2806:Tag sports
2764:Volleyball
2729:Footvolley
2597:Schlagball
2486:Yukigassen
2481:Whirlyball
2459:Tchoukball
2454:Tamburello
2434:Prisonball
2402:wheelchair
2335:Cycle ball
2300:Polocrosse
2285:Arena polo
2250:Cycle polo
2167:ice sledge
2152:Ice hockey
2055:box/indoor
2040:Knattleikr
1969:Yubi lakpi
1938:Wheelchair
1869:wheelchair
1805:Marn grook
1800:Lelo burti
1663:wheelchair
1538:powerchair
1533:paralympic
1457:wheelchair
1420:wheelchair
1395:Basketball
1242:Rattleback
1183:Fire staff
947:Hacky sack
663:5 December
632:2010-07-08
596:2010-07-08
559:5 December
518:References
373:Edo period
161:depicting
145:Su Hanchen
95:class and
77:hacky sack
32:A game of
2937:Paintball
2922:Hornussen
2890:Bo-taoshi
2759:Throwball
2692:Bossaball
2629:Town ball
2624:Stoolball
2619:Stickball
2607:Fastpitch
2587:Pesäpallo
2520:Brännboll
2515:Baseball5
2449:Roll ball
2444:Quidditch
2340:Dodgeball
2330:Angleball
2294:Snow polo
2265:Horseball
2240:Auto polo
2147:Floorball
2125:Broomball
1964:Jegichagi
1959:Kī-o-rahi
1785:Harpastum
1714:Speedball
1633:eight-man
1590:Rec footy
1513:freestyle
1427:Cestoball
983:Fan dance
954:Cigar box
869:Multiplex
859:Jollyball
485:mariashi.
2957:Ultimate
2895:Buzkashi
2784:standing
2697:Fistball
2664:Wireball
2602:Softball
2592:Rounders
2562:Kickball
2545:Twenty20
2525:Corkball
2510:Baseball
2474:Llargues
2439:Pushball
2414:Kin-Ball
2382:Handball
2377:Goalball
2310:Yak polo
2270:Motoball
2179:Rinkball
2174:Ringette
2050:Lacrosse
2019:Super11s
2005:Gateball
1795:La soule
1741:football
1643:nine-man
1619:Gridiron
1558:teqball
1484:Football
1474:Slamball
1469:Ringball
1437:Korfball
1282:Jugglers
1178:Fire fan
1138:Astrojax
1130:twirling
937:Bean bag
879:Siteswap
874:Notation
854:Joggling
844:Fountain
806:Patterns
794:Juggling
727:29 April
506:See also
496:kariginu
416:such as
316:kemaridō
111:kariginu
2905:Curling
2885:Airsoft
2819:Kho kho
2814:Kabaddi
2779:sitting
2687:Biribol
2639:Vitilla
2612:16-inch
2572:Matball
2535:One Day
2530:Cricket
2409:Kaatsen
2290:Chovgan
2189:in-line
2077:Ritinis
2070:women's
2015:Camogie
2010:Hurling
1844:masters
1765:Camping
1750:Ba game
1648:six-man
1602:Ladies'
1503:amputee
1464:Rezball
1442:Netball
1432:Dueball
1270:History
1265:Culture
1193:Hooping
1125:Balance
976:Kendama
890:Passing
834:Columns
824:Cascade
448:of the
426:ja:藤森神社
359:In the
324:samurai
293:Susanoo
269:ja:難波頼輔
265:ja:藤原成通
247:ja:本朝月令
199:Chinese
183:Ukiyo-e
121:History
93:samurai
2927:Jereed
2774:indoor
2749:Peteca
2734:Jianzi
2634:Vigoro
2419:Lagori
2233:sports
2206:Shinny
2135:indoor
2101:sports
2099:Hockey
2082:Shinty
2045:Knotty
2035:Iomain
2000:Cammag
1984:sports
1896:sevens
1859:sevens
1790:Kemari
1770:Cnapan
1729:Volata
1694:Austus
1685:Hybrid
1653:sprint
1553:street
1518:futsal
1452:indoor
1230:tricks
1210:Meteor
1205:Kemari
1103:JISCON
1046:events
1042:Groups
1008:Jianzi
900:Shower
849:Havana
751:Kemari
623:
587:
491:Kemari
454:kemari
442:sessha
406:kemari
402:kemari
394:kemari
378:chōnin
369:kemari
332:kemari
320:kemari
308:kemari
285:kemari
281:kemari
273:kemari
257:Kemari
251:kemari
239:kemari
235:kemari
213:kemari
201:sport
195:kemari
163:Kemari
103:kemari
98:chōnin
46:Kemari
34:Kemari
2862:canoe
2769:beach
2739:Jokgu
2712:Rugby
2702:Fives
2567:Lapta
2502:games
2464:Ulama
2397:field
2392:Czech
2387:beach
2162:power
2113:Bandy
2060:field
1995:Bando
1933:Touch
1916:touch
1911:Tambo
1886:beach
1854:nines
1832:codes
1830:Rugby
1743:codes
1687:codes
1658:touch
1621:codes
1548:socca
1487:codes
1447:Fast5
1415:water
1400:beach
1355:Sport
1297:Terms
1292:Robot
1258:Other
1249:Yo-yo
1059:BACAF
1028:Torch
1013:Knife
924:Props
839:Flash
811:forms
500:ja:狩衣
390:Kyoto
383:Kinai
209:kanji
115:ja:狩衣
85:Kinki
81:Kyoto
65:Heian
61:Japan
2917:Guts
2794:snow
2707:Eton
2577:Oină
2540:Test
2280:Polo
2275:Pato
2231:Polo
2194:quad
2157:pond
2118:rink
1954:Cuju
1921:tens
1901:snow
1891:mini
1780:Cuju
1755:Caid
1638:flag
1570:AFLX
1405:deaf
1128:and
1044:and
1023:Ring
959:Club
932:Ball
905:Toss
883:list
829:Claw
809:and
796:and
729:2013
665:2022
621:ISBN
585:ISBN
561:2022
481:mari
476:ball
450:mari
446:kami
436:and
365:sumo
337:waka
225:and
204:cuju
132:cuju
1906:tag
1864:tag
1849:mod
1410:3x3
1237:Top
1225:Poi
1115:WJF
1098:JIS
1093:IJA
1074:IJC
1069:EJC
1064:BJC
1003:Hat
819:Box
428:),
135:in
75:or
36:at
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648:蹴鞠
605:^
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526:^
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432:,
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1926:X
1336:e
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667:.
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