595:"I just take these things out of my thoughts and out of my imagination, and I don't really give any weight to the idea of its being an image of something.... I am just concentrating on placing it down on paper in a way that is pleasing to my own eye, whether it has anything to do with subjective reality or not. And that is how I have always tried to make my images, and that is still how I do it, and I haven't really thought about it any other way than that. That is just my style, and is the way I started and the way I am today."
701:
605:
49:
317:]." According to Kenojuak, her father believed he could predict weather, predict good hunting seasons and even turn into a walrus; he also had the ability "to make fish swarm at the surface so it was easier to fish." Her father came into conflict with Christian converts, and some enemies assassinated him in a hunting camp in 1933, when she was only six.
302:. Her father, Ushuakjuk, an Inuit hunter and fur trader, and her mother, Silaqqi, named Kenojuak after Silaqqi's deceased father. According to this Inuit naming tradition, the love and respect that had been accorded to her during her lifetime would now pass on to their daughter. Kenojuak also had a brother and a sister.
569:
Okpik
Pitseolak, an artist from Cape Dorset who knew her personally, said Kenojuak Ashevak brought Inuit art to the world but was "very humble about her work." Pitseolak said that when she appeared on the radio to talk about her art, she didn't want to come across "as someone who brags" about it. But
359:
In 1966, Kenojuak and
Johnniebo moved to Cape Dorset. Many of their children and grandchildren succumbed to disease, as did her husband after 26 years of marriage. Three daughters of Kenojuak, Mary, Elisapee Qiqituk, and Aggeok, died in childhood, and four sons, Jamasie, her adopted son Ashevak, and
328:
When she was 19, her mother, Silaqqi, and stepfather, Takpaugni, arranged for her to marry
Johnniebo Ashevak (1923β1972), a local Inuit hunter. Kenojuak was reluctant, she said, even playfully throwing pebbles at him when he would approach her. In time, however, she came to love him for his kindness
363:
The year after
Johnniebo died in 1972, Kenojuak remarried, to Etyguyakjua Pee; he died in 1977. In 1978 she married Joanassie Igiu. She had 11 children by her first husband and adopted five more; seven of her children died in childhood. At the time of her death from lung cancer, she was living in a
529:
about
Kenojuak, then 35, and her family, as well as traditional Inuit life on Baffin Island. The film showed a stonecutter carving her design into a relief block in stone, cutting away all the non-printing surfaces; she would then apply ink to the carved stone, usually in two or more colours, and
233:
and one of Canada's preeminent artists and cultural icons. Part of a pioneering generation of Arctic creators, her career spanned more than five decades. She made graphic art, drawings and prints in stone cut, lithography and etching, beloved by the public, museums and collectors alike.
530:
carefully make 50 "shadow" prints for sale. With the money she earned from the film, Johnniebo was able to purchase his own canoe and become an independent hunter to help provide for the family, which now included a new daughter, Aggeo, and an adopted son, Ashevak.
237:
Ashevak surmounted her circumstances to become an artist. Her range of mediums was exceptionally broad and included stained glass. Her achievements were honoured. She was the first Inuit artist inducted into Canada's Walk of Fame (2001), was made an
Officer of the
356:, where she stayed for over three years, from early 1952 to the summer of 1955. She had just given birth when she was forcibly transferred; the baby was adopted by a neighbouring family. Several of Kenojuak's children died while she was confined in hospital.
512:
including the original pencil sketch from 1960. That sketch reveals much, said
Lalonde. 'It's a very simple drawing β pencil on pulp paper. But you can see even then how confident and sure her line was as she was making the curves of the fanning
807:
243:
459:
and his wife Alma. Houston introduced print-making to Cape Dorset artists in the 1950s, and he and his wife began marketing Inuit arts and crafts, including an exhibit of Inuit art in 1959. James
Houston wrote about this time in
508:. 'She had her own sense of design... She was already willing to let the pencil go, because she had the hand and the eye co-ordination to make the image she already had in her head.' The National Gallery owns several copies of
2110:
2199:
464:
She was hesitant at first, claiming that she could not draw and that drawing was a manβs business. Yet the next time that she visited the
Houstons, the sheets of paper that Alma had given her were filled with pencil
320:
After her father's murder, Kenojuak moved with her widowed mother
Silaqqi and family to the home of Silaqqi's mother, Koweesa, who taught her traditional crafts, including the repair of seal skins for trade with the
1005:
557:
Up until her death, Kenojuak contributed annually to the Cape Dorset Annual Print Release and continued to create new works. She was one of the last living artists from the West Baffin Eskimo Cooperative.
503:
was Ashevak's first print, part of a debut exhibition of Inuit graphics. The young woman from the remote Canadian North was an immediate success, said Christine Lalonde, an expert in Inuit art with the
1281:
533:
National Gallery of Canada art expert Christine Lalonde marvelled at her confident artistry: "When you see her, you realize she doesn't use an eraser. She just sits down and she starts to draw."
1465:
536:
Ashevak created several pieces of work to commemorate the creation of Nunavut, the third Canadian Territory, including a piece commissioned by the Department of Indian and Northern Affairs,
448:. In 2017, the $ 10 bill released in celebration of Canada's 150th birthday features Kenojuak's stone-cut and stencil printed work called "Owlβs Bouquet" in silver holographic foil.
2149:
455:, 1952 to 1955, she learned to make dolls from Harold Pfeiffer and to do beadwork. These crafts later attracted the attention of civil administrator and pioneer Inuit art promoter
1625:
2107:
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648:
with two fish and a few loaves of bread, which for Kenojuak thoroughly embodied the spirit of the Inuit community, where food is always shared. The window was dedicated by
1898:
1843:"Kenojuak Ashevak, untitled - Infinity of Nations: Art and History in the Collections of the National Museum of the American Indian - George Gustav Heye Center, New York"
1433:
860:. Her granddaughter narrates the Heritage Minute, as well as appearing in it with her family. It was premiered in Cape Dorset, Nunavut, where it was also filmed.
2139:
554:
Kenojuak became the first Inuit artist inducted into Canada's Walk of Fame in 2001, and travelled to Toronto with her daughter, Silaqi, to attend the ceremony.
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The work of Ashevak Kenojuak can be found in the collections of Canada's National Gallery, the Art Gallery of Ontario, and the Burnaby Art Gallery.
891:: Feeney had suggested using the term "Inuit" in place of "Eskimo," but in 1963 it had been rejected as an unfamiliar term to non-Inuit audiences)
2013:
1264:
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against a vibrantly blue background, is the first such window made by an Inuit artist; it was suggested by two Biblical stories in which Jesus
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and gentleness, a man who developed artistic talents in his own right and who sometimes collaborated with her on projects; the
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250:(2012). Her work, with its superb design qualities, was used for Canadian stamps, coins and banknotes. For instance, in 1970,
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544:, a large hand-coloured lithograph to commemorate the signing of the Final Agreement early in 1994; a large diptych titled
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856:. For the first time ever, the Heritage Minute is also narrated in a language other than French or English, in this case
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1033:. Foss, Brian, Paikowsky, Sandra, Whitelaw, Anne (eds.). Don Mills, Ont.: Oxford University Press. p. 193.
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Since her death, prices for Kenojuak's work have reached new records, including $ 59,000CAD paid for a copy of
789:
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1526:, 1963 documentary by filmmaker John Feeney, narrated in English (19 min. 50 sec.). Accessed 9 January 2013.
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In 1999, a famous piece of hers, the "Red Owl" was featured on the April issue of the 1999 Millennium
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In 2004, she created the first-ever Inuit-designed stained glass window for the John Bell Chapel at
311:(shaman), "had more knowledge than average mortals, and he would help all the Inuit people [
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In 1950 a public health nurse arrived in her Arctic village; Kenojuak, having tested positive in a
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were on the left of the design, the first time the language had appeared on circulation coinage.
485:(workshop) for aspiring Inuit artists, later known as Kinngait Studios. Fellow members included
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report of Kenojuak's death characterized her as a person of unfeigned humility and simplicity:
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1164:, Native American Rhymes, Rhodes Educational Publications, 2005. Accessed 8 January 2013.
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was produced from one of her designs on a sealskin bag, and by 1959 Kenojuak and other
365:
263:
1739:
to "Inuk artist Kenojuak Ashevak dies at 85", 8 January 2013. Accessed 8 January 2013.
1030:"Inuit Art in the Twentieth Century". The Visual Arts in Canada: the Twentieth Century
305:
Kenojuak remembered Ushuakjuk as "a kind and benevolent man." Her father, a respected
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on its Canadian home page on October 3, 2014, for Kenojuak Ashevak's 87th Birthday.
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1668:"'Great, famous, rare, iconic': Kenojuak Ashevak print nets record-breaking price"
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440:, and in 2004 she created the first Inuit-designed stained-glass window for the
432:β all sought after by museums and collectors. She designed several drawings for
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251:
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Kadlarjuk and Qiqituk. The latter two were adopted at birth by another family.
767:
In 1992, she was awarded an honorary doctorate from the University of Toronto.
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for the signing of the Inuit Land Claim Agreement in Principle in April 1990;
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1776:"Inuit Art Collection | St. Lawrence University Digital Collections"
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she was "thankful for the fact that she was given this gift." —
393:
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1308:"Kenojuak Ashevak (1927-2013), Inuit artist biography and portfolio"
894:
1992, archival and contemporary footage of Kenojuak was featured in
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screening, was sent against her will to Parc Savard Hospital, an
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In 2020, Cape Dorset Fine Arts organized the touring exhibition
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Her work is included in the collection of the Art Museum at the
641:
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in April 1999, when the Territory officially came into being.
313:
325:
and how to make waterproof clothes sewn with caribou sinew.
225:), (October 3, 1927 – January 8, 2013) was a Canadian
656:, on November 9, 2004, celebrating the 75th anniversary of
242:(1967) and promoted to Companion in 1982. She received the
1899:"List of Honorary Degree Recipients - Chronological Order"
2200:
Governor General's Award in Visual and Media Arts winners
1985:"Kenojuak Ashevak Heritage Minute brings her art to life"
496:
Her reception in southern Canada was rapidly favourable:
2090:
ten short videos featuring Kenojuak Ashevak speaking in
229:
artist. She is celebrated as a leading figure of modern
1426:"Kenojuak Ashevak RCA (1927 β 2013) : Her History"
774:
on a stamp for its Masterpieces of Canadian Art series.
298:
camp, Ikirasaqa or Ikirasaq, at the southern coast of
1657:", 8 January 2013, CBC News. Accessed 8 January 2013.
1252:, 2006, Scruffy Plume Press. Accessed 9 January 2013.
1282:"Remembering the visionary work of Kenojuak Ashevak"
824:
unveiled a commemorative $ 10 banknote in honour of
266:
unveiled a commemorative $ 10 banknote in honour of
1862:. Queen's Printer for Canada. Retrieved 24 May 2010
1463:
Kenojuak Ashevak, renowned Inuit artist, dies at 85
274:on the note. She received Honorary Doctorates from
183:
140:
130:
119:
109:
82:
58:
34:
1955:"Google Doodle - Kenojuak Ashevak's 87th Birthday"
808:Governor General's Award in Visual and Media Arts
760:In 1991, she received an honorary doctorate from
451:During Ashevak's stay at Parc Savard hospital in
244:Governor General's Award in Visual and Media Arts
728:on a stamp to commemorate the centennial of the
282:(1992) and many films were made about her life.
258:on a stamp to commemorate the centennial of the
746:on a seventeen-cent stamp as part of its Inuit
2100:about Kenojuak Ashevak's life (1 min. 32 sec.)
983:"Kenojuak Ashevak at the Inuit Art Foundation"
2150:Members of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts
2094:about her artworks (15 min. 10 sec. in total)
546:Siilavut, Nunavut (Our Environment, Our Land)
8:
1115:. Steinbrueck Native Gallery. Archived from
806:In 2008, she received the renowned $ 25,000
2072:at the Centre for Contemporary Canadian Art
2066:at the Centre for Contemporary Canadian Art
1338:Kenojuak: The Life Story of an Inuit Artist
1008:. Douglas & McIntyre, 2017. p. 186
949:
947:
885:Academy Award for Documentary Short Subject
813:In 2012, she was appointed a member of the
770:In 1993, Canada Post featured 1969 drawing
1622:"Burnaby Art Gallery Permanent Collection"
1250:FSL French Biographies of Famous Canadians
977:
975:
927:List of inductees of Canada's Walk of Fame
841:The search engine Google showed a special
591:Kenojuak described her work thus in 1980:
47:
31:
1395:"Canada's New $ 10 bill - Bank of Canada"
742:In 1980, Canada Post used her 1961 print
735:In 1974, she was elected a member of the
380:Kenojuak Ashevak became one of the first
2078:appear at a Canadian government website.
1856:Office of the Governor General of Canada
1815:"Kenojuak Ashevak | Owls Enveloped"
1233:
1231:
713:In 1967, she was made an Officer of the
1648:Inuk artist Kenojuak Ashevak dies at 85
1348:
1346:
943:
1754:collections.artmuseum.utoronto.ca:8080
1060:
1058:
717:and was promoted to Companion in 1982.
690:National Museum of the American Indian
538:Nunavut Qajanatuk (Our Beautiful Land)
1995:from the original on October 21, 2016
1711:from the original on October 22, 2017
1695:
1693:
1550:from the original on October 22, 2017
1534:
1532:
1497:from the original on October 14, 2017
1457:
1455:
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1436:from the original on October 22, 2017
1420:
1418:
1416:
1318:from the original on October 22, 2017
1142:
1140:
1138:
1136:
1134:
7:
2140:Inuit from the Northwest Territories
1965:from the original on October 3, 2014
1678:from the original on October 4, 2017
810:from the Canada Council of the Arts.
2190:20th-century Canadian women artists
1756:. Art Museum, University of Toronto
1628:from the original on March 17, 2018
1602:from the original on March 17, 2018
1576:from the original on March 17, 2018
1935:from the original on April 7, 2017
1401:from the original on April 7, 2017
1356:Mark Nuttall, ed., pp. 1070-1072,
25:
2235:Deaths from lung cancer in Canada
2210:20th-century Canadian printmakers
2175:Companions of the Order of Canada
2064:Kenojuak Ashevak's Artist Profile
1989:Canadian Broadcasting Corporation
1487:"Kenojuak Ashevak β Canadian Art"
1340:, Penumbra Press, 1999, pp. 218-9
1202:Meredith, America (Spring 2013).
1154:from the original on July 3, 2008
932:Indigenous Canadian personalities
915:Kenojuak Ashevak: Life and Legacy
869:In 1963, she was featured in the
517:In 1963 she was the subject of a
412:. She created many carvings from
42:αΏααααͺαα
αα―αα (Qinnuajuaq Aasivak)
2225:Canadian women graphic designers
1271:, 2013. Accessed 8 January 2013.
1239:Kenojuak Ashevak, Artiste inuite
755:Companion of the Order of Canada
388:to begin drawing. She worked in
333:holds two of Johnniebo's works,
290:Kenojuak Ashevak was born in an
2145:Members of the Order of Nunavut
1903:Office of the Governing Council
1377:(Toronto: Firefly Books, 1985)
1177:A to Z of American Indian Women
1174:Sonneborn, Liz (May 14, 2014).
1094:(Toronto: Firefly Books, 1985)
788:In 2001, she was inducted into
2082:Kenojuak Ashevak's Artist Page
2035:the actual film online at the
1262:Johnniebo Ashevak, 1923 - 1972
737:Royal Canadian Academy of Arts
479:West Baffin Eskimo Cooperative
1:
2230:Deaths from cancer in Nunavut
2037:National Film Board of Canada
1373:See generally Jean Blodgett,
1180:. Infobase. p. 112-114.
955:"Kenojuak Ashevak at The Met"
883:, which was nominated for an
871:National Film Board of Canada
753:In 1982, she has appointed a
646:feeds a large crowd of people
624:In 2004, Kenojuak designed a
519:National Film Board of Canada
1570:"National Gallery of Canada"
1212:. p. 77. Archived from
608:Window of John Bell Chapel (
1925:"Explore the New $ 10 Note"
1354:Encyclopedia of the Arctic.
1209:First American Art Magazine
2261:
2220:Canadian graphic designers
1888:. Accessed 8 January 2013.
1886:National Gallery of Canada
1476:. Accessed 8 January 2013.
959:Metropolitan Museum of Art
682:Metropolitan Museum of Art
678:National Gallery of Canada
506:National Gallery of Canada
331:National Gallery of Canada
270:featuring Ashevak's print
2076:Some of Kenojuak's prints
1705:www.canadaswalkoffame.com
1113:"Kenojuak Ashevak, Inuit"
469:In 1958 her first print,
46:
41:
2245:Canadian textile artists
2155:Canadian stamp designers
2108:Virtual Museum of Canada
1860:Order of Canada citation
1596:"Art Gallery of Ontario"
832:is featured on the note.
781:series. Her initials in
527:Eskimo Artist: Kenojuak,
521:documentary by producer
489:, Mayoreak Ashoona, and
400:, and occasionally used
176:(died 1978)
164:(died 1977)
152:(died 1972)
2106:video and essay in the
2026:Eskimo Artist: Kenojuak
2014:Eskimo Artist: Kenojuak
1874:The Enchanted Owl, 1960
1517:Eskimo Artist: Kenojuak
1312:Spirit Wrestler Gallery
1111:Leroux, Odette (1991).
876:Eskimo Artist: Kenojuak
848:On October 19, 2016, a
826:Canada's 150th birthday
674:St. Lawrence University
628:window for a chapel at
457:James Archibald Houston
335:Taleelayo with Sea Bird
268:Canada's 150th birthday
1070:www.dorsetfinearts.com
985:. Inuit Art Foundation
724:placed her 1960 print
709:
688:and the Smithsonian's
621:
597:
471:Rabbit Eating Seaweed,
467:
254:placed her 1960 print
126:carver, graphic artist
69:Ikirasaqa / Ikirasaq,
2160:Women stamp designers
2084:at Feheley Fine Arts.
1515:National Film Board,
1027:Hessel, Ingo (2010).
1006:"Sculpture in Canada"
790:Canada's Walk of Fame
730:Northwest Territories
706:Canada's Walk of Fame
703:
670:University of Toronto
607:
593:
581:Rabbit Eating Seaweed
501:Rabbit Eating Seaweed
477:Inuit had formed the
462:
286:Early life and family
280:University of Toronto
260:Northwest Territories
75:Northwest Territories
2185:Artists from Nunavut
2180:People from Kinngait
1991:. October 20, 2016.
1119:on February 16, 2013
900:, Canada's film for
654:Bishop of the Arctic
636:. The window, of an
620:; designed in 2004).
323:Hudson's Bay Company
2070:Image timeline view
1961:. October 3, 2014.
1929:www.bankofcanada.ca
1905:. December 14, 2022
1472:", 8 January 2013,
1430:Vincent Art Gallery
491:Napatchie Pootagook
2215:Inuit from Nunavut
2170:Inuit illustrators
2113:2020-11-07 at the
2031:2011-06-16 at the
1879:2013-10-18 at the
1871:Kenojuak Ashevak,
1790:"Kenojuak Ashevak"
1735:2013-01-09 at the
1701:"Kenojuak Ashevak"
1653:2013-01-09 at the
1540:"Kenojuak Ashevak"
1522:2013-01-18 at the
1468:2013-01-30 at the
1288:. January 11, 2013
1286:The Globe and Mail
1267:2013-10-23 at the
1244:2014-04-13 at the
1204:"Kenojuak Ashevak"
1072:. Dorset Fine Arts
837:In popular culture
828:; Ashevak's print
762:Queen's University
710:
704:Ashevak's star on
650:Andrew Atagotaaluk
622:
510:The Enchanted Owl,
276:Queen's University
223:Qinnuajuaq Aasivak
2195:Women printmakers
2165:Inuit printmakers
2104:The Enchanted Owl
1829:"Brooklyn Museum"
1432:. June 26, 2014.
1362:978-0-203-99785-7
1040:978-0-19-542125-5
801:Oakville, Ontario
744:Return of the Sun
634:Oakville, Ontario
446:Oakville, Ontario
416:and thousands of
262:and in 2017, the
193:
192:
146:Johnniebo Ashevak
16:(Redirected from
2252:
2098:Brief Audioguide
2051:
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1544:DORSET FINE ARTS
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1477:
1474:The Toronto Star
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1336:Walker, Ansgar.
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1216:on April 9, 2022
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1004:Tippett, Maria.
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951:
854:Historica Canada
852:was released by
815:Order of Nunavut
658:John Bell Chapel
487:Pitaloosie Saila
442:John Bell Chapel
426:stone cut prints
394:coloured pencils
372:(now Kinngait).
248:Order of Nunavut
212:
196:Kenojuak Ashevak
177:
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797:Appleby College
715:Order of Canada
698:
686:Brooklyn Museum
666:
630:Appleby College
610:Appleby College
602:
589:
434:Canadian stamps
378:
350:Indian hospital
288:
278:(1991) and the
246:(2008) and the
240:Order of Canada
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188:Order of Canada
179:
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158:Etyguyakjua Pee
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86:January 8, 2013
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66:October 3, 1927
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53:Ashevak in 1960
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2058:External links
2056:
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2050:about the film
2040:
2018:
2016:about the film
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1352:Valerie Alia,
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1066:"Exhibitions"
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1491:Canadian Art
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219:αΏααααͺαα
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88:(2013-01-08)
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27:Inuit artist
2135:2013 deaths
2130:1927 births
1999:October 22,
1715:October 21,
1682:October 21,
1554:October 21,
1501:October 21,
1440:October 21,
1322:October 21,
1292:October 21,
1220:October 21,
881:John Feeney
722:Canada Post
664:Collections
638:Arctic char
523:John Feeney
475:Cape Dorset
453:Quebec City
386:Cape Dorset
370:Cape Dorset
354:Quebec City
337:(1965) and
252:Canada Post
110:Nationality
94:Cape Dorset
2124:Categories
1969:October 3,
1794:gallery.ca
1405:January 6,
1158:January 9,
1148:"Kenojuak"
1123:January 9,
938:References
887:in 1964. (
513:feathers.'
366:wood-frame
2092:Inuktitut
1799:April 24,
1760:April 22,
1632:March 16,
1606:March 16,
1580:March 16,
1237:Cash, P.
1049:432401392
1012:April 22,
858:Inuktitut
783:Inuktitut
720:In 1970,
465:sketches.
414:soapstone
384:women in
368:house in
231:Inuit art
215:Inuktitut
135:Inuit art
124:soapstone
2111:Archived
2048:Momentum
2029:Archived
1993:Archived
1963:Archived
1939:April 7,
1933:Archived
1909:June 14,
1877:Archived
1733:Archived
1709:Archived
1676:Archived
1672:CBC News
1651:Archived
1626:Archived
1600:Archived
1574:Archived
1548:Archived
1520:Archived
1495:Archived
1466:Archived
1434:Archived
1399:Archived
1375:Kenojuak
1316:Archived
1265:Archived
1242:Archived
1152:Archived
1092:Kenojuak
1076:April 5,
921:See also
902:Expo '92
897:Momentum
614:Oakville
573:CBC News
483:senlavik
422:etchings
418:drawings
410:acrylics
390:graphite
341:(1960).
308:angakkuq
131:Movement
104:, Canada
77:, Canada
18:Kenojuak
1730:Comment
779:quarter
772:The Owl
750:series.
696:Honours
618:Toronto
542:Nunavut
178:
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102:Nunavut
1959:Google
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909:Legacy
843:doodle
684:, the
680:, the
676:, the
430:prints
376:Career
294:in an
184:Awards
141:Spouse
864:Films
616:near
587:Style
481:as a
460:1999:
438:coins
382:Inuit
296:Inuit
292:igloo
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1634:2018
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1582:2018
1556:2017
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1442:2017
1407:2017
1379:ISBN
1358:ISBN
1324:2017
1294:2017
1222:2017
1182:ISBN
1160:2013
1125:2013
1096:ISBN
1078:2024
1045:OCLC
1035:ISBN
1014:2021
991:2024
966:2024
436:and
428:and
396:and
227:Inuk
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
