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1390:
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cavalry. One of his achievements was the disarming of the local population. He also established a
Military Hospital with a Jewish doctor; enforced the regulation of coinage and weights and measures; introduced a weekly postal service to Jerusalem, Damascus and Ma'an; and set up agricultural projects
891:(1916–1918), the Turkish Army abandoned al-Karak after Sherif Abdullah ibn Hamza led a 70 horsemen attack on Mezraa. This Ottoman naval base was rendered useless, after the destruction of the flotilla used to transport grain across the Dead Sea, on 28 January 1918.
677:(the Crow's Fortress), and is surrounded on every side by ravines. There is only one gateway, and that enters by a passage tunnelled in the live rock, which tunnel forms a sort of hall. We stayed four days outside Karak, at a place called
774:
tribe. The
Ghassanid tribe is believed to be the first to inhabit the site of modern al-Karak. The tribe consists of the families: Suheimat, Halasa{Halaseh}, Dmour, Mbaydeen, Adaileh, Soub, and Mdanat and Karakiyeen.
436:. After the conquest of Damascus, for some number of years later the Shamaili kingdom seized power, but it is unsure for how long. Little has been recorded about their ruling period. In 1958 the remains of an
999:). Most rain falls in the winter. The average annual temperature in Al-Karak is 16.5 °C (61.7 °F). About 359 mm (14.13 in) of precipitation falls annually.
1358:
Al-Karak's metropolitan population was estimated to be 68,800 in 2013, making up 31.5% of the total population of the Karak
Governorate. Most of the population of the city is
600:(1179–1229) noted that "Al Karak is a very strongly fortified castle on the borders of Syria, towards Balka province, and in the mountains. It stands on a rock surrounded by
624:(1273−1331) noted that Al Karak "is a celebrated town with a very high fortress, one of the most unassailable of the fortresses of Syria. About a day's march from it is
2494:
2499:
1389:
980:
by gunmen on 18 December 2016 in which at least 19 people were killed; 13 Jordanian civilians and security forces, a
Canadian tourist, and all 5 attackers.
349:. It is situated on a hilltop about 1,000 metres (3,300 ft) above sea level and is surrounded on three sides by a valley. Al-Karak has a view of the
1362:(75%) and there is also a significant Orthodox Christian population (25%). In general, the percentage of Christians in al-Karak is among the highest in
1712:. Records the Mujely being "unreasonable in there treatment" of visitors in 1817 (Irby and Mangles), 1851 (De Saulcy), 1872 (Canon Tristram) and 1893 (
1557:
820:), aged 40, formerly the General Secretary at Damascus. He ruled with a garrison of 1,200 troops, in 3 regiments, mostly conscripts from West of the
2484:
753:. They paid a fixed tax-rate of 25% on agricultural products, including wheat, barley, olive trees/vineyards/fruit trees, a special product (
1437:
880:
attempted to apply the same measures of conscription, taxation, and disarmament to the inhabitants of Al-Karak that previously provoked the
1475:
844:
whose Church, St George, had been built in 1849. The Latin
Mission was established in 1874 and in 1886 Al Majali gave permission to the
2223:
782:
sent an expedition west of the Dead Sea. His troops occupied the castle at al-Karak but they were starved out with much loss of life.
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2286:
2209:
2188:
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2123:
1991:
1925:
1870:
1843:
1971:
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124:
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993:
989:
966:
In 1961, the population of Karak town was 7,422 persons, of whom 1,622 were
Orthodox Christian while the remaining were Muslim.
1515:"Jordan: Governorates, Major Cities & Urban Localities - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information"
836:
One estimate of the population of the town and the surrounding area at this time gives a total of 10,000. Of these, 8000 were
1959:
1816:
1413:
757:), goats and bee-hives; in addition to occasional revenues, for a water mill, and a market toll. Their total tax was 15,000
95:
2204:. Erlanger Geographische Arbeiten, Sonderband 5. Erlangen, Germany: Vorstand der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft.
488:
Al-Karak contains some of the oldest
Christian communities in the world, dating as early as the 1st century AD. Under the
785:
Mohammed Al-Majali who had control of Al-Karak in 1868, was involved in the events that led to the destruction of the
353:. A city of about 32,216 people (2005) has been built up around the castle and it has buildings from the 19th-century
2364:
346:
2383:
2315:
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541:
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to work in the town. The town's
Orthodox school had 120 boys and 60 girls. The same source notes that the town's
845:
935:. After a brief consultation with his superiors Kirkbride's government welcomed the arrival of the Emir. At the
673:
visited and wrote: "Al Karak is one of the strongest and most celebrated fortresses of Syria. It is called also
196:
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1474:, Royal Jordanian Air Force pilot captured, held hostage, and burned alive in Syria in January 2015 by the
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608:(1256–1327) noted that Karak: "is an impregnable fortress, standing high on the summit of a mountain. Its
184:
31:
2099:
First Census of
Population and Housing. Volume I: Final Tables; General Characteristics of the Population
544:
held in
Jerusalem in 536. Another bishop, by the name of John, is said to have lived in the 9th century.
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1753:
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217:
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977:
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873:
860:, and that there was a newly built mosque. Merchants from Damascus came to the town twice each year.
629:
577:. Pagan made his headquarters at al-Karak, where he built a castle on a hill called by the Crusaders
437:
284:
588:'s armies several times, but finally surrendered in 1188, after the crushing Crusader defeat at the
65:
2097:
1594:
946:
In the 1920s, Al-Karak had a population of 8,000 and had the third largest urban population (after
900:
537:
429:
401:
274:
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The castle played an important role as a place of exile and a power base several times during the
2432:
2157:
2034:
1686:
1543:
449:
688:. Its significance lay in its control over the caravan route between Damascus and Egypt and the
2347:
A history of the Crusades. Volume II. The Kingdom of Jerusalem and the Frankish East. 1100-1187
357:
period. The town is built on a triangular plateau, with the castle at its narrow southern tip.
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2149:
1860:
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was given a mandate to govern the area. The newly appointed High Commissioner in Jerusalem,
877:
809:
589:
571:
489:
453:
2256:
Palestine Under the Moslems: A Description of Syria and the Holy Land from A.D. 650 to 1500
1918:
Lawrence of Arabia's War: The Arabs, the British and the Remaking of the Middle East in WWI
1425:
884:. The uprising ended with an indiscriminate massacre perpetrated by the governor's troops.
2342:
2201:
Historical Geography of Palestine, Transjordan and Southern Syria in the Late 16th Century
2114:
Politics & Change in Al-Karak, Jordan, A Study of a Small Arab Town & Its District
911:, sent several officials east of the River Jordan to create a local administration. Major
597:
559:
311:
2401:
The land of Moab; travels and discoveries on the east side of the Dead sea and the Jordan
2254:
915:
was based in Al-Karak with a small detachment of policemen. He established what he named
2417:
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2227:
2004:
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912:
908:
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793:
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330:. The castle is one of the three largest castles in the region, the other two being in
581:- The Stone of the Desert. His castle, much modified, dominates the town to this day.
2489:
2478:
2305:
2274:
The Churches of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: A-K (excluding Acre and Jerusalem)
2268:
2137:
2112:
2076:
2038:
1895:
1558:"Four refugee families living in Jordan share their stories with Mid-East delegation"
1530:
1266:
904:
723:
621:
2370:
Narrative of a journey round the Dead Sea, and in the Bible lands, in 1850 and 1851
2311:
Secular buildings in the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: an archaeological Gazetteer
2229:
Travels in Egypt and Nubia, Syria, and Asia Minor; during the years 1817 & 1818
1533:
1514:
1487:
951:
869:
821:
633:
613:
529:
474:
413:
327:
71:
609:
2309:
2272:
2199:
1833:
1806:
1395:
Karak is known for its crusader castle, one of the largest castles in the region
888:
825:
786:
670:
666:, author of the earliest medieval Arabic treatise intended solely for surgeons.
652:
645:
596:, was governor of the district until becoming ruler of Egypt and Syria in 1199.
397:
371:
1453:
612:
are the valleys around it, which are very deep. They say it was originally, in
750:
584:
The castle was in Crusader hands for only 46 years. It had been threatened by
2460:
2447:
704:
was exiled to al-Karak, where he gathered his supporters before returning to
139:
126:
2421:
970:
816:. One of the first governors, 1895, was Hussein Helmy Bey Effendi (see also
659:
632:
and his companions. Below Al Karak is a valley, in which is a thermal bath (
620:, and was turned into a fortress. It is now a treasure house of the Turks."
567:
528:, housing the much venerated Church of Nazareth, and remained predominantly
525:
470:
269:
1704:
and the Al Mdanat tribe the first Christian Tribe in the region, 1896, pp.
625:
440:
was found in Wadi al-Karak that has been dated to the late 9th century BC.
924:
853:
813:
797:
433:
421:
377:
350:
2181:
The Age of the Crusades. The Near East from the Eleventh century to 1517
1832:
Heydemann, Steven; Joint Committee on the Near and Middle East (2000).
1795:. Who also notes that in 1896 there were three Jews living in the town.
1444:
837:
805:
758:
697:
663:
637:
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30:
This article is about city in Jordan. For other meanings of Karak, see
1492:
1375:
1363:
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830:
765:
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737:
731:
726:
701:
592:
and a siege that lasted more than a year. Saladin's younger brother,
425:
323:
177:
17:
461:
700:
used it as a stepping stone on his ascent to power. In 1389 Sultan
1374:
Al-Karak is famous for its traditional Jordanian lamb dish called
1359:
947:
932:
857:
849:
742:
705:
693:
385:
342:
331:
212:
939:, March 1921, Abdullah was recognised by the British as ruler of
824:
doing their three years of military service. There were also 200
2232:. London: Printed for Private Distribution by T. White & Co.
689:
641:
601:
566:, the lands east of the River Jordan and the Dead Sea. In 1132,
533:
381:
82:
973:
in the town after the government increased the price of bread.
2039:"Narrative of an Expedition to Moab and Gilead in March, 1895"
1617:
Runciman, 1951, p. 468. "after the last horse had been eaten."
1901:. Garden City: Doubleday, Doran & Company, Inc. pp.
515:
501:
452:, Al-Karak became an important town taking its name from the
2005:"Jordan attack: Canadian among seven dead in Karak shooting"
1970:
Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics, 1964, pp.
1341:
341:
Al-Karak lies 140 kilometres (87 mi) to the south of
2427:
1958:
Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics, 1964, p.
432:(r. 745–727 BC) sent the prisoners after the conquest of
477:
conquered it from them in AD105. The city was known in
424:
went before they settled in the regions in the northern
2438:
Photos of Al-Karak from the American Center of Research
2096:
Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics (1964).
1835:
War, Institutions, and Social Change in the Middle East
2388:
Cross Roads to Israel: Palestine from Balfour to Bevin
2138:"A journey east of the Jordan and the Dead Sea, 1895"
1949:
Encyclopædia Britannica (1929), Volume 22. Page 414.
1581:
Oriens christianus in quatuor Patriarchatus digestus
2198:Hütteroth, Wolf-Dieter; Abdulfattah, Kamal (1977).
1509:
1507:
636:), and many gardens with excellent fruits, such as
295:
281:
268:
257:
249:
244:
236:
228:
223:
210:
205:
195:
183:
163:
155:
42:
2111:
1894:
400:, and is identified as having been subject to the
1920:. New Haven: Yale University Press. p. 377.
2142:Quarterly Statement - Palestine Exploration Fund
2081:Quarterly Statement - Palestine Exploration Fund
2043:Quarterly Statement - Palestine Exploration Fund
919:with himself as president. In January 1921 Emir
745:. It had 78 households and 2 bachelors who were
469:The area eventually fell under the power of the
2373:. Vol. 1, new edition. London: R. Bentley.
376:Al-Karak has been inhabited since at least the
749:, and 103 households and 8 bachelors who were
696:. In the thirteenth century, the Mamluk ruler
1763:
1761:
1636:
1634:
1632:
829:such as the planting of 5,000 grape vines at
8:
542:council of the three provinces of Palaestina
47:
2428:Al Karak.net, A website dedicated to Karak
1002:
927:and announced his intention to attack the
604:, except on the side towards the suburb."
420:), it is mentioned as the place where the
39:
2390:. New English Library Edition (pb) 1967.
540:. Its bishop Demetrius took part in the
1677:Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 171
1596:Series episcoporum Ecclesiae Catholicae
1503:
1385:
895:British Mandate, Emirate of Transjordan
294:
267:
243:
235:
222:
204:
162:
154:
88:
77:
62:
976:The town and castle were the scene of
334:. Al-Karak is the capital city of the
2495:Populated places in Karak Governorate
1584:, Paris 1740, Vol. III, coll. 729-734
1447:and mosque behind in the city center
280:
256:
248:
227:
209:
194:
182:
119:
7:
2500:Populated places along the Silk Road
1476:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant
735:(subdistrict) of Karak, part of the
548:Crusader, Ayyubid and Mamluk periods
462:
380:, and was an important city for the
575:Lord of Montreal and Oultrejourdain
326:known for its medieval castle, the
318:), in English sources often simply
315:
48:
1838:. University of California Press.
1808:State, Society, and Land in Jordan
872:erupted on 4 December 1910 as the
770:tribe, the Tarawneh tribe and the
444:Hellenistic to Early Muslim period
25:
722:In 1596 Al-Karak appeared in the
232:765 km (295 sq mi)
37:City in Karak Governorate, Jordan
27:City in Karak Governorate, Jordan
2416:
2404:. New York: Harper and brothers.
1452:
1436:
1424:
1412:
1400:
1388:
990:hot-summer Mediterranean climate
852:had been educated in Hebron and
796:established the sub-province of
170:
102:
101:
94:
64:
1419:An al-Karak city police vehicle
917:The National Government of Moab
651:Al-Karak was the birthplace of
2485:Archaeological sites in Jordan
2349:. Cambridge University Press.
1805:Fischbach, Michael R. (2000).
1:
994:Köppen climate classification
764:Al-Karak is dominated by the
2433:Al-Karak and Crusader castle
2424:travel guide from Wikivoyage
1862:The Modern History of Jordan
923:began assembling an army in
864:Karak revolt and Arab Revolt
800:, with a resident governor (
1940:Sykes, 1965/1967, pp. 52,53
1599:, Leipzig 1931, p. 454
1195:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
1055:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
969:In August 1996, there were
366:Iron Age to Assyrian period
2516:
2316:Cambridge University Press
2279:Cambridge University Press
2261:Palestine Exploration Fund
1338:
1006:Climate data for Al-Karak
1005:
792:In 1893 the Sublime Porte
715:
551:
516:
502:
369:
240:930 m (3,051 ft)
197:Greater Karak Municipality
29:
2064:Travels in Arabia Deserta
1865:. IB.Tauris. p. 40.
1859:Salibi, Kamal S. (1998).
1264:
1194:
1124:
1054:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1040:
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1031:
1028:
1025:
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1019:
1016:
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1010:
804:) in Al-Karak, under the
628:, where are the tombs of
558:Al-Karak fell within the
120:
89:
78:
63:
56:
718:Siege of Al-Karak (1834)
554:Siege of Al-Karak (1183)
1982:Mannheim, Ivan (2000)
1916:Faulkner, Neil (2016).
1897:Seven Pillars of Wisdom
1893:Lawrence, T.E. (1935).
1716:and his wife Caroline).
1668:Holt, 1986, pp. 86, 128
1562:United Church of Christ
536:rule following the 629
512:Charach of the Moabites
2110:Gubser, Peter (1973).
2067:. London: P.L. Warner.
1652:Le Strange, 1890, pp.
1608:Runciman, 1951, p. 230
1593:Pius Bonifacius Gams,
941:Emirate of Transjordan
882:Hauran Druze Rebellion
780:Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt
32:Karak (disambiguation)
1986:Footprint Handbooks.
1714:John Edward Gray Hill
1640:Le Strange, 1890, p.
1568:on 24 September 2016.
954:with 20,000 each) in
692:between Damascus and
283: • Summer (
140:31.18333°N 35.70000°E
2162:History of the Arabs
1407:A street in al-Karak
524:) was the seat of a
2457: /
2259:. Committee of the
2179:Holt, P.M. (1986).
1626:Hitti, 1970, p. 652
1125:Daily mean °C (°F)
901:San Remo conference
842:Orthodox Christians
818:Hüseyin Hilmi Pasha
430:Tiglath-Pileser III
402:Neo-Assyrian Empire
136: /
2011:. 18 December 2016
1767:Dowling, 1896, p.
1556:Moujaes, Anthony.
729:, situated in the
570:of Jerusalem made
450:Hellenistic Period
229: • Metro
156:Grid position
145:31.18333; 35.70000
2461:31.183°N 35.700°E
1472:Muath al-Kasasbeh
1350:
1349:
962:Kingdom of Jordan
630:Ja'afar at Tayyar
336:Karak Governorate
305:
304:
250: • City
190:Karak Governorate
16:(Redirected from
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1984:Jordan Handbook.
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1564:. Archived from
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1003:
937:Cairo conference
921:Abdullah Hussein
690:pilgrimage route
686:Mamluk sultanate
655:(1233–1286), an
590:Battle of Hattin
572:Pagan the Butler
538:Battle of Mu'tah
519:
518:
505:
504:
490:Byzantine Empire
465:
464:
448:During the late
317:
288:
218:Mohammed Maaitah
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2365:Saulcy, L.F. de
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2277:. Vol. I.
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2212:
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2095:
2077:"Kerak in 1896"
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2057:
2033:
2029:
2024:
2014:
2012:
2003:
2002:
1998:
1981:
1977:
1969:
1965:
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1791:Hill, 1896, p.
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1550:
1546:, 1970, p. 641.
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988:Al-Karak has a
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840:and 2,000 were
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787:Moabite Stone
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121:Coordinates:
97:
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41:
33:
19:
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2343:Runciman, S.
2325:0521-46010-7
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2161:
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2141:
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2027:Bibliography
2013:. Retrieved
2008:
1999:
1983:
1978:
1966:
1954:
1945:
1936:
1917:
1911:
1896:
1888:
1876:. Retrieved
1861:
1854:
1834:
1827:
1807:
1800:
1787:
1779:Hill, 1896,
1775:
1748:
1736:
1721:
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1673:
1664:
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1613:
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1574:
1566:the original
1561:
1551:
1539:
1523:
1488:Jordan River
1443:A statue of
1373:
1357:
1354:Demographics
1342:climate-data
1269:mm (inches)
996:
987:
975:
968:
965:
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886:
870:Karak revolt
867:
835:
822:River Jordan
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475:Roman Empire
468:
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414:Book of Amos
410:2 Kings 16:9
394:Kir-hareseth
393:
389:
375:
340:
328:Kerak Castle
319:
307:
306:
72:Kerak Castle
2464: /
2306:Pringle, D.
2269:Pringle, D.
2224:Mangles, J.
2183:. Longman.
2158:Hitti, P.K.
2035:Bliss, F.J.
2015:18 December
1994:. Page 227.
1728:, 1921, p.
1689:, 1895, p.
1528:(in Arabic)
956:Transjordan
889:Arab Revolt
887:During the
755:bayt al–mal
671:Ibn Battuta
653:Ibn al-Quff
606:Al-Dimashqi
522:Kharakhmōba
438:inscription
398:Kir of Moab
372:Kir of Moab
185:Governorate
143: /
2479:Categories
2220:Irby, C.L.
1818:9004119124
1499:References
971:food riots
826:Circassian
716:See also:
622:Abu'l-Fida
614:Roman days
552:See also:
390:Kir-haresh
245:Population
206:Government
2384:Sykes, C.
1811:. BRILL.
978:an attack
812:based in
802:mutasarif
767:Al Majali
751:Christian
669:In 1355,
660:physician
568:King Fulk
530:Christian
526:bishopric
517:Χαραχμωβα
483:Harreketh
471:Nabateans
404:; in the
384:. In the
297:Area code
270:Time zone
237:Elevation
131:35°42′0″E
128:31°11′0″N
2398:(1873).
2386:(1965).
2367:(1854).
2345:(1951).
2308:(1997).
2271:(1993).
2253:(1890).
2226:(1823).
2160:(1970).
2136:(1896).
2134:Hill, G.
2075:(1896).
2061:(1921).
2037:(1895).
2009:BBC News
1726:Doughtey
1482:See also
1339:Source:
1265:Average
903:, 1920,
878:Damascus
874:governor
854:al Azhar
814:Damascus
778:In 1844
638:apricots
560:Crusader
434:Damascus
422:Arameans
382:Moabites
378:Iron Age
351:Dead Sea
308:Al-Karak
109:Al-Karak
44:Al-Karak
2452:35°42′E
2449:31°11′N
1972:115-116
1878:10 June
1702:Dowling
1445:Saladin
1382:Gallery
1370:Cuisine
1334:(14.1)
1260:(48.1)
1255:(36.3)
1250:(43.2)
1245:(51.6)
1240:(58.6)
1235:(61.2)
1230:(60.4)
1225:(58.8)
1220:(52.7)
1215:(45.7)
1210:(39.6)
1205:(35.8)
1200:(33.3)
1190:(58.4)
1185:(44.1)
1180:(52.2)
1175:(62.8)
1170:(71.2)
1165:(73.9)
1160:(73.2)
1155:(70.0)
1150:(63.5)
1145:(55.8)
1140:(48.7)
1135:(43.7)
1130:(41.2)
1120:(68.5)
1115:(51.6)
1110:(61.2)
1105:(73.9)
1100:(83.8)
1095:(86.5)
1090:(85.8)
1085:(81.0)
1080:(74.3)
1075:(65.7)
1070:(57.7)
1065:(51.4)
1060:(48.9)
984:Climate
838:Muslims
772:Maaitah
724:Ottoman
698:Baibars
664:surgeon
618:convent
594:Al-Adil
586:Saladin
494:Charach
458:Kharkha
454:Aramaic
392:,
361:History
355:Ottoman
301:+(962)2
264:351,169
165:Country
159:216/065
81:Qir of
2353:
2322:
2285:
2208:
2187:
2168:
2122:
1990:
1924:
1869:
1842:
1815:
1493:Madaba
1431:Mosque
1376:mansaf
1364:Jordan
1360:Muslim
1329:(2.8)
1324:(1.3)
1319:(0.2)
1294:(0.2)
1289:(0.7)
1284:(2.7)
1279:(3.0)
1274:(3.4)
1011:Month
929:French
831:Madeba
747:Muslim
738:Sanjak
732:nahiya
702:Barquq
634:hammam
610:fosses
532:under
508:Kharkh
473:. The
426:Levant
412:) and
324:Jordan
312:Arabic
253:32,216
178:Jordan
175:
2422:Kerak
2375:(pp.
2330:(pp.
2293:(pp.
2234:(pp.
2103:(PDF)
2091:–332.
2053:–235.
1687:Bliss
1544:Hitti
1531:>
1050:Year
948:Amman
933:Syria
925:Ma'an
858:Cairo
850:Mufti
810:Syria
798:Ma'an
743:Ajlun
706:Cairo
694:Mecca
642:pears
626:Mutah
602:Wadis
598:Yaqut
510:) or
503:Χαραχ
498:Greek
386:Bible
343:Amman
332:Syria
320:Karak
316:الكرك
260:Metro
213:Mayor
49:الكرك
18:Kerak
2490:Moab
2351:ISBN
2320:ISBN
2283:ISBN
2206:ISBN
2185:ISBN
2166:ISBN
2152:–47.
2120:ISBN
2017:2016
1988:ISBN
1922:ISBN
1880:2016
1867:ISBN
1840:ISBN
1813:ISBN
1344:.org
1314:(0)
1309:(0)
1304:(0)
1299:(0)
1243:10.9
1238:14.8
1233:16.2
1228:15.8
1223:14.9
1218:11.5
1188:14.6
1178:11.2
1173:17.1
1168:21.8
1163:23.3
1158:22.9
1153:21.1
1148:17.5
1143:13.2
1118:20.3
1113:10.9
1108:16.2
1103:23.3
1098:28.8
1093:30.3
1088:29.9
1083:27.2
1078:23.5
1073:18.7
1068:14.3
1063:10.8
1047:Dec
1044:Nov
1041:Oct
1038:Sep
1035:Aug
1032:Jul
1029:Jun
1026:May
1023:Apr
1020:Mar
1017:Feb
1014:Jan
952:Salt
950:and
868:The
806:Wāli
759:akçe
662:and
616:, a
534:Arab
463:כרכא
224:Area
201:1893
83:Moab
70:The
58:City
2379:ff)
2377:368
2299:295
2295:286
2244:456
2240:444
2236:361
2089:327
2051:203
1903:484
1769:329
1754:220
1742:203
1710:329
1706:328
1691:217
1658:480
1654:479
1642:479
1332:359
1258:8.9
1253:2.4
1248:6.2
1213:7.6
1208:4.2
1203:2.1
1198:0.7
1183:6.7
1138:9.3
1133:6.5
1128:5.1
1058:9.4
997:Csa
931:in
876:of
808:of
741:of
481:as
466:).
396:or
285:DST
275:GMT
2481::
2336:60
2334:−
2332:59
2318:.
2314:.
2281:.
2242:,
2238:,
2222:;
2150:24
2148::
2146:28
2144:.
2140:.
2118:.
2087::
2085:28
2083:.
2079:.
2049::
2047:27
2045:.
2041:.
2007:.
1793:24
1781:24
1760:^
1730:26
1708:,
1631:^
1560:.
1506:^
1378:.
1366:.
1327:72
1322:32
1287:17
1282:68
1277:75
1272:86
958:.
943:.
856:,
833:.
789:.
761:.
708:.
681:.
644:,
640:,
520:,
506:,
500::
492:,
485:.
338:.
314::
291:+3
277:+2
2359:.
2338:)
2328:.
2301:)
2297:−
2291:.
2263:.
2246:)
2214:.
2193:.
2174:.
2128:.
2105:.
2019:.
1960:6
1930:.
1905:.
1882:.
1848:.
1821:.
1656:−
1517:.
1317:5
1312:0
1307:0
1302:0
1297:0
1292:4
992:(
514:(
496:(
460:(
416:(
408:(
310:(
287:)
34:.
20:)
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