3279:
has certainly no merit, logical or psychological, the individual is divided into five aggregates or groups.” However, the five khandhas, as treated in the nikāyas and early abhidhamma, do not exactly take on the character of a formal theory of the nature of man. The concern is not so much the presentation of an analysis of man as object, but rather the understanding of the nature of conditioned existence from the point of view of the experiencing subject. Thus at the most general level rūpa, vedanā, sañña, and are presented as five aspects of an individual being's experience of the world; each khandha is seen as representing a complex class of phenomena that is continuously arising and falling away in response to processes of consciousness based on the six spheres of sense. They thus become the five upādānakkhandhas, encompassing both grasping and all that is grasped."
3322:"It's possible that a senseless person — immersed in ignorance, overcome with craving — might think that he could outsmart the Teacher's message in this way: 'So — form is not-self, feeling is not-self, perception is not-self, fabrications are not-self, consciousness is not-self. Then what self will be touched by the actions done by what is not-self?' Now, monks, haven't I trained you in counter-questioning with regard to this & that topic here & there? What do you think — Is form constant or inconstant?" "Inconstant, lord." "And is that which is inconstant easeful or stressful?" "Stressful, lord." "And is it fitting to regard what is inconstant, stressful, subject to change as: 'This is mine. This is my self. This is what I am'?"
1947:(eternal soul) which was deemed liberating by the Vedic traditions. Bronkhorst notes that "knowledge of the self plays no useful role on the Buddha’s path to liberation". What is important is not to grasp at the forms, sounds, odors, flavors, objects, and mental properties which are perceived with the six sense organs (these include mind as the sixth sense organ). The insight that the aggregates are not self aids in letting go of this grasping.
489:
3289:
to the existence of the self is of minor importance. The main thing is that knowledge of the self plays no useful role on the Buddha’s path to liberation. As certain non-Buddhist currents asserted a permanent self not subject to change because only knowledge of such a self could be useful to the attainment of liberation, it is probably justified to assume that the Buddha did not accept the existence of such a self."
8895:
8906:
6304:
6291:
3255:), and any sense of Self or I are a burden which the enlightened individual has dropped, thus becoming a "man of nothing", not clinging to anything internal or external. The perfect state of enlightenment is one without any personality, no "I am" conceit, no physical identification, no intellectual identification, no identification in direct or indirects terms related to any of the five
1070:
6281:
3195:, which is at the base of everything we are, the ground of all of our mental formations." Similarly, Trungpa (2001, pp. 73-4) states that consciousness "is the finally developed state of being that contains all the previous elements.... onsciousness constitutes an immediately available source of occupation for the momentum of the skandhas to feed on."
50:
3042:, 1999, p. 178; Trungpa, 2001, p. 21; and, Trungpa, 2002, p. 126). The one exception is in Trungpa (1976), pp. 20-23, where he states that the "strategies or impluses" of "indifference, passion and aggression" are "part of the third stage ," "guided by perception." (This section of Trungpa, 1976, is anthologized in Trungpa, 1999, pp. 55-58.)
2887:, the five skandhas are "a set of Buddhist concepts which describe experience as a five-step process" and that "the whole development of the five skandhas... is an attempt on our part to shield ourselves from the truth of our insubstantiality," while "the practice of meditation is to see the transparency of this shield."
3288:
Bronkhorst: "The aim of the teaching of the Buddha is evidently not to discover the real self. On the contrary, the preoccupation with the true nature of the self has to be given up. Only then one is ready to follow the path shown by the Buddha. Seen from this practical point of view, the question as
3278:
Gethin: "To explain the khandhas as the
Buddhist analysis of man, as has been the tendency of contemporary scholars, may not be incorrect as far as it goes, yet it is to fix upon one facet of the treatment of the khandhas at the expense of others. Thus A. B. Keith could write, “By a division which...
2978:
The initial part of the
Buddhist practice is purification of each of the above "five aggregates" through meditation, study, ritual and living by virtues, particularly abstaining from mental intoxicants. Ultimately, the practice shifts to considering these as naive, then transcending them to reach the
3168:
Harvey writes, "This is in contrast to saññā, which knows by grouping things together, labeling them. This contrast can be seen in terms of the typical objects of these states: colours for saññā (S.III.87), but tastes (S.III.87) or feelings (M.I.292) for viññāṇa. While colours usually be immediately
2394:
Bodhi states that six-sense-bases is a "vertical" view of human experiences while the aggregates is a "horizontal" (temporal) view. The
Theravada Buddhist meditation practice on sense bases is aimed at both removing distorted cognitions such as those influenced by cravings, conceits and opinions, as
1819:
Mathieu
Boisvert states that "many scholars have referred to the five aggregates in their works on Buddhism, none have thoroughly explained their respective functions". According to Boisvert, the five aggregates and dependent origination are closely related, which explains the process that binds us
1737:
doctrine, states
Matthew MacKenzie, is a form of anti-realism about everyday reality including persons, and presents an alternative to "substantialist views of the self". It asserts that everything perceived, each person and personality, is an "aggregate, heap" of composite entities without essence.
1294:
and
William Stede, it means "bulk of the body, aggregate, heap, material collected into bulk" in one context, "all that is comprised under, groupings" in some contexts, and particularly as "the elements or substrata of sensory existence, sensorial aggregates which condition the appearance of life in
2894:
ome of the details of tantric iconography are developed from abhidharma . Different colors and feelings of this particular consciousness, that particular emotion, are manifested in a particular deity wearing such-and-such a costume, of certain particular colors, holding certain particular sceptres
2484:
According to
Boisvert, "the function of each of the aggregates, in their respective order, can be directly correlated with the theory of dependent origination—especially with the eight middle links." Four of the five aggregates are explicitly mentioned in the sequence, yet in a different order than
3503:
See also Nhat Hanh (1988), p. 1, and Suzuki (1960), p. 26. Nhat Hanh (1988) adds to this first verse the sentence: "After this penetration, he overcame all pain." Suzuki (1960), p. 29, notes that this additional sentence is unique to Hsuan-chuang's translation and is omitted in other versions of
3471:
Bodhi (2000b, pp. 839-840) writes: "Whereas the teaching on dependent origination is intended to disclose the dynamic pattern running through everyday experience that propels the round of rebirth and death forward from life to life, the teaching on the five aggregates concentrates on experience in
3332:"What do you think, monks — Is consciousness constant or inconstant?" "Inconstant, lord." "And is that which is inconstant easeful or stressful?" "Stressful, lord." "And is it fitting to regard what is inconstant, stressful, subject to change as: 'This is mine. This is my self. This is what I am'?"
4458:
We have seen how
Buddhist thought criticizes the concept of an unchanging self as incoherent; however, both ancient and modern critics have argued that to do away with the self in the manner of Buddhist thought in fact creates insurmountable philosophical and moral problems.... We have seen how
3063:
does not signify emotion (which appears to be a complex phenomenon involving a variety of concomitant mental factors), but the bare affective quality of an experience, which may be either pleasant, painful or neutral." Perhaps somewhat similarly, Trungpa (1999), p.58, writes: "Consciousness
1807:
never tried to define what a "person" is, though scholars tend to approach the skandhas as a description of the constituents of the person. He adds that almost any
Buddhist meditation teacher explains it that way, as Buddhist commentaries from about the 1st century CE onwards have done. In
3336:"Thus, monks, any form whatsoever that is past, future, or present; internal or external; blatant or subtle; common or sublime; far or near: every form is to be seen as it actually is with right discernment as: 'This is not mine. This is not my self. This is not what I am.'
1725:
The five aggregates are often interpreted in the later tradition as an explanation of the constituents of person and personality, and "the list of aggregates became extremely important for the later development of the teaching". According to this interpretation, in each
2712:. The Sanskrit version of the "Prajnaparamita Hridaya Sutra" ("Heart Sutra"), which may have been composed in China from Sanskrit texts, and later back-translated into Sanskrit, states that the five skandhas are empty of self-existence, and famously states "form is
4565:. (Snodgrass asserts that the term literally means "heap", and the concept refers to the teaching accepted by all Buddhist schools that "the personality is an aggregate of five constituent parts," referring back to publications from the 1930s to the 1950s.)
2561:
The interplay between the five-aggregate model of immediate causation and the twelve-nidana model of requisite conditioning is evident, for instance both note the seminal role that mental formations have in both the origination and cessation of suffering.
3493:
According to
Nattier (1992), the Heart Sutra was originally composed in Chinese and later back-translated into Sanskrit. Thereafter, it became popular in India and later Tibet. Elements in this translation are not present in Chinese versions of this
2804:
When the sutra says that the five Skandhas have the character of emptiness..., the sense is: no limiting qualities are to be attributed to the Absolute; while it is immanent in all concrete and particular objects, it is not in itself
1275:) is a Sanskrit word that means "multitude, quantity, aggregate", generally in the context of body, trunk, stem, empirically observed gross object or anything of bulk verifiable with senses. The term appears in the Vedic literature.
3241:
appears in the early Buddhist texts: "All form is comparable to foam; all feelings to bubbles; all sensations are mirage-like; dispositions are like the plantain trunk; consciousness is but an illusion: so did the Buddha illustrate
2979:
state of realization that there is neither person nor self within, or in any other being, states Harvey, where everyone and everything is without self or substantiality and is a "cluster of changing physical and mental processes".
1745:(unsatisfying), impermanent, and without an enduring self or essence. Each aggregate is an object of grasping (clinging), at the root of self-identification as "I, me, myself". According to Harvey, realizing the real nature of
2369:, the Theravada tradition teaches that the six sense bases accommodate "all the factors of existence"; it is "the all", and "apart from which nothing at all exists", and "are empty of a self and of what belongs to the self".
3298:
Bronkhorst: "Acquiring the insight that the various components of the person are not the self causes a wise and noble listener to turn away from material form, and so on; as a result he becomes free from desire and attains
1611:)): "constructing activities", "conditioned things", "volition", "karmic activities"; all types of mental imprints and conditioning triggered by an object. Includes any process that makes a person initiate action or act.
2481:. These were integrated with a branched list that describes the conditioning of mental processes, akin to the five skandhas. Eventually, this branched list developed into the standard twelvefold chain as a linear list.
3228:
lacks a self and substantiality. The aggregates are appearances which don't have an essence either separately or together, all that is perceived as an aggregate or a whole has no real existence. This is the "non-self"
1815:
Rupert Gethin also notes that the five skandhas are not merely "the Buddhist analysis of man", but "five aspects of an individual being's experience of the world... encompassing both grasping and all that is grasped".
3472:
its lived immediacy in the continuum from birth to death." Perhaps in a similar vein, Bodhi (2000b, pp. 762-3, n. 132) notes elsewhere that, according to the Samyutta Nikaya's subcommentary: "There are two kinds of
2576:(domains or bases), "constantly watching sensory experience in order to prevent the arising of cravings which would power future experience into rebirths," which also overlap with the skandhas. The four domains are:
3566:
was never employed by the Buddha and it is rare in the Pali Canon in general. Only in the post-canonical period does it become a standard concept, when it is extensively used in the commentarial descriptions of the
1683:)): "discrimination" or "discernment". Awareness of an object and discrimination of its components and aspects, and is of six types, states Peter Harvey. The Buddhist literature discusses this skandha as,
2817:, developed in India but played a prominent role in China. They on occasion speak of the ineffable skandhas of the Buddha (beyond the nature of worldly skandhas and beyond worldly understanding). In the
3114:
into fifty mental factors (Bodhi, 2000a, p. 26). Trungpa (2001), pp. 47ff, following the Sarvastivada Abhidharma studied in Mahayana Buddhism, states that there are fifty-one "general types" of
2693:-teachings developed from the first century BCE onward. They emphasise the "emptiness" of everything that exists. This means that there are no eternally existing "essences", since everything is
2372:
The suttas do not describe this as an alternative of the skandhas. The Abhidhamma, striving to "a single all-inclusive system", explicitly connects the five aggregates and the six sense bases:
2464:
teachings which arise in dependence on the preceding link. While this list may be interpreted as describing the processes which give rise to rebirth, in essence it describes the arising of
1733:
According to Damien Keown and Charles Prebish, canonical Buddhism asserts that "the notion of a self is unnecessarily superimposed upon five skandha" of a phenomenon or a living being. The
2739:
conception of reality, which reifies dhammas. The simultaneous non-reification of the self and reification of the skandhas has been viewed by some Buddhist thinkers as highly problematic.
1764:
This "no essence" view has been a topic of questions, disagreements, and commentaries since ancient times, both in non-Buddhist Indian religions and Buddhist traditions. The use of the
3316:, describes the impermanence of the aggregates to assert that there is no self, and the right discernment is, "this is not mine, this is not my self, this is not what I am". From
7045:
96:
1749:, both in terms of impermanence and non-self, is necessary for nirvana. This "emptiness from personality" can be found in descriptions of the enlightened, perfected state of
6435:
3446:
The apparent distinctions between the nidana model and the khandha model are reduced when, instead of using the twelve-nidana model of the Samyutta Nikaya, chapter 12
1943:
According to Johannes Bronkhorst, the notion that the five aggregates are not self has to be viewed in light of debates about "liberating knowledge", the knowledge of
3147:
18, states: "The passage confirms the privileged status of consciousness among the five aggregates. While all the aggregates are conditioned phenomena marked by the
1155:
They are also explained as the five factors that constitute and explain a sentient being's person and personality, but this is a later interpretation in response to
2471:
Some scholars regard it to be a later synthesis of several older lists. The first four links may be a mockery of the Vedic-Brahmanic cosmogony, as described in the
8188:
551:
6070:
The Spirituality of Emptiness in Early chinese Buddhism. In: Buddhist Spirituality. Indian, Southeast Asian, Tibetan, Early Chinese; edited by Takeuchi Yoshinori
2821:
the Buddha tells of how the Buddha's skandhas are in fact eternal and unchanging. The Buddha's skandhas are said to be incomprehensible to unawakened vision.
1954:
do not necessarily constitute the entirety of the human experience, and that the Hindu concept of Ātman is not explicitly negated by Pāli Canon. According to
6405:
3159:: see 22:53-54). Even consciousness, however, is not a self-identical entity but a sequence of dependently arisen occasions of cognizing; see MN I 256-60."
291:
1407:
of any person, sentient being and object to be composed of four basic elements or forces: earth (solidity), water (cohesion), fire (heat) and wind (motion).
6513:
2609:
have been misunderstood by the developing Buddhist tradition, including Theravada, to refer to four different foundations. According to Polak, the four
6270:
2677:
The Mahayana developed out of the traditional schools, introducing new texts and putting other emphases in the teachings, especially shunyata and the
3034:
involves the sensing or feeling of something as pleasant, unpleasant or neutral (see, for instance, SN 22). When contemporary authors elaborate on
2697:. The skandhas too are dependently originated, and lack any substantial existence. According to Red Pine, the Prajnaparamita texts are a historical
8780:
8232:
7964:
2746:
school further analysed the workings of the mind, elaborated on the concept of nama-rupa and the five skandhas, and developed the notion of the
8435:
6415:
6153:
6126:
6013:
5962:
5940:
5892:
5798:
5680:
5322:
5070:
4862:
4843:
4660:
4638:
4619:
4600:
4558:
4531:
4447:
4420:
4397:
4350:
4314:
4287:
4260:
4233:
4094:
4067:
4015:
3958:
3869:
3793:
3737:
3681:
5712:
History of Indian Philosophy: The philosophy of the Veda and of the epic. The Buddha and the Jina. The Sāmkhya and the classical Yoga-system
2705:
that "phenomena" or their constituents are real. The prajnaparamita notion of "emptiness" is also consistent with the Theravada Abhidhamma.
6598:
6440:
5664:, Wilfrid Laurier University Press, for the Canadian Corporation for Studies in Religion / Corporation Canadienne des Sciences Religieuses
8941:
8775:
3985:
1950:
Miri Albahari also objected to the usual understanding of the skandhas as denoting the absence of any "self". Albahari argued that the
1539:)): sensory and mental process that registers, recognizes and labels (for instance, the shape of a tree, color green, emotion of fear).
8672:
8222:
6317:
6248:
3259:, because "a tathagata has abandoned the personality factors". No one can find him because he has no "I", self or identity, while his
1100:
546:
503:
8765:
6518:
5995:
5646:
5631:
5616:
5601:
5583:
5562:
5546:
5531:
5513:
5482:
5467:
5452:
5424:
5361:
5339:
3825:
6661:
6225:
5844:
5902:
3212:) are painful ." The five aggregates trigger suffering, pain or unsatisfactoriness. Everything that makes a person is a factor of
8450:
8195:
3169:
identified, tastes and feelings often need careful consideration to properly identify them: discernment and analysis are needed."
3642:
This type of analysis of the aggregates (where ignorance conditions the five aggregates) might be akin to that described by the
3517:
has also been translated as "self-nature" (Suzuki, 1960, p. 26), "separate self" (Nhat Hanh, 1988, p. 16) and "self-existence" (
8842:
8832:
1854:(a "type of sensation may act as an agent bringing about the future arising of craving and aversion"). This is determined by
8787:
8440:
8242:
8133:
8078:
6651:
3354:
is used in multiple contexts in the Pāli canon: For instance, Bodhi (2000b), pp. 527–28, identifies four different ways that
2818:
2661:
326:
5885:
Mindfulness in Early Buddhism: New Approaches through Psychology and Textual Analysis of Pāli, Chinese and Sanskrit Sources
8757:
8455:
8138:
6430:
6263:
5921:
3191:, this is a particularly Mahayana statement. For instance, Nhat Hanh (1999, pp. 180-1) states: "Consciousness here means
2387:
The mental sense-object (i.e. mental objects) overlap the first four aggregates (form, feeling, perception and formation);
1029:
724:
6242:
3216:, and these in Buddhist thought are not a source of pleasure but of sorrow. Nirvana requires transcendence from all five
2728:
8340:
8212:
8183:
7885:
6232: (archived 2003-02-19), table showing the five skandhas, prepared by Alan Fox (Dept. of Philosophy, U. of Delaware).
5416:
974:
749:
709:
7575:
2358:
The internal and external sense bases together form the "six sense bases". In this description, found in texts such as
8031:
7940:
7836:
7770:
7410:
7055:
6568:
6463:
3434:
Put another way, it is through the five skandhas that clinging occurs. See, for instance, the Samadhi Sutta (SN 22:5)
2895:
in his hand. Those details are very closely connected with the individualities of particular psychological processes.
2877:
8931:
5729:
8936:
8880:
8360:
7322:
6445:
5772:
Sue Hamilton. "From the Buddha to Buddhaghosa: Changing Attitudes Toward the Human Body in Theravāda Buddhism." In
5690:
3841:
3089:
is more accurate, although this implies less a process and more the static end result (the mental state of holding
6794:
5460:
Mindfulness of Breathing (Ānāpānasati): Buddhist texts from the Pāli Canon and Extracts from the Pāli Commentaries
2415:
s can be arranged into six triads, each triad composed of a sense object, a sense organ, and sense consciousness.
2409:
s – six external bases, six internal bases, and six consciousnesses – function through the five aggregates. These
1822:
659:
8770:
8583:
8573:
8445:
7428:
7008:
6769:
6744:
2810:
2613:
do not refer to four different foundations of which one should be aware, but are an alternate description of the
2154:
849:
7068:
2362:, the coming together of an object and a sense-organ results in the arising of the corresponding consciousness.
804:
8875:
8227:
8041:
8019:
8012:
7915:
7448:
6884:
6829:
6450:
6256:
2946:
2478:
854:
195:
75:
1730:– body, sensations, perceptions, mental formations, and consciousness – there is emptiness and no substance.
8812:
8792:
8123:
8103:
7860:
7590:
7391:
7152:
6834:
6784:
2702:
2694:
2333:
1014:
794:
629:
38:
3237:(suffering, pain, unsatisfactoriness). The explicit denial of substantiality or essence in any of the five
1958:, "anattā is best understood as a practical strategy rather than as a metaphysical doctrine". To Albahari,
435:
8822:
8662:
8330:
8300:
8073:
8024:
7865:
7813:
7808:
7570:
7288:
7040:
7035:
3513:
In the Theravada canon, the English word "self-existence" is a translation of the Sanskrit word svabhava.
3265:
expands to infinity; he is beyond the reach of the unenlightened human beings, as well as the army of the
3155:
through the sequence of rebirths.... The other four aggregates serve as the 'stations for consciousness' (
2797:
2353:
2325:
1812:
should be viewed as activities, which cause suffering, but whose unwholesome workings can be interrupted.
1093:
829:
814:
719:
714:
536:
92:
5776:, edited by Jane Marie Law. Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, 1995, pp. 46–63.
2716:, emptiness is form. The same is true with feelings, perceptions, mental formations, and consciousness."
8827:
8797:
8378:
8310:
8143:
8058:
8053:
7977:
7972:
7890:
6420:
3148:
2747:
2451:
2422:'s conceptions of aggregates, sense bases and dhattus (elements). This meta-scheme is known as the four
2315:
1034:
1024:
979:
298:
7443:
1964:
is an ever-present part of human nature, which is gradually "uncovered" by the cessation of ignorance.
7960:
7100:
1615:
1301:
as "heap, aggregate", stating it refers to the explanation of the psychophysical makeup of any being.
8850:
8817:
8802:
8690:
8320:
8217:
8163:
8048:
7987:
7955:
7950:
7935:
7920:
7910:
7875:
7788:
7480:
7403:
7305:
7174:
6976:
6714:
6706:
6646:
6395:
6362:
6312:
5490:
5385:
3447:
3435:
3141:
1044:
1004:
999:
964:
809:
689:
597:
582:
526:
498:
460:
6631:
6558:
4459:
Buddhist thought breaks down an individual into five classes of physical and mental events known as
3021:
traditionally refers to the first four aggregates, as opposed to the fifth aggregate, consciousness.
8657:
8536:
8370:
8345:
8335:
8295:
8272:
8155:
8128:
8088:
8007:
7997:
7925:
7852:
7283:
7140:
6921:
6899:
6851:
6671:
6471:
6327:
6307:
5904:
Buddhism in China: A Historical Survey. In Antonio S. Cua (ed.): Encyclopedia of Chinese Philosophy
3358:
is used including in terms of the "eighteen elements" and in terms of "the four primary elements" (
3192:
3152:
2936:
1944:
1692:
1304:
1054:
1009:
947:
887:
824:
769:
764:
519:
508:
444:
242:
8519:
8720:
8625:
8467:
8430:
8425:
8355:
8305:
8252:
8247:
8118:
8113:
8108:
8098:
8083:
8068:
8063:
8002:
7982:
7945:
7870:
7675:
7376:
7300:
7178:
7120:
6961:
6861:
6789:
6764:
6410:
6340:
6102:
6094:
6057:
5832:
5753:
4745:
3835:
3391:
The first five sense objects (visible forms, sound, smell, taste, touch) are also derivatives of
2921:
2615:
1959:
1800:
1291:
1241:
1039:
1019:
959:
954:
842:
744:
737:
664:
654:
561:
340:
6212:
5736:
Gethin, Ruper (1986), "The five khandhas: Their theatment in the nikāyas and early abhidhamma",
5589:
3812:. Translated by Dorje, Gyurnme; Coleman, Graham; Jinpa, Thupten. Introductory commentary by the
1791:
too are considered unreal and nonsubstantial in numerous other Buddhist Nikaya and Āgama texts.
1768:
concept to explain the self is unique to Buddhism among major Indian religions, and responds to
6636:
6192:
3459:
2337:
1772:
teachings that "phenomena" or its constituents are real. It also contrasts with the premise of
8898:
8860:
8556:
8541:
8504:
8489:
8262:
8178:
8093:
7930:
7895:
7880:
7842:
7607:
7597:
7278:
7125:
7110:
6981:
6904:
6824:
6759:
6691:
6578:
6536:
6335:
6149:
6122:
6009:
5991:
5958:
5936:
5915:
5888:
5794:
5676:
5642:
5627:
5612:
5597:
5579:
5558:
5542:
5527:
5509:
5478:
5463:
5448:
5420:
5394:
5376:
5357:
5335:
5318:
4786:
4737:
4554:
4527:
4443:
4439:
4416:
4393:
4346:
4310:
4283:
4256:
4229:
4090:
4063:
4011:
3981:
3954:
3865:
3821:
3789:
3733:
3677:
3579:
3205:
2884:
2861:
2305:
1268:
1086:
984:
969:
774:
649:
592:
556:
541:
472:
256:
31:
7625:
5728:. Oxford: Wolfson College. Retrieved 2008-01-22 from "Oxford Centre for Buddhist Studies" at
4250:
3948:
319:
302:
220:
216:
8546:
8499:
8494:
8350:
8315:
8290:
8285:
8036:
7992:
7905:
7580:
7236:
7229:
7013:
7003:
6889:
6553:
6425:
6086:
6049:
5824:
5745:
4729:
3910:
3178:
This conception of consciousness is found in the Theravada Abhidhamma (Bodhi, 2000a, p. 29).
2911:
2763:
2473:
1751:
1197:
1152:), the five material and mental factors that take part in the rise of craving and clinging.
1049:
994:
924:
914:
779:
414:
392:
378:
209:
183:
169:
7645:
6809:
6799:
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1543:
1208:
639:
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8807:
8735:
8605:
8403:
8383:
8325:
8237:
7900:
7798:
7381:
7364:
7349:
7327:
6879:
6749:
6583:
6229:
5519:
4392:. Oxford University Press. pp. 261–264, 288–295, 297–308, 358–363, 226–227, 317–329.
4329:
Kalupahana (1975), page 86. The quote is from S 3.142, and also occurs in the Āgamas.
4110:
3950:
The Opening of the Wisdom-Eye: And the History of the Advancement of Buddhadharma in Tibet
3813:
3012:
2841:
2657:
1162:
1074:
989:
789:
699:
644:
312:
7655:
7369:
6616:
6479:
5781:
Identity and Experience: the Constitution of the Human Being According to Early Buddhism.
4141:
3577:, though, does occur on various occasions in five canonical or para-canonical texts: the
3529:. When "emptiness of self" is mentioned, the English word "self" is a translation of the
2029:
5859:
3462:
where consciousness conditions name-and-form and name-and-form conditions consciousness.
27:
The five aggregates of clinging: form, sensations, perceptions, ideas, and consciousness
8865:
8568:
8418:
8200:
7780:
7760:
7680:
7359:
7293:
7268:
7130:
3643:
2690:
2457:
2340:
was historically very influential, and has been preserved partly in the Chinese Āgama.
2328:
developed detailed analyses and overviews of the teachings found in the sutras, called
1804:
934:
864:
819:
759:
677:
284:
7793:
7093:
7083:
5809:
Self, Reality and Reason in Tibetan Philosophy: Tsongkhapa's Quest for the Middle Way.
1471:
1399:)): matter, body or "material form" of a being or any existence. Buddhist texts state
1337:
694:
8925:
8635:
8484:
7695:
7553:
7354:
7332:
6939:
6734:
6729:
6621:
6455:
6290:
6188:
6106:
5955:
Self, No Self?: Perspectives from Analytical, Phenomenological, and Indian Traditions
5836:
5757:
5434:
5413:
A Comprehensive Manual of Abhidhamma: The Abhidhammattha Sangaha of Ācariya Anuruddha
5408:
4749:
4432:
3591:
2814:
2759:
2366:
899:
754:
704:
428:
362:
101:
65:
8680:
7585:
7463:
6819:
6814:
6061:
6033:
Boeddhisme. Stichter, scholen, systemen (Buddhismus - Stifter, Schulen und Systemen)
5951:"Enacting the Self: Buddhist and Enactivist Approaches to the Emergence of the Self"
3003:
In Rawson (1991: p.11), the first skandha is defined as: "name and form (Sanskrit
1741:
According to Harvey, the five skandhas give rise to a sense of personality, but are
1219:
451:
8725:
8710:
8630:
8620:
8462:
8257:
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7251:
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3585:
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2419:
1769:
1157:
799:
684:
602:
488:
85:
7508:
7493:
7453:
6390:
5980:
Reexamining Jhana: Towards a Critical Reconstruction of Early Buddhist Soteriology
1467:)): sensory experience of an object. It is either pleasant, unpleasant or neutral.
6114:
6003:
5950:
5930:
5788:
5670:
4548:
4521:
4408:
4387:
4340:
4304:
4277:
4223:
4084:
4057:
4005:
3975:
3931:
3859:
3783:
3727:
3671:
3629:") to each of the aggregates—at least superficially similar to an application of
1135:
8695:
8685:
8524:
7665:
7650:
7433:
7241:
7169:
6949:
6779:
6681:
6528:
6400:
5845:"Playing with Fire: The pratityasamutpada from the perspective of Vedic thought"
5571:
5440:
5332:
The Middle-Length Discourses of the Buddha: A Translation of the Majjhima Nikāya
3603:
2951:
2931:
2709:
2678:
2436:
Mental factors (cetasikas: the nama-factors sensation, perception and formation)
869:
8905:
6839:
5506:
The Tibetan Book of the Dead: The Great Liberation Through Hearing in the Bardo
2860:), allowing one to have the illusion of "possessing" ever dynamic and spacious
1884:
8640:
8598:
8474:
8280:
8205:
7819:
7803:
7765:
7745:
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7640:
7615:
7523:
7458:
7438:
7184:
7115:
6986:
6869:
6774:
6724:
6656:
6382:
6372:
6345:
6053:
5828:
5691:"Conditioned Arising Evolves: Variation and Change in Textual Accounts of the
4733:
3059:
include "emotions." For example, Bodhi (2000a), p. 80, writes: "The Pali word
2793:
2724:
2720:
2390:
The mental sense organ (mind) is comparable to the aggregate of consciousness.
2380:
sense bases (visible form, sound, smell, taste and touch), and the first five
2329:
1991:
874:
634:
531:
6954:
4741:
3915:
3898:
3617:
might be the earliest occurrence in Pali literature and quotes (p. 7, esply.
2384:
sense bases (eye, ear, nose, tongue and body) are part of the form aggregate;
1920:, the "person is likely to generate craving, clinging and becoming". As with
8615:
8588:
7755:
7630:
7342:
7258:
7135:
7025:
6998:
6991:
6911:
6874:
6641:
6606:
6573:
6548:
6503:
5315:
The Connected Discourses of the Buddha: A Translation of the Samyutta Nikaya
3375:
The first five sense organs (eye, ear, nose, tongue, body) are derivates of
3360:
3039:
2916:
2834:
2830:
2732:
2265:
1757:
1229:
919:
894:
8388:
7224:
7078:
6844:
6626:
6495:
6487:
5158:
5118:
2639:
2598:
2584:
2071:
1890:
1411:
1186:
270:
7150:
5790:
An Introduction to Buddhism: Teachings, History and Practices, 2nd Edition
5721:
5524:
The Heart of Understanding: Commentaries on the Prajnaparamita Heart Sutra
3884:
3633:
in the Prajnaparamita Hridaya Sutra ("Heart Sutra") cited in this article.
3108:
2540:
2521:
2503:
2487:
2418:
The Abhidhamma and post-canonical Pali texts create a meta-scheme for the
2226:
1783:
In some early Buddhist texts, the individual is considered unreal but the
1645:
1573:
1069:
30:
This article is about a term in Buddhist phenomenology. For Jain use, see
8745:
8700:
8645:
8610:
8514:
8173:
7740:
7735:
7730:
7720:
7705:
7685:
7620:
7538:
7528:
7503:
7498:
7398:
7159:
7030:
7018:
6929:
6666:
6588:
6285:
5764:
Gombrich, Richard (2009), "Chapter 9. Causation and non-random process",
4209:
3017:
2941:
2789:
2743:
2713:
2461:
2291:
2275:
2219:
1773:
1761:, in which there is no longer any identification with the five skandhas.
1253:
1249:
1245:
1139:
1123:
929:
909:
904:
784:
480:
141:
5271:
Trungpa (2001) pp. 10–12; and, Trungpa (2002) pp. 124, 133–134
1703:
a series of rapidly changing interconnected discrete acts of cognizance.
8650:
8593:
8578:
7725:
7715:
7690:
7565:
7560:
7518:
7488:
7420:
7386:
7337:
7273:
7214:
7209:
7105:
7063:
6966:
6754:
6541:
6367:
6098:
5749:
5662:
The Five Aggregates. Understanding Theravada Psychology and Soteriology
3188:
2926:
2628:
2439:
2349:
2287:
2271:
2261:
2100:
2011:
1777:
1688:
1345:
1325:
in Tibetan, and the terms mean "collections or aggregates or bundles".
1237:
1175:
17:
5910:, New York: Routledge, archived from the original on November 12, 2014
2701:
to some early Buddhist Abhidhammas. Specifically, it is a response to
330:
8730:
8715:
8551:
8413:
8393:
8168:
7830:
7710:
7700:
7635:
7263:
7219:
7204:
7194:
7164:
7145:
7088:
6971:
6739:
6611:
6355:
6350:
5354:
In the Buddha's Words: An Anthology of Discourses from the Pāli Canon
3330:"... Are fabrications constant or inconstant?" "Inconstant, lord."...
2906:
2845:
2792:(or conventional) experience of the world by an individual, although
2771:
2642:, which arise with the contact between the senses and their objects (
2282:
2195:
2171:
1896:
1248:
traditions assert that the nature of all aggregates is intrinsically
1233:
624:
619:
614:
577:
228:
6144:
Wayman, Alex (1990) , "The Intermediate-State Dispute in Buddhism",
6040:
Shulman, Eviatar (2007), "Early Meanings of Dependent-Origination",
4720:
Albahari, Miri (March 2002). "Against No-Ātman Theories of Anattā".
1808:
Thanissaro's view, however, this is incorrect, and he suggests that
6090:
5970:
Nattier, Jan (1992). "The Heart Sutra: A Chinese Apocryphal Text?"
4407:
Irina Kuznetsova; Chakravarthi Ram-Prasad; Jonardon Ganeri (2012).
3621:. 28) from this text (Paṭis. II 178) the application of the phrase
1244:
by relinquishing attachments to aggregates. Both the Theravada and
263:
8870:
8705:
8563:
8529:
8509:
8479:
8408:
7825:
7670:
7548:
7543:
7513:
7468:
7315:
7310:
7189:
6894:
6719:
6686:
6676:
5138:
4059:
A History of Buddhist Philosophy: Continuities and Discontinuities
3558:) in the Pali Canon, Gal (2003), p. 7, writes: "To judge from the
3328:"... Is perception constant or inconstant?" "Inconstant, lord."...
3261:
2956:
2591:
2332:. Each school developed its own Abhidharma. The best-known is the
1256:
and that these aggregates do not constitute a "self" of any kind.
1138:) means "heaps, aggregates, collections, groupings, clusters". In
859:
5710:
Frauwallner, Erich (1973), "Chapter 5. The Buddha and the Jina",
2784:. In these texts, the relation between absolute and relative was
2468:
as a psychological process, without the involvement of an atman.
8740:
7533:
7199:
6696:
5815:
Jones, Dhivan Thomas (2009), "New Light on the Twelve Nidanas",
5443:, Bhadantācariya (trans. from Pāli by Bhikkhu Ñāṇamoli) (1999).
3530:
3521:, p. 67). Note that Chinese versions of the Heart Sutra do
1205:
mental activity or formations or influences of a previous life (
155:
6252:
4172:
4170:
4168:
4166:
3326:"... Is feeling constant or inconstant?" "Inconstant, lord."...
2796:
truth is realized through them. Commenting on the Heart Sutra,
8398:
6934:
5330:Ñāṇamoli, Bhikkhu (trans.) & Bodhi, Bhikkhu (ed.) (2001).
3732:. Princeton University Press. pp. 708, 721–723, 827–828.
3233:) doctrine, and it holds that a belief in self is a source of
1780:
that a living being has an eternal soul or metaphysical self.
43:
4342:
An Introduction to Buddhism: Teachings, History and Practices
4279:
An Introduction to Buddhism: Teachings, History and Practices
3697:
3695:
3693:
2426:
or ultimate realities, three conditioned, one unconditioned:
1313:
as "aggregates". Damien Keown and Charles Prebish state that
6193:
http://www.palikanon.com/english/wtb/g_m/kaaya_gata_sati.htm
5972:
Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies
5720:
The Rise of the Concept of ‘Own-Nature’: (Sabhāva) in the Pa
5699:
Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies
5435:
Ninth dharma talk on the Satipatthana Sutta (MP3 audio file)
4252:
On Buddha Essence: A Commentary on Rangjung Dorje's Treatise
5377:
Culavedalla Sutta: The Shorter Set of Questions-and-Answers
4688:
4686:
4684:
4682:
4153:
4151:
3340:– Majjhima Nikaya iii 15, Translated by Thanissaro Bhikkhu
3085:
any subsequent judgement concerning them. The English word
4650:
4648:
4590:
4588:
4586:
4039:
4037:
4035:
4033:
4031:
4029:
4027:
3208:
states that "in brief, the five bundles of grasping-fuel (
5953:, in Siderits, Mark; Thompson, Evan; Zahavi, Dan (eds.),
5187:
5185:
4797:
4795:
3788:. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 193, 232–233, 421–425.
2844:
identifies the form aggregate as the "solidification" of
2649:
the altered states of mind to which this practice leads (
2553:
which ultimately lead to the "entire mass of suffering" (
6245:, web page including description of the Five Aggregates.
4503:
4501:
4473:
4471:
3064:
consists of emotions and irregular thought patterns...."
6077:
Wayman, Alex (1971), "Buddhist Dependent Origination",
5491:
Five Piles of Bricks: The Khandhas as Burden & Path
5395:
Maha-punnama Sutta: The Great Full-moon Night Discourse
4947:
4945:
4932:
4930:
4928:
4891:
4889:
4787:
Maha-punnama Sutta: The Great Full-moon Night Discourse
4488:
4486:
3999:
3997:
3140:
In commenting on the use of "consciousness" in SN 22.3
2395:
well as "uprooting all conceivings in all its guises".
1320:
4876:
4874:
4872:
4413:
Hindu and Buddhist Ideas in Dialogue: Self and No-Self
4368:
4366:
4364:
4362:
3765:
3763:
3761:
3759:
3757:
3755:
3753:
3751:
3749:
2989:
1661:
1653:
1589:
1581:
1517:
1509:
1445:
1437:
1379:
1371:
1314:
1308:
1296:
1115:
404:
397:
4573:
4571:
3665:
3663:
3661:
1290:) appears extensively in the Pali canon where, state
5504:
Fremantle, Francesca & Trungpa, Chõgyam (2003).
4964:
4962:
4960:
8841:
8756:
8671:
8369:
8271:
8154:
7851:
7779:
7606:
7479:
7419:
7054:
6920:
6860:
6705:
6597:
6527:
6381:
6326:
4553:. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 137 with note 165.
3853:
3851:
3726:Robert E. Buswell Jr.; Donald S. Lopez Jr. (2013).
3151:, consciousness serves as the connecting thread of
443:
427:
413:
391:
377:
361:
339:
311:
283:
255:
241:
208:
182:
168:
154:
140:
132:
125:
5477:. Kandy, Sri Lanka: Buddhist Publication Society.
5462:. Kandy, Sri Lanka: Buddhist Publication Society.
4431:
4083:Thomas William Rhys Davids; William Stede (1921).
3670:Thomas William Rhys Davids; William Stede (1921).
2876:), and thus being the basis for the creation of a
2788:the Buddhist teachings. The aggregates convey the
1912:is not "conducive to insight", and without proper
1285:
1279:
1217:
1206:
1195:
1184:
1173:
1147:
1128:
6115:"Dependent Origination - the Indo-Tibetan Vision"
6024:Buddhism: an outline of its teachings and schools
4136:
4134:
4132:
3953:. Theosophical Publishing House. pp. 37–38.
3222:* Impermanent: they come into being and dissolve.
91:for phonetic transcriptions, with an appropriate
3609:Gal (p. 10) speculates that the use of the term
3419:The six sense consciousnesses are the basis for
3398:The sixth sense object (mental object) includes
2146:
2007:
1971:
449:
247:
5403:Abhidhamma, Pali commentaries, modern Theravada
4303:Peter Harvey (2015). Steven M. Emmanuel (ed.).
4113:22.79, "Being Devoured" (Bodhi, 2000b, p. 915).
3038:, they define it similarly (see, for instance,
2892:
2802:
352:
345:
5877:Causality: The Central Philosophy of Buddhism.
4526:. University Press of Hawaii. pp. 85–86.
4409:"Chapter 9, see also the Introduction Chapter"
4345:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 59–62.
4282:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 57–62.
4228:. University Press of Hawaii. pp. 84–86.
4062:. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 71–72.
3077:although this is typically the translation of
1629:
1621:
1557:
1549:
1485:
1477:
1429:
1421:
1401:
1363:
1355:
1183:sensations (or feelings, received from form) (
1168:The five aggregates or heaps of clinging are:
274:
261:
146:
6264:
6215:, translated primarily by Thanissaro Bhikkhu.
5594:The Myth of Freedom and the Way of Meditation
5203:Nhat Hanh (1988), p. 1. Again, also see
4715:
4713:
4523:Causality: The Central Philosophy of Buddhism
4225:Causality: The Central Philosophy of Buddhism
4010:. Routledge. pp. 321–322, 382, 844–845.
2994:means "heap, group, collection or aggregate".
2485:the list of aggregates, which concludes with
2460:is a linear list of twelve elements from the
1677:
1669:
1605:
1597:
1533:
1525:
1461:
1453:
1394:
1387:
1094:
419:
383:
367:
232:
214:
199:
188:
174:
8:
7046:Basic points unifying Theravāda and Mahāyāna
5932:Awareness Bound and Unbound: Buddhist Essays
3980:. Routledge. pp. 42, 48, 58–60, 69–70.
3450:, one compares the nine-nidana model of the
2890:Trungpa Rinpoche writes (2001, p. 38):
2833:further develops the aggregates in terms of
317:
6243:A View on Buddhism: Mind and Mental Factors
5207:, p. 2, and Suzuki (1960), p. 26.
5069:sfn error: no target: CITEREFWilliams2000 (
4907:
4659:sfn error: no target: CITEREFBoisvert2005 (
4637:sfn error: no target: CITEREFBoisvert2005 (
4618:sfn error: no target: CITEREFBosivert2005 (
4599:sfn error: no target: CITEREFBoisvert2005 (
3864:. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 587–588.
3484:). A bhikkhu who sees one sees the other."
3081:meaning the apprehension of sensibilia and
3030:The Pali canon universally identifies that
1830:does not incorporate all human experience.
289:
6271:
6257:
6249:
4704:
4692:
4673:
4255:. Shambhala Publications. pp. 34–35.
4157:
3701:
3187:While not necessarily contradicted by the
2866:
2850:
2410:
2404:
1922:
1914:
1906:
1876:
1864:
1856:
1637:
1565:
1501:
1493:
1295:any form". Paul Williams et al. translate
1101:
1087:
467:
433:
160:
5557:. Emeryville, CA: Shoemaker & Hoard.
4861:sfn error: no target: CITEREFBodhi2000a (
4842:sfn error: no target: CITEREFBodhi2000a (
4309:. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 34–37.
4176:
4089:. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 664–665.
4004:Damien Keown; Charles S. Prebish (2013).
3914:
3676:. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 232–234.
2974:
2972:
2880:relationship between "self" and "other."
6137:Budddhist Insight. Essays by Alex Wayman
5204:
5191:
5064:
5052:
5040:
5028:
5016:
4951:
4936:
4919:
4895:
4654:
4632:
4613:
4594:
4507:
4386:William Edelglass; Jay Garfield (2009).
3936:. Oxford University Press. p. 1141.
3518:
3382:The sixth sense organ (mind) is part of
1882:recognise the three marks of existence (
8233:Banishment of Buddhist monks from Nepal
6180:
6164:Williams, Paul; Tribe, Anthony (2000),
5774:Religious Reflections on the Human Body
5447:. Seattle, WA: BPS Pariyatti Editions.
5445:The Path of Purification: Visuddhimagga
5280:Trungpa Rinpoche (1976), pp. 20–22
5246:
4880:
4389:Buddhist Philosophy: Essential Readings
3657:
3251:The physical, the personality factors (
2968:
2837:epistemology and tantric reifications.
2723:school elaborates on the notion of the
2583:mindfulness of feelings or sensations (
479:
8436:List of Buddhist architecture in China
5935:, State University of New York Press,
5913:
5004:
4992:
4980:
4856:
4837:
4825:
4813:
4801:
4774:
4762:
4577:
4188:
4043:
3899:"The Five-Aggregate Model of the Mind"
3833:
3769:
3713:
2605:According to Grzegorz Polak, the four
2590:mindfulness of mind or consciousness (
1709:the base that supports all experience.
1172:form (or material image, impression) (
122:
5639:Cutting Through Spiritual Materialism
5432:MN 10: Satipatthana Sutta (continued)
5392:Thanissaro Bhikkhu (trans.) (2001b).
5383:Thanissaro Bhikkhu (trans.) (2001a).
5176:
4968:
3974:Paul Williams; Anthony Tribe (2000).
3816:(First American ed.). New York:
3571:and in the sub-commentarial exegesis.
1795:Aggregates of experience and grasping
1240:to the aggregates. This suffering is
7:
5374:Thanissaro Bhikkhu (trans.) (1998).
5083:
4477:
4438:. Oxford University Press. pp.
3729:The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism
2399:Eighteen dhātus and four paramatthas
5974:, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 153–223.
5458:Ñāṇamoli, Bhikkhu (trans.) (1998).
5289:Trungpa Rinpoche (1976), p. 23
5234:
4492:
3314:The Great Full-moon Night Discourse
1236:arises when one identifies with or
1165:subscribes to this interpretation.
8223:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
5539:The Heart of the Buddha's Teaching
5508:. Boston: Shambhala Publications.
4306:A Companion to Buddhist Philosophy
4143:The Five Aggregates. A Study Guide
3861:A Companion to Buddhist Philosophy
3785:A Companion to Buddhist Philosophy
2840:Referring to mahamudra teachings,
1862:. According to Boisvert, "not all
552:Decline in the Indian subcontinent
547:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
81:for transliterated languages, and
61:of its non-English content, using
25:
6031:Schumann, Hans Wolfgang (1997) ,
5313:Bodhi, Bhikkhu (trans.) (2000b),
4200:Bhikkhu Bodhi, 2000b, p. 840
3480:) and origin through conditions (
3106:The Theravada Abhidhamma divides
2538:which in turn condition craving (
2519:which conditions the precursors (
2306:Source: MN 109 (Thanissaro, 2001)
8904:
8894:
8893:
8451:Thai temple art and architecture
8196:Huichang persecution of Buddhism
6436:Iconography in Laos and Thailand
6302:
6289:
6279:
6213:Khandavagga suttas (a selection)
6022:Schumann, Hans Wolfgang (1974),
5852:Journal of the Pali Text Society
5526:. Berkeley, CA: Parallax Press.
5334:. Boston: Wisdom Publications.
4212:, Encyclopædia Britannica (2013)
3131:Curzon Press 1995, page 143-146.
2786:a central topic in understanding
2631:which one needs to be aware of (
2512:which conditions name-and-form (
1697:cognizance, that which discerns.
1340:the five aggregates as follows:
1068:
487:
48:
6303:
6191:on kāya-sati (kāya-gatā-sati):
5879:The University Press of Hawaii.
5430:Bodhi, Bhikkhu (18 Jan 2005b).
5317:, Boston: Wisdom Publications,
4126:Curzon Press 1995, page 143-146
3930:Monier Monier-Williams (1872).
3308:According to Bikkhu Bodhi, the
2758:Shunyata, in Chinese texts, is
2580:mindfulness of the body (kaya);
2430:Material phenomena (rūpa, form)
8441:Japanese Buddhist architecture
8243:Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism
7323:Seven Factors of Enlightenment
6514:Places where the Buddha stayed
5793:, Cambridge University Press,
5689:Bucknell, Roderick S. (1999),
5352:Bodhi, Bhikkhu (ed.) (2005a).
4430:Rupert Gethin (16 July 1998).
4376:, Curzon Press, pages 228-230.
3887:Encyclopædia Britannica (2013)
2819:Mahayana Mahaparinirvana Sutra
2776:
2662:seven factors of enlightenment
2281:Mental Factors arise from the
1846:which is not harmful) or into
136:aggregate, mass, heap, cluster
97:multilingual support templates
1:
8456:Tibetan Buddhist architecture
5817:Contemporary Buddhism, 10 (2)
5669:Bronkhorst, Johannes (2009),
5609:The Essential Chögyam Trungpa
3933:A Sanskrit-English Dictionary
3269:(demon of death in Buddhism).
3143:, Bodhi (2000b), pp. 1046-7,
2433:Mind or consciousness (citta)
1787:are considered real. But the
8213:Buddhism and the Roman world
8189:Decline of Buddhism in India
8184:History of Buddhism in India
6284: Topics in
6042:Journal of Indian Philosophy
5738:Journal of Indian Philosophy
5473:Soma Thera (trans.) (2003).
5216:Kalupahana (1975) p. 78
4520:David J. Kalupahana (1975).
4222:David J. Kalupahana (1975).
4056:David J. Kalupahana (1992).
3810:The Tibetan Book of the Dead
3073:Some translate this term as
2570:Mindfulness applies to four
1900:), and do not belong to the
750:Buddhist Paths to liberation
7411:Twenty-two vows of Ambedkar
7151:
5957:, Oxford University Press,
5949:MacKenzie, Matthew (2013),
5722:
5488:Thanissaro Bhikkhu (2002).
5386:Khajjaniya Sutta: Chewed Up
5258:Suzuki (1960), p. 29,
5179:, p. 153-156, 196-197.
4983:, p. 173 with note 16.
4789:, Thanissaro Bhikkhu (2001)
4434:The Foundations of Buddhism
4140:Thanissaro Bhikkhu (2010),
3858:Steven M. Emmanuel (2015).
3782:Steven M. Emmanuel (2015).
3109:
2990:
2867:
2851:
2541:
2522:
2504:
2501:) condition consciousness (
2488:
2227:
1923:
1915:
1907:
1877:
1865:
1857:
1678:
1662:
1646:
1630:
1606:
1590:
1574:
1558:
1534:
1518:
1502:
1486:
1462:
1446:
1430:
1402:
1395:
1380:
1364:
1315:
1309:
1297:
1286:
1280:
1218:
1207:
1196:
1185:
1174:
1148:
1144:five aggregates of clinging
1129:
1116:
405:
353:
331:
303:
275:
233:
200:
8958:
8942:Sanskrit words and phrases
8361:The unanswerable questions
5875:Kalupahana, David (1975).
5672:Buddhist Teaching in India
5660:Boisvert, Mathieu (1995),
5225:Jinpa (2002), p. 112.
4550:The Symbolism of the Stupa
3897:Karunamuni ND (May 2015).
2708:This is formulated in the
2449:
2347:
1834:may transform into either
1826:. Boisvert notes that the
1336:The Buddha teaches in the
1321:
36:
29:
8889:
8446:Buddhist temples in Korea
7009:Chinese Esoteric Buddhism
6912:Three planes of existence
6519:Buddha in world religions
6298:
6068:Swanson, Paul L. (1993),
6054:10.1007/s10781-007-9030-8
6026:, Theosophical Pub. House
5990:. NY: Thames and Hudson.
5920:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
5843:Jurewicz, Joanna (2000),
5829:10.1080/14639940903239793
5637:Trungpa, Chögyam (2002).
5622:Trungpa, Chögyam (2001).
5607:Trungpa, Chögyam (1999).
5537:Nhât Hanh, Thich (1999).
4734:10.1080/09552360220142225
4547:Adrian Snodgrass (1992).
3448:(e.g., Thanissaro, 1997d)
2988:According to Dalai Lama,
2767:
2673:In the Mahayana tradition
2656:the development from the
2302:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2239:
2163:
2149:
2097:
2090:
2084:
2069:
2066:
2063:
2056:
2053:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2027:
2024:
2010:
2003:
1998:
1974:
1721:Aggregates of personality
1707:In some Mahayana sources:
1670:
1654:
1638:
1622:
1598:
1582:
1566:
1550:
1526:
1510:
1494:
1478:
1454:
1438:
1422:
1388:
1372:
1356:
1278:The Pali equivalent word
1272:
459:
434:
398:
384:
368:
346:
318:
290:
262:
215:
189:
175:
161:
147:
8228:Persecution of Buddhists
7449:Four stages of awakening
6830:Three marks of existence
6416:Physical characteristics
6187:Salient sections of the
6146:Buddhist Insight: Essays
6119:Buddhist Insight: Essays
5978:Polak, Grzegorz (2011),
5858:: 77–103, archived from
4007:Encyclopedia of Buddhism
3916:10.1177/2158244015583860
2947:Tathagatagarbha doctrine
2727:. Its basic text is the
2555:kevalassa dukkhakkhandha
2479:Brihadaranyaka Upanishad
2085:
1940:produce future effects.
37:Not to be confused with
7591:Ten principal disciples
6474:(aunt, adoptive mother)
6148:, Motilal Banarsidass,
6121:, Motilal Banarsidass,
6008:, Motilal Banarsidass,
5986:Rawson, Philip (1991).
5807:Jinpa, Thupten (2002).
5783:London: Luzac Oriental,
5766:What the Buddha Thought
5675:, Wisdom Publications,
5572:Suzuki, Daisetz Teitaro
5356:. Boston: Wisdom Pubs.
4086:Pali-English Dictionary
3820:. 2005. pp. xiii.
3673:Pali-English Dictionary
2477:of Veda X, 129 and the
2338:Sarvāstivāda Abhidharma
1968:In Theravada Abhidhamma
770:Philosophical reasoning
249:gugusan, gugus, agregat
8301:Buddhism and democracy
7814:Tibetan Buddhist canon
7809:Chinese Buddhist canon
7041:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
7036:Early Buddhist schools
6139:, Motilall Banarsidass
5787:Harvey, Peter (2013),
5718:Gal, Noa (July 2003).
5624:Glimpses of Abhidharma
5611:. Boston: Shambhala.
5596:. Boulder: Shambhala.
5576:Manual of Zen Buddhism
5541:. NY: Broadway Books.
5475:The Way of Mindfulness
4415:. Ashgate Publishing.
4249:Clark Johnson (2006).
3909:(2): 215824401558386.
3840:: CS1 maint: others (
3525:contain the notion of
3224:* Anatta: each of the
3220:and the sense objects.
2897:
2811:Tathāgatagarbha Sutras
2807:
2703:Sarvastivada teachings
2695:dependently originated
2411:
2405:
2326:Early Buddhist schools
1663:sna'i rnam par shes pa
537:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
450:
420:
248:
8311:Eight Consciousnesses
6421:Life of Buddha in art
6135:Wayman, Alex (1990),
6113:Wayman, Alex (1984),
6072:, New York: Crossroad
5883:Kuan, Tse-fu (2008),
5714:, Motilal Banarsidass
5641:. Boston: Shambhala.
5626:. Boston: Shambhala.
5347:Anthologies of suttas
4372:Peter Harvey (1995),
4339:Peter Harvey (2012).
4276:Peter Harvey (2012).
3149:three characteristics
2748:Eight Consciousnesses
2619:, describing how the
2452:Dependent Origination
1840:nekkhamma-sita vedana
1828:pancha-upadanakkhanda
1254:independent existence
805:Aids to Enlightenment
630:Dependent Origination
8788:East Asian religions
8218:Buddhism in the West
7789:Early Buddhist texts
7404:Four Right Exertions
6870:Ten spiritual realms
6363:Noble Eightfold Path
6079:History of Religions
6002:Ruhe, Brian (2005),
5901:Lai, Whalen (2003),
5654:Secondary literature
5419:Pariyatti Editions.
4777:, pp. 1125–127.
3625:(Pali for "empty of
3436:(Thanissaro, 2006b).
3204:* Dukkha: The first
2813:, which concern the
2729:Mūlamadhyamakakārikā
2334:Theravāda Abhidhamma
2264:is derived from the
775:Devotional practices
598:Noble Eightfold Path
461:Glossary of Buddhism
95:. Knowledge (XXG)'s
59:specify the language
57:This article should
8911:Religion portal
8658:Temple of the Tooth
8537:Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
7576:Upāsaka and Upāsikā
7069:Bodhipakkhiyādhammā
6852:Two truths doctrine
6672:Mahapajapati Gotamī
6472:Mahapajapati Gotamī
5929:Loy, David (2009),
5578:. NY: Grove Press.
5086:, p. i, 9, 81.
4828:, pp. 1125–26.
4816:, pp. 1122–23.
4109:See, for instance,
3947:Dalai Lama (1966).
3550:Regarding the term
3460:(Thanissaro, 1997a)
3193:store consciousness
3153:personal continuity
2937:Schools of Buddhism
2831:Vajrayana tradition
2499:saṅkhāra • saṃskāra
2497:mental formations (
2360:Salayatana samyutta
2266:Four Great Elements
1544:"mental formations"
1305:Johannes Bronkhorst
1284:(sometimes spelled
1149:Pañcupādānakkhandhā
1142:, it refers to the
1075:Buddhism portal
948:Buddhism by country
710:Sanskrit literature
8833:Western philosophy
8431:Dzong architecture
8253:Vipassana movement
8248:Buddhist modernism
7676:Emperor Wen of Sui
7444:Pratyekabuddhayāna
7377:Threefold Training
7179:Vipassana movement
6895:Hungry Ghost realm
6715:Avidyā (Ignorance)
6662:Puṇṇa Mantānīputta
6411:Great Renunciation
6406:Eight Great Events
6288:
6005:Freeing the Buddha
5750:10.1007/BF00165825
5302:Primary literature
4910:, p. 167-168.
4840:, pp. 287–88.
4635:, p. 147-148.
4179:, p. 242–247.
4124:The Selfless Mind.
3476:momentary origin (
3318:Maha-punnama Sutta
3310:Maha-punnama Sutta
3129:The Selfless Mind.
2922:Pratitya-samutpada
2735:, who refuted the
2623:are tranquilized:
1701:In the Abhidhamma:
1161:essentialism. The
562:Buddhist modernism
176:স্কন্ধ (skawndhaw)
8919:
8918:
8557:Om mani padme hum
8263:Women in Buddhism
8179:Buddhist councils
8049:Western countries
7837:Madhyamakālaṃkāra
7598:Shaolin Monastery
7175:Samatha-vipassanā
6785:Pratītyasamutpāda
6589:Metteyya/Maitreya
6507:
6499:
6491:
6483:
6475:
6467:
6459:
6336:Four Noble Truths
6226:The Five Skandhas
6155:978-81-208-0675-7
6128:978-81-208-0675-7
6015:978-81-208-1835-4
5964:978-0-19-166830-2
5942:978-1-4384-2680-8
5894:978-0-415-43737-0
5800:978-0-521-85942-4
5693:Paticca-samupadda
5682:978-0-86171-811-5
5553:Red Pine (2004).
5324:978-0-86171-331-8
5055:, p. 127–28.
4560:978-81-208-0781-5
4533:978-0-8248-0298-1
4449:978-0-19-289223-2
4422:978-1-4094-5662-9
4399:978-0-19-971655-5
4374:The Selfless Mind
4352:978-0-521-85942-4
4316:978-1-119-14466-3
4289:978-0-521-85942-4
4262:978-1-59030-276-7
4235:978-0-8248-0298-1
4096:978-81-208-1144-7
4069:978-0-8248-1402-1
4017:978-1-136-98588-1
3960:978-0-8356-0549-6
3871:978-1-119-14466-3
3795:978-1-119-14466-3
3739:978-1-4008-4805-8
3683:978-81-208-1144-7
3615:Paṭisambhidāmagga
3580:Paṭisambhidāmagga
3452:Maha-nidana Sutta
3412:mental formations
3055:is considered to
2679:Bodhisattva-ideal
2638:contemplation on
2531:) to sensations (
2505:viññāṇa • vijñāna
2489:viññāṇa • vijñāna
2322:
2321:
2318:
2308:
2244:
2243:
2161:
2116:
2115:
2080:
2038:
1990:according to the
1936:", since not all
1874:". The wholesome
1111:
1110:
593:Four Noble Truths
466:
465:
119:
118:
99:may also be used.
32:Skandha (Jainism)
16:(Redirected from
8949:
8909:
8908:
8897:
8896:
8736:Sacred languages
8584:Maya Devi Temple
8547:Mahabodhi Temple
8351:Secular Buddhism
8316:Engaged Buddhism
7156:
7004:Tibetan Buddhism
6955:Vietnamese Thiền
6554:Mahāsthāmaprāpta
6505:
6497:
6489:
6481:
6473:
6465:
6457:
6306:
6305:
6293:
6283:
6273:
6266:
6259:
6250:
6195:
6185:
6169:
6166:Buddhist Thought
6158:
6140:
6131:
6109:
6073:
6064:
6036:
6027:
6018:
5983:
5967:
5945:
5925:
5919:
5911:
5909:
5897:
5872:
5871:
5870:
5864:
5849:
5839:
5803:
5769:
5760:
5730:Internet Archive
5725:
5715:
5706:
5685:
5665:
5590:Trungpa, Chögyam
5568:
5520:Nhât Hanh, Thich
5415:. Seattle, WA:
5327:
5290:
5287:
5281:
5278:
5272:
5269:
5263:
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5250:
5244:
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5232:
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5180:
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5134:
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5114:
5108:
5093:
5087:
5081:
5075:
5074:
5062:
5056:
5050:
5044:
5038:
5032:
5026:
5020:
5014:
5008:
5002:
4996:
4990:
4984:
4978:
4972:
4966:
4955:
4949:
4940:
4934:
4923:
4917:
4911:
4908:Frauwallner 1973
4905:
4899:
4893:
4884:
4878:
4867:
4866:
4854:
4848:
4847:
4835:
4829:
4823:
4817:
4811:
4805:
4799:
4790:
4784:
4778:
4772:
4766:
4760:
4754:
4753:
4722:Asian Philosophy
4717:
4708:
4707:, p. 28-29.
4702:
4696:
4690:
4677:
4676:, p. 26-32.
4671:
4665:
4664:
4652:
4643:
4642:
4630:
4624:
4623:
4611:
4605:
4604:
4592:
4581:
4575:
4566:
4564:
4544:
4538:
4537:
4517:
4511:
4505:
4496:
4495:, p. 63–64.
4490:
4481:
4480:, p. 92–93.
4475:
4466:
4453:
4437:
4426:
4403:
4383:
4377:
4370:
4357:
4356:
4336:
4330:
4327:
4321:
4320:
4300:
4294:
4293:
4273:
4267:
4266:
4246:
4240:
4239:
4219:
4213:
4207:
4201:
4198:
4192:
4186:
4180:
4174:
4161:
4155:
4146:
4138:
4127:
4120:
4114:
4107:
4101:
4100:
4080:
4074:
4073:
4053:
4047:
4046:, p. 56-57.
4041:
4022:
4021:
4001:
3992:
3991:
3977:Buddhist Thought
3971:
3965:
3964:
3944:
3938:
3937:
3927:
3921:
3920:
3918:
3894:
3888:
3882:
3876:
3875:
3855:
3846:
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3806:
3800:
3799:
3779:
3773:
3767:
3744:
3743:
3723:
3717:
3711:
3705:
3704:, p. 28–31.
3699:
3688:
3687:
3667:
3647:
3640:
3634:
3623:sabhāvena suññaṃ
3548:
3542:
3511:
3505:
3504:the Heart Sutra.
3501:
3495:
3491:
3485:
3482:paccaya-samudaya
3478:khanika-samudaya
3469:
3463:
3444:
3438:
3432:
3426:
3371:
3365:
3348:
3342:
3306:
3300:
3296:
3290:
3286:
3280:
3276:
3270:
3249:
3243:
3202:
3196:
3185:
3179:
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3170:
3166:
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3138:
3132:
3125:
3119:
3112:
3104:
3098:
3071:
3065:
3049:
3043:
3028:
3022:
3001:
2995:
2993:
2986:
2980:
2976:
2912:Atman (Buddhism)
2885:Trungpa Rinpoche
2870:
2854:
2787:
2778:
2769:
2546:) and clinging (
2544:
2525:
2507:
2491:
2474:Hymn of Creation
2414:
2408:
2314:
2312:
2304:
2292:other aggregates
2276:other aggregates
2230:
2155:mental factors (
2153:
2147:
2143:
2133:
2129:
2093:
2088:
2070:
2059:
2028:
2008:
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1972:
1957:
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1103:
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1073:
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800:Sublime abidings
491:
468:
455:
439:
438:
423:
408:
401:
400:
387:
386:
385:ස්කන්ධ (skandha)
371:
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148:स्कन्ध (skandha)
123:
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52:
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44:
21:
8957:
8956:
8952:
8951:
8950:
8948:
8947:
8946:
8932:Eighteen dhātus
8922:
8921:
8920:
8915:
8903:
8885:
8837:
8752:
8667:
8404:Ordination hall
8365:
8267:
8238:Buddhist crisis
8150:
7847:
7799:Mahayana sutras
7775:
7771:Thích Nhất Hạnh
7602:
7475:
7415:
7365:Bodhisattva vow
7050:
6916:
6856:
6815:Taṇhā (Craving)
6750:Five hindrances
6701:
6593:
6523:
6377:
6322:
6294:
6277:
6239:
6230:Wayback Machine
6222:
6209:
6204:
6199:
6198:
6186:
6182:
6177:
6172:
6163:
6156:
6143:
6134:
6129:
6112:
6076:
6067:
6039:
6030:
6021:
6016:
6001:
5977:
5965:
5948:
5943:
5928:
5912:
5907:
5900:
5895:
5882:
5868:
5866:
5862:
5847:
5842:
5814:
5801:
5786:
5763:
5735:
5709:
5688:
5683:
5668:
5659:
5656:
5565:
5555:The Heart Sutra
5552:
5411:(ed.) (2000a).
5325:
5312:
5304:
5298:
5293:
5288:
5284:
5279:
5275:
5270:
5266:
5257:
5253:
5245:
5241:
5233:
5229:
5224:
5220:
5215:
5211:
5202:
5198:
5190:
5183:
5175:
5171:
5155:
5151:
5135:
5131:
5115:
5111:
5094:
5090:
5082:
5078:
5068:
5063:
5059:
5051:
5047:
5039:
5035:
5027:
5023:
5015:
5011:
5003:
4999:
4991:
4987:
4979:
4975:
4967:
4958:
4950:
4943:
4935:
4926:
4918:
4914:
4906:
4902:
4894:
4887:
4879:
4870:
4860:
4855:
4851:
4841:
4836:
4832:
4824:
4820:
4812:
4808:
4804:, p. 1123.
4800:
4793:
4785:
4781:
4773:
4769:
4765:, p. 1122.
4761:
4757:
4719:
4718:
4711:
4705:Bronkhorst 2009
4703:
4699:
4693:Bronkhorst 2009
4691:
4680:
4674:Bronkhorst 2009
4672:
4668:
4658:
4653:
4646:
4636:
4631:
4627:
4617:
4612:
4608:
4598:
4593:
4584:
4576:
4569:
4561:
4546:
4545:
4541:
4534:
4519:
4518:
4514:
4506:
4499:
4491:
4484:
4476:
4469:
4463:or aggregates".
4450:
4442:–149, 238–239.
4429:
4423:
4406:
4400:
4385:
4384:
4380:
4371:
4360:
4353:
4338:
4337:
4333:
4328:
4324:
4317:
4302:
4301:
4297:
4290:
4275:
4274:
4270:
4263:
4248:
4247:
4243:
4236:
4221:
4220:
4216:
4210:Anicca Buddhism
4208:
4204:
4199:
4195:
4187:
4183:
4175:
4164:
4158:Bronkhorst 2009
4156:
4149:
4139:
4130:
4121:
4117:
4108:
4104:
4097:
4082:
4081:
4077:
4070:
4055:
4054:
4050:
4042:
4025:
4018:
4003:
4002:
3995:
3988:
3987:978-0-415207003
3973:
3972:
3968:
3961:
3946:
3945:
3941:
3929:
3928:
3924:
3896:
3895:
3891:
3883:
3879:
3872:
3857:
3856:
3849:
3832:
3828:
3814:14th Dalai Lama
3808:
3807:
3803:
3796:
3781:
3780:
3776:
3768:
3747:
3740:
3725:
3724:
3720:
3712:
3708:
3702:Bronkhorst 2009
3700:
3691:
3684:
3669:
3668:
3659:
3655:
3650:
3641:
3637:
3608:
3572:
3549:
3545:
3512:
3508:
3502:
3498:
3492:
3488:
3470:
3466:
3445:
3441:
3433:
3429:
3372:
3368:
3349:
3345:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3331:
3329:
3327:
3325:
3323:
3307:
3303:
3297:
3293:
3287:
3283:
3277:
3273:
3250:
3246:
3223:
3221:
3210:upadana-skandha
3203:
3199:
3186:
3182:
3177:
3173:
3167:
3163:
3157:vinnanatthitiyo
3139:
3135:
3126:
3122:
3105:
3101:
3072:
3068:
3050:
3046:
3029:
3025:
3013:Pali literature
3011:)...". In the
3002:
2998:
2987:
2983:
2977:
2970:
2966:
2961:
2902:
2842:Chogyam Trungpa
2827:
2785:
2756:
2687:
2675:
2666:dhammānupassanā
2658:five hindrances
2644:vedanānupassanā
2629:six sense-bases
2597:mindfulness of
2568:
2529:phassa • sparśa
2454:
2448:
2401:
2376:The first five
2356:
2348:Main articles:
2346:
2344:Six sense bases
2316:diagram details
2310:
2286:
2234:
2223:
2218:
2206:
2199:
2194:
2182:
2175:
2170:
2141:
2140:
2138:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2130:
2127:
2126:
2124:
2122:
2120:
2111:
2104:
2099:
2091:
2086:
2073:
2057:
2031:
2030:4 elements
1989:
1980:Five Aggregates
1976:
1970:
1955:
1934:sankharaskandha
1852:gehasita vedana
1797:
1723:
1718:
1616:"consciousness"
1334:
1328:
1262:
1163:14th Dalai Lama
1107:
1067:
1060:
1059:
950:
940:
939:
890:
880:
879:
845:
835:
834:
740:
730:
729:
700:Mahayana Sutras
680:
670:
669:
610:Five Aggregates
588:
587:
567:
566:
557:Later Buddhists
522:
402:
372:
350:
324:
296:
268:
226:
193:
190:ခန္ဓာ (ငါးပါး)။
127:
126:Translations of
115:
109:
106:
100:
88:
82:
78:
76:transliteration
72:
68:
62:
53:
49:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
8955:
8953:
8945:
8944:
8939:
8937:Twelve nidānas
8934:
8924:
8923:
8917:
8916:
8914:
8913:
8901:
8890:
8887:
8886:
8884:
8883:
8878:
8873:
8868:
8863:
8858:
8853:
8847:
8845:
8839:
8838:
8836:
8835:
8830:
8825:
8820:
8815:
8810:
8805:
8800:
8795:
8790:
8785:
8784:
8783:
8778:
8768:
8762:
8760:
8754:
8753:
8751:
8750:
8749:
8748:
8743:
8733:
8728:
8723:
8718:
8713:
8708:
8703:
8698:
8693:
8688:
8683:
8677:
8675:
8669:
8668:
8666:
8665:
8660:
8655:
8654:
8653:
8648:
8643:
8638:
8633:
8623:
8618:
8613:
8608:
8603:
8602:
8601:
8596:
8591:
8586:
8581:
8571:
8566:
8561:
8560:
8559:
8549:
8544:
8539:
8534:
8533:
8532:
8527:
8522:
8517:
8512:
8502:
8497:
8492:
8487:
8482:
8477:
8472:
8471:
8470:
8468:Greco-Buddhist
8460:
8459:
8458:
8453:
8448:
8443:
8438:
8433:
8428:
8423:
8422:
8421:
8419:Burmese pagoda
8411:
8406:
8401:
8396:
8391:
8386:
8375:
8373:
8367:
8366:
8364:
8363:
8358:
8353:
8348:
8343:
8338:
8333:
8328:
8323:
8318:
8313:
8308:
8303:
8298:
8293:
8288:
8283:
8277:
8275:
8269:
8268:
8266:
8265:
8260:
8255:
8250:
8245:
8240:
8235:
8230:
8225:
8220:
8215:
8210:
8209:
8208:
8201:Greco-Buddhism
8198:
8193:
8192:
8191:
8181:
8176:
8171:
8166:
8160:
8158:
8152:
8151:
8149:
8148:
8147:
8146:
8141:
8136:
8134:United Kingdom
8131:
8126:
8121:
8116:
8111:
8106:
8101:
8096:
8091:
8086:
8081:
8079:Czech Republic
8076:
8071:
8066:
8061:
8056:
8046:
8045:
8044:
8039:
8029:
8028:
8027:
8017:
8016:
8015:
8010:
8000:
7995:
7990:
7985:
7980:
7975:
7970:
7969:
7968:
7958:
7953:
7943:
7938:
7933:
7928:
7923:
7918:
7913:
7908:
7903:
7898:
7893:
7888:
7883:
7878:
7873:
7868:
7863:
7857:
7855:
7849:
7848:
7846:
7845:
7843:Abhidharmadīpa
7840:
7833:
7828:
7823:
7816:
7811:
7806:
7801:
7796:
7791:
7785:
7783:
7777:
7776:
7774:
7773:
7768:
7763:
7761:B. R. Ambedkar
7758:
7753:
7748:
7743:
7738:
7733:
7728:
7723:
7718:
7713:
7708:
7703:
7698:
7693:
7688:
7683:
7681:Songtsen Gampo
7678:
7673:
7668:
7663:
7658:
7653:
7648:
7643:
7638:
7633:
7628:
7623:
7618:
7612:
7610:
7604:
7603:
7601:
7600:
7595:
7594:
7593:
7583:
7578:
7573:
7568:
7563:
7558:
7557:
7556:
7546:
7541:
7536:
7531:
7526:
7521:
7516:
7511:
7506:
7501:
7496:
7491:
7485:
7483:
7477:
7476:
7474:
7473:
7472:
7471:
7466:
7461:
7456:
7446:
7441:
7436:
7431:
7425:
7423:
7417:
7416:
7414:
7413:
7408:
7407:
7406:
7396:
7395:
7394:
7389:
7384:
7374:
7373:
7372:
7367:
7362:
7360:Eight precepts
7357:
7347:
7346:
7345:
7340:
7335:
7330:
7320:
7319:
7318:
7308:
7303:
7298:
7297:
7296:
7291:
7286:
7276:
7271:
7266:
7261:
7256:
7255:
7254:
7249:
7239:
7234:
7233:
7232:
7227:
7222:
7217:
7212:
7207:
7202:
7197:
7192:
7187:
7182:
7172:
7167:
7162:
7157:
7148:
7138:
7133:
7131:Five Strengths
7128:
7123:
7118:
7113:
7108:
7103:
7098:
7097:
7096:
7091:
7086:
7081:
7071:
7066:
7060:
7058:
7052:
7051:
7049:
7048:
7043:
7038:
7033:
7028:
7023:
7022:
7021:
7016:
7011:
7006:
6996:
6995:
6994:
6989:
6984:
6979:
6974:
6969:
6964:
6959:
6958:
6957:
6952:
6947:
6942:
6926:
6924:
6918:
6917:
6915:
6914:
6909:
6908:
6907:
6902:
6897:
6892:
6887:
6882:
6872:
6866:
6864:
6858:
6857:
6855:
6854:
6849:
6848:
6847:
6842:
6837:
6827:
6822:
6817:
6812:
6807:
6802:
6797:
6792:
6787:
6782:
6777:
6772:
6770:Mental factors
6767:
6762:
6757:
6752:
6747:
6742:
6737:
6732:
6727:
6722:
6717:
6711:
6709:
6703:
6702:
6700:
6699:
6694:
6689:
6684:
6679:
6674:
6669:
6664:
6659:
6654:
6649:
6644:
6639:
6634:
6629:
6624:
6622:Mahamoggallāna
6619:
6614:
6609:
6603:
6601:
6595:
6594:
6592:
6591:
6586:
6581:
6576:
6571:
6566:
6561:
6556:
6551:
6546:
6545:
6544:
6537:Avalokiteśvara
6533:
6531:
6525:
6524:
6522:
6521:
6516:
6511:
6510:
6509:
6501:
6493:
6485:
6477:
6469:
6461:
6448:
6443:
6438:
6433:
6428:
6423:
6418:
6413:
6408:
6403:
6398:
6393:
6387:
6385:
6379:
6378:
6376:
6375:
6370:
6365:
6360:
6359:
6358:
6353:
6348:
6338:
6332:
6330:
6324:
6323:
6321:
6320:
6315:
6310:
6299:
6296:
6295:
6278:
6276:
6275:
6268:
6261:
6253:
6247:
6246:
6238:
6235:
6234:
6233:
6221:
6218:
6217:
6216:
6208:
6205:
6203:
6202:External links
6200:
6197:
6196:
6179:
6178:
6176:
6173:
6171:
6170:
6161:
6160:
6159:
6154:
6132:
6127:
6110:
6091:10.1086/462628
6085:(3): 185–203,
6074:
6065:
6048:(2): 297–317,
6037:
6028:
6019:
6014:
5999:
5984:
5975:
5968:
5963:
5946:
5941:
5926:
5898:
5893:
5880:
5873:
5840:
5823:(2): 241–259,
5812:
5805:
5799:
5784:
5779:Sue Hamilton.
5777:
5770:
5761:
5733:
5726:isambhidāmagga
5716:
5707:
5686:
5681:
5666:
5655:
5652:
5651:
5650:
5635:
5620:
5605:
5587:
5569:
5563:
5550:
5535:
5517:
5501:
5500:
5496:
5495:
5486:
5471:
5456:
5438:
5428:
5409:Bodhi, Bhikkhu
5405:
5404:
5400:
5399:
5390:
5381:
5371:
5370:
5366:
5365:
5349:
5348:
5344:
5343:
5328:
5323:
5309:
5308:
5303:
5300:
5299:
5297:
5294:
5292:
5291:
5282:
5273:
5264:
5251:
5249:, p. 373.
5239:
5227:
5218:
5209:
5196:
5181:
5169:
5149:
5129:
5109:
5088:
5076:
5057:
5045:
5043:, p. 127.
5033:
5031:, p. 138.
5021:
5009:
4997:
4995:, p. 256.
4985:
4973:
4956:
4941:
4924:
4912:
4900:
4885:
4868:
4849:
4830:
4818:
4806:
4791:
4779:
4767:
4755:
4709:
4697:
4678:
4666:
4657:, p. 148.
4644:
4625:
4616:, p. 150.
4606:
4597:, p. 147.
4582:
4567:
4559:
4539:
4532:
4512:
4497:
4482:
4467:
4465:
4464:
4448:
4427:
4421:
4398:
4378:
4358:
4351:
4331:
4322:
4315:
4295:
4288:
4268:
4261:
4241:
4234:
4214:
4202:
4193:
4181:
4177:MacKenzie 2013
4162:
4147:
4128:
4122:Peter Harvey,
4115:
4102:
4095:
4075:
4068:
4048:
4023:
4016:
3993:
3986:
3966:
3959:
3939:
3922:
3889:
3877:
3870:
3847:
3826:
3801:
3794:
3774:
3745:
3738:
3718:
3706:
3689:
3682:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3648:
3644:Twelve Nidanas
3635:
3592:Nettippakaraṇa
3543:
3506:
3496:
3486:
3464:
3439:
3427:
3425:
3424:
3417:
3416:
3415:
3389:
3388:
3387:
3366:
3350:The Pāli word
3343:
3320:
3312:, also called
3301:
3291:
3281:
3271:
3244:
3197:
3180:
3171:
3161:
3133:
3127:Peter Harvey,
3120:
3099:
3095:discrimination
3066:
3044:
3023:
2996:
2981:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2826:
2823:
2755:
2752:
2691:Prajnaparamita
2686:
2683:
2674:
2671:
2670:
2669:
2654:
2651:cittānupassanā
2647:
2636:
2603:
2602:
2595:
2588:
2581:
2567:
2564:
2559:
2558:
2551:
2536:
2517:
2510:
2458:Twelve Nidanas
2447:
2446:Twelve Nidanas
2444:
2443:
2442:
2437:
2434:
2431:
2400:
2397:
2392:
2391:
2388:
2385:
2345:
2342:
2320:
2319:
2300:
2299:
2298:
2297:
2296:
2295:
2279:
2269:
2254:
2253:
2249:
2248:
2245:
2242:
2241:
2237:
2236:
2214:
2213:
2209:
2208:
2190:
2189:
2185:
2184:
2166:
2165:
2162:
2151:
2144:
2117:
2114:
2113:
2095:
2094:
2089:
2082:
2081:
2068:
2065:
2061:
2060:
2055:
2052:
2048:
2047:
2043:
2042:
2039:
2026:
2022:
2021:
2005:
2001:
2000:
1996:
1995:
1969:
1966:
1932:belong to the
1904:. Unwholesome
1870:belong to the
1796:
1793:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1716:Interpretation
1714:
1713:
1712:
1711:
1710:
1704:
1698:
1612:
1540:
1468:
1408:
1333:
1330:
1261:
1258:
1226:
1225:
1214:
1203:
1192:
1181:
1109:
1108:
1106:
1105:
1098:
1091:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1078:
1077:
1062:
1061:
1058:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1002:
997:
992:
987:
982:
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
951:
946:
945:
942:
941:
938:
937:
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
907:
902:
897:
891:
886:
885:
882:
881:
878:
877:
872:
867:
865:Pratyekabuddha
862:
857:
852:
846:
841:
840:
837:
836:
833:
832:
827:
822:
820:Buddhist chant
817:
812:
807:
802:
797:
792:
787:
782:
777:
772:
767:
762:
757:
752:
747:
741:
736:
735:
732:
731:
728:
727:
722:
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
692:
687:
681:
678:Buddhist texts
676:
675:
672:
671:
668:
667:
662:
657:
652:
647:
642:
637:
632:
627:
622:
617:
612:
607:
606:
605:
595:
589:
586:
585:
580:
574:
573:
572:
569:
568:
565:
564:
559:
554:
549:
544:
539:
534:
529:
523:
518:
517:
514:
513:
512:
511:
506:
501:
493:
492:
484:
483:
477:
476:
464:
463:
457:
456:
447:
441:
440:
431:
425:
424:
417:
411:
410:
395:
389:
388:
381:
375:
374:
365:
359:
358:
343:
337:
336:
315:
309:
308:
287:
281:
280:
259:
253:
252:
245:
239:
238:
212:
206:
205:
186:
180:
179:
172:
166:
165:
162:खन्ध (khandha)
158:
152:
151:
144:
138:
137:
134:
130:
129:
117:
116:
56:
54:
47:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8954:
8943:
8940:
8938:
8935:
8933:
8930:
8929:
8927:
8912:
8907:
8902:
8900:
8892:
8891:
8888:
8882:
8879:
8877:
8874:
8872:
8869:
8867:
8864:
8862:
8859:
8857:
8854:
8852:
8849:
8848:
8846:
8844:
8840:
8834:
8831:
8829:
8826:
8824:
8821:
8819:
8816:
8814:
8811:
8809:
8806:
8804:
8801:
8799:
8796:
8794:
8791:
8789:
8786:
8782:
8779:
8777:
8774:
8773:
8772:
8769:
8767:
8764:
8763:
8761:
8759:
8755:
8747:
8744:
8742:
8739:
8738:
8737:
8734:
8732:
8729:
8727:
8724:
8722:
8719:
8717:
8714:
8712:
8709:
8707:
8704:
8702:
8699:
8697:
8694:
8692:
8689:
8687:
8684:
8682:
8679:
8678:
8676:
8674:
8673:Miscellaneous
8670:
8664:
8663:Vegetarianism
8661:
8659:
8656:
8652:
8649:
8647:
8644:
8642:
8639:
8637:
8634:
8632:
8629:
8628:
8627:
8624:
8622:
8619:
8617:
8614:
8612:
8609:
8607:
8604:
8600:
8597:
8595:
8592:
8590:
8587:
8585:
8582:
8580:
8577:
8576:
8575:
8572:
8570:
8567:
8565:
8562:
8558:
8555:
8554:
8553:
8550:
8548:
8545:
8543:
8540:
8538:
8535:
8531:
8528:
8526:
8523:
8521:
8518:
8516:
8513:
8511:
8508:
8507:
8506:
8503:
8501:
8498:
8496:
8493:
8491:
8488:
8486:
8485:Buddha in art
8483:
8481:
8478:
8476:
8473:
8469:
8466:
8465:
8464:
8461:
8457:
8454:
8452:
8449:
8447:
8444:
8442:
8439:
8437:
8434:
8432:
8429:
8427:
8424:
8420:
8417:
8416:
8415:
8412:
8410:
8407:
8405:
8402:
8400:
8397:
8395:
8392:
8390:
8387:
8385:
8382:
8381:
8380:
8377:
8376:
8374:
8372:
8368:
8362:
8359:
8357:
8354:
8352:
8349:
8347:
8344:
8342:
8339:
8337:
8334:
8332:
8329:
8327:
8324:
8322:
8319:
8317:
8314:
8312:
8309:
8307:
8304:
8302:
8299:
8297:
8294:
8292:
8289:
8287:
8284:
8282:
8279:
8278:
8276:
8274:
8270:
8264:
8261:
8259:
8256:
8254:
8251:
8249:
8246:
8244:
8241:
8239:
8236:
8234:
8231:
8229:
8226:
8224:
8221:
8219:
8216:
8214:
8211:
8207:
8204:
8203:
8202:
8199:
8197:
8194:
8190:
8187:
8186:
8185:
8182:
8180:
8177:
8175:
8172:
8170:
8167:
8165:
8162:
8161:
8159:
8157:
8153:
8145:
8142:
8140:
8139:United States
8137:
8135:
8132:
8130:
8127:
8125:
8122:
8120:
8117:
8115:
8112:
8110:
8107:
8105:
8102:
8100:
8097:
8095:
8092:
8090:
8087:
8085:
8082:
8080:
8077:
8075:
8072:
8070:
8067:
8065:
8062:
8060:
8057:
8055:
8052:
8051:
8050:
8047:
8043:
8040:
8038:
8035:
8034:
8033:
8030:
8026:
8023:
8022:
8021:
8018:
8014:
8011:
8009:
8006:
8005:
8004:
8001:
7999:
7996:
7994:
7991:
7989:
7986:
7984:
7981:
7979:
7976:
7974:
7971:
7966:
7962:
7959:
7957:
7954:
7952:
7949:
7948:
7947:
7944:
7942:
7939:
7937:
7934:
7932:
7929:
7927:
7924:
7922:
7919:
7917:
7914:
7912:
7909:
7907:
7904:
7902:
7899:
7897:
7894:
7892:
7889:
7887:
7884:
7882:
7879:
7877:
7874:
7872:
7869:
7867:
7864:
7862:
7859:
7858:
7856:
7854:
7850:
7844:
7841:
7839:
7838:
7834:
7832:
7829:
7827:
7824:
7822:
7821:
7817:
7815:
7812:
7810:
7807:
7805:
7802:
7800:
7797:
7795:
7792:
7790:
7787:
7786:
7784:
7782:
7778:
7772:
7769:
7767:
7764:
7762:
7759:
7757:
7754:
7752:
7749:
7747:
7744:
7742:
7739:
7737:
7734:
7732:
7729:
7727:
7724:
7722:
7719:
7717:
7714:
7712:
7709:
7707:
7704:
7702:
7699:
7697:
7696:Padmasambhava
7694:
7692:
7689:
7687:
7684:
7682:
7679:
7677:
7674:
7672:
7669:
7667:
7664:
7662:
7659:
7657:
7654:
7652:
7649:
7647:
7644:
7642:
7639:
7637:
7634:
7632:
7629:
7627:
7624:
7622:
7619:
7617:
7614:
7613:
7611:
7609:
7608:Major figures
7605:
7599:
7596:
7592:
7589:
7588:
7587:
7584:
7582:
7579:
7577:
7574:
7572:
7569:
7567:
7564:
7562:
7559:
7555:
7554:Western tulku
7552:
7551:
7550:
7547:
7545:
7542:
7540:
7537:
7535:
7532:
7530:
7527:
7525:
7522:
7520:
7517:
7515:
7512:
7510:
7507:
7505:
7502:
7500:
7497:
7495:
7492:
7490:
7487:
7486:
7484:
7482:
7478:
7470:
7467:
7465:
7462:
7460:
7457:
7455:
7452:
7451:
7450:
7447:
7445:
7442:
7440:
7437:
7435:
7432:
7430:
7427:
7426:
7424:
7422:
7418:
7412:
7409:
7405:
7402:
7401:
7400:
7397:
7393:
7390:
7388:
7385:
7383:
7380:
7379:
7378:
7375:
7371:
7368:
7366:
7363:
7361:
7358:
7356:
7355:Five precepts
7353:
7352:
7351:
7348:
7344:
7341:
7339:
7336:
7334:
7333:Dhamma vicaya
7331:
7329:
7326:
7325:
7324:
7321:
7317:
7314:
7313:
7312:
7309:
7307:
7304:
7302:
7299:
7295:
7292:
7290:
7287:
7285:
7282:
7281:
7280:
7277:
7275:
7272:
7270:
7267:
7265:
7262:
7260:
7257:
7253:
7250:
7248:
7245:
7244:
7243:
7240:
7238:
7235:
7231:
7228:
7226:
7223:
7221:
7218:
7216:
7213:
7211:
7208:
7206:
7203:
7201:
7198:
7196:
7193:
7191:
7188:
7186:
7183:
7180:
7176:
7173:
7171:
7168:
7166:
7163:
7161:
7158:
7155:
7154:
7149:
7147:
7144:
7143:
7142:
7139:
7137:
7134:
7132:
7129:
7127:
7124:
7122:
7119:
7117:
7114:
7112:
7109:
7107:
7104:
7102:
7101:Buddhābhiṣeka
7099:
7095:
7092:
7090:
7087:
7085:
7082:
7080:
7077:
7076:
7075:
7072:
7070:
7067:
7065:
7062:
7061:
7059:
7057:
7053:
7047:
7044:
7042:
7039:
7037:
7034:
7032:
7029:
7027:
7024:
7020:
7017:
7015:
7012:
7010:
7007:
7005:
7002:
7001:
7000:
6997:
6993:
6990:
6988:
6985:
6983:
6980:
6978:
6975:
6973:
6970:
6968:
6965:
6963:
6960:
6956:
6953:
6951:
6948:
6946:
6943:
6941:
6938:
6937:
6936:
6933:
6932:
6931:
6928:
6927:
6925:
6923:
6919:
6913:
6910:
6906:
6903:
6901:
6898:
6896:
6893:
6891:
6888:
6886:
6883:
6881:
6878:
6877:
6876:
6873:
6871:
6868:
6867:
6865:
6863:
6859:
6853:
6850:
6846:
6843:
6841:
6838:
6836:
6833:
6832:
6831:
6828:
6826:
6823:
6821:
6818:
6816:
6813:
6811:
6808:
6806:
6803:
6801:
6798:
6796:
6793:
6791:
6788:
6786:
6783:
6781:
6778:
6776:
6773:
6771:
6768:
6766:
6763:
6761:
6758:
6756:
6753:
6751:
6748:
6746:
6745:Enlightenment
6743:
6741:
6738:
6736:
6735:Dhamma theory
6733:
6731:
6730:Buddha-nature
6728:
6726:
6723:
6721:
6718:
6716:
6713:
6712:
6710:
6708:
6704:
6698:
6695:
6693:
6690:
6688:
6685:
6683:
6680:
6678:
6675:
6673:
6670:
6668:
6665:
6663:
6660:
6658:
6655:
6653:
6650:
6648:
6645:
6643:
6640:
6638:
6635:
6633:
6630:
6628:
6625:
6623:
6620:
6618:
6615:
6613:
6610:
6608:
6605:
6604:
6602:
6600:
6596:
6590:
6587:
6585:
6582:
6580:
6577:
6575:
6572:
6570:
6569:Samantabhadra
6567:
6565:
6562:
6560:
6557:
6555:
6552:
6550:
6547:
6543:
6540:
6539:
6538:
6535:
6534:
6532:
6530:
6526:
6520:
6517:
6515:
6512:
6508:
6502:
6500:
6494:
6492:
6486:
6484:
6478:
6476:
6470:
6468:
6462:
6460:
6454:
6453:
6452:
6449:
6447:
6444:
6442:
6439:
6437:
6434:
6432:
6429:
6427:
6424:
6422:
6419:
6417:
6414:
6412:
6409:
6407:
6404:
6402:
6399:
6397:
6394:
6392:
6389:
6388:
6386:
6384:
6380:
6374:
6371:
6369:
6366:
6364:
6361:
6357:
6354:
6352:
6349:
6347:
6344:
6343:
6342:
6339:
6337:
6334:
6333:
6331:
6329:
6325:
6319:
6316:
6314:
6311:
6309:
6301:
6300:
6297:
6292:
6287:
6282:
6274:
6269:
6267:
6262:
6260:
6255:
6254:
6251:
6244:
6241:
6240:
6236:
6231:
6227:
6224:
6223:
6219:
6214:
6211:
6210:
6206:
6201:
6194:
6190:
6184:
6181:
6174:
6167:
6162:
6157:
6151:
6147:
6142:
6141:
6138:
6133:
6130:
6124:
6120:
6116:
6111:
6108:
6104:
6100:
6096:
6092:
6088:
6084:
6080:
6075:
6071:
6066:
6063:
6059:
6055:
6051:
6047:
6043:
6038:
6034:
6029:
6025:
6020:
6017:
6011:
6007:
6006:
6000:
5997:
5996:0-500-81032-X
5993:
5989:
5985:
5981:
5976:
5973:
5969:
5966:
5960:
5956:
5952:
5947:
5944:
5938:
5934:
5933:
5927:
5923:
5917:
5906:
5905:
5899:
5896:
5890:
5887:, Routledge,
5886:
5881:
5878:
5874:
5865:on 2015-04-09
5861:
5857:
5853:
5846:
5841:
5838:
5834:
5830:
5826:
5822:
5818:
5813:
5810:
5806:
5802:
5796:
5792:
5791:
5785:
5782:
5778:
5775:
5771:
5767:
5762:
5759:
5755:
5751:
5747:
5743:
5739:
5734:
5731:
5727:
5724:
5717:
5713:
5708:
5704:
5700:
5696:
5694:
5687:
5684:
5678:
5674:
5673:
5667:
5663:
5658:
5657:
5653:
5648:
5647:1-57062-957-9
5644:
5640:
5636:
5633:
5632:1-57062-764-9
5629:
5625:
5621:
5618:
5617:1-57062-466-6
5614:
5610:
5606:
5603:
5602:0-87773-084-9
5599:
5595:
5591:
5588:
5585:
5584:0-8021-3065-8
5581:
5577:
5573:
5570:
5566:
5564:1-59376-009-4
5560:
5556:
5551:
5548:
5547:0-7679-0369-2
5544:
5540:
5536:
5533:
5532:0-938077-11-2
5529:
5525:
5521:
5518:
5515:
5514:1-59030-059-9
5511:
5507:
5503:
5502:
5498:
5497:
5493:
5492:
5487:
5484:
5483:955-24-0256-5
5480:
5476:
5472:
5469:
5468:955-24-0167-4
5465:
5461:
5457:
5454:
5453:1-928706-00-2
5450:
5446:
5442:
5439:
5436:
5433:
5429:
5426:
5425:1-928706-02-9
5422:
5418:
5414:
5410:
5407:
5406:
5402:
5401:
5397:
5396:
5391:
5388:
5387:
5382:
5379:
5378:
5373:
5372:
5369:Single sutras
5368:
5367:
5363:
5362:0-86171-491-1
5359:
5355:
5351:
5350:
5346:
5345:
5341:
5340:0-86171-072-X
5337:
5333:
5329:
5326:
5320:
5316:
5311:
5310:
5306:
5305:
5301:
5295:
5286:
5283:
5277:
5274:
5268:
5265:
5261:
5255:
5252:
5248:
5243:
5240:
5236:
5231:
5228:
5222:
5219:
5213:
5210:
5206:
5205:Red Pine 2004
5200:
5197:
5193:
5192:Red Pine 2004
5188:
5186:
5182:
5178:
5173:
5170:
5166:
5162:
5160:
5153:
5150:
5146:
5142:
5140:
5133:
5130:
5126:
5122:
5120:
5113:
5110:
5106:
5102:
5101:kāyagatā-sati
5098:
5092:
5089:
5085:
5080:
5077:
5072:
5067:, p. 46.
5066:
5065:Williams 2000
5061:
5058:
5054:
5053:Boisvert 1995
5049:
5046:
5042:
5041:Boisvert 1995
5037:
5034:
5030:
5029:Gombrich 2009
5025:
5022:
5018:
5017:Boisvert 1995
5013:
5010:
5006:
5001:
4998:
4994:
4989:
4986:
4982:
4977:
4974:
4970:
4965:
4963:
4961:
4957:
4953:
4952:Gombrich 2009
4948:
4946:
4942:
4938:
4937:Bucknell 1999
4933:
4931:
4929:
4925:
4921:
4920:Schumann 1997
4916:
4913:
4909:
4904:
4901:
4897:
4896:Jurewicz 2000
4892:
4890:
4886:
4882:
4877:
4875:
4873:
4869:
4864:
4858:
4853:
4850:
4845:
4839:
4834:
4831:
4827:
4822:
4819:
4815:
4810:
4807:
4803:
4798:
4796:
4792:
4788:
4783:
4780:
4776:
4771:
4768:
4764:
4759:
4756:
4751:
4747:
4743:
4739:
4735:
4731:
4727:
4723:
4716:
4714:
4710:
4706:
4701:
4698:
4695:, p. 27.
4694:
4689:
4687:
4685:
4683:
4679:
4675:
4670:
4667:
4662:
4656:
4655:Boisvert 2005
4651:
4649:
4645:
4640:
4634:
4633:Boisvert 2005
4629:
4626:
4621:
4615:
4614:Bosivert 2005
4610:
4607:
4602:
4596:
4595:Boisvert 2005
4591:
4589:
4587:
4583:
4579:
4574:
4572:
4568:
4562:
4556:
4552:
4551:
4543:
4540:
4535:
4529:
4525:
4524:
4516:
4513:
4509:
4508:Red Pine 2004
4504:
4502:
4498:
4494:
4489:
4487:
4483:
4479:
4474:
4472:
4468:
4462:
4457:
4451:
4445:
4441:
4436:
4435:
4428:
4424:
4418:
4414:
4410:
4405:
4404:
4401:
4395:
4391:
4390:
4382:
4379:
4375:
4369:
4367:
4365:
4363:
4359:
4354:
4348:
4344:
4343:
4335:
4332:
4326:
4323:
4318:
4312:
4308:
4307:
4299:
4296:
4291:
4285:
4281:
4280:
4272:
4269:
4264:
4258:
4254:
4253:
4245:
4242:
4237:
4231:
4227:
4226:
4218:
4215:
4211:
4206:
4203:
4197:
4194:
4191:, p. 56.
4190:
4185:
4182:
4178:
4173:
4171:
4169:
4167:
4163:
4160:, p. 28.
4159:
4154:
4152:
4148:
4145:
4144:
4137:
4135:
4133:
4129:
4125:
4119:
4116:
4112:
4106:
4103:
4098:
4092:
4088:
4087:
4079:
4076:
4071:
4065:
4061:
4060:
4052:
4049:
4045:
4040:
4038:
4036:
4034:
4032:
4030:
4028:
4024:
4019:
4013:
4009:
4008:
4000:
3998:
3994:
3989:
3983:
3979:
3978:
3970:
3967:
3962:
3956:
3952:
3951:
3943:
3940:
3935:
3934:
3926:
3923:
3917:
3912:
3908:
3904:
3900:
3893:
3890:
3886:
3881:
3878:
3873:
3867:
3863:
3862:
3854:
3852:
3848:
3843:
3837:
3829:
3827:0-670-85886-2
3823:
3819:
3815:
3811:
3805:
3802:
3797:
3791:
3787:
3786:
3778:
3775:
3772:, p. 55.
3771:
3766:
3764:
3762:
3760:
3758:
3756:
3754:
3752:
3750:
3746:
3741:
3735:
3731:
3730:
3722:
3719:
3716:, p. 57.
3715:
3710:
3707:
3703:
3698:
3696:
3694:
3690:
3685:
3679:
3675:
3674:
3666:
3664:
3662:
3658:
3652:
3645:
3639:
3636:
3632:
3628:
3624:
3620:
3616:
3612:
3606:
3605:
3600:
3599:
3594:
3593:
3588:
3587:
3582:
3581:
3576:
3570:
3565:
3561:
3557:
3553:
3547:
3544:
3540:
3536:
3532:
3528:
3524:
3520:
3519:Red Pine 2004
3516:
3510:
3507:
3500:
3497:
3490:
3487:
3483:
3479:
3475:
3468:
3465:
3461:
3457:
3453:
3449:
3443:
3440:
3437:
3431:
3428:
3422:
3421:consciousness
3418:
3413:
3409:
3405:
3401:
3397:
3396:
3394:
3390:
3385:
3384:consciousness
3381:
3380:
3378:
3374:
3373:
3370:
3367:
3363:
3362:
3357:
3353:
3347:
3344:
3341:
3337:
3319:
3315:
3311:
3305:
3302:
3295:
3292:
3285:
3282:
3275:
3272:
3268:
3264:
3263:
3258:
3254:
3248:
3245:
3240:
3236:
3232:
3227:
3219:
3215:
3211:
3207:
3201:
3198:
3194:
3190:
3184:
3181:
3175:
3172:
3165:
3162:
3158:
3154:
3150:
3146:
3142:
3137:
3134:
3130:
3124:
3121:
3117:
3113:
3111:
3103:
3100:
3097:is preferred.
3096:
3092:
3088:
3084:
3080:
3076:
3070:
3067:
3062:
3058:
3054:
3048:
3045:
3041:
3037:
3033:
3027:
3024:
3020:
3019:
3014:
3010:
3006:
3000:
2997:
2992:
2985:
2982:
2975:
2973:
2969:
2963:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2904:
2899:
2896:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:According to
2881:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2869:
2863:
2859:
2855:
2853:
2847:
2843:
2838:
2836:
2832:
2824:
2822:
2820:
2816:
2815:Buddha-nature
2812:
2806:
2801:
2799:
2795:
2791:
2783:
2779:
2773:
2765:
2761:
2753:
2751:
2749:
2745:
2740:
2738:
2734:
2731:, written by
2730:
2726:
2722:
2717:
2715:
2711:
2706:
2704:
2700:
2696:
2692:
2684:
2682:
2680:
2672:
2667:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2652:
2648:
2645:
2641:
2637:
2634:
2633:kāyānupassanā
2630:
2626:
2625:
2624:
2622:
2618:
2617:
2612:
2608:
2600:
2596:
2593:
2589:
2586:
2582:
2579:
2578:
2577:
2575:
2574:
2565:
2563:
2556:
2552:
2549:
2545:
2543:
2542:taṇhā • tṛṣṇā
2537:
2534:
2530:
2526:
2524:
2518:
2515:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2500:
2496:
2495:
2494:
2492:
2490:
2482:
2480:
2476:
2475:
2469:
2467:
2463:
2459:
2453:
2445:
2441:
2438:
2435:
2432:
2429:
2428:
2427:
2425:
2421:
2416:
2413:
2407:
2403:The eighteen
2398:
2396:
2389:
2386:
2383:
2379:
2375:
2374:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2367:Bhikkhu Bodhi
2365:According to
2363:
2361:
2355:
2351:
2343:
2341:
2339:
2335:
2331:
2327:
2317:
2307:
2301:
2293:
2289:
2288:Consciousness
2284:
2280:
2277:
2273:
2272:Consciousness
2270:
2267:
2263:
2260:
2259:
2258:
2257:
2255:
2250:
2238:
2233:
2231:
2229:
2222:
2216:
2215:
2211:
2210:
2205:
2203:
2198:
2192:
2191:
2187:
2186:
2181:
2179:
2174:
2168:
2167:
2160:
2158:
2152:
2148:
2145:
2118:
2110:
2108:
2103:
2102:consciousness
2096:
2083:
2079:
2077:
2062:
2049:
2044:
2037:
2035:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2014:
2009:
2006:
2002:
1997:
1993:
1986:
1985:pañca khandha
1982:
1981:
1973:
1967:
1965:
1963:
1962:
1953:
1948:
1946:
1941:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1925:
1919:
1917:
1911:
1909:
1903:
1902:sanna-skandha
1899:
1898:
1893:
1892:
1887:
1886:
1881:
1879:
1873:
1872:sanna-skandha
1869:
1867:
1861:
1859:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1825:
1824:
1817:
1813:
1811:
1806:
1802:
1799:According to
1794:
1792:
1790:
1786:
1781:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1762:
1760:
1759:
1754:
1753:
1748:
1744:
1739:
1736:
1731:
1729:
1720:
1715:
1708:
1705:
1702:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1690:
1685:
1684:
1682:
1680:
1674:
1666:
1664:
1658:
1650:
1648:
1642:
1634:
1632:
1626:
1618:
1617:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1602:
1594:
1592:
1586:
1578:
1576:
1570:
1562:
1560:
1554:
1546:
1545:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1530:
1522:
1520:
1514:
1506:
1504:
1498:
1490:
1488:
1482:
1474:
1473:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1458:
1450:
1448:
1442:
1434:
1432:
1426:
1418:
1414:
1413:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1397:
1392:
1384:
1382:
1376:
1368:
1366:
1360:
1352:
1348:
1347:
1343:
1342:
1341:
1339:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1317:
1311:
1306:
1302:
1299:
1293:
1288:
1282:
1276:
1270:
1266:
1259:
1257:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1222:
1221:
1216:discernment (
1215:
1211:
1210:
1204:
1200:
1199:
1194:perceptions (
1193:
1189:
1188:
1182:
1178:
1177:
1171:
1170:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1160:
1159:
1158:Sarvāstivādin
1153:
1150:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1131:
1125:
1121:
1120:
1118:
1104:
1099:
1097:
1092:
1090:
1085:
1084:
1082:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1065:
1064:
1063:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
981:
978:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
952:
949:
944:
943:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
901:
898:
896:
893:
892:
889:
884:
883:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
847:
844:
839:
838:
831:
830:Vegetarianism
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
801:
798:
796:
793:
791:
788:
786:
785:Recollections
783:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
755:Five precepts
753:
751:
748:
746:
743:
742:
739:
734:
733:
726:
723:
721:
720:Chinese canon
718:
716:
715:Tibetan canon
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
682:
679:
674:
673:
666:
663:
661:
658:
656:
653:
651:
648:
646:
643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
626:
623:
621:
618:
616:
613:
611:
608:
604:
601:
600:
599:
596:
594:
591:
590:
584:
581:
579:
576:
575:
571:
570:
563:
560:
558:
555:
553:
550:
548:
545:
543:
540:
538:
535:
533:
530:
528:
525:
524:
521:
516:
515:
510:
507:
505:
502:
500:
497:
496:
495:
494:
490:
486:
485:
482:
478:
474:
470:
469:
462:
458:
454:
453:
448:
446:
442:
437:
432:
430:
426:
422:
418:
416:
412:
407:
396:
394:
390:
382:
380:
376:
366:
364:
360:
355:
344:
342:
338:
333:
328:
321:
316:
314:
310:
305:
300:
293:
288:
286:
282:
277:
272:
265:
260:
258:
254:
250:
246:
244:
240:
235:
230:
222:
218:
213:
211:
207:
202:
197:
187:
185:
181:
173:
171:
167:
159:
157:
153:
145:
143:
139:
135:
131:
124:
121:
113:
103:
98:
94:
87:
77:
67:
60:
55:
46:
45:
40:
33:
19:
8851:Bodhisattvas
8771:Christianity
8766:Baháʼí Faith
8631:Dharmachakra
8621:Prayer wheel
8611:Prayer beads
8379:Architecture
8258:969 Movement
8042:Saudi Arabia
8020:Central Asia
8013:South Africa
7835:
7818:
7751:Panchen Lama
7656:Buddhapālita
7252:Satipatthana
7247:Mindful Yoga
7160:Recollection
7074:Brahmavihara
6945:Japanese Zen
6940:Chinese Chan
6900:Animal realm
6804:
6707:Key concepts
6529:Bodhisattvas
6341:Three Jewels
6183:
6165:
6145:
6136:
6118:
6082:
6078:
6069:
6045:
6041:
6032:
6023:
6004:
5988:Sacred Tibet
5987:
5979:
5971:
5954:
5931:
5903:
5884:
5876:
5867:, retrieved
5860:the original
5855:
5851:
5820:
5816:
5808:
5789:
5780:
5773:
5765:
5741:
5737:
5719:
5711:
5702:
5698:
5692:
5671:
5661:
5638:
5623:
5608:
5593:
5575:
5554:
5538:
5523:
5505:
5489:
5474:
5459:
5444:
5431:
5412:
5393:
5384:
5375:
5353:
5331:
5314:
5307:Sutta Pitaka
5285:
5276:
5267:
5259:
5254:
5247:Swanson 1993
5242:
5230:
5221:
5212:
5199:
5194:, p. 2.
5172:
5165:dharma-smṛti
5164:
5157:
5152:
5144:
5137:
5132:
5125:vedanā-smṛti
5124:
5117:
5112:
5104:
5100:
5096:
5091:
5079:
5060:
5048:
5036:
5024:
5012:
5000:
4988:
4976:
4915:
4903:
4881:Shulman 2007
4859:, p. 6.
4852:
4833:
4821:
4809:
4782:
4770:
4758:
4725:
4721:
4700:
4669:
4628:
4609:
4549:
4542:
4522:
4515:
4510:, p. 9.
4460:
4455:
4433:
4412:
4388:
4381:
4373:
4341:
4334:
4325:
4305:
4298:
4278:
4271:
4251:
4244:
4224:
4217:
4205:
4196:
4184:
4142:
4123:
4118:
4105:
4085:
4078:
4058:
4051:
4006:
3976:
3969:
3949:
3942:
3932:
3925:
3906:
3902:
3892:
3880:
3860:
3818:Viking Press
3809:
3804:
3784:
3777:
3728:
3721:
3709:
3672:
3638:
3630:
3626:
3622:
3618:
3614:
3610:
3602:
3598:Milindapañha
3596:
3590:
3586:Peṭakopadesa
3584:
3578:
3574:
3568:
3563:
3559:
3555:
3554:(Pali; Skt:
3551:
3546:
3538:
3534:
3526:
3522:
3514:
3509:
3499:
3489:
3481:
3477:
3473:
3467:
3451:
3442:
3430:
3420:
3411:
3407:
3403:
3399:
3392:
3383:
3376:
3369:
3359:
3355:
3351:
3346:
3339:
3321:
3317:
3313:
3309:
3304:
3299:liberation."
3294:
3284:
3274:
3266:
3260:
3256:
3252:
3247:
3238:
3234:
3230:
3225:
3217:
3213:
3209:
3200:
3183:
3174:
3164:
3156:
3144:
3136:
3128:
3123:
3115:
3107:
3102:
3094:
3090:
3086:
3082:
3078:
3074:
3069:
3060:
3056:
3052:
3047:
3035:
3031:
3026:
3016:
3008:
3004:
2999:
2984:
2893:
2889:
2882:
2873:
2865:
2857:
2849:
2839:
2828:
2808:
2803:
2781:
2775:
2757:
2741:
2737:Sarvastivada
2718:
2707:
2698:
2688:
2676:
2665:
2650:
2643:
2632:
2620:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2604:
2571:
2569:
2566:Satipatthana
2560:
2554:
2547:
2539:
2532:
2528:
2520:
2513:
2502:
2498:
2486:
2483:
2472:
2470:
2465:
2455:
2423:
2420:Sutta Pitaka
2417:
2402:
2393:
2381:
2377:
2371:
2364:
2359:
2357:
2323:
2313:
2309:
2274:arises from
2225:
2220:
2201:
2196:
2177:
2172:
2156:
2106:
2101:
2075:
2033:
2016:
2012:
1984:
1979:
1978:
1960:
1951:
1949:
1942:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1921:
1913:
1905:
1901:
1895:
1889:
1883:
1875:
1871:
1863:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1821:
1818:
1814:
1809:
1798:
1788:
1784:
1782:
1770:Sarvastivada
1765:
1763:
1756:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1740:
1734:
1732:
1727:
1724:
1706:
1700:
1686:
1676:
1668:
1660:
1652:
1644:
1636:
1628:
1620:
1614:
1604:
1596:
1588:
1580:
1572:
1564:
1556:
1548:
1542:
1532:
1524:
1516:
1508:
1500:
1492:
1484:
1476:
1472:"perception"
1470:
1460:
1452:
1444:
1436:
1428:
1420:
1419:(Skt., Pāli
1416:
1410:
1400:
1386:
1378:
1370:
1362:
1354:
1353:(Skt., Pāli
1350:
1344:
1335:
1327:
1303:
1277:
1264:
1263:
1242:extinguished
1227:
1167:
1156:
1154:
1143:
1127:
1114:
1113:
1112:
780:Merit making
745:Three Jewels
685:Buddhavacana
615:Impermanence
609:
603:Dharma wheel
304:pănhchăkkhăn
120:
107:
93:ISO 639 code
89:}}
83:{{
79:}}
73:{{
69:}}
63:{{
58:
8696:Dharma talk
8525:Asalha Puja
8321:Eschatology
8124:Switzerland
8104:New Zealand
8032:Middle East
7941:Philippines
7861:Afghanistan
7666:Bodhidharma
7651:Buddhaghosa
7571:Householder
7481:Monasticism
7434:Bodhisattva
7289:Prostration
7242:Mindfulness
7170:Anapanasati
7153:Kammaṭṭhāna
6950:Korean Seon
6890:Asura realm
6885:Human realm
6825:Ten Fetters
6780:Parinirvana
6682:Uppalavanna
6647:Mahākaccana
6632:Mahākassapa
6564:Kṣitigarbha
6559:Ākāśagarbha
6456:Suddhodāna
6401:Four sights
6328:Foundations
6175:Web-sources
6168:, Routledge
5441:Buddhaghosa
5145:citta-smṛti
5005:Wayman 1971
4993:Wayman 1990
4981:Wayman 1984
4857:Bodhi 2000a
4838:Bodhi 2000a
4826:Bodhi 2000b
4814:Bodhi 2000b
4802:Bodhi 2000b
4775:Bodhi 2000b
4763:Bodhi 2000b
4728:(1): 5–20.
4578:Gethin 1986
4189:Harvey 2013
4044:Harvey 2013
3770:Harvey 2013
3714:Harvey 2013
3604:Buddhavaṃsa
3562:, the term
3537:(Sanskrit,
3334:"No, lord."
3324:"No, lord."
3206:Noble Truth
3051:Generally,
2952:Ti-lakkhana
2798:D.T. Suzuki
2782:nothingness
2710:Heart Sutra
2424:paramatthas
1928:, "not all
1412:"sensation"
1332:Description
1292:Rhys Davids
1232:tradition,
1015:New Zealand
870:Bodhisattva
855:Four Stages
810:Monasticism
790:Mindfulness
760:Perfections
690:Early Texts
8926:Categories
8813:Psychology
8793:Gnosticism
8781:Comparison
8776:Influences
8758:Comparison
8641:Bhavacakra
8599:Kushinagar
8574:Pilgrimage
8520:Māgha Pūjā
8475:Bodhi Tree
8291:Buddhology
8281:Abhidharma
8273:Philosophy
8206:Menander I
8074:Costa Rica
8025:Uzbekistan
7866:Bangladesh
7820:Dhammapada
7804:Pali Canon
7766:Ajahn Chah
7746:Dalai Lama
7646:Kumārajīva
7641:Vasubandhu
7616:The Buddha
7524:Zen master
7459:Sakadagami
7439:Buddhahood
7370:Pratimokṣa
7185:Shikantaza
7141:Meditation
7116:Deity yoga
6987:Madhyamaka
6880:Deva realm
6775:Mindstream
6725:Bodhicitta
6637:Aṅgulimāla
6504:Devadatta
6480:Yaśodharā
6383:The Buddha
6373:Middle Way
6189:Pāli canon
5869:2019-01-01
5811:Routledge.
5177:Polak 2011
5105:kāya-smṛti
4969:Jones 2009
3653:References
3515:"Svabhava"
3408:perception
3093:)), hence
3087:conception
3075:perception
3007:, Tibetan
2805:definable.
2725:Middle Way
2721:Madhyamaka
2621:samskharas
2523:saḷāyatana
2450:See also:
2354:Ṣaḍāyatana
2336:, but the
2330:Abhidharma
2197:perception
1992:Pali Canon
1801:Thanissaro
1338:Pali Canon
888:Traditions
825:Pilgrimage
765:Meditation
725:Post-canon
705:Pāli Canon
635:Middle Way
532:The Buddha
445:Vietnamese
292:បញ្ចក្ខន្ធ
243:Indonesian
8881:Festivals
8861:Buddhists
8823:Theosophy
8626:Symbolism
8616:Hama yumi
8589:Bodh Gaya
8356:Socialism
8331:Evolution
8306:Economics
8144:Venezuela
8059:Australia
8054:Argentina
7978:Sri Lanka
7973:Singapore
7891:Indonesia
7853:Countries
7794:Tripiṭaka
7756:Ajahn Mun
7631:Nagarjuna
7626:Aśvaghoṣa
7509:Anagārika
7504:Śrāmaṇerī
7499:Śrāmaṇera
7494:Bhikkhunī
7454:Sotāpanna
7343:Passaddhi
7284:Offerings
7259:Nekkhamma
7136:Iddhipada
7056:Practices
7026:Theravada
6999:Vajrayana
6992:Yogachara
6962:Pure Land
6875:Six Paths
6862:Cosmology
6642:Anuruddha
6617:Sāriputta
6607:Kaundinya
6599:Disciples
6574:Vajrapāṇi
6426:Footprint
6391:Tathāgata
6237:Vajrayana
6207:Theravada
6107:161507469
5837:145413087
5768:, Equinox
5758:170833425
5695:Doctrine"
5097:kāya-sati
5084:Kuan 2008
4750:142533789
4742:0955-2367
4478:Ruhe 2005
3903:SAGE Open
3836:cite book
3573:The term
3361:catudhātu
3091:a concept
3079:pratyakṣa
3040:Nhat Hanh
3018:nāma-rūpa
3005:nāma-rūpa
2917:Nagarjuna
2878:dualistic
2846:ignorance
2835:mahamudra
2733:Nagarjuna
2714:emptiness
2514:nāma-rūpa
2221:formation
2034:mahābhūta
1758:Tathagata
1583:འདུ་བྱེད།
1417:"feeling"
1260:Etymology
1234:suffering
1230:Theravada
1035:Sri Lanka
1025:Singapore
980:Indonesia
920:Vajrayāna
895:Theravāda
850:Awakening
738:Practices
695:Tripiṭaka
665:Cosmology
640:Emptiness
620:Suffering
341:Mongolian
110:July 2020
8899:Category
8828:Violence
8798:Hinduism
8746:Sanskrit
8701:Hinayana
8686:Amitābha
8646:Swastika
8515:Uposatha
8505:Holidays
8490:Calendar
8336:Humanism
8174:Kanishka
8164:Timeline
7988:Thailand
7956:Kalmykia
7951:Buryatia
7936:Pakistan
7921:Mongolia
7916:Maldives
7911:Malaysia
7876:Cambodia
7741:Shamarpa
7736:Nichiren
7686:Xuanzang
7621:Nagasena
7539:Rinpoche
7269:Pāramitā
7111:Devotion
7031:Navayana
7019:Dzogchen
6982:Nichiren
6930:Mahayana
6922:Branches
6800:Saṅkhāra
6549:Mañjuśrī
6506:(cousin)
6498:(cousin)
6466:(mother)
6458:(father)
6446:Miracles
6396:Birthday
6313:Glossary
6286:Buddhism
6220:Mahayana
6062:59132368
5916:citation
5592:(1976).
5574:(1960).
5522:(1988).
5499:Mahayana
5235:Lai 2003
4493:Loy 2009
4461:skandhas
3631:svabhāva
3601:and the
3556:svabhāva
3527:svabhava
3257:skandhas
3253:skandhas
3226:skandhas
3218:skandhas
3116:samskara
3110:saṅkhāra
2942:Shunyata
2932:Sankhāra
2900:See also
2856:; Skt.,
2794:Absolute
2790:relative
2744:Yogacara
2699:reaction
2611:upassanā
2607:upassanā
2573:upassanā
2462:Buddhist
2382:internal
2378:external
2228:saṅkhāra
2157:cetasika
1952:khandhas
1938:sankhara
1930:sankhara
1836:niramisa
1810:skandhas
1774:Hinduism
1766:skandhas
1747:skandhas
1655:རྣམ་ཤེས།
1651:), Tib.
1635:), Pāli
1591:'du.byed
1579:), Tib.
1575:saṅkhāra
1563:), Pāli
1559:saṃskāra
1519:'du shes
1511:འདུ་ཤེས།
1507:), Tib.
1491:), Pāli
1447:tshor ba
1435:); Tib.
1369:); Tib.
1351:"matter"
1307:renders
1269:Sanskrit
1246:Mahayana
1209:sanskara
1140:Buddhism
1130:khandhas
1124:Sanskrit
1117:Skandhas
1045:Thailand
1005:Mongolia
1000:Malaysia
965:Cambodia
930:Navayana
910:Hinayana
905:Mahāyāna
815:Lay life
645:Morality
625:Not-self
583:Concepts
542:Councils
527:Timeline
499:Glossary
481:Buddhism
473:a series
471:Part of
406:phung po
354:tsogtsas
257:Japanese
142:Sanskrit
8876:Temples
8856:Buddhas
8818:Science
8808:Judaism
8803:Jainism
8721:Lineage
8681:Abhijñā
8651:Thangka
8594:Sarnath
8579:Lumbini
8500:Funeral
8495:Cuisine
8371:Culture
8346:Reality
8296:Creator
8286:Atomism
8156:History
8129:Ukraine
8089:Germany
8008:Senegal
7998:Vietnam
7926:Myanmar
7726:Shinran
7716:Karmapa
7691:Shandao
7661:Dignāga
7586:Śrāvaka
7566:Donchee
7561:Kappiya
7519:Sayadaw
7489:Bhikkhu
7464:Anāgāmi
7421:Nirvana
7387:Samadhi
7274:Paritta
7215:Tonglen
7210:Mandala
7165:Smarana
7146:Mantras
7094:Upekkha
7064:Bhavana
7014:Shingon
6967:Tiantai
6820:Tathātā
6810:Śūnyatā
6805:Skandha
6795:Saṃsāra
6790:Rebirth
6765:Kleshas
6755:Indriya
6657:Subhūti
6542:Guanyin
6496:Ānanda
6488:Rāhula
6368:Nirvana
6308:Outline
6228:at the
6099:1062009
6035:, Asoka
5296:Sources
5163:; Skt.
5143:; Skt.
5123:; Skt.
5103:; Skt.
5095:(Pāli:
3885:Skandha
3627:sabhāva
3613:in the
3611:sabhāva
3575:sabhāva
3569:dhammas
3564:sabhāva
3552:sabhāva
3539:"atman"
3474:origin,
3404:feeling
3239:skandha
3189:Nikayas
2991:skandha
2927:Samsara
2872:; Skt.
2864:(Pali,
2848:(Pali,
2800:notes:
2764:Chinese
2660:to the
2640:vedanās
2599:dhammās
2548:upādāna
2440:Nibbāna
2350:Ayatana
2283:Contact
2173:feeling
2107:viññāna
2072:contact
2015: (
1961:Nibbāna
1823:samsara
1789:skandha
1785:skandha
1778:Jainism
1735:skandha
1728:skandha
1689:Nikayas
1687:In the
1667:); Ch.
1647:viññāṇa
1639:विञ्ञाण
1631:vijñāna
1623:विज्ञान
1595:); Ch.
1551:संस्कार
1523:); Ch.
1451:); Ch.
1385:); Ch.
1322:ཕུང་པོ།
1316:skandha
1310:skandha
1298:skandha
1287:Kkhanda
1281:Khandha
1265:Skandha
1228:In the
1220:vijnana
1055:Vietnam
1010:Myanmar
925:Tibetan
915:Chinese
843:Nirvāṇa
660:Saṃsāra
655:Rebirth
520:History
509:Outline
452:Ngũ uẩn
421:skandha
415:Tagalog
399:ཕུང་པོ་
393:Tibetan
379:Sinhala
369:ၶၼ်ႇထႃႇ
210:Chinese
201:kʰàɰ̃dà
184:Burmese
170:Bengali
133:English
128:skandha
102:See why
18:Khandha
8871:Sutras
8866:Suttas
8731:Siddhi
8716:Koliya
8691:Brahmā
8606:Poetry
8552:Mantra
8542:Kasaya
8414:Pagoda
8394:Kyaung
8389:Vihāra
8384:Temple
8326:Ethics
8169:Ashoka
8119:Sweden
8114:Poland
8109:Norway
8099:Mexico
8084:France
8069:Canada
8064:Brazil
8003:Africa
7983:Taiwan
7946:Russia
7871:Bhutan
7831:Vinaya
7711:Naropa
7701:Saraha
7636:Asanga
7392:Prajñā
7301:Refuge
7264:Nianfo
7225:Tertön
7220:Tantra
7205:Ganana
7195:Tukdam
7121:Dhyāna
7089:Mudita
7084:Karuṇā
6977:Risshū
6972:Huayan
6905:Naraka
6845:Anattā
6840:Dukkha
6835:Anicca
6740:Dharma
6692:Channa
6627:Ānanda
6612:Assaji
6579:Skanda
6482:(wife)
6451:Family
6431:Relics
6356:Sangha
6351:Dharma
6346:Buddha
6152:
6125:
6105:
6097:
6060:
6012:
5994:
5982:, UMCS
5961:
5939:
5891:
5835:
5797:
5756:
5679:
5645:
5630:
5615:
5600:
5582:
5561:
5545:
5530:
5512:
5481:
5466:
5451:
5423:
5360:
5338:
5321:
5159:dhammā
5156:(Pāli
5136:(Pāli
5119:vedanā
5116:(Pāli
4748:
4740:
4557:
4530:
4456:Quote:
4446:
4419:
4396:
4349:
4313:
4286:
4259:
4232:
4093:
4066:
4014:
3984:
3957:
3868:
3824:
3792:
3736:
3680:
3595:, the
3589:, the
3583:, the
3560:suttas
3535:"atta"
3494:sutra.
3235:Dukkha
3231:anatta
3214:dukkha
3061:vedanā
3053:vedanā
3036:vedana
3032:vedana
2907:Anatta
2862:wisdom
2858:avidyā
2852:avijjā
2774::
2772:pinyin
2766::
2616:jhanas
2594:); and
2585:vedanā
2533:vedanā
2466:dukkha
2303:
2252:
2247:
2240:
2235:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:vedanā
2169:
2164:
2150:
2139:
2137:
2135:
2125:
2123:
2121:
2119:
2112:
2098:
2076:phassa
2067:
2064:
2054:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2025:
2004:
1999:
1975:
1956:Albani
1897:anicca
1891:anatta
1885:dukkha
1844:vedana
1832:Vedana
1805:Buddha
1803:, the
1743:dukkha
1693:Āgamas
1619:(Skt.
1567:सङ्खार
1547:(Skt.
1487:saṃjñā
1479:संज्ञा
1475:(Skt.
1439:ཚོར་བ།
1431:vedanā
1373:གཟུགས།
1346:"form"
1273:स्कन्ध
1238:clings
1198:samjna
1187:vedana
1040:Taiwan
1020:Russia
960:Brazil
955:Bhutan
875:Buddha
795:Wisdom
578:Dharma
347:ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠰ
313:Korean
299:UNGEGN
271:Rōmaji
229:Pinyin
219:(T) /
39:Skanda
8843:Lists
8711:Kalpa
8706:Iddhi
8569:Music
8564:Mudra
8530:Vassa
8510:Vesak
8480:Budai
8426:Candi
8409:Stupa
8341:Logic
8094:Italy
7993:Tibet
7931:Nepal
7901:Korea
7896:Japan
7886:India
7881:China
7826:Sutra
7781:Texts
7731:Dōgen
7721:Hōnen
7706:Atiśa
7671:Zhiyi
7581:Achar
7549:Tulku
7544:Geshe
7529:Rōshi
7514:Ajahn
7469:Arhat
7429:Bodhi
7399:Vīrya
7316:Sacca
7311:Satya
7306:Sādhu
7294:Music
7237:Merit
7230:Terma
7190:Zazen
7126:Faith
7079:Mettā
6760:Karma
6720:Bardo
6687:Asita
6677:Khema
6667:Upāli
6652:Nanda
6490:(son)
6464:Māyā
6441:Films
6318:Index
6103:S2CID
6095:JSTOR
6058:S2CID
5908:(PDF)
5863:(PDF)
5848:(PDF)
5833:S2CID
5804:1996.
5754:S2CID
5161:-sati
5141:-sati
5139:citta
5121:-sati
4746:S2CID
3533:word
3356:dhātu
3352:dhātu
3262:citta
3009:gzugs
2964:Notes
2957:Kosha
2874:vidyā
2868:vijjā
2825:Tibet
2754:China
2685:India
2592:citta
2412:dhātu
2406:dhātu
2202:sañña
1945:Ātman
1924:sanna
1916:sanna
1908:sanna
1878:sanna
1866:sanna
1858:sanna
1848:amisa
1752:Arhat
1535:xiǎng
1503:saññā
1495:सञ्ञा
1423:वेदना
1381:gzugs
1250:empty
1126:) or
1050:Tibet
990:Korea
985:Japan
975:India
970:China
935:Newar
860:Arhat
650:Karma
504:Index
436:ขันธ์
285:Khmer
196:MLCTS
8741:Pāḷi
8726:Māra
8636:Flag
8037:Iran
7961:Tuva
7906:Laos
7534:Lama
7382:Śīla
7350:Śīla
7338:Pīti
7328:Sati
7279:Puja
7200:Koan
7106:Dāna
6697:Yasa
6584:Tārā
6150:ISBN
6123:ISBN
6010:ISBN
5992:ISBN
5959:ISBN
5937:ISBN
5922:link
5889:ISBN
5795:ISBN
5677:ISBN
5643:ISBN
5628:ISBN
5613:ISBN
5598:ISBN
5580:ISBN
5559:ISBN
5543:ISBN
5528:ISBN
5510:ISBN
5479:ISBN
5464:ISBN
5449:ISBN
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