Khirbet Susya - Knowledge

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residents that their plan had been rejected for improper considerations, and that this constituted a double standard in planning and blatant discrimination against the Palestinian population. The state's treatment of Khirbet Susiya and its residents illustrates its systemic use of planning laws to prevent Palestinians in Area C, which is under full Israeli control, from construction and development that meet their needs: most Palestinians in the area live in villages where the Israeli authorities have refused to draw up master plans and connect them to water and power supplies, under various pretexts. With no other choice, the residents eventually build homes without permits and subsequently live under constant threat of demolition and expulsion. This policy is intended to serve the goal, explicitly declared by Israeli officials in the past, of taking over land in the southern Hebron hills in order to formally annex it to Israel in a permanent-status agreement with the Palestinians, and annex it de facto until such a time. In implementing this policy, Israel is acting in contradiction to its obligation to care for the needs of West Bank residents as the occupying power there...The Israeli authorities' policy towards the residents of Khirbet Susiya starkly contrasts their generous planning policy towards Israeli settlers in the area. The settlers of Susiya and its outposts enjoy full provision of services and infrastructure and are in no danger of their homes being demolished – despite the fact that the outposts are illegal under Israel law and in the settlement itself, according to figures published by settler organization Regavim, 23 homes were built on privately-owned Palestinian land.'

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of homes in Susya and contiguous Palestinian villages, and bulldozed their cisterns, many ancient, built for gathering rainwater, and then filled them with gravel and cement to hinder their reuse. Donated solar panels were also destroyed, livestock were killed, and agricultural land was razed.. On Sept 26 of the same year, by an order of the Israeli Supreme Court, these structures were ordered to be destroyed and the land returned to the Palestinians. Settlers and the IDF prevented the villagers from reclaiming their land, some 750 acres. The villagers made an appeal to the same court to be allowed to reclaim their lands and live without harassment. Some 93 events of settler violence were listed. The settlers made a counter-appeal, and one family that had managed to return to its land suffered a third eviction.

372:, started to immigrate to ruins and caves in the area and became 'satellite villages' (daughters) to the mother town. Purported reasons for the expansion were lack of land for agriculture and construction in the mother towns, which resulted in high prices of land and rivalries between the mother-towns clans wishing to control more land and resources. Another reason may have been security, as the ‘satellite villages’ would have served a security buffer against gangs of robbers who would raid the mother villages. Caves are used by locals as residences, storage space and sheepfold. The affiliation between the satellite villages and mother town remained. While some of the satellites became permanent villages with communities of 100s, others remained temporary settlements which served shepherds and 717:, before fifteen senior EU diplomats visited the area on 8 August 2012, Susya villager Nasser Nawaja'a complained that "(t)here are in this village octogenarians who are older than the State of Israel . . . How can they be told that their residence here is illegal?" The EU declared at the time it does not expect that the demolition order will be executed. An Israeli officer objected to this narrative, saying, "It would be absolutely false to present these people as having lived there since the time of Noah's Ark and suddenly the big bad Israelis come and destroy the place. We are a bit sad that some of the Europeans and the Americans are falling into that trap." 605: 465:

document appears to have been known to Israeli officials since the advent of civil administration in 1982. Though the precise extent of their land was not specified in the document, in an internal review of the case in 2015, Meiri established from the geographical features mentioned that the land covered territory now belonging to the Jabor and Nawaja families, and the villages on the basis of their Ottoman period documents claim an area that covers some 3,000 dunams (741 acres). In early 1986, Before the first Israeli expulsion, the village was visited by U.S. consular officials, who recorded the occasion in photographs.

491:, the "Dahlia Farm" a term used by Susiya Palestinians to refer to the farm run by the widow of Yair Har-Sinai. According to B'tselem, by 2010 settlers were cultivating roughly 40 hectares, about 15% of the land area to which they deny access to the traditional Palestinian users of that area. Since 2000 Jewish settlers in Susya have denied Palestinians access to 10 cisterns in the area, or according to more recent accounts, 23, and try to block their access to others. Soil at Susya, with a market value of NIS 2,000 per truckload, is also taken from lands belonging to the village of Yatta. 133: 100: 67: 1649:'Twenty years ago, the cave dwellers of Susya were evacuated from their original village on the pretext of archeological digs in the area. Some of the evacuees went to live on their lands close to the Israeli settlement which was founded a short time before. Five years ago the Israeli army destroyed the caves of these families, and since then they continued to live there in impermanent and improvised housing.(Krinis and Dunayevsky 2006)’, Deborah Cowen, Emily Gilbert, 411: 382:, who lived with the locals in the region for several years, writes that the community at Khirbet Susya was seasonal and didn't live in the caves year-round. Families of shepherds arrived after the first rain (October–November), stayed during the grazing season and left in late April or early May. They were known for a special kind of cheese produced in their caves, and lived by harvesting olives, herding sheep, growing crops, and beekeeping. 2243: 2236: 527:, for some decades they were subject to many violent attacks, and though winning in the courts, the settlers would ignore the orders and drive them out. The BBC broadcast film of settler youths beating an old woman and her family with cudgels to drive them away from their land, in 2008. Local villages, like Palestinian Susya, have been losing land, and being cut off from each other, as the nearby settlements of 406:“The synagogue is located in an area that is known as the lands of Khirbet Susya, and around an Arab village between the ancient ruins. There is a formal registration on the land of Khirbet Susya with the Land Registry, according to which this land, amounting to approximately 3000 dunam , is privately held by many Arab owners. Therefore the area proximal to the synagogue is in all regards privately owned.” 583:. If they comply with the law they cannot build cisterns and collect even the rainwater. But if they fail to work their lands, they lose it anyway. One small enclave that remains for a Bedouin pastoralist's family suffers from further encroachment, with one settler, according to David Shulman, managing to wrest 95% of the family's land, and still intent on entering the remainder. 519:"in the nearby Israeli settlement of Sussia, whose very existence is unlawful under international law, the Israeli settlers have ample water supplies. They have a swimming pool and their lush irrigated vineyards, herb farms and lawns – verdant even at the height of the dry season – stand in stark contrast to the parched and arid Palestinian villages on their doorstep." 140: 107: 74: 613:

own much of the land, Israel denies building permits to Susya's residents and therefore they build without permission from Israeli authorities. The master plan for Susya was denied by the Israeli Civil Administration as opposed to the Israeli settlement of Susya, and Palestinians are required to obtain permits from the Israeli Civil Administration.

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illegal outposts that have everything—infrastructures of water and electricity— despite the fact that these settlements are illegal even under Israeli law. And now you want to expel this old man from his home once again? To expel all of us who own these lands, who have lived on them for generations in this space that is ours, which is all we know?

1860::'The small Palestinian village of Susya, located next to the southern Hebron Hills settlement of the same name, had no permits for its buildings either. And that's still the case, since last month the Civil Administration rejected Susya residents' request for approval of a master plan that would have made their homes legal. .' 1751:

June, 2013.'May 7th 2011. The settler in his Shabbat white, a huge knitted skullcap on his head, takes a pebble and holds it out on his fingertips to a Palestinian woman from Susya as he clucks his tongue at her, beckoning her as one would a dog. He has already taken 95% of the family’s land, and now

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and the alike will discover, that every year, during grazing time, families of shepherds visit the caves in these ruins, with every shepherd family returning to and living in the same cave in which that family lived in the prior season. At the end of the rainy season, the shepherds abandon the caves

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In May 2015, the Israel High Court approved the demolition of Palestinian Susya. The implementation of the plan was expected to leave 450 villagers homeless. A delegation of diplomats from 28 European countries visited Susya in June and urged Israel not to evict its 300 Palestinian residents, a move

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of agricultural land, and a further 900 dunams of pasture of which, the Palestinians argue, they were forced by violent attacks from using for agriculture and herding. The court held that the proper option open to the Palestinians was recourse to a civil legal action. Of the 120 complaints registered

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The third expulsion occurred in June 2001, in the midst of the second intifada, when settler civilians and soldiers drove the Palestinians of Susya out without warning. The Palestinians were reportedly driven out through violent arrests and beatings. On 3 July 2001, the Israeli army demolished dozens

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On June 14 an Israeli court issued 6 demolition orders covering 50 buildings including tent dwellings, ramshackle huts, sheep pens, latrines, water cisterns, a wind-and-sun powered turbine, and the German-funded solar panels in most of the Palestinian village of Susya. Over 500 people from Tel Aviv,

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The Israeli government official stance on the matter says: “There was no historic Palestinian village at the archaeological site there; that the village consists of only a few seasonal residences for a few families; and the land is necessary for the continuation of archaeological work.” According to

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In 1982, an Israeli land authority, Plia Albeck, working in the Civil division of the State Attorney's Office, determined that the 300 hectares were Palestinians had been living, and which included an area with remains both of a 5th–8th century CE synagogue and of a mosque that had replaced it, were

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7 May 2015:'The village residents requested the order as part of their petition to the court against the Civil Administration’s decision to reject the master plan they had drawn up for the village. In the petition, Att. Qamar Mashraki from Israeli NGO Rabbis for Human Rights argued on behalf of the

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In 2011, Israel executed 4 waves of demolition, affecting 41 structures, including 31 residential tents or shacks and two water cisterns. As a result, 37 people, including 20 children, were displaced and a further 70 affected. On November 24, 2011 bulldozers razed two tents where the Mughnem family

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After 1985,when the population was expelled, attempts by the Palestinian of Susya to rebuild their village have been razed by Israel four times, in 1991, 1997 and twice in 2001. Since it is classified within Area C of the West Bank, it lies under Israeli military occupation and control. Though they

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In 2006, structures without a permit were demolished illegally on the orders of a low-ranking officer, and the demolition was strongly criticized 3 years later by the High Court of Israel. In September 2008 the Israeli army informed the Palestinians at Susya that a further 150 dunums (15 hectares),

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per cubic meter water brought in by tanks, which is 5 times the cost to the nearby Israeli settlement. Net consumption, at 28 litres per diem, is less than half what Palestinians consume (70 lpd) and less than the recommended WHO level. Israel sheep-herding settlers expanded their unfenced land use

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10 June 2015: "Espropriati nel 1986, sotto sgombero dal 5 maggio. Fino a quell'anno i palestinesi abitavano nelle grotte a mezzo chilometro di distanza. Ne furono espropriati quando l'area fu riconosciuta sito archeologico. Andarono quindi a vivere nei terreni agricoli limitrofi di Susiya, di loro

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The fate and rule (לחם חוקם) for shepherds' they have to migrate with their herds following the grass and water... The large amount of natural caves met the requirements of the shepherds: they provided protection from the cold, rain, wind and other natural elements... Whoever travel in South Mount

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In 2008 the Supreme Court turned down the villagers' request for a staying order on planned demolition. According to Daviod Dean Shulman, the State attorney claimed that the Palestinians of Susya were a security threat to the settlers, and had to be moved. When asked by the judges where they would

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In 1986 one could still find about 25 families who lived in the caves of Khirbet Susya, but they were evicted when a tourism site was develop in that place. At the time of Susya eviction, many inhabited caves were in nearby territories. About 16 families lived in caves at Khirbet al-Fauqa (ע'וינה

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The EU funded the construction of buildings in Area C which is under interim Israeli jurisdiction, built without permits and which cost tens of millions of Euros. EU documents show the intention is to "pave the way for development and more authority of the PA over Area C". A spokesman said it was

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A master plan was not approved and building permit were not given to Khirbet Susya because there was no sufficient proof of ownership as the documents lack geographic information and based on them, it was "not possible to make unambiguous claims of ownership over the land in question". The Jabor

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They’re calling our village an illegal outpost. These lands are ours from before there was a State of Israel. My father is older than your state—and I am an illegal alien on my own land. I ask where is justice? Your courts distinguish between the settler and the Palestinian…We’re surrounded by

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In July 2015 it was published that according to an internal document of findings by the Israeli Civil Administration officer Moshe Meiri, the claim to ownership of the land appears to be grounded on a valid Ottoman period title, dating back to 1881, in the possession of the Jabor family. This

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activist, the second expulsion took place in 1990, when Rujum al-Hamri's inhabitants were loaded onto trucks by the IDF and dumped at the Zif Junction, 15 kilometers northwards near a roadside at the edge of a desert. Most returned and rebuilt on a rocky escarpment within their traditional

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In June 1986, Israel expropriated the Palestinian village's residential ground for an archeological site, evicting about 25 families. The expelled Susyans settled in caves and tin shacks nearby, on their agricultural lands at a site now called Rujum al-Hamri, to restart their lives.

427:, an NGO which petitioned the Supreme Court to execute the demolition orders at Khirbet susya, the place was used as grazing area and olive agricalture seasonally before 1986. In a report, Regavim writes that travelers from the late 19th century report finding ruins (while nearby 567:'Water is life; without water we can’t live; not us, not the animals, or the plants. Before we had some water, but after the army destroyed everything we have to bring water from far away; it’s very difficult and expensive. They make our life very difficult, to make us leave.' 506:

reports that as of 2012 the Israeli Civil Administration has imposed no demolitions on this outpost, which is connected to Israel's water and electricity networks, and cites the example as putative evidence that Israeli policy is discriminating between the two communities.

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expelled the Palestinian owners from their dwellings and appointed Israeli settlers from the recently-built settlement to manage the site. Some of the expropriated Palestinian land was incorporated into the jurisdictional area of the Israeli settlement, and an illegal

675:, who noted that Plia Albeck, a pro-settler former government official had admitted that in 1982 that Susya was surrounded by an Arab village, and that the land is registered at the Israeli Lands Authority as under private Arab title, a Rabbi from the 307:. Palestinian villagers reported as living in caves and nearby tents are considered as belonging to a unique southern Hebron cave-dwelling culture present in the area since the early 19th century. The village had a population of 199 residents in 2017. 596:

with Israeli police in Hebron by Palestinians of Susya, regarding alleged attacks, threats, incursions, and property damage wrought by settlers down to 2013, upwards of 95% have been dismissed, without charges being laid.

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in 1982, an Israel settlement planner, Plia Albeck, examined the area of Susiya, the synagogue and the Palestinian village built on and around it, and finding it legally difficult to advance Jewish settlement, wrote:

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justified on humanitarian grounds while Ari Briggs, International Director of Regavim, said the project is a 'Trojan horse' with political aims. Susya was reported to be the 4th largest of such 17 'EU Settlements'.

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Ephraim Stern, Ayelet Leṿinzon-Gilboʻa, Joseph Aviram, Vol.4,Israel Exploration Society & Carta, 1993 p1415:'a special kind of cheese that, until recently, was processed in the caves of Khirbet Susiya.'

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area and moved to Susya in 1952, has documents as well. Their documents are problematic since the boundaries mentioned were described in terms of geography features which are hard to identify in the field.

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In a ruling delivered in December 2013, the Israel High Court of Justice accepted that Yatta Palestinians had shown their legal attachment to a stretch of land between Susya and the illegal settlement of

563:/intruder). Most of the rain-catching water cisterns used by the local Palestinian farmers of Susya were demolished by the Israeli army in 1999 and 2001. A local Susya resident told Amnesty International, 632:

Regavim petitioned the High Court to demolish Palestinian Susya, defining the villagers as 'trespassers' living in 'illegal outposts', terms usually applied to illegal Jewish outposts on the West Bank.

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The population of the Palestinian community reportedly numbered 350 in 2012 and 250 residents the following year, which constituted by 50 nuclear families (2015), up from 25 in 1986 and 13 in 2008.

644:, a military body, raided Palestinian Susya and handed out 40 demolition orders for many structures, tents, hothouses, a water well and a solar panel, established on humanitarian grounds by the 1981: 376:(farmers) for several months every year. In 1981-2 it was estimated 100-120 families dwelt in caves permanently in the South Mount Hebron region while 750-850 families lived there temporarily. 335:

The expelled Palestinians moved a few hundred meters southeast of their original village and built new shelters on agricultural land. After the murder of Yair Har-Sinai from the nearby Israeli

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Susya: where thirteen impoverished families are clinging tenaciously, but probably hopelessly, to the dry hilltop and the few fields that are all that remain of their vast ancestral lands.

1999: 575:– Comet - and on wells. This project has been shortlisted for the BBC World Challenge which highlighted the involvement of two Israeli physicists, Elad Orian and Noam Dotan. According to 1289:

Horbat Susya and Rujum el-Hajiri as a Case Study for the Development of the Village and the Rural Settlement in the Hebron Hills from the Early Roman Period to the Early Muslim Period,

551:, the Palestinians that remain in the area live in tents on a small rocky hill between the settlement and the archeological park which is located within walking distance. According to 724:

issued a strongly worded admonition urging Israel to abandon plans for the "forced transfer of population and demolition of Palestinian housing and infrastructure" in Khirbet Susiya.

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in 1996, and some 113 tents were destroyed in 1998. Amnesty International also reports that official documents asking them to leave the area address them generically as 'intruders' (

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While the Israeli settlement has mains power and piped water from Israel, the Palestinians depend on solar panels and wind turbine energy made possible by a Palestinian/Israeli

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he bullies his way into the tiny patch that is left in order to harass and humiliate further. As if throwing a dog a bone, he tosses the pebble at her and laughs..'

591:, but requested them to withdraw their petition against the settlers who are alleged to have illegally seized these lands. The subject of a petition concerns 300 1423: 1554: 2110: 1062: 954: 1930: 1455: 1873: 132: 754: 693:

destroyed a sheepfold and two tents, one a dwelling and the other for storage, donated to the villagers of Palestinian Susya by the United Nations'

99: 2343: 1662: 686:“There has never been an Arab village called Susya,” Ben Dahan said, calling the village “a ploy by leftist organizations to take over Area C .” 1962: 1257: 720:

In July the US State Department urged Israel to refrain from any demolitions and asked it to seek a peaceful resolution with villagers, and the

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family supports a claim to land near Susya with Ottoman documents dated back to 1881 and the Nawaja family, who is originally from the

2640: 1350: 2068: 2051: 1317: 1201:, Zmora, Bitan, Modan, 1979 p.70:'Shmarya Gutman, the archaeologist, told them of the magnificent remains of the ancient synagogue 683:, publicly denied that Susya exists, asserting that attempts to protect the village were a ploy by leftists to take over Area C. 2103: 1294:

At the Intersection of Texts and Material Finds: Stepped Pools, Stone Vessels, and Ritual Purity Among the Jews of Roman Galilee,

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began to be built and developed, and illegal outposts established. David Dean Shulman described the reality he observed in 2008:

1911:'The end of an EU international sustainability project? Israel orders demolition of West Bank village's tents, solar panels,' 1495:'In light of new internal review, Israeli military administration to reevaluate demolishing West Bank village, report says,’ 1007: 342:

Having since been rebuilt, there are currently new demolition orders standing for the structures of the Palestinian village.

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where 13 remaining rainwater cisterns are located, would be a "closed military area" to which they were denied access.

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Hebron even today, when this book is written, in early 1984, in Khirbats like... Khirbet Susya (landmark 159090)

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This article is about the Palestinian village in the Hebron area. For the modern Israeli settlement nearby, see

1717: 576: 2235: 1364: 2601: 1275: 1260: 1185: 386: 1765: 1480:‘Defense Ministry internal report: Land at village slated for demolition privately owned by Palestinians,’ 1382: 1411: 826:

which they used during the grazing months, and return to their village, or may visit other grazing areas.

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Laurent Zecchini, 'La colonisation israélienne en marche à Susiya, village palestinien de Cisjordanie,'

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According to Rabbi for Human Rights, in 1948, the preexisting population was augmented by an influx of

2575: 1949: 1830: 1799: 1576:'Troubled Waters –Palestinians denied fair access to water: Israel-occupied Palestinian Territories,' 532: 364:

In the early 19th century, many residents of the two big villages in the area of South Mount Hebron,

264: 254: 842: 2023: 2004: 1982:'EU: We expect Israel to cancel demolition orders for Palestinian villages in Area C of West Bank,' 1497: 1844: 1697: 1479: 1330: 710: 2242: 2201: 2119: 1153: 1126: 888: 758: 528: 524: 483: 478:

agricultural and grazing territory. Their wells taken, they were forced to buy water from nearby

312: 275: 225: 203: 1008:"Cisgiordania, Susiya: i pastori palestinesi che tutte le mattine temono l'arrivo dei bulldozer" 986: 410: 2047: 1738: 1526:'Testimony: Four settlers attack the Nawaj'ah family near the Susiya settlement, 8 June 2008,' 995:

Susiya residents have lived in this region on a seasonal basis since at least the 19th century

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from 1945 does not mention Susya and, according to Regavim, a survey from 1967, done after

2507: 2407: 2370: 2326: 2172: 1745: 1681: 1130: 676: 499: 379: 329: 296: 288: 45: 1513: 2614: 2479: 1897: 1812:'Palestinian village Khirbet Susiya under imminent threat of demolition and expulsion,' 1107: 778: 721: 645: 515:

described the resultant contrast between the Palestinian and Jewish Susyas as follows:

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The Human Right to Water and Its Application in the Occupied Palestinian Territories,

1012: 680: 479: 444: 424: 365: 1575: 2308: 2291: 2275: 2145: 2140: 1965: 1725: 1035: 747: 394: 369: 1893: 1827: 1591: 2041: 1946: 786: 2591: 2362: 2313: 2298: 2078: 1814: 1624: 1528: 1309: 1101:

Expansion and Desertion: The Arab Village and Its Offshoots in Ottoman Palestine

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Israeli plans to demolish the Palestinian village have become an international

588: 548: 488: 474: 436: 2528: 2393: 2287: 2282: 2265: 2220: 2197: 2193: 2189: 2164: 1977: 1926: 1869: 1761: 1673: 1395:"Based on statistics collected by the Government of Palestine for the UN 1945" 748:

Preliminary Results of the Population, Housing and Establishments Census, 2017

714: 672: 669: 648:. Nearby Israeli settlers built two additional and unauthorized houses in the 536: 323:

declared the entire area owned by Palestinians an archeological site, and the

183: 170: 2564: 2533: 2457: 2441: 2260: 1331:'Israel seeks to demolish Palestinian village on ‘archaeological’ grounds ,' 440: 304: 245: 213: 1314:'Aggressive Zionist body wins court order to demolish Palestinian village,' 608:

A Palestinian demonstration against the demolition of the village of Susya

439:, refers to Khirbat Susya as ruins in contrast to nearby villages such as 2412: 2270: 2184: 1782: 1594: 679:, Deputy Defense Minister and new head of Israel’s Civil Administration, 649: 580: 555:, ten caves inhabited by Susya Palestinian families were blown up by the 457: 373: 339:, in 2001, the Palestinian village was demolished for the second time. 2559: 2549: 2428: 2208: 2160: 1985: 1934: 1914: 1877: 1769: 1621:'How can you weather the storm when you’re barred from building a home? 1558: 1482: 1333: 1129:, 'On Being Unfree:Fences, Roadblocks and the Iron Cage of Palestine,' 665: 637:

Beer Sheva, and Jerusalem came to mount a peaceful protest on June 22.

428: 1828:'In shadow of settlement, Susiya villagers vow to fight displacement,' 1796:

Palestinians fighting order to demolish their village in the West Bank

1291:(Phd Dissertation) Hebrew University 2009, cited in Stuart S. Miller, 1182: 2497: 2489: 2484: 2420: 2333: 2303: 2168: 2155: 2150: 2088: 1258:'The origin of the expulsion – A Brief history of Palestinian Susya,' 689:

On 24 August, a further demolition took place. On 29 August 2012 the

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The Jewish settlers of Susya and the Israeli pro-settler association

432: 271: 250: 1963:'EU protests against Israeli plans to demolish Palestinian village,' 1456:"Susya residents: If the village get demolished, we'll turn to Haag" 1106:פוקא), and a smaller number in other khirbahs, such as Shuyukha and 987:"Civil Administration threatens to demolish most of Susiya village" 357:('Old Susya'), is a village attached to the archaeological site of 2523: 2321: 617:

move to, the State replied:'We don’t know. They are unfortunates,

592: 409: 397:, who subsequently purchased land in the area. After coming under 358: 332:

was established on the area of the previous Palestinian village.

24: 1555:'West Bank settlers stealing tons of soil from Palestinian land,' 2179: 2083: 2074: 864:

Cursed Victory: A History of Israel and the Occupied Territories

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privately owned by the Palestinian Susya villagers. In 1983, an

2092: 1874:'Israeli demolition firm takes pride in West Bank operations,' 1110:, which was a large cave settlement in the early 19th century. 629: 572: 319:

was established next to the Palestinian village. In 1986, the

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IDF razes Palestinian infrastructure in West Bank communities

1063:"SUSIYA: A COMMUNITY AT IMMINENT RISK OF FORCED DISPLACEMENT" 955:"Susiya: a Community at Imminent Risk of Forced Displacement" 1766:

Court asks Palestinians to drop land case against settlers,'

1424:"Susya: The Palestinian lie - the village that didn't exist" 1313: 1947:'Israeli court approves demolition of Palestinian village,' 1722:

West Bank villagers’ daily battle with Israel over water,'

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that would endanger in their view the two-state solution.

1511:'IDF maps village of Susya as forced displacement looms,' 2021:'US warns Israel against demolishing Palestinian town,' 502:

was established without the necessary building permit.

800:'Should 250 Cave Dwellers Interfere With the Fence? ,' 1638:

Dark hope: working for peace in Israel and Palestine,

2600: 2342: 2251: 2126: 1273:'The “Mother of the Settlements” recognizes Susya,' 695:

Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs

261: 244: 236: 231: 219: 209: 199: 35: 1845:"A tale of two West Bank building permit requests" 1608:The second Palestinian Intifada: civil resistance, 742: 740: 655:A local Palestinian declared to the Hebrew press: 1663:Amnesty International. Israel-rapport 17.09.2001 924:. University of California Press. pp. 107–. 844:A Chronicle of Dispossession: Facts about Susiya 1894:West Bank village struggles against demolition 321:Israeli Defense Ministry's Civil Administration 1571: 1569: 1567: 1149: 1147: 1145: 1143: 1141: 1139: 1122: 1120: 1118: 1057: 1055: 1053: 1051: 1049: 1047: 1017:proprietà ma senza il permesso per costruire." 2104: 1213: 1211: 838: 836: 834: 832: 414:Map of Kh. Susya and Rujum al-Hamri from 1936 8: 1581:,Vol.39, Issue 001, February/March 2009 p.1 1305: 1303: 897:. Farrar, Straus and Giroux. pp. 238–. 40: 2046:. Tel Aviv: Defence Ministry publications. 2000:"EU warns Israel over West Bank bulldozing" 1474: 1472: 1205:the village of Susiya in the Hebron Hills'. 1094: 1092: 1090: 1068:. United Nations. June 2015. Archived from 960:. United Nations. June 2015. Archived from 579:, the inhabitants Susya, are faced with a 2111: 2097: 2089: 810: 808: 32: 23:. For the nearby archaeological site, see 1640:University of Chicago Press, 2007 pp.37f. 1297:Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2015 p.20 n.9 1888: 1886: 755:Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics 603: 431:was reported as inhabited). The British 30:Village in West Bank, State of Palestine 1158:'I Am an Illegal Alien on My Own Land,’ 1031: 1029: 1027: 1025: 1023: 736: 243: 230: 198: 163: 58: 1178: 1176: 1174: 1172: 1170: 482:. Palestinian residents (2012) pay 25 119:Khirbet Susya (the Southern West Bank) 260: 235: 218: 208: 139: 106: 73: 7: 1843:Levinson, Chaim (26 November 2013). 625:dwells on their own land in Susya. 600:Legal fight & demolition orders 300: 292: 41: 1351:Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs 1103:. Yad Izhak Ben-Zvi. p. 226. 787:'The Lurking Shadow of Expulsion,' 303:) is a Palestinian village in the 152:Khirbet Susya (State of Palestine) 122:Show map of the Southern West Bank 14: 1739:'Truth and Lies in South Hebron,' 1544:Taylor & Francis, 2011 p.155. 1318:Jews for Justice for Palestinians 1246:'Archaeology of a dispossession,' 817:Live in the caves of Mount Hebron 2241: 2234: 1676:, Comet Middle East (Comet-ME) 1674:Susya Sustainable Energy Project 1610:Taylor & Francis, 2010 p.43. 867:. Penguin Books. pp. 133–. 138: 131: 105: 98: 72: 65: 761:. February 2018. pp. 64–82 652:outpost, without interference. 640:On the 26th of June, 2013, the 16:Village in West Bank, Palestine 2071:, Palestine Solidarity Project 1998:Tait, Robert (July 21, 2015). 1347:"Behind the Headlines: Susiya" 1133:Vol,20, No. 2, 2008, pp. 13-32 918:Neve Gordon (2 October 2008). 451:Land ownership and master plan 155:Show map of State of Palestine 1: 2043:Live in Caves of Mount Hebron 1653:Routledge, London 2007 p.322. 1478:Barak Ravid, Chaim Levinson, 1651:War, Citizenship, Territory, 1162:The New York Review of Books 642:Israeli Civil Administration 473:According to David Shulman, 1183:'Susya: A History of Loss,' 2657: 2473:Kheroshewesh Wal Hadedeyah 2460:• Umm Lasafa • Wadi Ubeid) 2159:(incl: Arab al-Fureijat • 1592:'West Bank attack filmed,' 1199:Truth in the Shadow of War 802:Haaretz 13 September 2004. 18: 2641:Villages in the West Bank 2232: 1429:. Regavim. Archived from 1365:"The Law, Ass or Donkey?" 1248:Qantara.de 27 April 2015. 944:Magness (2003), p. 99–104 815:Havakook, Yaakov (1985). 705:International involvement 164: 89:Show map of the West Bank 59: 52: 2040:Yaavoc Havakook (1985). 1099:Grossman, David (1994). 894:From Beirut to Jerusalem 389:who had fled during the 1276:Rabbis for Human Rights 1261:Rabbis for Human Rights 1186:Rabbis for Human Rights 861:Bregman, Ahron (2014). 399:Israeli civil authority 2390:Deir al-'Asal al-Tahta 2386:Deir al-'Asal al-Fauqa 1802:, Monday, July 2, 2012 1680:March 1, 2012, at the 1540:Amanda Cahill Ripley, 664:In an exchange in the 662: 609: 569: 545: 521: 415: 408: 353:Khirbet Susya, called 349:Origins and background 325:Israeli Defense Forces 2376:Beit ar-Rush al-Fauqa 2367:Beit ar-Rush al-Tahta 1579:Amnesty International 657: 607: 565: 553:Amnesty International 541: 517: 513:Amnesty International 469:Additional expulsions 413: 404: 391:1948 Arab–Israeli War 263: • Summer ( 184:31.40139°N 35.10861°E 1728:, 14 September 2011. 1399:Palestine Remembered 387:Palestinian refugees 2024:The Times of Israel 2005:The Daily Telegraph 1880:, November 28, 2011 1772:, 23 December 2013. 1636:David Dean Shulman, 1498:The Times of Israel 1436:on 26 November 2015 1381:Tristram, 1865, p. 921:Israel's Occupation 889:Friedman, Thomas L. 180: / 2636:Hebron Governorate 2464:Khallet al-Masafer 2156:Hebron (al-Khalil) 2120:Hebron Governorate 2019:Itamar Sharon/JTA, 1744:2018-11-03 at the 1737:David D. Shulman, 1127:David Dean Shulman 1075:on 11 October 2015 967:on 11 October 2015 759:State of Palestine 610: 416: 313:Israeli settlement 237: • Total 204:State of Palestine 189:31.40139; 35.10861 2623: 2622: 2461: 2379: 2330: 2318: 2295: 2279: 2217: 2205: 2176: 1950:Ma'an News Agency 1937:, 30 August 2012. 1831:Ma'an News Agency 1694:"World Challenge" 1627:, 8 January 2015. 1619:Nasser Nawaj'ah, 1606:Julie M. Norman, 1561:, 10 October 2012 1509:Mairav Zonszein, 1036:'Khirbet Susiya,' 931:978-0-520-94236-3 904:978-0-374-70699-9 874:978-1-84614-735-7 757:(PCBS) (Report). 677:Jewish Home Party 670:Joint List Member 393:from the area of 282: 281: 86:Location of Susya 21:Susya, Har Hebron 2648: 2587:Wadi ash-Shajina 2545:Shuyukh al-Arrub 2467:Khashem al-Daraj 2455: 2453:Khalet al-Maiyya 2373: 2354:Arab al-Ka'abneh 2324: 2316: 2285: 2273: 2246: 2245: 2238: 2214:Khirbat al-Simia 2211: 2187: 2158: 2113: 2106: 2099: 2090: 2057: 2027: 2017: 2011: 2010: 1995: 1989: 1988:, 9 August 2012. 1975: 1969: 1961:Peter Beaumont, 1959: 1953: 1944: 1938: 1924: 1918: 1909:Chaim Levinson, 1907: 1901: 1890: 1881: 1867: 1861: 1859: 1857: 1855: 1840: 1834: 1825: 1819: 1809: 1803: 1792: 1786: 1785:23 January 2012. 1779: 1773: 1759: 1753: 1749:Jewish Quarterly 1735: 1729: 1715: 1709: 1708: 1706: 1705: 1696:. Archived from 1690: 1684: 1671: 1665: 1660: 1654: 1647: 1641: 1634: 1628: 1617: 1611: 1604: 1598: 1588: 1582: 1573: 1562: 1553:Chaim Levinson, 1551: 1545: 1538: 1532: 1523: 1517: 1507: 1501: 1492: 1486: 1476: 1467: 1466: 1464: 1462: 1452: 1446: 1445: 1443: 1441: 1435: 1428: 1420: 1414: 1409: 1403: 1402: 1391: 1385: 1379: 1373: 1372: 1371:. June 18, 2012. 1361: 1355: 1354: 1343: 1337: 1327: 1321: 1307: 1298: 1285: 1279: 1270: 1264: 1255: 1249: 1244:Ylenia Gostoli, 1242: 1236: 1233: 1227: 1224: 1218: 1217:Havakook p.25-31 1215: 1206: 1195: 1189: 1188:7 November 2013. 1180: 1165: 1164:, June 28, 2012. 1151: 1134: 1124: 1113: 1112: 1096: 1085: 1084: 1082: 1080: 1074: 1067: 1059: 1042: 1033: 1018: 1004: 998: 997: 983: 977: 976: 974: 972: 966: 959: 951: 945: 942: 936: 935: 915: 909: 908: 885: 879: 878: 858: 852: 840: 827: 824: 812: 803: 796: 790: 776: 770: 769: 767: 766: 752: 744: 650:Mitzpeh Avigayil 302: 294: 268: 195: 194: 192: 191: 190: 185: 181: 178: 177: 176: 173: 156: 142: 141: 135: 123: 109: 108: 102: 90: 76: 75: 69: 44: 43: 33: 2656: 2655: 2651: 2650: 2649: 2647: 2646: 2645: 2626: 2625: 2624: 2619: 2596: 2538:Sahel Wadi Elma 2512:Marah al-Baqqar 2449:Khallet al-Aqed 2408:Hadab al-Fawwar 2374:(Beit Mirsim • 2338: 2327:Khirbet al-Deir 2247: 2240: 2239: 2230: 2173:Wadi al Hussein 2171:• Qla'a Zeta • 2122: 2117: 2065: 2060: 2054: 2039: 2035: 2030: 2018: 2014: 1997: 1996: 1992: 1976: 1972: 1960: 1956: 1945: 1941: 1925: 1921: 1917:, 27 June 2013. 1908: 1904: 1891: 1884: 1868: 1864: 1853: 1851: 1842: 1841: 1837: 1826: 1822: 1810: 1806: 1793: 1789: 1780: 1776: 1760: 1756: 1746:Wayback Machine 1736: 1732: 1716: 1712: 1703: 1701: 1692: 1691: 1687: 1682:Wayback Machine 1672: 1668: 1661: 1657: 1648: 1644: 1635: 1631: 1618: 1614: 1605: 1601: 1589: 1585: 1574: 1565: 1552: 1548: 1539: 1535: 1524: 1520: 1508: 1504: 1493: 1489: 1477: 1470: 1460: 1458: 1454: 1453: 1449: 1439: 1437: 1433: 1426: 1422: 1421: 1417: 1410: 1406: 1393: 1392: 1388: 1380: 1376: 1363: 1362: 1358: 1345: 1344: 1340: 1329:Chaim Levinson, 1328: 1324: 1320:, 14 June 2012. 1308: 1301: 1286: 1282: 1271: 1267: 1256: 1252: 1243: 1239: 1234: 1230: 1225: 1221: 1216: 1209: 1196: 1192: 1181: 1168: 1152: 1137: 1131:Manoa (journal) 1125: 1116: 1098: 1097: 1088: 1078: 1076: 1072: 1065: 1061: 1060: 1045: 1034: 1021: 1006:Stefano Pasta, 1005: 1001: 985: 984: 980: 970: 968: 964: 957: 953: 952: 948: 943: 939: 932: 917: 916: 912: 905: 887: 886: 882: 875: 860: 859: 855: 841: 830: 814: 813: 806: 797: 793: 777: 773: 764: 762: 750: 746: 745: 738: 734: 713:. According to 707: 602: 500:Israeli outpost 471: 453: 380:Yaakov Havakook 355:Susya al-Qadima 351: 330:Israeli outpost 262: 188: 186: 182: 179: 174: 171: 169: 167: 166: 160: 159: 158: 157: 154: 153: 150: 149: 148: 147: 143: 126: 125: 124: 121: 120: 117: 116: 115: 114: 110: 93: 92: 91: 88: 87: 84: 83: 82: 81: 77: 55: 48: 38: 31: 28: 17: 12: 11: 5: 2654: 2652: 2644: 2643: 2638: 2628: 2627: 2621: 2620: 2618: 2617: 2612: 2606: 2604: 2598: 2597: 2595: 2594: 2589: 2584: 2581: 2580:Wadi al-Amayer 2578: 2573: 2570: 2567: 2562: 2557: 2552: 2547: 2542: 2539: 2536: 2531: 2526: 2521: 2518: 2513: 2510: 2505: 2500: 2495: 2492: 2487: 2482: 2480:Khirbet Zanuta 2477: 2476:Khirbet Salama 2474: 2471: 2468: 2465: 2462: 2450: 2447: 2444: 2439: 2434: 2431: 2426: 2423: 2418: 2415: 2410: 2405: 2404:Hadab al-Alaqa 2402: 2399: 2396: 2391: 2388: 2383: 2380: 2368: 2365: 2360: 2355: 2352: 2348: 2346: 2340: 2339: 2337: 2336: 2331: 2319: 2311: 2306: 2301: 2296: 2280: 2268: 2263: 2257: 2255: 2249: 2248: 2233: 2231: 2229: 2228: 2223: 2218: 2206: 2182: 2177: 2153: 2148: 2143: 2138: 2132: 2130: 2124: 2123: 2118: 2116: 2115: 2108: 2101: 2093: 2087: 2086: 2084:Khirbet Susiya 2081: 2072: 2064: 2063:External links 2061: 2059: 2058: 2052: 2036: 2034: 2031: 2029: 2028: 2012: 1990: 1970: 1954: 1939: 1919: 1902: 1900:, 5 July 2012. 1898:Deutsche Welle 1882: 1862: 1835: 1820: 1804: 1787: 1774: 1754: 1730: 1710: 1685: 1666: 1655: 1642: 1629: 1612: 1599: 1583: 1563: 1546: 1533: 1518: 1502: 1487: 1485:26 July 2015. 1468: 1447: 1415: 1404: 1386: 1374: 1356: 1338: 1336:28 March 2015. 1322: 1299: 1287:Yuval Baruch, 1280: 1265: 1250: 1237: 1228: 1219: 1207: 1197:Yaacov Hasdai, 1190: 1166: 1135: 1114: 1108:Khirbet Zanuta 1086: 1043: 1019: 999: 978: 946: 937: 930: 910: 903: 880: 873: 853: 828: 819:. p. 56. 804: 791: 779:Oren Yiftachel 771: 735: 733: 730: 722:European Union 706: 703: 646:European Union 601: 598: 470: 467: 452: 449: 350: 347: 280: 279: 269: 259: 258: 248: 242: 241: 238: 234: 233: 229: 228: 223: 217: 216: 211: 207: 206: 201: 197: 196: 162: 161: 151: 145: 144: 137: 136: 130: 129: 128: 127: 118: 112: 111: 104: 103: 97: 96: 95: 94: 85: 79: 78: 71: 70: 64: 63: 62: 61: 60: 57: 56: 53: 50: 49: 39: 36: 29: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2653: 2642: 2639: 2637: 2634: 2633: 2631: 2616: 2613: 2611: 2608: 2607: 2605: 2603: 2602:Refugee camps 2599: 2593: 2590: 2588: 2585: 2583:Wadi al-Kilab 2582: 2579: 2577: 2574: 2571: 2568: 2566: 2563: 2561: 2558: 2556: 2553: 2551: 2548: 2546: 2543: 2540: 2537: 2535: 2532: 2530: 2527: 2525: 2522: 2519: 2517: 2516:Masafer Yatta 2514: 2511: 2509: 2506: 2504: 2501: 2499: 2496: 2493: 2491: 2488: 2486: 2483: 2481: 2478: 2475: 2472: 2470:Khallet Salih 2469: 2466: 2463: 2459: 2454: 2451: 2448: 2445: 2443: 2440: 2438: 2435: 2432: 2430: 2427: 2424: 2422: 2419: 2416: 2414: 2411: 2409: 2406: 2403: 2400: 2397: 2395: 2392: 2389: 2387: 2384: 2381: 2377: 2372: 2369: 2366: 2364: 2361: 2359: 2356: 2353: 2351:Anab al-Kabir 2350: 2349: 2347: 2345: 2341: 2335: 2332: 2328: 2323: 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1750: 1747: 1743: 1740: 1734: 1731: 1727: 1723: 1719: 1714: 1711: 1700:on 2009-10-02 1699: 1695: 1689: 1686: 1683: 1679: 1675: 1670: 1667: 1664: 1659: 1656: 1652: 1646: 1643: 1639: 1633: 1630: 1626: 1622: 1616: 1613: 1609: 1603: 1600: 1596: 1593: 1587: 1584: 1580: 1577: 1572: 1570: 1568: 1564: 1560: 1556: 1550: 1547: 1543: 1537: 1534: 1530: 1527: 1522: 1519: 1515: 1514:+972 magazine 1512: 1506: 1503: 1500:26 July 2015. 1499: 1496: 1491: 1488: 1484: 1481: 1475: 1473: 1469: 1457: 1451: 1448: 1432: 1425: 1419: 1416: 1413: 1408: 1405: 1400: 1396: 1390: 1387: 1384: 1378: 1375: 1370: 1366: 1360: 1357: 1352: 1348: 1342: 1339: 1335: 1332: 1326: 1323: 1319: 1315: 1311: 1306: 1304: 1300: 1296: 1295: 1290: 1284: 1281: 1277: 1274: 1269: 1266: 1262: 1259: 1254: 1251: 1247: 1241: 1238: 1232: 1229: 1226:Havakook p.65 1223: 1220: 1214: 1212: 1208: 1204: 1200: 1194: 1191: 1187: 1184: 1179: 1177: 1175: 1173: 1171: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1155: 1154:David Shulman 1150: 1148: 1146: 1144: 1142: 1140: 1136: 1132: 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