Georgian wine - Knowledge

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for a pleasant velvety taste, a delicate bouquet and inimitable piquancy. The wine contains up to 10.5-12.0% alcohol, 3-5% sugar and has 5-7% titrated acidity. It has been manufactured since 1943. The word "Usakhelauri" means "nameless" in Georgia. The wine was considered so fine that it was hard for winemakers to find an adequate name for it. At international exhibitions, Usakhelauri has been awarded 2 gold and 3 silver medals.

1105: 849: 4269: 1567:(Red) is a light red, semi-sweet wine made from a 60% Saperavi, 40% Rkatsiteli blend. It has won 3 gold medals and 3 silver medals at international competitions. The name comes from one of the major river systems of Georgia that borders Georgia with Azerbaijan. The climate is slightly warmer than the rest of the Georgian Wine growing regions and gives rise to much sweeter grapes than those found elsewhere. 1825: 1407: 943: 650:, in which to store their wine ready for serving at ground temperature. When filled with the fermented juice of the harvest, the kvevris are topped with a wooden lid and then covered and sealed with earth. Some may remain entombed for up to 50 years. Due to its diverse and unique microclimate, there are about 500 grape varieties in modern Georgia. 1429:

color. Khvanchkara wine is one of the most popular Georgian semi-sweet wines. It contains 10.5-12.0% alcohol, 3-5% sugar and has 5.0-7.0% titrated acidity. The wine has been made since 1907. It has been awarded 2 gold and 4 silver medals at various international exhibitions. This wine was Stalin's favorite.

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Traditional Georgian grape varieties are little known outside of the Black Sea region. Now that the wines of Eastern and Central Europe are coming to greater international awareness, grapes from this region are becoming better known. Although there are nearly 400 to choose from, only 38 varieties are

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is a naturally semi-sweet pink wine made of the Izabela grape variety cultivated in Abkhazia. The wine has pink color, a specific aroma and a fresh harmonious taste. When ready for use, the wine contains 8-9% alcohol, 3-5% sugar and has 5-7% titrated acidity. At international exhibitions, Lykhny has

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Dimi is an Imeretian-type white ordinary wine. It is made from the Tsolikauri and Krakhuna grape varieties grown on small areas in Imereti (Western Georgia) by the old local technique consisting in fermenting the grapes pulp to which some quantity of grapes husks is added. The dark-straw color has a

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is a vintage dessert white sweet wine is made from the Rkatsiteli grape variety cultivated in the Kardanakhi vineyards of the Gurjaani district in Kakheti. It takes the wine three years to mature. The golden-color wine has an original fine bouquet, a pleasant taste with a harmonious honey fragrance.

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is a naturally semi-sweet wine. It is produced from the Usakhelauri grape variety cultivated mostly in the Zubi-Okureshi district in Western Georgia. Vineyards are arranged on the mountain slopes. The wine has an attractive ruby color, harmonious sweetness with a wild strawberry flavor. It is noted

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is a fortified vintage white port made from the Rkatsiteli, Mtsvane, Chinuri and other commercial grape varieties grown in Eastern Georgia. The amber-color wine has a peculiar aroma and harmonious taste. Its strength is 18 vol.%, sugar content 7%, titrated acidity 3-7 g/1. At an international wine

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is a fortified vintage white wine of the type. It is made from the Rkatsiteli grape variety cultivated in the Kardanakhi vineyards of the Gurdzhaani district. The wine matures in oak barrels for three years. The amber color wine has a pleasant specific bouquet with a typical port wine flavor and a

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artifacts of the 3rd and 2nd millennia BC bear chased imprints of the vine, grape clusters, and leaves. The State Museum of Georgia has on display a cup of high-carat gold set with gems, an ornamented silver pitcher and some other artifacts dated to the 2nd millennium BC. From classical Antiquity,

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is a pink semi-dry wine produced since 1984. It is made using traditional methods from the Aleksandreuli, Aladasturi, Odzhaleshi, Tsitska, Tsolikauri and other grape varieties cultivated in West Georgia. The wine is notable for a mild taste, a moderate extractability, a pure aroma and a beautiful

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is a high-end, naturally semi-sweet red wine made from the Alexandrouli & Mudzhuretuli grape varieties cultivated in the Khvanchkara vineyards in Racha, Western Georgia. The wine has a strong, distinctive bouquet and a well-balanced tannin profile with flavors of raspberry. It has a dark ruby

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is made from the Rkatsiteli grape variety in the village of Bodbe in the Magaro micro-district, one of the most beautiful places of Kakheti. The wine has a light-straw color, a fine aroma of wildflowers and a pleasing tender taste which give the wine piquancy highly estimated by connoisseurs. The

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is a liqueur-type of dessert wine made from the Izabella grape variety with an addition of the Dzvelshava, Tsolikauri and other grape varieties cultivated in the Mayakovski district (Western Georgia). It has characteristic ruby or pomegranate color. The alcohol content is 15%, sugar content 30%,

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grape varieties cultivated in Western Georgia on the steep slopes of the Rioni gorge in the Caucasian mountains. This top quality wine, of light-ruby color, has a fragrance of violets, natural pleasant sweetness and a tender harmonious taste. When ready for use, Barakoni contains 10-12% alcohol,

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is a high quality naturally semi-sweet wine of dark-red color. It is made from the Saperavi grape variety cultivated on the slopes of the Caucasian mountains in the Kvareli district of Kakheti. It has a strong characteristic bouquet and aroma, a gentle harmonious and velvety taste. Its taste and

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is a dry wine produced since 1984. It is made from the Rkatsiteli and Mtsvane grape varieties according to the Kakhetian recipe. The wine is of amber or dark-amber color and has a moderately astringent harmonious taste with a fruity aroma. The alcohol content is 10-12%, titrated acidity 4-6 g/L,

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is a white semi-dry table wine made from the Tsolikauri grape variety grown in the Sukhumi and Gudauta districts in Abkhazia. The color range is from light to dark-straw. It has a specific aroma and a subtle fresh taste. The alcohol content in the ready wine is 9-11%, sugar content 1-2 g/100 mL,

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wine. This was the "official" reason given, but the instability of economic relations with Russia is well known, and Russia uses their economic power for political purposes. Counterfeiting problems stem from mislabelling by foreign producers and falsified “Georgian Wine” labels on wines produced

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is a red semi-sweet wine made from the grape variety of the same name cultivated on the mountain slopes overhanging the banks of the Tskhenis-Tskali river, particularly in the Orbeli village and Samegrelo district (Western Georgia). Odzhaleshi has dark-ruby color, a gentle bouquet and aroma, a

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is a vintage white dessert wine made from the Khikhvi grape variety grown in Kardanakhi. It has a pleasant amber color, a characteristic aroma and a delicate taste. Its strength is 15 vol.%, sugar content 18-20%, titrated acidity 4-8 g/1. The wine has been produced since 1924. At international

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is a naturally semi-sweet red wine. It is made from the Saperavi grape variety cultivated in the Akhoebi vineyards of the Kardanakhi village in the Alazani Valley. The wine is fermented in clay jars buried in the ground, an ancient Kakhetian wine-making technique. When ready for use, the wine

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is a naturally semi-sweet red wine made from the Saperavi grape variety grown in the Akhasheni vineyards of the Gurdzhaani district in Kakheti. The wine has a dark-pomegranate color and a harmonious velvety taste with a chocolate flavor. It contains 10.5-12.0% alcohol, 3-5% sugar and has 5-7%

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is a fortified vintage white port is made from Tsolikauri, Tsitska and other commercial white grape varieties grown in Western Georgia. The amber-color wine has a specific bouquet and harmonious taste. Its strength is 18 vol.%, sugar content 7%, titrated acidity 3-7 g/L. At an international

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is a naturally semi-sweet red wine made of red grape varieties cultivated in Abkhazia. The wine of pomegranate color has a pleasant aroma, a full and harmonious taste with gentle sweetness. When ready for use, the wine contains 9-10% alcohol, 3-5% sugar and has 5-7% titrated acidity. At an

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is a white table wine made of the Rkatsiteli and Mtsvane grape varieties cultivated in Kakheti. The amber-color wine has a fruity aroma with a vanillic flavor. It is characterized by an energetic, velvety and harmonious taste. Its strength is 10.5-13.0 vol.% and titrated acidity 4-6%. At

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name of the source region, district, or village, much like French regional wines such as Bordeaux or Burgundy. As with these French wines, Georgian wines are usually a blend of two or more grapes. Georgian wines are classified as sweet, semi-sweet, semi-dry, dry, fortified and sparkling.

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Lelo is a port-type wine made from the Tsitska and Tsolikauri grape varieties grown in Zestaponi, Terjola, Baghdati and Vani districts. The wine has a rich harmonious taste with a fruity aroma and a beautiful golden color. The alcohol content is 19%, sugar content 5%, titrated acidity 6

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is white semi-sweet wine made from the Rkatsiteii, Tetra, Tsolikauri and other industrial grape varieties cultivated in Western and Eastern Georgia. The wine of straw color has a characteristic aroma, a fine, fresh and a harmonious taste. It contains 9-11% alcohol and has 6-7% titrated

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districts. The wine has light-golden to dark-amber color, a strong peculiar bouquet, an extractive harmonious taste with a clearly pronounced Madeira touch. The alcohol content is 19%, sugar content 4 g/mL, titrated acidity 3 - 7 g/L. The Anaga wine was awarded 1 international silver

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produces substantial deep red wines that are suitable for extended aging, up to fifty years. Saperavi has the potential to produce high alcohol levels and is used extensively for blending with other lesser varieties. It is the most important grape variety used to make Georgian red

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curative properties have won Kindzmarauli wide recognition. The wine contains 10.5-12.0% alcohol, 3-5% sugar and has 5.0-7.0% titrated acidity. It has been manufactured since 1942. Kindzmarauli has won 3 gold, 4 silver & 1 bronze medal at international wine competitions.

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is an ordinary strong wine of the port type made from the Rkatsiteli grape variety grown in the Sighnaghi district in Kakheti. The amber-color wine has an extractive harmonious taste with a clearly pronounced fruity touch. The alcohol content 3 g/100 mL, titrated acidity 5

1450:. The wines are then matured for 3 years in oak to give the wine-added complexity and flavor. Mukuzani is considered to be the best of the Georgian Dry Red wines made from Saperavi. It has won 9 gold medals, 2 silver medals and 3 bronze medals in international competitions. 1340:

is a white dry ordinary wine made of the Tsolikauri, Tsitska and Krakhuna grape varieties cultivated in Western Georgia. The wine of straw color has a characteristic savor with a fruity flavor and fresh harmonious taste. Its strength is 10.0-12.5 vol.% and titrated acidity

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Wine vessels of every shape, size, and design have been the crucial part of pottery in Georgia for millennia. Ancient artifacts attest to the high skill of local craftsmen. Among vessels, the most ubiquitous and unique to Georgian wine-making culture are probably the

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is a red wine made from the Saperavi grape variety grown in some areas of Kakheti. It is an extractive wine with a characteristic bouquet, a harmonious taste and pleasant astringency. Its strength is 10.5-12.5% and titrated acidity 5-7%. It has been produced since

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According to the Minister of Agriculture of Georgia, wine production has increased from 13.8 million 750ml bottles in 2009 to 15.8 million bottles in 2010. In 2009, Georgia exported 10.968 million bottles of wine to 45 countries. In 2010, Georgia exported wines to

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that were available on the Soviet market Georgian wines had been preferable for Soviets. In 1950, vineyards in Georgia occupied 143,000 acres, but by 1985 this had reached 316,000 acres due to an increase in demand. In 1985 wine production was 881,000 tons. During

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is a white dry ordinary wine made of the Rkatsiteli and Mtsvane grape varieties cultivated in Kakheti. The wine has a color ranging from pale-straw to amber, a pleasing bouquet and a full harmonious taste. Its strength is 10.0-12.5 vol.% and titrated acidity

921:, provide the best conditions for vine cultivating. The soil in vineyards is so intensively cultivated that the grapevines grow up the trunks of fruit trees eventually hanging down along the fruit when they ripen. This method of cultivation is called 895:

By 2019 exports and productions had increased significantly, with the Ministry of Environmental Protection and Agriculture's annual report declaring total export as "94 million bottles (0.75 liter)" to 53 countries, including increases in exports to

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is a pink semi-dry wine produced since 1984. It is made from the Saperavi, Cabernet and Rkatsiteli grape varieties grown in East Georgia. The wine has a rich fruity taste. The alcohol content is 9–11.5%, sugar content 1-2%, titrated acidity 5-7

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is pink semi-dry wine produced since 1984. It is made from the Saperavi, Cabernet and Rkatsiteli grape varieties grown in East Georgia. The wine has a rich fruity taste. The alcohol content is 9–11.5%, sugar content 1-2%, titrated acidity 5-7

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is a port-type wine made from the Rkatsiteli grape variety grown in Marneuli and Bolnisi districts. It has a full harmonious taste with a fruity aroma & light-golden color. The alcohol content is 19%, sugar content 5%, titrated acidity 6

1764:, Georgian wines are usually a blend of two or more grapes. For instance, one of the best-known white wines, Tsinandali, is a blend of Rkatsiteli and Mtsvane grapes from the micro regions of Telavi and Kvareli in the Kakheti region. 868:. Its wines had a high reputation in the Soviet Union. Currently, the wine is produced by thousands of small farmers (using primarily traditional techniques of wine-making), as well as certain monasteries and modern wineries. 813:

outside of Georgia and imported into Russia under the auspices of being Georgian produced. Some winemakers in Georgia have also been known to import grapes and produce “falsified” Georgian Wine, leading then defense minister

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turned into wine when it was left buried through the winter in a shallow pit. This knowledge was nourished by experience, and from 6000 BC inhabitants of the current Georgia were cultivating grapes and burying clay vessels,

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is a port-type wine made from the Rkatsiteli grape variety cultivated in Kakheti. The wine has a mild oily taste, a low sugar content and a beautiful color. The alcohol content is 19%, sugar content 5%, titrated acidity 5

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is a white dry ordinary wine made from the Rkatsiteli and Mtsvane grape varieties. It has a straw color, a fine fruity bouquet and a full fresh and harmonious taste. Its strength is 10.0-12.5 vol.% and titrated acidity

1686:. The wine of dark-pomegranate color has a harmonious velvety taste with a chocolate flavor. It contains 10.5-12.0% alcohol, 3-5% sugar and has 5-7% titrated acidity. The wine has been manufactured since 1958. 912:

Georgia's territorial and climate conditions are optimal for wine-making. Extremes of weather are unusual: summers tend to be sunny and warm, and winters mild and frost-free. Natural springs abound, and the

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When ready for use, the wine contains 17% alcohol, 13% sugar and has 4-6 g/1 titrated acidity. It has been manufactured since 1980. At international exhibitions, Saamo was awarded 4 gold and 1 silver medal.

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pleasant specific bouquet with a fruity flavor, a fresh harmonious taste and savory astringency. Its strength is 10.5-13.0 vol.% and titrated acidity 6.5-8.0%. The wine has been produced since 1977.

2043: 1752:, which produces seventy percent of Georgia's grapes. Traditionally, Georgian wines carry the name of the source region, district, or village, much like French regional wines such as 1503:

is a pink table semi-dry wine produced since 1984. It is prepared using traditional technology from the Saperavi, Tavkveri, Asuretuli, Rkatsiteli and other grape varieties grown in

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is a natural semi-sweet white wine made from Tsolikauri in the Lechkhumi region. It has won one gold medal, two silver medals and one bronze medal in international competitions.

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is cultivated on the mountain slopes overhanging the banks of the Tskhenis-Tskali river, particularly in the Orbeli village and Samegrelo district (Western Georgia).

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districts. The wine is characterized by a harmonious taste with a fruity aroma. The alcohol content is 9–11.5%, sugar content 1-2%, titrated acidity 5-7 g/L.

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is a semi-sweet white wine made from a 40% Tsolikauri, 60% Tsitska blend. It has won 3 gold medals and one silver medal at international competitions.

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fine honey fragrance. It contains 18% alcohol, 10% sugar and has 4-6% titrated acidity. It was awarded 8 gold and one silver international medals.

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The continuous importance of winemaking and drinking in Georgian culture is also visible in various antique works of art. Many of the unearthed

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is the most important grape variety used to make Georgian white wines. It is also grown outside Georgia in Eastern and former USSR countries.

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in Georgian) and skins from their herd animals. The horns were cleaned, boiled, and polished, creating a unique and durable drinking vessel.

542:) for at least 8000 years. Due to millennia of winemaking and the prominent economic role it retains in Georgia to the present day, wine and 837: 4716: 4487: 4339: 4227: 3107: 1446:

in Mukuzani, Kakheti. The wine is sourced from the best wines of the vintage that have been fermented at controlled temperatures and with

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titrated acidity. The wine has been made since 1958. At international exhibitions, it has been awarded 6 gold and 5 silver medals.

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international wine competitions, the Kakheti wine was awarded one silver and one bronze medal. It has been produced since 1948.

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titrated acidity 3-7 g/L. At international competitions the wine has received 6 gold medals. It has been produced since 1928.

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is a madeira-type top-quality strong wine made from the Rkatsiteli, Khikhvi and Mtsvane grape varieties cultivated in the

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harmonious rich taste with a fruity flavor. It contains 10-12% alcohol, 3-5% sugar and has a titrated acidity of 5-6%.

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made from vine wood. For centuries, Georgians drank, and in some areas still drink, their wine from horns (called

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is a blend of Rkatsiteli and Mtsvane grapes from the micro-regions of Telavi and Kvareli in the Kakheti region.

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streams drain mineral-rich water into the valleys. Georgia's moderate climate and moist air, influenced by the

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During Soviet times wines produced in Georgia were very popular. In comparison with other Soviet wines from

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will expand its export markets and reduce the risk presented by any future unilateral embargoes by Russia.

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have contributed to the 2006 Russian embargo of Georgian wine, with Russia claiming that Georgia produced

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Bronze statue from the 7th century BC discovered during archaeological excavations in the city of

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grape varieties cultivated in the Khvanchkara vineyards, near the town of Ambrolauri in the

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should be closed”. The shipment of counterfeit wine has been primarily channeled through

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1.5-2.5% sugar and has 5-7% titrated acidity. The wine has been manufactured since 1981.

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Hornidge, Anna-Katharina; Shtaltovna, Anastasiya; Schetter, Conrad (2 February 2016).

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color. The alcohol content is 9–11.5%, sugar content 1-2%, titrated acidity 5-7 g/L.

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The Georgian feast: the vibrant culture and savory food of the Republic of Georgia

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competition the wine received one silver medal. It has been produced since 1977.

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is often blended with Rkatsiteli to impart a fruity, aromatic balance. In the

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of 2% (7,089,259 bottles), and to the United States of 48% (678,148 bottles).

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to note in 2006 that “ several wineries that are still producing fake wine in

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Georgia/Russia: Georgian Agriculture Minister In Moscow For Talks On Wine Ban

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competition it received 1 gold medal. The wine has been produced since 1977.

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Georgia ranks 2nd (in terms of volume) in grape production in the former

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managed customs checkpoints in the Russian occupied Georgian territories

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contains 10.5-12% alcohol, 1.5-2.5% sugar and has 5-7% titrated acidity.

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There are five main regions of viniculture, the principal region being

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Agricultural Knowledge and Knowledge Systems in Post-Soviet Societies

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ready wine contains 10.5-11.5% alcohol and has 5-7% titrated acidity.

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due to the Christianisation of the country. According to tradition,

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with wine pitchers and ornamented wine cups found in ancient tombs.

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added the ancient traditional Georgian winemaking method using the

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Rural Families in Soviet Georgia: A Case Study in Ratcha Province

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international exhibition, the wine has received one silver medal.

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titrated acidity 5-8 g/L. The wine has been produced since 1978.

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were used to ferment grape juice and to store up wine, but also

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From the 4th century AD, wine has gained further importance in

516:

in the world. The fertile valleys and protective slopes of the

2242:

Sloan Rules: Alfred P. Sloan and the Triumph of General Motors

3085: 1689:

Khvanchkara is a naturally semi-sweet red wine made from the

2020:"What's in a Kvevri? Georgia's Intangible Cultural Heritage" 1852:, a traditional vintage and rural harvest holiday in Georgia 1846:, a winemaking style believed to have originated in Georgia 1670:

Akhasheni is a naturally semi-sweet red wine made from the

637:

have been traced back by archeology to when people of the

934:

officially grown for commercial viticulture in Georgia:

2322: 2209:. Institut zur Erforschung der USSR. 1958. p. 70. 1674:

grape variety grown in the Akhasheni vineyards of the

1539:

is a naturally semi-dry red wine made from the unique

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USA: University of California Press. p. 4. 2063:"Position Unchanged On Russian WTO Negotiations" 800:As of 2016, Georgia exported 64% of its wine to 2057: 2055: 2053: 546:are entwined with Georgia's national identity. 533: 3873: 3387: 3101: 2338: 1892:Miquel Hudin & Daria Kholodolina (2017), 1497:been awarded one silver and one bronze medal. 838:Association Agreement with the European Union 833:, where no inspection and regulation occurs. 678:; others yet were used for drinking, such as 490: 8: 777:, many old Georgian vineyards were cut off. 1887: 1885: 569:(further divided into the micro-regions of 565:regions are in the country's east, such as 4609: 4531: 4448: 4282: 3905: 3880: 3866: 3858: 3394: 3380: 3372: 3108: 3094: 3086: 2591: 2345: 2331: 2323: 2304: 497: 483: 55: 36: 559:UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists 1970:Spilling, Michael; Wong, Winnie (2008). 1327:competitions, it received 4 gold medals. 1264:Traditionally, Georgian wines carry the 3286:Clarification and stabilization of wine 2263:Food Culture In Russia And Central Asia 1881: 39: 1895:Georgia: A guide to the cradle of wine 1299:is a dry white wine made from Mtsvani. 836:Georgia is optimistic that its recent 2244:, University of Chicago Press, 2002, 7: 2157:"Выросло производство вина в Грузии" 1949:"Unearthing Georgia's wine heritage" 2298:Stalin's million-dollar wine cellar 1709:, it was the favourite wine of the 4172:Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic 2261:Glenn Randall Mack, Asele Surina. 1861:List of Georgian wine appellations 1744:List of Georgian wine appellations 1583:list of Georgian wine appellations 1396:list of Georgian wine appellations 1260:List of Georgian wine appellations 25: 4022:Unification of the Georgian realm 2370:Annual growth cycle of grapevines 1792:Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti 1722:Wine-producing regions of Georgia 1442:is a dry red wine made from 100% 613:. This statue is the statue of a 587:Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti 4937:Agriculture in Georgia (country) 4267: 4141:Absorption by the Russian Empire 3349: 3057: 1823: 1809: 27:Wine making in Georgia (country) 2104:"Georgia's long road to Europe" 2067:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 1771:, containing the micro-regions 900:of 9% (58,384,540 bottles), to 745:, who preached Christianity in 662:vessels with an inside coat of 4157:Democratic Republic of Georgia 806:Political tensions with Russia 1: 3312:Glossary of viticulture terms 2286:Georgian National Wine Agency 1972:Cultures of The World Georgia 960:(Alexandreuli, Alexsandrouli) 888:(about 870,000 bottles), and 884:(about 1.2 million bottles), 876:(about 7.5 million bottles), 625:Chateau Zegaani Vineyards in 4417:Russian-occupied territories 4248:Timeline of Georgian history 3317:Glossary of winemaking terms 2454: 2300:; BBC World Service; Outlook 1089:district in Western Georgia. 1085:is cultivated mostly in the 844:Viticulture in Georgia today 1380:extractability over 25 g/L. 880:(about 2 million bottles), 722:Georgian museums display a 4953: 3976:Christianization of Iberia 3237:Yeast assimilable nitrogen 1741: 1257: 29: 4873: 4612: 4534: 4451: 4285: 4265: 4131:Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti 4104:Principality of Mingrelia 3345: 3327:History of the wine press 3217:Sparkling wine production 3051: 2320: 2265:, Greenwood Press, 2005, 2181:Goldstein, Darra (1958). 589:, and coastal areas like 534: 32:Georgia (U.S. state) wine 4385:Administrative divisions 4126:Shah Abbas I's invasions 4089:Principality of Abkhazia 4032:First Kingdom of Kakheti 3322:Wine tasting descriptors 3043:Wine tasting descriptors 2972:Phenolic content in wine 2864:Alternative wine closure 2448:Great French Wine Blight 929:Georgian grape varieties 514:wine-producing countries 30:Not to be confused with 4094:Principality of Svaneti 4017:Kingdom of the Iberians 3921:Shulaveri–Shomu culture 3212:Malolactic fermentation 3992:Principality of Iberia 3594:Bosnia and Herzegovina 1871:Agriculture in Georgia 1739: 1448:selected yeast strains 1414: 1109: 947: 857: 797: 633:The roots of Georgian 630: 618: 4136:1795 Persian Invasion 4099:Principality of Guria 3013:Wine and food pairing 1729: 1409: 1386:(white), named after 1107: 945: 851: 783: 775:anti-alcohol campaign 641:discovered that wild 624: 608: 512:is one of the oldest 4732:World Heritage Sites 4315:Environmental issues 2664:Muscat of Alexandria 1730:Grape harvesting in 1254:Georgian wine styles 1202:Mtsvane means green. 4182:Independent Georgia 4012:Kingdom of Abkhazia 3926:Kura–Araxes culture 3916:Prehistoric Georgia 3242:Yeast in winemaking 3194:Carbonic maceration 2223:, Routledge, 1988, 892:(590,000 bottles). 4574:Telecommunications 4202:Russo-Georgian War 4116:Kingdom of Kakheti 4084:Kingdom of Imereti 4079:Turkmen incursions 4074:Samtskhe atabegate 4037:Kingdom of Georgia 4007:Emirate of Tbilisi 3997:Bagrationi dynasty 3232:Traditional method 3033:Wine personalities 2737:Cabernet Sauvignon 2291:2017-05-05 at the 1740: 1701:region of western 1576:Saperavi Dzelshavi 1571:Rkatsiteli Mtsvani 1415: 1110: 948: 915:Caucasus Mountains 908:Growing conditions 858: 815:Irakli Okruashvili 798: 631: 619: 142:Ispanakhi Matsvnit 48:ქართული სამზარეულო 4909: 4908: 4869: 4868: 4762:Ethnic minorities 4691: 4684: 4677: 4670: 4599: 4598: 4521: 4520: 4503:Political parties 4466:Foreign relations 4438: 4437: 4263: 4262: 4167:Red Army invasion 4111:Kingdom of Kartli 4069:Timur's invasions 4052:Battle of Didgori 4027:Kingdom of Hereti 3956:Kingdom of Iberia 3855: 3854: 3369: 3368: 3363: 3362: 3133:Late harvest wine 3083: 3082: 2820: 2819: 2717:Alicante Bouschet 2465:Judgment of Paris 2240:David R. Farber. 2219:Tamara Dragadze. 2069:. 2 February 2012 1981:978-0-7614-3033-9 1856:Sweetness of wine 1242:Tsulukidzis Tetra 1211:Mtsvivani Rachuli 1206:Mtsvivani kakhuri 1200:Georgian language 1093:Zakatalis Tsiteli 1040:Otskhanuri Sapere 852:Georgian nursery 788:displayed at the 771:Mikhail Gorbachev 561:. The best-known 557:clay jars to the 528:wine production ( 507: 506: 66:Dishes and sauces 50: 16:(Redirected from 4944: 4889: 4882: 4687: 4680: 4673: 4666: 4610: 4532: 4449: 4390:Cities and towns 4325:Greater Caucasus 4283: 4271: 4233:Military history 4218:Names of Georgia 4064:Mongol invasions 3936:Colchian culture 3931:Trialeti culture 3906: 3882: 3875: 3868: 3859: 3396: 3389: 3382: 3373: 3354: 3353: 3110: 3103: 3096: 3087: 3062: 3061: 2977:Proteins in wine 2644:Grüner Veltliner 2592: 2347: 2340: 2333: 2324: 2305: 2274: 2259: 2253: 2238: 2232: 2217: 2211: 2210: 2207:Caucasian review 2203: 2197: 2196: 2178: 2172: 2171: 2169: 2167: 2153: 2147: 2146: 2126: 2120: 2119: 2117: 2115: 2100: 2094: 2085: 2079: 2078: 2076: 2074: 2059: 2048: 2047: 2040: 2034: 2033: 2031: 2030: 2016: 2010: 2009: 2007: 2006: 1992: 1986: 1985: 1967: 1961: 1960: 1958: 1956: 1944: 1938: 1937: 1935: 1934: 1925:. Archived from 1919: 1913: 1912: 1889: 1833: 1828: 1827: 1826: 1819: 1814: 1813: 1760:. As with these 1682:, a province of 1146:Dondghlabi Tetri 1108:Rkatsiteli grape 1005:Gabekhauri Shavi 969:Arabeuli Tsiteli 739:Georgian culture 537: 536: 524:cultivation and 499: 492: 485: 272:Wines and drinks 82:Abkhazian cheese 59: 49: 46: 43: 42:Georgian cuisine 37: 21: 4952: 4951: 4947: 4946: 4945: 4943: 4942: 4941: 4932:Wine by country 4927:Georgian drinks 4912: 4911: 4910: 4905: 4892: 4885: 4878: 4865: 4800: 4743: 4717:Public holidays 4595: 4559:Lari (currency) 4517: 4488:Law enforcement 4434: 4411: 4371: 4350:Protected areas 4335:Lesser Caucasus 4272: 4259: 4206: 4197:Rose Revolution 4192:War in Abkhazia 4177:April 9 tragedy 4145: 4121:Safavid Georgia 3980: 3971:Sasanian Iberia 3895: 3886: 3856: 3851: 3805: 3784: 3758: 3684:North Macedonia 3567: 3456: 3405: 3403:Wine by country 3400: 3370: 3365: 3364: 3359: 3356:Wine portal 3348: 3341: 3332:History of wine 3290: 3274: 3246: 3198: 3180: 3161:Deacidification 3147: 3119: 3114: 3084: 3079: 3064:Wine portal 3056: 3047: 2986: 2948: 2853: 2843: 2816: 2703: 2684:Sauvignon blanc 2619:Cayetana blanca 2587: 2585:grape varieties 2578: 2471: 2399: 2356: 2351: 2316: 2293:Wayback Machine 2282: 2277: 2260: 2256: 2239: 2235: 2218: 2214: 2205: 2204: 2200: 2193: 2180: 2179: 2175: 2165: 2163: 2155: 2154: 2150: 2143: 2128: 2127: 2123: 2113: 2111: 2102: 2101: 2097: 2093:April 13, 2006. 2086: 2082: 2072: 2070: 2061: 2060: 2051: 2042: 2041: 2037: 2028: 2026: 2018: 2017: 2013: 2004: 2002: 1994: 1993: 1989: 1982: 1974:. p. 128. 1969: 1968: 1964: 1954: 1952: 1946: 1945: 1941: 1932: 1930: 1921: 1920: 1916: 1910: 1902:, p. 300, 1891: 1890: 1883: 1879: 1829: 1824: 1822: 1815: 1808: 1805: 1746: 1736:Grigory Gagarin 1724: 1663: 1591: 1561:(White and Red) 1404: 1275: 1262: 1256: 1251: 1247:Zakatalis Tetri 1166:Kapistoni Tetri 1125:Budeshuri Tetri 1102: 1097: 1020:Kapistoni Shavi 974:Asuretuli Shavi 940: 931: 910: 846: 730:, and numerous 603: 503: 474: 473: 429: 421: 420: 273: 265: 264: 77:Georgian cheese 67: 47: 45: 41: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 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2987: 2985: 2984: 2982:Sugars in wine 2979: 2974: 2969: 2964: 2958: 2956: 2954:Wine chemistry 2950: 2949: 2947: 2946: 2941: 2936: 2931: 2929:Wine dispenser 2926: 2921: 2916: 2911: 2906: 2901: 2896: 2891: 2886: 2881: 2876: 2871: 2866: 2860: 2858: 2845: 2844: 2842: 2841: 2836: 2830: 2828: 2822: 2821: 2818: 2817: 2815: 2814: 2809: 2804: 2799: 2794: 2789: 2784: 2779: 2774: 2769: 2764: 2759: 2754: 2749: 2744: 2739: 2734: 2732:Cabernet Franc 2729: 2724: 2719: 2713: 2711: 2705: 2704: 2702: 2701: 2699:Welschriesling 2696: 2691: 2686: 2681: 2676: 2671: 2666: 2661: 2656: 2654:Müller-Thurgau 2651: 2646: 2641: 2636: 2631: 2626: 2621: 2616: 2611: 2606: 2600: 2598: 2589: 2580: 2579: 2577: 2576: 2575: 2574: 2569: 2564: 2559: 2554: 2545: 2544: 2543: 2542: 2537: 2532: 2527: 2522: 2517: 2506: 2505: 2500: 2495: 2490: 2485: 2479: 2477: 2473: 2472: 2470: 2469: 2468: 2467: 2457: 2452: 2451: 2450: 2440: 2439: 2438: 2433: 2428: 2423: 2421:Ancient Greece 2418: 2409: 2407: 2401: 2400: 2398: 2397: 2392: 2387: 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4555: 4552: 4550: 4547: 4545: 4542: 4540: 4537: 4536: 4533: 4530: 4528: 4524: 4514: 4511: 4509: 4506: 4504: 4501: 4499: 4496: 4494: 4491: 4489: 4486: 4482: 4479: 4478: 4477: 4474: 4472: 4469: 4467: 4464: 4462: 4459: 4457: 4454: 4453: 4450: 4447: 4445: 4441: 4431: 4430:South Ossetia 4428: 4426: 4423: 4422: 4420: 4418: 4414: 4408: 4407: 4403: 4401: 4398: 4396: 4393: 4391: 4388: 4386: 4383: 4382: 4380: 4378: 4374: 4368: 4367: 4363: 4361: 4358: 4356: 4353: 4351: 4348: 4346: 4343: 4341: 4338: 4336: 4333: 4331: 4328: 4326: 4323: 4321: 4318: 4316: 4313: 4311: 4308: 4306: 4303: 4301: 4298: 4296: 4293: 4291: 4288: 4287: 4284: 4281: 4279: 4275: 4270: 4256: 4255: 4251: 4249: 4246: 4244: 4241: 4239: 4236: 4234: 4231: 4229: 4226: 4224: 4221: 4219: 4216: 4215: 4213: 4209: 4203: 4200: 4198: 4195: 4193: 4190: 4188: 4185: 4183: 4180: 4178: 4175: 4173: 4170: 4168: 4165: 4163: 4160: 4158: 4155: 4154: 4152: 4148: 4142: 4139: 4137: 4134: 4132: 4129: 4127: 4124: 4122: 4119: 4117: 4114: 4112: 4109: 4105: 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3675: 3672: 3670: 3667: 3665: 3662: 3660: 3659:Liechtenstein 3657: 3655: 3652: 3650: 3647: 3645: 3642: 3640: 3637: 3635: 3632: 3630: 3627: 3625: 3622: 3620: 3617: 3615: 3612: 3610: 3607: 3605: 3602: 3600: 3597: 3595: 3592: 3590: 3587: 3585: 3582: 3580: 3577: 3576: 3574: 3570: 3564: 3561: 3559: 3556: 3554: 3551: 3549: 3546: 3544: 3541: 3539: 3536: 3534: 3531: 3529: 3526: 3524: 3521: 3519: 3516: 3514: 3511: 3509: 3506: 3504: 3501: 3499: 3496: 3494: 3491: 3489: 3486: 3484: 3481: 3479: 3476: 3474: 3471: 3469: 3466: 3465: 3463: 3459: 3453: 3450: 3448: 3445: 3443: 3440: 3438: 3435: 3433: 3430: 3428: 3425: 3423: 3420: 3418: 3415: 3414: 3412: 3408: 3404: 3397: 3392: 3390: 3385: 3383: 3378: 3377: 3374: 3358: 3357: 3352: 3344: 3338: 3335: 3333: 3330: 3328: 3325: 3323: 3320: 3318: 3315: 3313: 3310: 3308: 3305: 3303: 3300: 3299: 3297: 3293: 3287: 3284: 3283: 3281: 3277: 3271: 3268: 3266: 3263: 3261: 3258: 3257: 3255: 3253: 3249: 3243: 3240: 3238: 3235: 3233: 3230: 3228: 3225: 3223: 3220: 3218: 3215: 3213: 3210: 3209: 3207: 3205: 3201: 3195: 3192: 3191: 3189: 3187: 3183: 3177: 3174: 3172: 3169: 3167: 3164: 3162: 3159: 3158: 3156: 3154: 3150: 3144: 3141: 3139: 3136: 3134: 3131: 3130: 3128: 3126: 3122: 3118: 3111: 3106: 3104: 3099: 3097: 3092: 3091: 3088: 3076: 3073: 3071: 3068: 3066: 3065: 3060: 3054: 3053: 3050: 3044: 3041: 3039: 3036: 3034: 3031: 3029: 3026: 3024: 3021: 3019: 3016: 3014: 3011: 3009: 3006: 3004: 3001: 2999: 2996: 2995: 2993: 2989: 2983: 2980: 2978: 2975: 2973: 2970: 2968: 2967:Acids in wine 2965: 2963: 2962:Aroma of wine 2960: 2959: 2957: 2955: 2951: 2945: 2942: 2940: 2937: 2935: 2932: 2930: 2927: 2925: 2922: 2920: 2917: 2915: 2912: 2910: 2907: 2905: 2902: 2900: 2897: 2895: 2892: 2890: 2887: 2885: 2882: 2880: 2877: 2875: 2872: 2870: 2867: 2865: 2862: 2861: 2859: 2857: 2851: 2846: 2840: 2837: 2835: 2832: 2831: 2829: 2827: 2826:Major regions 2823: 2813: 2810: 2808: 2805: 2803: 2800: 2798: 2795: 2793: 2790: 2788: 2785: 2783: 2782:Montepulciano 2780: 2778: 2775: 2773: 2770: 2768: 2765: 2763: 2760: 2758: 2755: 2753: 2750: 2748: 2745: 2743: 2740: 2738: 2735: 2733: 2730: 2728: 2725: 2723: 2720: 2718: 2715: 2714: 2712: 2710: 2706: 2700: 2697: 2695: 2692: 2690: 2687: 2685: 2682: 2680: 2677: 2675: 2672: 2670: 2667: 2665: 2662: 2660: 2657: 2655: 2652: 2650: 2647: 2645: 2642: 2640: 2637: 2635: 2632: 2630: 2627: 2625: 2622: 2620: 2617: 2615: 2612: 2610: 2607: 2605: 2602: 2601: 2599: 2597: 2593: 2590: 2586: 2581: 2573: 2570: 2568: 2565: 2563: 2560: 2558: 2555: 2553: 2550: 2549: 2547: 2546: 2541: 2538: 2536: 2533: 2531: 2528: 2526: 2523: 2521: 2518: 2516: 2513: 2512: 2511: 2508: 2507: 2504: 2501: 2499: 2496: 2494: 2491: 2489: 2486: 2484: 2481: 2480: 2478: 2474: 2466: 2463: 2462: 2461: 2458: 2456: 2453: 2449: 2446: 2445: 2444: 2441: 2437: 2434: 2432: 2429: 2427: 2424: 2422: 2419: 2417: 2414: 2413: 2411: 2410: 2408: 2406: 2402: 2396: 2393: 2391: 2388: 2386: 2383: 2381: 2378: 2376: 2373: 2371: 2368: 2367: 2365: 2363: 2359: 2355: 2348: 2343: 2341: 2336: 2334: 2329: 2328: 2325: 2319: 2315: 2311: 2306: 2299: 2296: 2294: 2290: 2287: 2284: 2283: 2279: 2272: 2271:0-313-32773-4 2268: 2264: 2258: 2255: 2251: 2250:0-226-23804-0 2247: 2243: 2237: 2234: 2230: 2229:0-415-00619-8 2226: 2222: 2216: 2213: 2208: 2202: 2199: 2194: 2192:0-520-21929-5 2188: 2184: 2177: 2174: 2162: 2158: 2152: 2149: 2144: 2142:9783034320061 2138: 2134: 2133: 2125: 2122: 2109: 2105: 2099: 2096: 2092: 2089: 2084: 2081: 2068: 2064: 2058: 2056: 2054: 2050: 2045: 2039: 2036: 2025: 2021: 2015: 2012: 2001: 1997: 1991: 1988: 1983: 1977: 1973: 1966: 1963: 1950: 1943: 1940: 1929:on 2015-04-15 1928: 1924: 1918: 1915: 1911: 1905: 1901: 1897: 1896: 1888: 1886: 1882: 1876: 1872: 1869: 1867: 1864: 1862: 1859: 1857: 1854: 1851: 1848: 1845: 1842: 1840: 1837: 1836: 1832: 1821: 1818: 1812: 1807: 1802: 1798: 1795: 1793: 1790: 1788: 1785: 1783: 1780: 1778: 1774: 1770: 1767: 1766: 1765: 1763: 1759: 1755: 1751: 1745: 1737: 1733: 1728: 1721: 1716: 1715:Joseph Stalin 1712: 1708: 1704: 1700: 1696: 1692: 1688: 1685: 1681: 1677: 1673: 1669: 1665: 1664: 1660: 1654: 1651: 1647: 1644: 1640: 1637: 1633: 1629: 1626: 1622: 1619: 1615: 1611: 1607: 1603: 1600: 1596: 1593: 1592: 1588: 1586: 1584: 1577: 1574: 1572: 1569: 1566: 1563: 1560: 1557: 1553: 1550: 1546: 1542: 1541:Aleksandrouli 1538: 1535: 1531: 1528: 1524: 1521: 1518: 1514: 1510: 1506: 1502: 1499: 1495: 1492: 1488: 1485: 1481: 1478: 1474: 1471: 1467: 1464: 1460: 1457: 1455: 1452: 1449: 1445: 1441: 1438: 1434: 1431: 1427: 1424: 1420: 1417: 1416: 1413: 1408: 1401: 1399: 1397: 1389: 1388:Alazani river 1385: 1382: 1378: 1375: 1371: 1368: 1364: 1361: 1357: 1353: 1350: 1346: 1343: 1339: 1336: 1332: 1329: 1325: 1322: 1318: 1315: 1311: 1308: 1304: 1301: 1298: 1295: 1292: 1289: 1286: 1283: 1280: 1277: 1276: 1272: 1270: 1267: 1261: 1253: 1248: 1245: 1243: 1240: 1238: 1235: 1233: 1230: 1228: 1225: 1222: 1219: 1217: 1214: 1212: 1209: 1207: 1204: 1201: 1197: 1194: 1192: 1189: 1187: 1184: 1182: 1179: 1176: 1172: 1169: 1167: 1164: 1162: 1159: 1157: 1154: 1152: 1149: 1147: 1144: 1142: 1139: 1136: 1133: 1131: 1128: 1126: 1123: 1121: 1118: 1116: 1113: 1112: 1106: 1099: 1094: 1091: 1088: 1087:Zubi-Okureshi 1084: 1081: 1079: 1076: 1074: 1071: 1069: 1066: 1064: 1061: 1057: 1054: 1052: 1049: 1046: 1043: 1041: 1038: 1036: 1033: 1031: 1028: 1026: 1023: 1021: 1018: 1016: 1013: 1011: 1008: 1006: 1003: 1001: 998: 996: 993: 991: 988: 986: 983: 981: 978: 975: 972: 970: 967: 965: 962: 959: 956: 954: 951: 950: 944: 937: 935: 928: 926: 924: 920: 916: 907: 905: 903: 899: 893: 891: 887: 883: 879: 875: 869: 867: 863: 855: 850: 843: 841: 839: 834: 832: 831:South Ossetia 828: 824: 820: 816: 811: 807: 803: 795: 791: 787: 782: 778: 776: 772: 767: 763: 758: 756: 752: 748: 744: 740: 735: 733: 729: 725: 720: 716: 712: 707: 705: 701: 697: 693: 689: 685: 681: 677: 673: 669: 665: 661: 658:, very large 657: 651: 649: 644: 640: 636: 628: 623: 616: 612: 607: 600: 598: 596: 592: 588: 584: 580: 576: 572: 568: 564: 563:Georgian wine 560: 556: 552: 547: 545: 541: 531: 527: 523: 520:were home to 519: 515: 511: 500: 495: 493: 488: 486: 481: 480: 478: 477: 470: 469:Khmeli suneli 467: 465: 464:Utskho suneli 462: 460: 457: 455: 452: 450: 447: 445: 442: 440: 437: 435: 432: 431: 425: 424: 417: 414: 412: 409: 407: 404: 402: 401:Lagidze water 399: 397: 394: 392: 389: 387: 384: 383:other drinks: 381: 379: 376: 374: 371: 369: 366: 364: 361: 359: 356: 354: 351: 349: 346: 344: 341: 339: 336: 334: 331: 329: 326: 324: 321: 319: 316: 314: 311: 309: 306: 304: 301: 299: 296: 294: 293:Aleksandrouli 291: 289: 286: 284: 281: 279: 278:Georgian wine 276: 275: 269: 268: 261: 258: 256: 253: 251: 248: 245: 243: 240: 238: 235: 233: 230: 228: 225: 223: 220: 218: 215: 213: 210: 208: 205: 203: 200: 198: 195: 193: 190: 188: 185: 183: 180: 178: 175: 173: 170: 168: 165: 163: 160: 158: 155: 153: 150: 148: 145: 143: 140: 138: 135: 133: 130: 128: 125: 123: 120: 118: 115: 113: 110: 108: 105: 103: 100: 98: 95: 93: 90: 88: 85: 83: 80: 78: 75: 73: 70: 69: 63: 62: 58: 54: 53: 44: 38: 33: 19: 4842:Saint George 4827:Coat of arms 4793: 4749:Demographics 4736: 4646: 4622:Architecture 4588: 4544:Central bank 4476:Human rights 4456:Constitution 4404: 4377:Subdivisions 4364: 4252: 4162:Armenian War 3628: 3442:South Africa 3347: 3204:Fermentation 3055: 3038:Wine tasting 2659:Muscat blanc 2629:Chenin blanc 2426:Ancient Rome 2262: 2257: 2241: 2236: 2220: 2215: 2206: 2201: 2182: 2176: 2164:. Retrieved 2160: 2151: 2131: 2124: 2112:. Retrieved 2107: 2098: 2083: 2071:. Retrieved 2066: 2038: 2027:. Retrieved 2023: 2014: 2003:. Retrieved 1999: 1990: 1971: 1965: 1953:. Retrieved 1942: 1931:. Retrieved 1927:the original 1917: 1894: 1762:French wines 1747: 1707:Kindzmarauli 1695:Mudzhuretuli 1691:Alexandrouli 1678:district in 1580: 1545:Mudzhuretuli 1433:Kindzmarauli 1393: 1303:Alaznis Veli 1263: 1186:Kundza Tetri 1173:is grown in 1161:Kakhis Tetri 1100:White grapes 1073:Tamaris Vazi 1063:Skhilatubani 958:Alexandrouli 932: 922: 911: 894: 870: 862:Soviet Union 859: 835: 799: 784:Traditional 759: 754: 736: 708: 703: 699: 696:deda-khelada 695: 691: 687: 683: 679: 675: 671: 667: 652: 632: 562: 548: 539: 508: 382: 318:Kindzmarauli 277: 246: 102:Chakhokhbili 4784:Health care 4539:Agriculture 4310:Earthquakes 4047:Seljuk wars 3801:New Zealand 3744:Switzerland 3689:Netherlands 3538:Philippines 3307:Wine bottle 3279:Other steps 3270:Wine cellar 3227:Süssreserve 2919:Wine cellar 2909:Wine bottle 2850:accessories 2848:Packaging, 2807:Tempranillo 2436:Noah's wine 2416:Phoenicians 2362:Viticulture 2166:21 February 2073:21 February 1955:21 February 1817:Wine portal 1661:Wine styles 1505:Tetritskaro 1480:Usakhelauri 1426:Khvanchkara 1410:A glass of 1266:appellation 1137:(Chinebuli) 1083:Usakhelauri 995:Danakharuli 810:counterfeit 666:. Not only 660:earthenware 643:grape juice 635:viticulture 544:viticulture 373:Usakhelauri 313:Khvanchkara 222:Shotis puri 132:Churchkhela 112:Chashushuli 87:Ajapsandali 18:Khvanchkara 4916:Categories 4854:Saint Nino 4682:Mingrelian 4663:Languages 4498:Parliament 4471:Government 4059:Golden Age 3714:San Marino 3679:Montenegro 3664:Luxembourg 3518:Kazakhstan 3478:Azerbaijan 3186:Maceration 3176:Wine press 3166:Destemming 3117:Winemaking 3023:Wine fraud 3018:Wine fault 3003:Oenophilia 2939:Wine label 2934:Wine glass 2899:Port tongs 2797:Sangiovese 2792:Pinot noir 2752:Douce noir 2679:Rkatsiteli 2624:Chardonnay 2614:Catarratto 2588:by acreage 2562:Biodynamic 2525:Aromatized 2314:winemaking 2029:2019-09-09 2024:World Bank 2005:2019-09-09 1933:2015-04-15 1877:References 1866:Winemaking 1844:Amber wine 1676:Gurdzhaani 1595:Kardanakhi 1501:Mtatsminda 1285:Tsinandali 1258:See also: 1237:Tsolikauri 1221:Rkatsiteli 1175:Kardanakhi 1141:Chvitiluri 1068:Shavkapito 1035:Mujuretuli 1030:Mtevandidi 1000:Dzvelshava 953:Aladasturi 938:Red grapes 878:Kazakhstan 792:office in 743:Saint Nino 732:sarcophagi 726:depicting 378:Vazisubani 363:Tsolikouri 358:Tsinandali 343:Rkatsiteli 333:Mujuretuli 323:Mtevandidi 242:Tonis puri 147:Khachapuri 122:Chikhirtma 4767:Georgians 4757:Education 4707:Mythology 4584:Transport 4549:Companies 4508:President 4461:Elections 4360:Volcanoes 4300:Black Sea 4278:Geography 4187:Civil War 4002:Arab rule 3966:Roman era 3817:Argentina 3796:Australia 3533:Palestine 3138:Noble rot 3028:Winemaker 3008:Sommelier 2944:Wine rack 2924:Wine cork 2914:Wine cave 2904:Screw cap 2874:Corkscrew 2839:New World 2834:Old World 2812:Zinfandel 2787:Mourvèdre 2694:Trebbiano 2634:Colombard 2535:Noble rot 2515:Fortified 2493:Sparkling 2460:New World 2252:, p. 146. 2091:rferl.org 1900:Vinologue 1621:Sighnaghi 1610:Sighnaghi 1589:Fortified 1581:See also 1466:Pirosmani 1454:Napareuli 1419:Akhasheni 1394:See also 1317:Tbilisuri 1279:Pirosmani 1156:Ingilouri 985:Chkhaveri 919:Black Sea 749:, bore a 692:chinchila 549:In 2013, 526:neolithic 522:grapevine 406:Nabeglavi 283:Akhasheni 255:Satsebeli 207:Pelamushi 172:Kuchmachi 127:Chkmeruli 97:Chakapuli 92:Badrijani 4896:Category 4822:Borjgali 4777:Diaspora 4722:Religion 4668:Georgian 4659:Gambling 4617:Alphabet 4493:Military 4444:Politics 4425:Abkhazia 4320:Glaciers 4223:Monarchs 4211:By topic 3893:articles 3837:Paraguay 3729:Slovenia 3724:Slovakia 3699:Portugal 3599:Bulgaria 3553:Thailand 3468:Abkhazia 3447:Tanzania 3427:Ethiopia 3153:Pressing 3075:Glossary 2991:Industry 2884:Jug wine 2879:Decanter 2869:Box wine 2767:Isabella 2762:Grenache 2742:Carignan 2689:Sémillon 2674:Riesling 2669:Palomino 2412:Ancient 2395:Vineyard 2390:Veraison 2375:Oenology 2289:Archived 2273:, p. 10. 2114:22 April 2108:BBC News 1803:See also 1758:Burgundy 1754:Bordeaux 1672:Saperavi 1653:Taribana 1646:Kolkheti 1606:Gurjaani 1559:Alaverdi 1552:Salkhino 1537:Barakoni 1517:Khashuri 1473:Saperavi 1459:Ojaleshi 1444:Saperavi 1440:Mukuzani 1412:Mukuzani 1310:Anakopia 1306:acidity. 1227:Sakmiela 1191:Melikuda 1181:Krakhuna 1078:Tavkveri 1056:Saperavi 1045:Ojaleshi 1010:Kachichi 980:Berbesho 854:vineyard 827:Abkhazia 762:Moldavia 676:satskhao 595:Abkhazia 530:Georgian 416:Tarkhuna 396:Eristoff 353:Tavkveri 348:Saperavi 338:Mukuzani 303:Barakoni 298:Badagoni 162:Khinkali 137:Gozinaki 107:Chanakhi 4880:Outline 4805:Symbols 4642:Cuisine 4605:Culture 4579:Tourism 4527:Economy 4400:Regions 4395:Tbilisi 4340:Mammals 4305:Climate 4290:Borders 4243:Battles 3951:Colchis 3946:Diauehi 3901:History 3889:Georgia 3847:Uruguay 3822:Bolivia 3789:Oceania 3749:Ukraine 3704:Romania 3674:Moldova 3649:Ireland 3644:Hungary 3634:Germany 3629:Georgia 3619:Denmark 3604:Croatia 3589:Belgium 3584:Austria 3579:Albania 3563:Vietnam 3523:Lebanon 3473:Armenia 3452:Tunisia 3437:Namibia 3432:Morocco 3417:Algeria 3337:Terroir 3295:Related 3143:Vintage 3125:Harvest 3070:Outline 2894:Muselet 2856:storage 2747:Cinsaut 2722:Barbera 2649:Macabeo 2609:Aligoté 2567:Organic 2557:Natural 2510:Dessert 2455:Georgia 2405:History 2385:Terroir 2380:Species 2231:, p. 7. 1787:Imereti 1777:Kvareli 1769:Kakheti 1750:Kakheti 1732:Kakheti 1713:leader 1703:Georgia 1684:Georgia 1680:Kakheti 1639:Marabda 1565:Alazani 1530:Sachino 1384:Alazani 1377:Shuamta 1345:Kakheti 1324:Khikhvi 1297:Mtsvane 1232:Tsitska 1196:Mtsvane 1171:Khikhvi 1135:Chinuri 1051:Paneshi 990:Chumuta 976:(Shala) 923:maglari 882:Belarus 874:Ukraine 866:Moldova 864:behind 823:Russian 728:Bacchus 680:khelada 668:kvevris 664:beeswax 656:Kvevris 648:kvevris 627:Kakheti 601:History 583:Imereti 575:Kvareli 567:Kakheti 510:Georgia 386:Borjomi 328:Mtsvane 308:Chinuri 288:Alazani 260:Tkemali 247:sauces: 227:Sulguni 217:Satsivi 192:Matsoni 182:Lobiani 167:Kubdari 152:Kharcho 4901:Portal 4812:Anthem 4727:Sports 4637:Cinema 4632:Chokha 4564:Mining 4554:Energy 4355:Rivers 4228:States 4150:Modern 3985:Middle 3961:Lazica 3941:Mushki 3891: 3827:Brazil 3775:Mexico 3770:Canada 3739:Sweden 3719:Serbia 3709:Russia 3694:Poland 3639:Greece 3624:France 3609:Cyprus 3572:Europe 3558:Turkey 3548:Taiwan 3513:Jordan 3503:Israel 3483:Bhutan 3410:Africa 3302:Winery 3265:Solera 2889:Kvevri 2777:Merlot 2772:Malbec 2572:Kosher 2548:Other 2503:Orange 2476:Styles 2443:France 2269: 2248: 2227: 2189: 2139: 1978: 1906: 1850:Rtveli 1797:Adjara 1782:Kartli 1773:Telavi 1711:Soviet 1693:& 1617:medal. 1494:Lykhny 1363:Gareji 1338:Gelati 1291:Tvishi 1151:Gorula 1059:wines. 898:Russia 890:Latvia 886:Poland 802:Russia 794:Geneva 786:Kvevri 766:Crimea 755:kantsi 747:Kartli 719:bronze 717:, and 711:silver 704:marani 702:, and 700:dzhami 615:Tamada 591:Adjara 579:Kartli 577:) and 571:Telavi 555:Kvevri 551:UNESCO 532:: 459:Tamada 449:Rtveli 439:Kantsi 434:Kvevri 411:Sairme 391:Chacha 368:Tvishi 237:Tklapi 212:Pkhali 202:Mujuji 197:Mchadi 177:Kupati 157:Khashi 4887:Index 4859:cross 4847:cross 4837:Motto 4789:Women 4712:Names 4702:Music 4697:Media 4654:Dance 4330:Lakes 4295:Birds 3909:Early 3832:Chile 3734:Spain 3669:Malta 3654:Italy 3543:Syria 3528:Nepal 3508:Japan 3493:India 3488:China 3422:Egypt 3252:Aging 2802:Syrah 2757:Gamay 2727:Bobal 2639:Glera 2604:Airén 2596:White 2552:Table 2540:Straw 2530:Fruit 2488:White 2431:China 2310:Wines 1951:. 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