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411:(common in the late 19th and early 20th century), Egan suggested that these types of understanding are not "stages" that are moved through, but toolkits to be added on: the mythic toolkit modifies the somatic, the romantic modifies the mythic and somatic, and so on. Also, there is no guarantee a person will gain all the toolkits — many people do not.
268:
primary cause of our long-continuing educational crisis"; the present educational program in much of the West attempts to integrate all three of these incompatible ideas, resulting in a failure to effectively achieve any of the three. Throughout his career, he attempted to develop a new theoretical grounding for education.
276:
Egan suggested that people learn through specific cognitive tools. These tools can be helpfully grouped into five "cultural toolkits", which (excepting the first) don't develop "naturally". Each was the centuries-long creation of a culture; a student can adopt them as they struggle to understand the
267:
Egan argued that, when facing these three appealing goals, educational leaders often seek a compromise by combining them together. This, he wrote, was a mistake, the fundamental cause of why schools struggle to educate students well: "these three ideas are mutually incompatible, and this is the
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Egan's lifelong work was to understand how these tools first developed in history, how they developed in the lives of individual learners, and how teachers could help students develop them to enrich their understanding of reality.
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Education, Egan argued, is the process of helping a student gain and wield these tools. Egan suggested that this approach provides an alternative to the traditional three contradictory goals of education.
346:: the ways of understanding the world that come when a person has already learned so much about a topic that they can think about it theoretically. These include the search for authority &
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216:, which was founded by the Faculty of Education at Simon Fraser University. The goal of this group is to improve education on a global scale by developing and proliferating the ideas of
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to give students the chance to develop their own understandings and skills through a process of self-discovery, allowing them to create themselves as individuals. (Egan called this the
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368:: the ways of understanding the world that come when a person has mastered all the previous toolkits, and finds them insufficient to describe the world. These tools include
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Egan argued that beneath many of the debates around schools was a more fundamental disagreement: what should the goal of education be? He pointed to three major options:
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Educational Theory as Theory of
Culture: A Vichian perspective on the educational theories of John Dewey and Kieran Egan
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Getting it Wrong from the
Beginning: Our Progressivist Inheritance from Herbert Spencer, John Dewey, and Jean Piaget
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Students, Egan observed, tend to add on these toolkits in the order they first developed. In sharp distinction from
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to give students the same understandings and habits to help them succeed in society. (Egan called this the
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314:: the ways of understanding the world that come when a person first learns to speak, including stories,
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Teaching as Story
Telling: An Alternative Approach to Teaching and Curriculum in the Elementary School
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to give students an understanding of truth, allowing them to change society. (Egan called this the
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Egan, K., & Judson, G. (2008). Of Whales and Wonder. Educational
Leadership, 65(6), 20-25.
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Kieran Egan (1997). The educated mind (page 13). Chicago: University of
Chicago Press.
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127:) that occur during a person's intellectual development. He has questioned the work of
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Egan, K. (2005). An imaginative approach to teaching. San
Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
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132:
336:: the ways of understanding the world that come when a person masters the skills of
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Romantic
Understanding: The Development of Rationality and Imagination, Ages 8-15
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magazine listed Egan as one of the "25 Visionaries Who Are
Changing Your World."
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Whole School
Projects: Engaging Imaginations Through Interdisciplinary Inquiry
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Children's Minds, Talking
Rabbits & Clockwork Oranges: Essays on Education
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470:. Teachers College Press, Columbia University, New York ; London.
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Imagination and the Engaged Learner: Cognitive Tools for the Classroom
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Teaching Literacy: Engaging the Imagination of New Readers and Writers
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Learning in Depth: A Simple Innovation that Can Transform Schooling
372:, an appreciation for the limits of understanding, and a flexible,
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Education and Psychology: Plato, Piaget, and Scientific Psychology
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323:
305:
249:
241:, and suggested it may have been the original purpose of schools.)
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Author, Professor of Education, Canada Research Chair in Education
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The Future of Education: Reimaging Our Schools from the Ground Up
865:"About the IERG — Imaginative Education Research Group Portal"
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The Educated Mind: How Cognitive Tools Shape Our Understanding
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ways of understanding the world that come even before a child
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Imagination in Teaching and Learning: The Middle School Years
941:, for the 21st Century Learning Initiative, September 1998
404:, and worked with students and teachers around the world.
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800:"Kieran Egan Obituary (1942 - 2022) The Globe and Mail"
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Educational Philosophy and Theory, Vol. 37, No. 4, 2005
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degree in history in 1966. He subsequently worked as a
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Primary Understanding: Education in Early Childhood
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66:
49:
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727:2000: Elected as Foreign Associate member of the
248:, and suggested that this goal was introduced by
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388:To do this, he drew from fields as diverse as
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1062:Stanford Graduate School of Education alumni
662:. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL.
180:at the Institute for Comparative Studies in
38:
27:
1042:Academic staff of Simon Fraser University
91:(22 May 1942 – 12 May 2022) was an Irish
16:Irish educational philosopher (1942–2022)
917:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
646:. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT.
566:. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
550:. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
518:. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
229:Criticism of previous education theories
19:For other people named Kieran Egan, see
761:
1077:Fellows of the Royal Society of Canada
1012:A brief guide to imaginative education
794:
792:
630:. Corwin Press, Thousand Oaks, Calif.
454:. Oxford University Press, New York.
438:. Fearon Publishers, Belmont, Calif.
198:Stanford Graduate School of Education
7:
694:. Teachers College Press, New York.
678:. Teachers College Press, New York.
598:. Yale University Press, New Haven.
582:. Teachers College Press, New York.
502:. Teachers College Press, New York.
214:Imaginative Education Research Group
212:Kieran Egan was the director of the
970:"Kieran Egan: Teacher of the Years"
611:An Imaginative Approach to Teaching
350:, general schemes & anomalies,
1067:Alumni of the University of London
614:. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, CA.
150:. His major work is the 1997 book
119:, with an emphasis on the uses of
14:
123:and the stages (Egan called them
914:The educated mind (introduction)
1097:21st-century Irish philosophers
1092:20th-century Irish philosophers
881:. Accessed on 13 November 2010
111:. He has written on issues in
1:
729:National Academy of Education
259:, and suggested it came from
1087:21st-century Irish educators
1082:20th-century Irish educators
937:D. James MacNeil, review of
200:. Egan completed his PhD at
21:Kieran Egan (disambiguation)
1057:Irish educational theorists
837:"Kieran Egan's "Press Kit""
1123:
736:Killam Research Fellowship
423:. He died on 12 May 2022.
272:"Cultural toolkits" theory
18:
1072:Cornell University alumni
1052:Educational psychologists
1037:Philosophers of education
499:Imagination and Education
164:Egan was born in 1942 in
37:
713:University of Louisville
435:Structural Communication
1007:Simon Fraser University
723:Royal Society of Canada
534:. Routledge, New York.
486:. Routledge, New York.
451:Educational Development
194:philosophy of education
184:. He then moved to the
148:Simon Fraser University
93:educational philosopher
742:Canada Research Chair
740:2001: Appointed to a
721:1993: Elected to the
409:Recapitulation theory
218:Imaginative Education
95:and a student of the
402:cognitive psychology
390:evolutionary history
318:, binary opposites,
257:"psychological" goal
239:"socialization" goal
182:Kingston upon Thames
170:University of London
105:cognitive psychology
1107:People from Clonmel
952:"1991- Kieran Egan"
344:Philosophic toolkit
338:reading and writing
135:educators, notably
1047:Irish philosophers
202:Cornell University
939:The educated mind
768:Theodora Polito,
706:Awards and honors
700:978-0-807-75714-7
684:978-0-807-75583-9
668:978-0-226-19043-3
652:978-0-300-11046-3
290:acquires language
153:The Educated Mind
117:child development
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958:on 10 June 2015.
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716:Grawemeyer Award
398:cultural history
334:Romantic toolkit
174:Bachelor of Arts
125:"understandings"
109:cultural history
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282:Somatic toolkit
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312:Mythic toolkit
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415:Personal life
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186:United States
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146:He taught at
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977:. Retrieved
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873:. Retrieved
869:the original
859:
847:. Retrieved
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807:. Retrieved
803:
769:
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744:in Education
718:in Education
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419:Egan was an
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394:anthropology
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343:
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292:, including
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188:and began a
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101:anthropology
88:
87:
72:(2022-05-12)
44:Egan in 2004
25:
1032:2022 deaths
1027:1942 births
909:Kieran Egan
875:13 November
844:Educ.sfu.ca
749:Utne Reader
356:experiments
133:progressive
129:Jean Piaget
121:imagination
89:Kieran Egan
70:12 May 2022
60:22 May 1942
32:Kieran Egan
1021:Categories
979:19 October
804:Legacy.com
756:References
427:Main works
352:hypotheses
160:Early life
141:John Dewey
79:Occupation
56:1942-05-22
370:ambiguity
316:metaphors
302:imitation
204:in 1972.
113:education
998:Homepage
974:Utne.com
911:(1997).
298:emotions
261:Rousseau
97:classics
849:19 July
809:19 July
421:atheist
328:riddles
277:world.
196:at the
192:in the
172:with a
166:Clonmel
62:Ireland
921:
894:
747:2010:
734:2001:
731:(U.S.)
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400:, and
358:, and
354:&
326:, and
304:, and
286:innate
284:: the
208:Career
107:, and
840:(PDF)
688:2015
672:2014
656:2010
640:2008
624:2006
608:2005
592:2002
576:1999
560:1997
544:1992
528:1990
512:1989
496:1988
480:1988
464:1983
448:1979
432:1976
348:truth
324:jokes
306:humor
250:Plato
981:2010
919:ISBN
892:ISBN
877:2010
851:2022
811:2022
696:ISBN
680:ISBN
664:ISBN
648:ISBN
632:ISBN
616:ISBN
600:ISBN
584:ISBN
568:ISBN
552:ISBN
536:ISBN
520:ISBN
504:ISBN
488:ISBN
472:ISBN
456:ISBN
440:ISBN
139:and
131:and
115:and
67:Died
50:Born
1005:at
190:PhD
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
