1306:
1398:
1193:
1590:
1735:
the former monarch, arguing that he deserved it. Sources differ on whether or not he was the son of Yahuar Huaca, although what is clear is that he belonged to Hanan Cusco and that he was presented to the rest of the world as his legitimate son and successor, probably with the intention to completely erase the traces of the uprising in order to preserve the continuity of power and avoid setting the example for future generations. Once chosen, Hatun Tupac took the name of
947:
379:
338:
1567:, became fond of him and decided to escape together with her relatives. Thus, one day when he went out to play with other children, he met the group at an agreed place and they hurriedly left the city. When the Ayarmacas were alerted, they pursued them until to the Huaypo Lake, around 31 km. from the city of Cusco, where after a skirmish they were forced to withdraw; from there he was returned to Cusco, and as a reward for the great favor done, the
299:
33:
1859:(a substitute for the Sapa Inca's absence in Cusco) with some of Hurin Cusco members' aid. However, he failed to garner enough support from the public or the rest of the nobility before ultimately taking his own life with poison, fearing punishment. Despite this, Viracocha remained uneasy and decided to resolve the threat by permanently appointing the
1699:
1072:
1734:
met to decide what to do, some proposed to set aside the position of the Sapa Inca and let prominent members of the state take over the government, while others argued that without a leader all the territory gained would be lost. As the conversation heated up, a woman proposed Hatun Tupac, nephew of
1138:
was attacked during the night but he was able to fight back and kill two men, injuring many more. Once started the rebellion, the Incas had two consecutive victories, which prompted a truce that was quickly broken by the rebels, however, during the third battle, the
Alcahuisa sinchi was captured and
2003:
Much to the disappointment of the population and the nobility, his short reign was the most disastrous in the history of Cusco. He spent the majority of his time with alcohol in recreational establishments throughout Cusco. He wasn't ashamed to display his genitals or toss urine-filled cups, and he
1842:
launched the fiery projectile with such force that it set a house's thatched roof ablaze instantly. As the people left their houses, an old woman claimed to have witnessed the stone fall from the sky, believing it to be a sign of divine retribution for their rebellious actions. Fearing defeat, they
1544:
people invited the boy with the excuse of visiting his mother's land and recognizing him as the future heir. At the town of
Micaocancha, they left him alone because they had to "farm their fields" and deliberately let him be kidnapped by the Ayarmacas in an ambush, who then took him to the town of
1813:
valley. This uprising in Cusco's vicinity served as an opportunity for the Muyna and
Pinagua chiefdoms to revolt once again, this time with support from the people of Rondocancha and Casacancha, who in turn were followed by attacks from Ayarmacas and Guaypomarcas. However, they were all defeated
1847:
pretended to be uninterested but then informed them that, had they not surrendered that day, he would have beaten them with large rafts that he had already ordered built. They subsequently sealed a peace agreement, and
Viracocha provided one of his women to the Caytomarca sinchi as a gift.
2015:
At no time did he try to build his own home, or build structures of any kind, he was also completely useless as a warrior. The discontent was complete among the Inca society such that many nobles wanted to overthrow him. At the head was Apo Mayta, who despite his intentions, feared
1545:
Amaru. Here, Tocay Capac ordered his men to kill him, but according to the legend, when the boy cried, blood began to come out of his eyes. Moved by the sight, the chieftain spared his life and sent him to graze herds, from where he was transferred for safety to the capital of the
661:
or chiefdom, and had the primary role to defend it in the event of an attack or invade other lands. It was temporal, but given that periods of conflict in the Andes could last for years or even decades, the term "sinchi" could be seen as equivalent for the
2000:, where the chosen heir began a period of fasting, rituals, and preparations for several days. On the appointed day, he emerged with the crown upon his head, performing additional sacrifices in the temple and staging grand celebrations throughout Cusco.
1037:
chiefdom, taking advantage of the opportunity offered by the death in combat of their leader, Tocay Capac. This heavily diminished the
Ayarmacas capability to pose a threat to the Incas for a long time, which allowed him to conquer the territory of the
1000:) took charge of Cusco. Although his name, "Generous warlord", indicates remarkable participation during the conquest of the valley, during his government he was unable to significantly expand Cusco's territory; among his works are the construction of
1139:
eventually imprisoned for life, while the lands owned by his people were split between the people of Cusco. Satisfied with the victory and having achieved the consolidation of his power around Cusco, he prepared his army for an expedition towards the
2559:
Sarmiento de Gamboa, Pedro (1572). "XXIII. Yahuar-Huaca Inca
Yupanqui, Inca siete, Comienza el Incazgo solo después de muerto su padre" [XXIII. Yahuar-Huaca Inca Yupanqui, Seventh Inca, His reign begins only after the death of his father].
1913:
region, were growing stronger. But since neither side wanted an all-out conflict due to their shared fear of each other, they sought an alliance with the Incas instead. Viracocha assured both of his support, but secretly promised his help to Curi,
963:
1222:) inherited a Cusco under the direct interest of his larger neighbours -now competitors- as it was no longer a small invader chiefdom struggling for survival but one fighting to gain power. He continued the project of his uncle by invading the
701:
1374:
peoples, Muyna Pongo and Huaman Tupac respectively, took advantage of the occasion and tried to gain independence, failing right after the first combat, where the first one died and the second one fled, never to be seen again.
1651:, probably with the intention of having influence over the government. They planned to ambush the young prince in the town of Paulo, and so sent an invitation, to which his father agreed, but had his son be accompanied by 40
1643:, and whom with he had his sons Paucar Ayllu and Pahuac Huallpa Mayta, the latter became his successor despite being the youngest between both. This disgusted the Huallacan chiefdom, who wanted Marcayuto -the son of
876:
in command, however, they had a total defeat thanks to the outstanding participation of Mama Huaco at the lead of the Inca forces, many were impaled by her order. Defeated, they fled the area towards the modern-day
1783:
and Capac
Yupanqui. The Coya had a shy personality, and so despite her position, she was unable to influence his husband's government to the same degree as some of his concubines, specially Curi Chulpi, from the
1825:
by mistreating one of his messengers and telling him that the Sapa Inca was crazy if he thought they would submit to his power since they didn't fear him, so they fortified themselves on the eastern bank of the
2004:
was also known for vomiting in the middle of the streets. Unconcerned with the feelings of his wife, the Coya, he spent his days with whichever women he desired, whether they were from low social status, young
1662:
ordered the razing of the town of Paulo, capital of the
Huallacan people, banishing some and massacring many others. After this tragic incident, the Sapa Inca prepared his army for an expedition towards the
1121:
The fourth of his brothers, it is said that in his first years of life, still only a child, he possessed the strength of an adolescent, great physical resistance, courage and bravery. During his reign, the
1048:
was an astute man and knew how to maintain good relations with Cusco's neighbour chiefdoms and ayllus in order to secure his territory and avoid unnecessary conflict; even managing to befriend some of the
2950:
1148:
Many chiefdoms allied with Cusco once the news spread of his victory in suppressing the rebellion, so he celebrated great feasts for his people. He married Mama
Tancaray, daughter of the chief of the
2975:
1834:. When the battle began, both sides hurled stones at each other across the river using slings, accompanied by loud shouts as in most conflicts, and continued for two days straight. Then one night,
1336:) was the first ruler who used the term "Inka" to refer to himself, which meant monarch or emperor, but as is known, it is also used to refer to the ethnic group, and during the empire, to the
1632:
as his brother's "right arm", the constant rebellions that occurred were likely due to the lack of soldiers in the conquered territories, so after discussing the matter both agreed on leaving
1667:, for which most of his confederate chiefdoms and ayllus lent themselves, attracted by the promise of making the war with "blood and fire", his project was interrupted by an uprising of the
1579:
Curi Ocllo, daughter of Inca Roca, was given to Tocay Capac, with whom he increased his harem. The Sapa Inca left many offspring at the end of his long reign, which were gathered in the
1636:
on each annexed land. After this, he conquered around 10 neighbouring ayllus from Cusco and had a son with a concubine whom he named Viccho Tupac, after an ayllu with the same name.
1586:, named after another of his sons, whom he put in charge of it. His reign was one of the best in Cusco's history and served as the foundation of what would become the Inca Empire.
1620:
when he succeeded his father, in commemoration of the event in his childhood. At the beginning of his reign, he had to put down another attempted rebellion by the sinchis of the
2960:
2955:
1294:, who conquered the now-isolated Quechua chiefdom. Capac Yupanqui assigned Quispe Yupanqui as his successor before dying, unfortunately, he was assassinated during the quick
2012:.To the wives of the noblemen he found attractive he would say "My children, how are they?" implying that he had been with them and her children were not from her husbands.
1498:, the valley's main river, using stone slabs that are still present today. He also mandated for the young members of the nobility to be instructed in the use of weapons and
1957:
ended with the curaca Curi emerging victorious. Viracocha quickly headed to the scene after receiving news of the outcome. The meeting between the two rulers took place in
1061:, which caused conflicts inside the macro-ethnic group. He married Mama Cahua, princess of the Uma ayllu, (for political reasons) and so his family was grouped within the
809:, where Manco Capac finally married Mama Ocllo according to the usual rites, apart from whom he had other wives, among them the fierce Mama Huaco. The Incas captured the
773:. Despite their nomadic character, on their journey they always stopped for a few years to farm in the surrounding areas of nearby villages or independent ayllus. From
1305:
563:
that began as a small city-state founded by the Incas around the start of 13th century. In time, through warfare or peaceful assimilation, it began to grow into the
1173:, who then killed 9 of his brothers and rounded up the rest to make them swear allegiance as to ensure his rule. Tarco Huaman was placed in charge of his father's
1894:, necessary products that he needed to compensate the services of his warriors and servants, in which he took great care so that the costumes of the nobility had
1274:
by sending him the princess Curi Hilpay to marry, from this union he had a son called Quispe
Yupanqui. Cusi Chimbo was another wife of his, sister of the first
1290:, she would end up poisoning his husband through a golden cup. This led to a political crisis in Cusco, and the ensuing chaos was taken advantage of by the
2985:
519:
2990:
1241:, and because he considered them "great warriors", he accepted the offer by sending pieces of gold and silver. Later, he went to conquer the chiefdom of
1730:, since many of the ex-Sapa Inca's sons were also killed in the attack. Without a clear candidate for the succession of the government, the rest of the
1536:
ayllus. After some years of conflict, both parties agreed to peace on the condition that the young Titu Cusi Huallpa had to be handed over to the
1421:
chiefdom. Probably confident in their victories until then, they weren't prepared for the sudden attack by the forces of Inca Roca, who recruited
1106:
to be kept inside the temple of the sun and for his uncle to replace him in power for some years, which may have been the reason behind his name "
1282:
called Mama Chimbo, she is described as "Cruel and with bad behavior, friend of banquets and drunkenness." Whether it was jealousy or a part of
575:
The government in Cusco was not much different than most chiefdoms in the region. It is likely that the title held by each ruler was that of a
2872:
2828:
2722:
2694:
2593:
2445:
2352:
2191:
2155:
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in favor of the nobility and fearing that the triumph of Cusco would increase their power. They took advantage of a party in Cusco in which
1639:
During this period of time there were no incidents with the Ayarmacas thanks to his marriage with Mama Chiquia, who ended up becoming the
1130:
ayllu after many years of fake allegiance, the excuse for the conflict was an incident between a man and a woman of opposing sides over a
922:, under the name of the Quisco ayllu, patronymic of their then chief. The recently founded city of Cusco was divided into four districts:
825:, declaring him an adult. Finally, they planned to capture the Huatanay river, which constitutes the main river of the entire valley of
631:("Powerful lord"), a title held by those in charge of some of the larger chiefdoms in the Andes. Similarly, there was also the title of
493:
1762:
of all the annexed lands, as was the tradition, and also by some of the neighboring nations. The one who stood out was the lord of the
1687:
along with others, but they were all killed at the entrance of the temple. The rebels could have sacked the city, but stopped due to a
1575:
chiefdom would eventually make an exchange of women: Mama Chiquia, daughter of Tocay Capac, was given to Titu Cusi Huallpa, while the
2508:
1169:
Tarco Huaman successfully replaced his father; but got only to reign briefly before he got deposed almost immediately by his cousin,
2258:
SINCHE: (also spelled sinchi) Quechua term for the elective office of a community war leader held temporarily in times of emergency.
2251:
1004:
and the importation of enormous quantities of soil to improve the fertility of the valley, as well as a war clash against the large
1838:
ordered a stone to be heated over a fire, wrapped in a certain mixture or piece of cloth and put into a sling with golden threads.
603:
for shorten, the latter would be used to describe the ethnic group as a whole in the future, but it also meant monarch or emperor.
1486:
instead of occupying the same one as his predecessor (i.e., the temple of the sun). He improved Cusco by building canals for the
712:
512:
2020:'s anger and revenge, since he functioned as co-ruler of his spoiled son, probably undertaking some administrative functions.
313:
1973:
1788:
ayllu, and mother of Inca Urco, the monarch's favorite son, and Inca Socso, who was left in charge of his father's lineage:
2103:
was a proper name and had no meaning, similarly, other sources don't bother to write the meaning of his name. In Quechua,
1557:
didn't dare to attack and rescue his son for fear that he would be killed in retaliation, the boy would remain within the
1233:) sent him an embassy with many gifts as a symbol of their alliance, and asked for his protection against the expanding
1864:
1707:
1255:; in the latter, he asked for bird cages as tribute, these were used in rites before going out on military campaigns.
1226:
peoples, which he defeated in just two battles, killing more than 6000 men. Due to his victory, the Quechua chiefdom (
1080:
868:
and Mama Coca, daughter of the sinchi; both groups began to operate in agreement afterwards. Given the situation, the
435:
70:
32:
1969:
was transported to a temple by priests in the middle of dances and music being performed to commemorate the event.
1878:
Once the order was restored, his government was focused on the construction of new homes, increasing the number of
505:
1516:
ended up marrying Cusi Chimbo as well, but the chosen Coya was ultimately the daughter of Sumaq Inca, head of the
2980:
2096:
1503:
1358:
Due to the political turmoil in the capital, several ayllus rebelled against the new government, among them the
2970:
1863:
himself, still choosing individuals from the Hurin dynasty but ensuring their loyalty beforehand. According to
1442:
905:
1270:
warriors a greater threat than that of its southern neighbors, for which reason they sought an alliance with
1809:, which he swiftly conquered. After this, he had to put down a minor rebellion led by the Pacaycacha in the
1930:
neighbours were peacefully annexed, for which he ordered the construction of a temple dedicated to the god
1571:
were treated as brothers of the capital from then on. In order to put an end to hostilities, Cusco and the
1397:
478:
1875:", but Mama Runtu prevented this by telling him that he would die if he broke the laws of his ancestors.
2965:
1954:
1648:
1238:
690:
449:
1589:
473:
1475:
1383:
1417:
after the defeat of the Quechuas, were now in a threatening position to invade both Cusco and the
946:
1775:
1563:
1483:
1247:
56:
1441:. Many years later, he rearmed his army and led another expedition that headed northeast to the
1192:
1394:, to the southwest, where he travelled and visited for a few days the temples that were there.
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2824:
2718:
2690:
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2441:
2358:
2348:
2247:
2241:
2187:
2151:
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1723:
1450:
1414:
1295:
1271:
1208:
1197:
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810:
541:
405:
400:
2932:
1814:
thanks to the military command of Vicaquirao and Apo Mayta, the latter being the grandson of
2092:
1923:
1767:
1433:
1115:
724:
468:
440:
60:
378:
1935:
1263:
1201:
1045:
1019:
967:
919:
900:
were expelled to the south. Something similar happened to the three remaining groups: the
892:, who put up strong resistance but were ultimately defeated anyway; the Alcachuisa chief,
728:
425:
128:
2398:
Cabello de Balboa, Miguel (1581). "Miscelánea Antártica" [Antarctic Miscellany].
1683:
to rise up in arms. Realizing that it was an insurrection, he went to take refuge at the
1561:
chiefdom for a year, until Chimor Orma, wife of Tocay Capac and daughter of the chief of
914:
were expelled to the northwest, to the valley that currently bears their name; while the
1695:
and probably fearing retaliation from the Cusco army, they all returned to their lands.
749:. After staying there for many years, the group divided into two: the first were called
2017:
1993:
1981:
1927:
1922:
chiefdom and taken their lands. On his way south, Viracocha successfully conquered the
1919:
1844:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1822:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1736:
1703:
1655:(Inca noblemen) as bodyguards with the order to kill anyone who posed a threat to him.
1507:
1427:
1386:
and conquered the town of Caytomarca, which he would eventually lose due to leaving no
1229:
1182:
1145:
people, to the southwest; but unfortunately died due to disease before his departure.
1076:
975:
910:
853:
766:
686:
488:
483:
430:
420:
318:
243:
198:
162:
2799:
2561:
1520:
ethnic group, called Mama Micay, whom he loved very much and with whom he had his son
1181:
by the new Sapa Inca to ensure the payment of "1000 bird cages from the Andes and the
657:
and military commander. This position was elected by the most prominent members of an
2944:
2933:"The Political Force of Images", Vistas: Visual Culture in Spanish America, 1520–1820
1980:
When Viracocha returned to Cusco, he expressed his desire to retire to his palace in
1946:
1906:
1883:
1773:
The newly appointed Sapa Inca chose Mama Runtu as his wife, daughter of the chief of
1763:
1134:, where Mayta Capac broke the leg of the Alcahuisa sinchi's son, in retaliation, the
878:
774:
758:
732:
720:
212:
2211:
1688:
1366:
had no effect and after a bloody battle he was jailed in Cusco. The sinchis of the
1337:
1150:
675:
415:
386:
745:
people, since they originated "without parents" from one of the "windows" called
1989:
1852:
1676:
1659:
1644:
1602:
1594:
1521:
1438:
1402:
1088:
1040:
986:
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865:
822:
802:
794:
786:
740:
638:
564:
463:
370:
331:
304:
225:
186:
140:
116:
104:
2228:
Inka: n.(his) inca; king; monarch; emperor; attribute given to men of nobility.
1102:) was put in charge after his father died of old age. It was necessary for the
2406:] (in Spanish) (1945 ed.). Quito: Editorial Ecuatoriana. p. 275.
1997:
1868:
1860:
1755:
1684:
1525:
1467:
1344:. Before this, it was most likely that Cusco's rulers simply had the title of
1287:
1163:
1135:
962:
818:
778:
621:), that could differ significantly in size and territory. Meanwhile, the term
2609:
de Santa Cruz Pachacuti, Juan (1879). "YAHUARHUACAC INCA YUPANQUI, 6° INCA".
2362:
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sought an alliance between opposing chiefdoms, he noticed the sinchi of the
637:("Great lord") with the same implication, which was still in use during the
595:
590:
395:
257:
239:
174:
85:
2400:
Verdadera Descripción y Relación de la Provincia y Tierra de las Esmeraldas
813:, which was under control of the Alcahuisa people, and did the same to the
2120:
Some sources describe these conflicts as conquests rather than rebellions.
1843:
crossed the river on rafts bearing offerings to reconcile with the Incas.
805:'s first haircut was celebrated. They continued their advance and reached
2005:
1958:
1715:
1679:
was drunk to hit him on the head, which was a signal for all the present
1672:
1633:
1576:
1572:
1558:
1546:
1537:
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1418:
1387:
1341:
1259:
1178:
1050:
1034:
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1001:
736:
618:
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and arranged for them to provide the Incas with supplies in the town of
700:
617:, a group of families with the same common ancestor or place of origin (
1891:
1791:
1731:
1582:
1174:
1162:. He also had many children, the eldest, named Cunti Mayta, was put as
1155:
1064:
1011:
981:
654:
1362:
whose chief, Cusi Huaman, was a sympathizer of the Hurin dynasty; the
2916:
The Incas. Economy, society and State in the era of the Tawantinsuyu.
2850:
The Incas. Economy, society and State in the era of the Tawantinsuyu.
2766:
The Incas. Economy, society and State in the era of the Tawantinsuyu.
2653:
The Incas. Economy, society and State in the era of the Tawantinsuyu.
2543:
The Incas. Economy, society and State in the age of the Tawantinsuyu.
2476:
The Incas. Economy, society and State in the era of the Tawantinsuyu.
2326:
The Incas. Economy, society and state in the era of the Tawantinsuyu.
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The Incas. Economy, society and state in the era of the Tawantinsuyu.
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chiefdoms with the help of Vicaquirao, which earned him the title of
1471:
1458:
1445:
River, conquering the surrounding towns but not passing through the "
1410:
1350:
1291:
1267:
1234:
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chiefdom. His descendants and family members were grouped within the
642:
578:
261:
2744:
The Incas. Economy, society and State in the era of the Tawantinsuyu
1698:
1494:
rivers to run through the heart of the city until both merge on the
1071:
641:
to refer to the heads of larger provinces, as was the case with the
1984:
and designate Inca Urco as his successor, who was formally titled "
1726:. What little remained of his family was grouped under the name of
2912:
Los Incas. Economía, sociedad y estado en la era del Tahuantinsuyo
2846:
Los Incas. Economía, sociedad y estado en la era del Tahuantinsuyo
2762:
Los Incas. Economía, sociedad y estado en la era del Tahuantinsuyo
2740:
Los Incas. Economía, sociedad y estado en la era del Tahuantinsuyo
2649:
Los Incas. Economía, sociedad y estado en la era del Tahuantinsuyo
2539:
Los Incas. Economía, sociedad y estado en la era del Tahuantinsuyo
2472:
Los Incas. Economía, sociedad y estado en la era del Tahuantinsuyo
2404:
True Description and Tale of the Province and Land of the Emeralds
2322:
Los Incas. Economía, sociedad y estado en la era del Tahuantinsuyo
2275:
Los Incas. Economía, sociedad y estado en la era del Tahuantinsuyo
2009:
1971:
1949:
learned of the Incas' secret alliance and decided to confront his
1872:
1588:
1499:
1396:
1304:
1191:
1070:
961:
864:, both examined the situation and decided on the marriage between
826:
770:
699:
613:
560:
556:
410:
46:
1953:
counterpart before their allies arrived, the resulting battle in
918:
were expelled to the outskirts of Cusco during the government of
1966:
1851:
While Viracocha's forces were outside the capital, a brother of
1692:
1658:
Despite the precautions, both were killed in the ambush, and so
1454:
1266:
and having heard the news of the conquests of Cusco, saw in the
1131:
356:
2570:] (in Spanish). Fundación El Libro Total. pp. 149–150.
1972:
1718:
of Yahuar Huaca resulted in chaos in Cusco, which allowed the
777:, they first stopped at Huanancancha, where Manco Capac took
1754:
appeared, and likely also to strengthen his legitimacy. His
1437:
independent chiefdoms, making them flee all the way back to
1166:, and he chose another named Tarco Huaman as his successor.
625:, which meant powerful, rich or mighty, could be used as in
2303:
by Pedro de Cieza de León. Printed for the Hakluyt Society.
1926:
chiefdom after meeting little resistance. Meanwhile, their
1766:, Chuchi Capac, who brought a large number of servants and
1262:
chiefdom, already recovered from the conflicts provoked by
1466:
did during his government was to replace his home at the
761:; and the second, who came out of the last window called
1532:
chiefdom, who upon hearing the news declared war on the
2951:
15th-century disestablishments in the Inca civilization
1961:, where they swore eternal peace by sharing a kero of
1478:
was put, thus giving rise to the tradition that each
829:, and had the presence of many nearby ethnic groups:
2976:
12th-century establishments in the Inca civilization
1691:
that fell unexpectedly, believing it a providential
352:
254:
236:
222:
208:
192:
180:
168:
156:
146:
134:
122:
110:
98:
84:
76:
66:
52:
42:
18:
1474:he built in the Hanan half of the city, where the
2091:It's worth remembering that the Incas also spoke
1830:to await the Inca forces that moved quickly from
1750:), supposedly after a dream he had where the god
1462:that the Incas had. One of the first things that
1918:of the Lupacas, who had previously defeated the
2615:List of the antiquities of this Kingdom of Peru
2611:Relación de las antigüedades del Reino del Perú
2347:] (in Spanish) (3rd ed.). p. 38.
1821:The people of Caytomarca also revolted against
1126:people prepared to revolt with the help of the
1401:Chanka "Fortress of Sondor" about 30 km. from
2785:Chronicle of Peru. The Lordship of the Incas.
1671:peoples, who were pressured by the mandatory
1302:with the support of the Hanan Cusco dynasty.
1237:peoples who threatened them with invasion in
753:, who would leave from another window called
513:
8:
2897:Chronicle of Peru. The Lordship of the Incas
2672:Chronicle of Peru. The Lordship of the Incas
2634:Chronicle of Peru. The Lordship of the Incas
2509:"Hatun Rumiyoc (Piedra de los Doce Ángulos)"
2495:Chronicle of Peru. The Lordship of the Incas
2385:Chronicle of Peru. The Lordship of the Incas
978:and his body being mummified by his family (
2806:The First New Chronicle and Good Government
2417:Cobo, Bernabé (1890). "Chapters VII-VIII".
896:, preferred exile to domination, while the
2961:States and territories established in 1438
2956:States and territories established in 1197
2044:Historia Universal 5: América precolombina
1118:term, the meaning of which has been lost.
520:
506:
366:
31:
15:
2893:Crónica del Perú. El señorío de los Incas
2781:Crónica del Perú. El señorío de los Incas
2668:Crónica del Perú. El señorío de los Incas
2630:Crónica del Perú. El señorío de los Incas
2491:Crónica del Perú. El señorío de los Incas
2381:Crónica del Perú. El señorío de los Incas
2111:means: "where?, which one?, where is it?"
1524:. Mama Micay turned out to be the former
2301:The second part of the Chronicle of Peru
1697:
1506:, he was the one that founded the first
1390:behind. He also conquered the people of
1355:like almost every chiefdom at the time.
1313:. The first Inca ruler from Hanan Cusco.
945:
852:Faced with the imminence of a conflict,
727:-speaking immigrants from the crumbling
246:and becomes the first Hanan Cusco ruler
2801:El primer nueva crónica y buen gobierno
2133:
2084:
904:were expelled to the east, towards the
884:The common danger also strongly united
765:, which was the group under command of
448:
385:
369:
2886:
2884:
2755:
2753:
2708:
2706:
2579:
2577:
2554:
2552:
2532:
2530:
1647:with a Huallacan woman- to become the
2798:Guaman Poma de Ayala, Felipe (1615).
2787:] (in Spanish). pp. 385–387.
2636:] (in Spanish). pp. 381–382.
2465:
2463:
2461:
2459:
2457:
2374:
2372:
2268:
2266:
2034:Enciclopedia Temática del Perú: Incas
1965:as a symbol of their friendship. The
253:
235:
221:
217:
191:
179:
167:
155:
145:
133:
121:
109:
97:
93:
83:
7:
2387:] (in Spanish). p. 375-376.
2315:
2313:
2311:
2309:
2205:
2203:
2177:
2175:
2173:
2171:
2169:
2167:
2141:
2139:
2137:
1177:, and would eventually be sent as a
2910:Espinoza Soriano, Waldemar (1987).
2844:Espinoza Soriano, Waldemar (1987).
2760:Espinoza Soriano, Waldemar (1987).
2738:Espinoza Soriano, Waldemar (1987).
2647:Espinoza Soriano, Waldemar (1987).
2537:Espinoza Soriano, Waldemar (1987).
2478:] (in Spanish). pp. 59–61.
2470:Espinoza Soriano, Waldemar (1987).
2328:] (in Spanish). pp. 51–56.
2320:Espinoza Soriano, Waldemar (1987).
2281:] (in Spanish). pp. 41–48.
2273:Espinoza Soriano, Waldemar (1987).
1601:Titu Cusi Huallpa took the name of
970:, note the detail of the left hand.
797:was born, and then they stopped at
555:, was a small kingdom based in the
2986:Former monarchies of South America
2425:] (in Spanish). Vol. III.
1867:, he also wanted to "burn all the
1413:, positioned on the limits of the
1185:" as tribute in the newly annexed
14:
2991:Former countries in South America
2291:Calvo Mamani, Jhanet., 2017, p.50
1890:groves, and the manufacturing of
1033:), continued the war against the
2899:] (in Spanish). p. 396.
2808:] (in Spanish). p. 107.
2674:] (in Spanish). p. 383.
2497:] (in Spanish). p. 379.
377:
336:
311:
297:
2918:] (in Spanish). p. 68.
2852:] (in Spanish). p. 67.
2768:] (in Spanish). p. 66.
2746:] (in Spanish). p. 66.
2655:] (in Spanish). p. 65.
2545:] (in Spanish). p. 62.
2240:McEwan, Gordon Francis (2006).
2054:Peru, Ancient people and places
2036:. Lima: El Comercio S.A., 2004.
1110:", another possibility is that
653:was the Andean equivalent of a
228:organized the Kingdom of Cusco
2717:(in Spanish). pp. 93–94.
2440:(in Spanish). pp. 49–50.
2186:(in Spanish). pp. 51–56.
2150:(in Spanish). pp. 45–46.
1528:of Tocay Capac, leader of the
872:went to war with their sinchi
817:, where it was celebrated the
1:
2891:Cieza de León, Pedro (1553).
2779:Cieza de León, Pedro (1553).
2666:Cieza de León, Pedro (1553).
2628:Cieza de León, Pedro (1553).
2489:Cieza de Leon, Pedro (1553).
2379:Cieza de León, Pedro (1553).
2212:"AULEX - Diccionario Quechua"
1740:
1606:
1326:
1212:
1092:
1023:
990:
705:
2819:Rostworowski, María (1953).
2713:Rostworowski, María (1987).
2685:Rostworowski, María (1953).
2584:Rostworowski, María (1953).
2436:Rostworowski, María (1953).
2339:Rostworowski, María (2014).
2182:Rostworowski, María (1953).
2146:Rostworowski, María (1953).
2066:Simon & Schuster, 2007.
1779:, whom with he had his sons
1245:, and the western ayllus of
954:, the first one to wear the
845:, and the already mentioned
645:who got divided into three.
611:were simply the heads of an
37:Map of the Kingdom of Cusco.
2867:(in Spanish). p. 101.
2823:(in Spanish). p. 100.
2345:History of the Tawantinsuyu
2243:The Incas: New Perspectives
2064:The Last Days of the Incas.
3007:
2689:(in Spanish). p. 60.
2588:(in Spanish). p. 59.
2341:Historia del Tahuantinsuyo
2046:. Barcelona, España, 2002.
1382:led an expedition through
1298:of the government made by
1108:Where is the powerful one?
879:Sacred Valley of the Incas
684:
673:
2246:. ABC-CLIO. p. 220.
1618:"The one who cries blood"
704:Portrait of Manco Capac (
276:
272:
218:
204:
94:
30:
25:
2865:Pachacutec Inca Yupanqui
2821:Pachacutec Inca Yupanqui
2715:Pachacutec Inca Yupanqui
2687:Pachacutec Inca Yupanqui
2586:Pachacutec Inca Yupanqui
2438:Pachacutec Inca Yupanqui
2423:History of the New World
2419:Historia del Nuevo Mundo
2184:Pachacutec Inca Yupanqui
2148:Pachacutec Inca Yupanqui
1453:), these were the first
1340:and some members of the
1228:not to be confused with
789:); the next stop was on
757:and eventually populate
1909:, fierce rivals in the
1801:invaded the valleys of
719:During the exodus from
593:, who imposed the term
1988:" in his absence. The
1977:
1976:Portrait of Inca Urco.
1901:During this time, the
1711:
1598:
1540:nation, for which the
1406:
1314:
1205:
1084:
971:
959:
716:
2563:Historia de los Incas
1992:was transported from
1975:
1701:
1592:
1400:
1308:
1195:
1074:
965:
949:
703:
589:, until the reign of
53:Common languages
2863:Rostworoski, María.
2568:History of the Incas
2097:Garcilaso de la Vega
2032:María Rostworowski.
1378:After these events,
731:state stumbled upon
691:History of the Incas
194:• c. 1410–1438
182:• c. 1380–1410
170:• c. 1350–1380
158:• c. 1320–1350
136:• c. 1290–1320
124:• c. 1260–1290
112:• c. 1230–1260
100:• c. 1200–1230
2617:] (in Spanish).
1770:with great wealth.
1502:, and according to
1476:twelve-angled stone
769:, consisting of 10
553:Cusco confederation
551:), also called the
536:(sometimes spelled
2042:Editorial Sol 90.
1978:
1712:
1599:
1484:official residence
1407:
1315:
1278:before Curi Hilpay
1206:
1085:
972:
960:
717:
713:Antonio de Herrera
2874:978-9972-51-060-1
2830:978-9972-51-060-1
2724:978-9972-51-060-1
2696:978-9972-51-060-1
2595:978-9972-51-060-1
2447:978-9972-51-060-1
2354:978-9972-51-486-9
2193:978-9972-51-060-1
2157:978-9972-51-060-1
2072:978-0-7432-6049-7
2062:MacQuarrie, Kim.
1855:assassinated the
1522:Titu Cusi Huallpa
1482:had to build his
793:, where possibly
530:
529:
479:Invasion of Chile
362:
361:
348:
347:
344:
343:
324:
323:
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2981:Former countries
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2701:
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2675:
2663:
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2426:
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2298:
2292:
2289:
2283:
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2270:
2261:
2260:
2237:
2231:
2230:
2225:
2223:
2210:Jacobs, Philip.
2207:
2198:
2197:
2179:
2162:
2161:
2143:
2121:
2118:
2112:
2089:
2061:
2051:
2041:
2031:
1882:, enlarging the
1758:was attended by
1749:
1745:
1742:
1615:
1611:
1608:
1335:
1331:
1328:
1221:
1217:
1214:
1154:people, and his
1101:
1097:
1094:
1032:
1028:
1025:
999:
995:
992:
835:Saños, Antasayas
710:
707:
666:during wartime.
534:Kingdom of Cusco
522:
515:
508:
494:Spanish conquest
469:History of Cusco
459:Kingdom of Cusco
381:
367:
340:
339:
328:
327:
315:
314:
301:
300:
294:
293:
278:
277:
35:
20:Kingdom of Cuzco
16:
3006:
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3001:
3000:
2999:
2997:
2996:
2995:
2971:Former kingdoms
2941:
2940:
2929:
2924:
2923:
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2908:
2904:
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2889:
2882:
2875:
2862:
2861:
2857:
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2558:
2557:
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2536:
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2528:
2518:
2516:
2507:
2506:
2502:
2488:
2487:
2483:
2469:
2468:
2455:
2448:
2435:
2434:
2430:
2416:
2415:
2411:
2397:
2396:
2392:
2378:
2377:
2370:
2355:
2338:
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2333:
2319:
2318:
2307:
2299:
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2264:
2254:
2239:
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2234:
2221:
2219:
2209:
2208:
2201:
2194:
2181:
2180:
2165:
2158:
2145:
2144:
2135:
2130:
2125:
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2119:
2115:
2090:
2086:
2081:
2059:
2049:
2039:
2029:
2026:
2024:Further reading
1903:Lupaca chiefdom
1747:
1743:
1728:Aucaylli panaca
1722:to reclaim the
1613:
1609:
1451:highland jungle
1333:
1329:
1320:
1264:Lloque Yupanqui
1219:
1215:
1202:Brooklyn Museum
1183:puna grasslands
1099:
1095:
1046:Lloque Yupanqui
1030:
1026:
1020:Lloque Yupanqui
1018:His successor,
997:
993:
968:Lloque Yupanqui
944:
920:Lloque Yupanqui
723:, a caravan of
708:
698:
693:
683:
678:
672:
573:
526:
474:Chimor–Inca War
365:
337:
312:
298:
265:
247:
229:
195:
183:
171:
159:
149:
148:• c. 1320
137:
129:Lloque Yupanqui
125:
113:
101:
38:
26:c. 1200–c. 1438
21:
12:
11:
5:
3004:
3002:
2994:
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2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
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2936:
2928:
2927:External links
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1828:Urubamba River
1816:Capac Yupanqui
1799:Viracocha Inca
1737:Viracocha Inca
1724:Apurimac River
1704:Viracocha Inca
1415:Apurimac River
1319:
1316:
1272:Capac Yupanqui
1230:Quechua people
1209:Capac Yupanqui
1198:Capac Yupanqui
1171:Capac Yupanqui
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940:
936:Yarambuycancha
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1777:
1771:
1769:
1765:
1764:Colla Kingdom
1761:
1757:
1753:
1738:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1709:
1705:
1700:
1696:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1654:
1650:
1646:
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1631:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1604:
1596:
1591:
1587:
1585:
1584:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1565:
1560:
1556:
1553:. Meanwhile,
1552:
1551:Aguayrocancha
1548:
1543:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1447:ceja de selva
1444:
1440:
1436:
1435:
1430:
1429:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1404:
1399:
1395:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1376:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1356:
1354:
1352:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1324:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1303:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1256:
1254:
1250:
1249:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1231:
1225:
1210:
1203:
1199:
1194:
1190:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1167:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1152:
1146:
1144:
1143:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1119:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1090:
1082:
1078:
1073:
1069:
1068:
1066:
1060:
1059:Quilliscachis
1056:
1052:
1047:
1043:
1042:
1036:
1021:
1016:
1014:
1013:
1007:
1003:
988:
984:
983:
977:
969:
964:
957:
953:
948:
941:
939:
937:
933:
929:
925:
921:
917:
913:
912:
907:
903:
899:
895:
891:
887:
882:
880:
875:
871:
867:
863:
859:
855:
850:
848:
844:
840:
839:Lares, Poques
836:
832:
828:
824:
820:
816:
812:
808:
804:
800:
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
760:
759:Ollantaytambo
756:
752:
748:
744:
743:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
721:Lake Titicaca
714:
702:
695:
692:
688:
680:
677:
669:
667:
665:
660:
656:
652:
651:
646:
644:
640:
636:
635:
630:
629:
624:
620:
616:
615:
610:
609:
604:
602:
598:
597:
592:
588:
587:
582:
581:
580:
570:
568:
567:(1438–1533).
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
543:
539:
535:
523:
518:
516:
511:
509:
504:
503:
501:
500:
495:
492:
490:
487:
485:
482:
480:
477:
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472:
470:
467:
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460:
457:
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451:
447:
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432:
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417:
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409:
407:
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397:
394:
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391:
388:
384:
380:
376:
375:
372:
368:
358:
355:
353:Today part of
351:
335:
333:
330:
329:
326:
320:
317:
310:
309:
306:
303:
296:
295:
292:
291:
288:
285:
283:
280:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
258:Cusi Yupanqui
249:
245:
241:
231:
227:
214:
213:Pre-Columbian
211:
207:
203:
200:
197:
188:
185:
176:
173:
164:
161:
151:
142:
139:
130:
127:
118:
115:
106:
103:
89:
87:
79:
75:
72:
71:Inca religion
69:
65:
62:
58:
55:
51:
48:
45:
41:
34:
29:
24:
17:
2938:
2915:
2911:
2905:
2896:
2892:
2864:
2858:
2849:
2845:
2839:
2820:
2814:
2805:
2800:
2793:
2784:
2780:
2774:
2765:
2761:
2743:
2739:
2733:
2714:
2686:
2680:
2671:
2667:
2661:
2652:
2648:
2642:
2633:
2629:
2623:
2614:
2610:
2604:
2585:
2567:
2562:
2542:
2538:
2517:. Retrieved
2515:(in Spanish)
2512:
2503:
2494:
2490:
2484:
2475:
2471:
2437:
2431:
2422:
2418:
2412:
2403:
2399:
2393:
2384:
2380:
2344:
2340:
2334:
2325:
2321:
2300:
2296:
2287:
2278:
2274:
2257:
2242:
2235:
2227:
2220:. Retrieved
2218:(in Spanish)
2215:
2183:
2147:
2116:
2108:
2104:
2100:
2087:
2063:
2060:(in English)
2053:
2050:(in English)
2043:
2040:(in Spanish)
2033:
2030:(in Spanish)
2014:
2002:
1985:
1979:
1940:
1900:
1877:
1856:
1853:Yahuar Huaca
1850:
1820:
1797:
1789:
1785:
1774:
1772:
1727:
1713:
1689:thunderstorm
1680:
1677:Yahuar Huaca
1668:
1660:Yahuar Huaca
1657:
1652:
1645:Yahuar Huaca
1640:
1638:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1603:Yahuar Huaca
1600:
1593:Portrait of
1580:
1568:
1562:
1550:
1541:
1533:
1517:
1512:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1457:
1446:
1432:
1426:
1408:
1391:
1377:
1371:
1367:
1359:
1357:
1349:
1345:
1321:
1309:Portrait of
1279:
1275:
1257:
1252:
1246:
1242:
1227:
1223:
1207:
1196:Portrait of
1186:
1168:
1159:
1149:
1147:
1140:
1127:
1123:
1120:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1086:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1039:
1017:
1009:
979:
974:Having died
973:
966:Portrait of
950:Portrait of
935:
931:
928:Chumbicancha
927:
924:Quinticancha
923:
915:
909:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
883:
873:
869:
861:
857:
851:
846:
842:
838:
834:
830:
814:
806:
798:
790:
782:
763:Qhapaq t'uqu
762:
754:
750:
746:
741:
718:
676:Inca society
663:
658:
649:
648:
647:
634:Hatun kuraka
633:
632:
628:Capac kuraka
627:
626:
622:
612:
607:
606:
605:
600:
594:
585:
584:
577:
576:
574:
552:
548:
544:
537:
533:
531:
458:
450:Inca history
406:Architecture
387:Inca society
287:Succeeded by
286:
281:
260:defeats the
152:Tarco Huaman
2966:Inca states
2099:wrote that
1990:maskaypacha
1986:Inca raptin
1955:Paucarcolla
1865:Guaman Poma
1857:Inca raptin
1748: 1438
1744: 1400
1708:Guaman Poma
1702:Drawing of
1614: 1400
1610: 1380
1595:Yawar Waqaq
1581:Vicaquirao
1470:with a new
1443:Paucartambo
1439:Andahuaylas
1423:mercenaries
1403:Andahuaylas
1334: 1380
1330: 1350
1318:Hanan Cusco
1239:Andahuaylas
1220: 1350
1216: 1320
1158:was called
1128:cullumchima
1104:maskaypacha
1100: 1320
1096: 1290
1089:Mayta Capac
1081:Guaman Poma
1077:Mayta Capac
1075:Drawing of
1031: 1290
1027: 1260
998: 1260
994: 1230
987:Sinchi Roca
976:Manco Capac
956:maskaypacha
952:Sinchi Roca
942:Hurin Cusco
932:Sairecancha
908:River; the
906:Paucartambo
894:Copalimayta
866:Sinchi Roca
862:Sitichuaman
854:Manco Capac
823:Sinchi Roca
807:Quirirmanta
803:Sinchi Roca
795:Sinchi Roca
787:concubinage
775:Pacaritambo
767:Manco Capac
755:Sut'i t'uqu
747:Maras t'uqu
733:Pacaritambo
709: 1615
639:Inca Empire
565:Inca Empire
464:Inca Empire
426:Engineering
401:Agriculture
371:Inca Empire
332:Inca Empire
305:Wari Empire
282:Preceded by
242:overthrows
226:Manco Capac
187:Yawar Waqaq
141:Mayta Capac
117:Sinchi Roca
105:Manco Capac
2945:Categories
2128:References
2052:Bushnell.
2008:, or even
1998:Inticancha
1861:Willaq Umu
1756:coronation
1746: – c.
1685:Inticancha
1612: – c.
1508:Yachaywasi
1468:Inticancha
1384:Quiquijana
1332: – c.
1288:conspiracy
1218: – c.
1164:Willaq Umu
1160:Usca Mayta
1136:Inticancha
1098: – c.
1079:, made by
1055:Tampucunca
1029: – c.
996: – c.
898:Sahuaseras
890:Sahuaseras
886:Alcahuisas
847:Alcahuisas
843:Sahuaseras
819:warachikuy
811:Huanacauri
791:Tampuquiro
783:servinacuy
779:Mama Ocllo
696:Foundation
685:See also:
674:See also:
571:Government
77:Government
2363:1019-4541
2018:Viracocha
2010:mamaconas
2006:yanaconas
1932:Viracocha
1845:Viracocha
1840:Viracocha
1836:Viracocha
1823:Viracocha
1786:Sahuasera
1752:Viracocha
1665:Collasuyo
1634:garrisons
1630:Apukispay
1555:Inca Roca
1542:Huallacan
1534:Huallacan
1518:Huallacan
1514:Inca Roca
1504:Garcilaso
1492:Tullumayo
1480:Sapa Inca
1464:Inca Roca
1425:from the
1392:Pumatambo
1380:Inca Roca
1323:Inca Roca
1311:Inca Roca
1300:Inca Roca
1296:overthrow
1284:Inca Roca
1124:Alcahuisa
916:Antasayas
874:Apu Cagua
596:Sapa Inca
591:Inca Roca
489:Civil War
431:Mythology
421:Education
240:Inca Roca
175:Inca Roca
86:Sapa Inca
67:Religion
1959:Chucuito
1905:and the
1892:textiles
1716:regicide
1706:made by
1653:Rinriyuq
1573:Ayarmaca
1559:Ayarmaca
1547:Ayarmaca
1538:Ayarmaca
1530:Ayarmaca
1496:Huatanay
1419:Ayarmaca
1388:garrison
1364:uprising
1342:nobility
1260:Ayarmaca
1179:governor
1151:Collagua
1087:A young
1053:ayllus,
1051:Ayarmaca
1044:people.
1035:Ayarmaca
1006:Ayarmaca
1002:terraces
737:pacarina
729:Tiwanaku
619:Paqarina
559:city of
436:Religion
80:Monarchy
2519:30 July
2222:26 July
2109:maytaq?
2093:puquina
1996:to the
1945:of the
1936:Ayaviri
1924:Canchis
1896:tocapus
1888:quinual
1880:chacras
1768:litters
1760:curacas
1732:Panakas
1720:Chankas
1626:Pinagua
1549:state,
1526:fiancée
1459:chacras
1434:Canchis
1411:Chankas
1372:Pinagua
1351:curacas
1346:sinchis
1338:royalty
1189:ayllu.
1116:puquina
870:Huallas
860:called
831:Huallas
815:Matagua
801:, here
799:Pallata
739:of the
725:puquina
681:History
670:Culture
655:Warlord
643:Huancas
608:Kurakas
542:Quechua
540:and in
416:Cuisine
268:c. 1438
264:people
256:•
250:c. 1350
238:•
232:c. 1200
224:•
61:Puquina
57:Quechua
43:Capital
2871:
2827:
2721:
2693:
2592:
2513:DePeru
2444:
2361:
2351:
2250:
2190:
2154:
2070:
1963:chicha
1951:Lupaca
1947:Collas
1943:curaca
1916:curaca
1911:Collao
1873:huacas
1792:panaca
1790:Socso
1681:Cuntis
1583:panaca
1500:quipus
1472:palace
1360:Mascas
1292:Chanka
1268:Chanka
1235:Chanka
1175:panaca
1156:panaca
1114:was a
1065:panaca
1063:Auyni
1012:panaca
1010:Raura
982:panaca
980:Chima
934:, and
902:Poques
771:ayllus
751:Tampus
735:, the
711:), by
664:Kuraka
650:Sinchi
586:sinchi
579:Kuraka
557:Andean
262:Chanka
90:
2914:[
2895:[
2848:[
2804:[
2783:[
2764:[
2742:[
2670:[
2651:[
2632:[
2613:[
2566:[
2541:[
2493:[
2474:[
2421:[
2402:[
2383:[
2343:[
2324:[
2277:[
2216:Aulex
2105:mayta
2101:Mayta
2079:Notes
1994:Calca
1982:Calca
1928:Canas
1920:Canas
1884:molle
1869:idols
1832:Calca
1811:Pisac
1807:Calca
1803:Yucay
1673:mitas
1669:Cunti
1649:Auqui
1622:Muyna
1577:ñusta
1569:Antas
1488:Saphy
1428:Canas
1368:Muyna
1243:Masca
1224:Cunti
1187:Cuyos
1142:Cunti
1112:Mayta
1041:Maras
911:Lares
858:Saños
827:Cusco
742:Maras
659:ayllu
623:Capac
614:ayllu
561:Cusco
549:Qusqu
545:Qosqo
538:Cuzco
441:Roads
411:Ayllu
47:Cusco
2869:ISBN
2825:ISBN
2719:ISBN
2691:ISBN
2590:ISBN
2521:2023
2442:ISBN
2359:ISSN
2349:ISBN
2248:ISBN
2224:2023
2188:ISBN
2152:ISBN
2068:ISBN
1967:kero
1941:The
1886:and
1871:and
1805:and
1776:Anta
1714:The
1693:omen
1641:Coya
1624:and
1564:Anta
1490:and
1455:coca
1431:and
1409:The
1370:and
1276:Coya
1258:The
1253:Cuyo
1251:and
1248:Anta
1132:well
1057:and
888:and
689:and
601:Inca
532:The
396:Army
357:Peru
2107:or
1449:" (
1348:or
1286:'s
985:),
821:of
781:in
599:or
583:or
547:or
2947::
2883:^
2752:^
2705:^
2576:^
2551:^
2529:^
2511:.
2456:^
2371:^
2357:.
2308:^
2265:^
2256:.
2226:.
2214:.
2202:^
2166:^
2136:^
2095:.
1938:.
1898:.
1818:.
1795:.
1741:c.
1616:)
1607:c.
1510:.
1327:c.
1213:c.
1200:.
1093:c.
1024:c.
1015:.
991:c.
938:.
930:,
926:,
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849:.
841:,
837:,
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706:c.
59:,
2935:.
2877:.
2833:.
2727:.
2699:.
2598:.
2523:.
2450:.
2365:.
2196:.
2160:.
2074:.
2056:.
1739:(
1710:.
1605:(
1597:.
1405:.
1353:,
1325:(
1280:,
1211:(
1204:.
1091:(
1083:.
1067:.
1022:(
989:(
958:.
785:(
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521:e
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507:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.