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this statue to Lake County". Despite the strong opposition from the public and nine mayors in the county, the Board of County
Commissioners voted on August 6, 2019, to approve the statue installation. Hundreds protested the transfer of the statue to Lake County on August 10, 2019, and citizen groups posted an online petition voicing opposition to the project, whose local sponsor was the
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318:. In 1863, Smith dispatched troops in an unsuccessful attempt to relieve the Siege of Vicksburg. After the United States took control of Vicksburg in July, the Trans-Mississippi Department was cut off from the rest of the Confederacy and became virtually an independent nation, nicknamed "Kirby Smithdom". In the
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is St. Augustine. At a County
Commission meeting on July 24, 2018, about 24 residents spoke against, and none in favor, of bringing the statue to Lake County. Chairman Sullivan assured the crowd that the commission would tell the Historical Museum "that there is no longer a want or desire to bring
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some of his collection and reports from his time at West Point. Smith continued his botanical studies as a hobby for the remainder of his life. He is credited with collecting and describing several species of plants native to
Tennessee and Florida. Smith was assigned to teach mathematics at West
892:. There the family lived happily until the end of his life. They had five sons and six daughters: Caroline (1862–1941), Frances (1864–1930), Edmund (1866–1938), Lydia (1868–1962), Nina (1870–1965), Elizabeth (1872–1937), Reynold (1874–1962), William (1876–1967), Josephine (1878–1961),
1067:. This is the first public sculpture in the city to commemorate an African-American man. Kirby-Smith said that she suspected Darnes was related to Smith as a half-brother or nephew, as her detailed work on the statues made her aware of the two men's close physical resemblance.
721:. He had to command a nearly independent area of the Confederacy, with all the inherent administrative problems. The area became known in the Confederacy as "Kirby Smithdom". He was thought of as a virtual military dictator and negotiated directly with foreign countries.
755:
With the pressure relieved to the north, Smith attempted to send reinforcements east of the
Mississippi. But, as in the case of his earlier attempts to relieve Vicksburg, it proved impossible due to U.S. Navy control of the river. Instead, he dispatched Major-General
850:. Part of his collection from those years was donated to the universities of North Carolina and Harvard, and to the Smithsonian Institution. He kept up a correspondence with botanists at other institutions. He taught at the University of the South until he died of
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tightened their grip on the river, Smith attempted to intervene. However, his department never had more than 30,000 men stationed over an immense area, and he could not concentrate forces adequately to challenge Grant nor the U.S. Navy on the river.
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866:, he still found time for wooing. The couple married on September 24. Cassie wrote on October 10, 1862, from Lynchburg, asking what to name their first child. She suggested, "something uncommon as I consider her an
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On
January 14, 1863, Smith was transferred to command the Trans-Mississippi Department (comprising Arkansas, Missouri, Texas, western Louisiana, Arizona Territory, and the Indian Territory). He remained west of the
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881:, where she remained for the duration of the war. After the war's end, Cassie traveled to Washington to negotiate for her husband's return to the United States from Cuba, where he had fled.
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He quickly fled to Mexico and then to Cuba to avoid arrest for treason. His wife negotiated his return during the period when the U.S. government offered amnesty to those who would take an
1101:"... for the signal victory achieved by him in the battle of Richmond, Kentucky, on the thirtieth of August, and to all officers and soldiers of his command engaged in that battle" (
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Lee and His
Lieutenants: Comprising the Early Life, Public Services, and Campaigns of General Robert E. Lee and His Companions in Arms, with a Record of Their Campaigns and Heroic Deeds
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By now a general (as of
February 19, 1864, one of seven generals in the Confederate Army), Smith negotiated the surrender of his department on May 26, 1865. While Brigadier General
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Smith also taught at West Point after the war. He collected and studied materials as a botanist; like many other military officers, he was also a scientist. He donated to the
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on July 21. Wounded severely in the neck and shoulder, he recuperated while commanding the
Department of Middle and East Florida. He returned to duty on October 11 as a
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was surrounded by
Federal troops who suspected the general of harboring Smith. All the inhabitants were locked in a cotton press overnight. Beauregard complained to
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On July 1, 1841, Smith entered West Point and graduated four years later in 1845, ranking 25th out of 41 cadets. While there, he was nicknamed "Seminole", after the
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990:, after residents of his birthplace, St. Augustine, expressed no interest. While Smith never lived in Lake County, when he was born, it was a part of
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2006:
A Civil War
Treasury: Being a Miscellany of Arms and Artillery, Facts and Figures, Legends and Lore, Muses and Minstrels, Personalities and People
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In August 1861, Smith met Cassie Selden (1836–1905), the daughter of Samuel S. Selden of Lynchburg. While recovering from being wounded at the
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in St. Augustine. His commanding officer at the fort was the young Smiths' uncle. Webster later served in the Mexican–American War and died of
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to the United States. After the war, Smith worked in the telegraph and railway industries. He also served as a professor of mathematics at the
568:; he expressed his willingness to fight to hold it. On April 6, he resigned his commission in the United States Army to join the Confederacy.
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in an imaginary meeting (see below) was made by Maria Kirby Smith, a great-granddaughter of Smith. It is installed in the courtyard of the
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In February 1862, Smith was sent west to command the eastern division of the Army of Mississippi (often referred to prematurely as the
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Small, John K. "Studies in the Botany of the Southeastern United States.-Ix. I. The Sessile-Flowered Trillia of the Southern States."
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Returning to troop-leading assignments, Smith served in the Southwest. On May 13, 1859, he was wounded in his thigh while fighting
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person enslaved by his family, who was forced to work as his valet until emancipation and who may have been his half-brother.
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regiment did not surrender until June 23, 1865, Smith was the last full general to do so and signed the terms of surrender in
401:. He was interested in botany and nature, but in 1836, Smith's parents sent their second son to a military boarding school in
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After the war, Smith was active in the telegraph business and higher education. From 1866 to 1868, he was president of the
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in 1893. He was the last surviving full general from the Civil War. He is buried in the University Cemetery at Sewanee.
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and their closing of the Mississippi to the Confederacy, Smith was virtually cut off from the Confederate capital at
510:. His older brother, Ephraim Kirby Smith (1807–1847), who graduated from West Point in 1826 and was a captain in the
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Matthew White, "Science, Race and Reunion: The Memorialization of Edmund Kirby Smith and His Slave Alexander Darnes"
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In the spring of 1864, General Taylor, directly under Smith's command, soundly defeated General Banks at the
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in the Nescutunga Valley of Kansas. also known as the Battle of Crooked Creek (Kansas). When Texas declared
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A Crisis in Confederate Command: Edmund Kirby Smith, Richard Taylor and the Army of the Trans-Mississippi
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people of Florida who had successfully resisted removal by the United States. He was commissioned as a
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Point from 1849 to 1852. According to his letters to his mother, he was happy with this environment.
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Commentary: Statue of Confederate general is no 'piece of art,' has no place in Lake County museum
970:, inventor of mechanical refrigeration and air conditioning.) On March 19, 2018, Florida Governor
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The Camden Expedition of 1864 and the Opportunity Lost by the Confederacy to Change the Civil War
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on July 1, 1845. Smith was promoted to second lieutenant on August 22, 1846, now serving in the
1333:"What if Gen. Kirby Smith's statue was replaced by one of his former slave, Alex Darnes, M.D.?"
1224:, The Southern Historical Collection, University of North Carolina, accessed November 25, 2013.
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Julie B. Maglio, "Sculpture of Confederate General to be removed from Statuary Hall in D.C."
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1969:
Harpers' Popular Cyclopaedia of United States History from the Aboriginal Period to 1876
752:. This decision, vehemently opposed by Taylor, caused great enmity between the two men.
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Webster, Frances Marvin Smith; Webster, Lucien Bonaparte (2000), Baker, Van R. (ed.),
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on January 31, 1861, refused to surrender his command at Camp Colorado in what is now
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1822:"Lake County asks Gov. DeSantis to move statue of Confederate out of their community"
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In 1875, Smith left that post to become a professor of mathematics and botany at the
655:, Kentucky on August 30, 1862, but did not link up with Bragg's army until after the
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in Jacksonville was named for him. It was renamed Springfield Middle School in 2020.
1003:. On July 7, 2020, Lake County commissioners voted 4–1 against accepting the statue.
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1788:"Lake County Commission Chairwoman Leslie Campione responsible for racial divide"
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in Tennessee. He botanized plant specimens and bequeathed his collection to the
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On March 16, 1861, Smith entered the Confederate States Army as a major in the
326:, who defeated a combined Union Army and Navy assault under U.S. Major-General
322:
of Spring 1864, he commanded victorious Confederate troops under Major-General
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1722:"Florida to replace Confederate statue at US Capitol with civil-rights leader"
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The Websters: Letters of an American Army Family in Peace and War, 1836–1853
1602:. National Society of Colonial Dames of America in Tennessee. Archived from
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1976:
1596:"Vanderbilt Collection – Peabody Campus – Wyatt Center: Edmund Kirby Smith"
1397:
Edmund Kirby-Smith Papers, Record Group #404 Southern Historical Collection
17:
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1808:"Hundreds protest Confederate statue in Lake County: 'It is dividing us'"
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Following the U.S. capture of the remaining strongholds at Vicksburg and
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529:. From that year on through the war, Smith was accompanied by the youth
2135:
Kirby Smith's Confederacy : the Trans-Mississippi South, 1863–1865
1885:, vol. 25 (11th ed.), Cambridge University Press, p. 260
1484:
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Kirby Smith's Confederacy : the Trans-Mississippi South, 1863–1865
792:
608:
2210:, edited and with Introduction by R.M. Johnston, scanned and reissued.
1395:"Letter from Edmund K. Smith to Frances K. Smith, February 14, 1849",
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signed legislation to replace the statue with one of African-American
736:
on April 9, Smith joined Taylor and dispatched half of Taylor's army,
405:, and strongly encouraged a military career. He later enrolled in the
2307:
2230:
Raising the White Flag: How Surrender Defined the American Civil War
2208:
To Mexico with Scott: Letters of Captain E. Kirby Smith to His Wife
1918:
The American Frontier: Pioneers, Settlers, & Cowboys, 1800–1899
1894:(Organization); Confederated Southern Memorial Association (U.S.);
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276:
915:" and Ephraim was selected for Sewanee's All-Time football team.
764:. He conducted the war west of the river through small raids and
1826:
873:
The couple briefly reunited when Cassie followed her husband to
788:
4927:
List of films and television shows about the American Civil War
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1767:"Lake County Commission does about-face on confederate statue"
659:. On October 9, he was promoted to the newly created grade of
1140:. Knoxville: The University of Tennessee Press, 2015, p. 72.
884:
In 1875, Smith accepted an appointment as a professor at the
521:
After that war, Smith served as a captain (from 1855) in the
1700:"Florida House panel OKs bill to remove Confederate statue"
1014:, where he taught, he is commemorated by Kirby-Smith Point.
911:
status in football. Joseph was a member of the famed 1899 "
2232:. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2019.
1853:
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903:
Reynold, William, Joseph, and Ephraim all played for the
787:. He immediately left the country for Mexico and then to
1465:
Monaghan, Jay (April 1974). "Review of Robert L. Kerby,
1421:
1247:
Biennial Conference, Orlando, Florida; Academia website.
5070:
American military personnel of the Mexican–American War
701:
for the balance of the war, based part of this time in
2247:
Generals in Gray: Lives of the Confederate Commanders.
877:
in February 1863. In the spring of 1864, she moved to
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2249:
Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1959.
1563:"Bushrod Johnson: Yankee Quaker, Confederate General"
1309:"Alexander Darnes and Kirby Smith Share Rare History"
1221:
Edmund Kirby-Smith Papers, 1776–1906 (bulk 1840–1866)
671:" on February 17, 1864, for his actions at Richmond.
256:(May 16, 1824 – March 28, 1893) was a
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2045:, College Station: Texas A&M University Press,
1720:Sexton, Christine; Saunders, Jim (March 21, 2018).
1277:, ed. by Van R. Baker, Kent State University, 2000.
556:from the United States in 1861, Smith, promoted to
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2195:. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press,
2163:. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press,
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2025:Struggle for a Vast Future: The American Civil War
1915:
1399:, The Wilson Library, University of North Carolina
1121:Stars and Bars ... and Botany: E. Kirby Smith
760:, with all available cavalry, on an unsuccessful
330:. On June 2, 1865, Smith surrendered his army at
4613:Confederate States presidential election of 1861
2071:The Library of Congress Civil War Desk Reference
1055:In 2004, a life-sized statue of Kirby Smith and
424:in 1853 when stationed on the Texas frontier at
389:Kirby) Smith. Both his parents were natives of
4437:Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the U.S.
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1038:During World War II the 422-foot (129 m)
1029:, in Jacksonville, Florida, are named for him.
870:baby." The new baby was later named Caroline.
583:; that day, he was transferred to the regular
334:, the last general with a major field force.
2323:
1844:, Duval County Public Schools, June 16, 2020.
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689:A plaque marking Smith's former residence at
591:. After serving briefly as Brigadier-General
8:
5125:Sewanee: The University of the South faculty
1509:
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1102:
607:on June 17, 1861. He was given command of a
5120:Sewanee: The University of the South alumni
5115:People of Florida in the American Civil War
2278:University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
1992:Mechem, Kirke; Malin, James Claude (1964),
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27:Confederate States Army general (1824–1893)
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3442:
3435:
3422:
3107:
2681:
2674:
2645:
2357:
2346:
2330:
2316:
2308:
1440:
1191:
1189:
1187:
1185:
1083:List of people from St. Augustine, Florida
564:, to the Texas State Troops under Colonel
42:
31:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1230:
1172:
1170:
1138:Guide to the vascular plants of Tennessee
744:, northward to defeat U.S. Major-General
2526:Treatment of slaves in the United States
1922:, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press,
1533:
1195:
1078:List of Confederate States Army generals
954:In 1922, the state of Florida erected a
823:. When that effort failed, he started a
4980:
4269:Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War
2441:South Carolina Declaration of Secession
1409:
1112:
1094:
958:as one of Florida's two statues in the
907:team. Joseph and Ephraim both achieved
371:Edmund Kirby Smith was born in 1824 in
5145:United States Military Academy faculty
4254:Modern display of the Confederate flag
2121:. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co.,
1422:Wagner, Gallagher & Finkelman 2002
1261:
1259:
1257:
1255:
1253:
821:Atlantic and Pacific Telegraph Company
791:, to escape potential prosecution for
783:, on June 2, nearly eight weeks after
5140:United States Military Academy alumni
5090:Confederate States Army full generals
2451:President Lincoln's 75,000 volunteers
1624:
1452:
1383:Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club
966:in Washington, D.C. (The other is of
835:. He served as the chancellor of the
740:, under the command of Major-General
705:. As forces under U.S. Major-General
384:
306:and distinguished himself during the
7:
5050:19th-century American businesspeople
1648:: 563. 1907 – via archive.org.
1265:
982:. The statue was to be moved to the
943:A portrait of Edmund Kirby Smith by
412:In 1837, his sister Frances married
295:, Smith served as an officer of the
4608:Committee on the Conduct of the War
4284:United Daughters of the Confederacy
1900:United Daughters of the Confederacy
1019:United Daughters of the Confederacy
5105:People from St. Augustine, Florida
5095:Deaths from pneumonia in Tennessee
4678:U.S. Presidential Election of 1864
4017:impeachment managers investigation
2396:John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry
2180:. New York: E.B. Treat & Co,
2075:, New York: Simon & Schuster,
1983:Maritime Activity Reports (1942),
1786:Ritchie, Lauren (August 5, 2019).
1660:"Sewanee's All-Time Football Team"
1561:Morris, Roy Jr. (March 29, 2017).
1545:"America: Arrival of 'The Cuba'",
1318:, Jacksonville Historical Society.
667:. Smith received the Confederate "
25:
4103:Reconstruction military districts
2551:Abolitionism in the United States
2506:Plantations in the American South
2421:Origins of the American Civil War
1996:, Kansas State Historical Society
1962:, New York: Konecky & Konecky
1162:Florida Museum of Natural History
1025:, and the Kirby-Smith Camp 1209,
960:National Statuary Hall Collection
362:Edmund Kirby Smith's boyhood home
5007:
4995:
4983:
4957:
4948:
4947:
4086:Enforcement Act of February 1871
4059:Pulaski (Tennessee) riot of 1867
1065:St. Augustine Historical Society
482:. He later served under General
291:) from 1863 to 1865. Before the
243:
5100:Military personnel from Florida
5055:19th-century American educators
5045:19th-century American botanists
4871:New York City Gold Hoax of 1864
4733:When Johnny Comes Marching Home
4294:Wilmington insurrection of 1898
2191:Prushankin, Jeffery S. (2005),
2174:Pollard, Edward Alfred (1867),
2161:General Edmund Kirby Smith, CSA
2095:, Kent State University Press,
1994:The Kansas Historical Quarterly
1017:The Kirby-Smith Chapter of the
5110:People from Sewanee, Tennessee
5065:American expatriates in Mexico
3974:Southern Homestead Act of 1866
1854:Maritime Activity Reports 1942
1498:Maritime Activity Reports 1942
1158:General Kirby Smith Collection
407:United States Military Academy
1:
4389:Ladies' Memorial Associations
4091:Enforcement Act of April 1871
3987:Impeachment of Andrew Johnson
2206:Smith, Ephraim Kirby (2006),
2159:Parks, Joseph Howard (1954),
2041:Townsend, Stephen A. (2006),
2027:, Oxford: Osprey Publishing,
1967:Lossing, Benson John (1881),
1944:, Stanford University Press,
1765:McNiff, Tim (July 24, 2018).
1052:, in 1943, and named for him.
947:hangs in the Wyatt Center at
651:, he scored a victory at the
470:, Smith served under General
5130:Trans-Mississippi Department
5060:American expatriates in Cuba
4522:Confederate revolving cannon
4264:Sons of Confederate Veterans
4135:South Carolina riots of 1876
4113:Indian Council at Fort Smith
4064:South Carolina riots of 1876
4029:Knights of the White Camelia
2521:Slavery in the United States
2217:. New York: Facts on File,
2215:Who Was Who in the Civil War
2117:Forsyth, Michael J. (2003),
2043:The Yankee Invasion of Texas
2023:Sheehan-Dean, Aaron (2007),
1958:Jones, Katharine M. (1955),
1892:Sons of Confederate Veterans
1331:Call, James (June 5, 2016).
1027:Sons of Confederate Veterans
1001:Sons of Confederate Veterans
940:. It was demolished in 2022.
732:on April 8, 1864. After the
681:Trans-Mississippi Department
675:Trans-Mississippi Department
643:). Cooperating with General
480:Battle of Resaca de la Palma
265:Trans-Mississippi Department
217:Trans-Mississippi Department
5150:Sigma Alpha Epsilon members
5135:United States Army officers
4876:New York City riots of 1863
4701:Battle Hymn of the Republic
4452:United Confederate Veterans
4289:Children of the Confederacy
4279:United Confederate Veterans
4274:Southern Historical Society
2906:Price's Missouri Expedition
2376:Timeline leading to the War
2143:University of Alabama Press
2137:. Reprint of 1972 edition.
2008:, New York: Da Capo Press,
1896:United Confederate Veterans
1876:"Smith, Edmund Kirby"
1314:September 28, 2009, at the
777:1st Cherokee Mounted Rifles
665:3d Corps, Army of Tennessee
375:, as the youngest child of
212:3d Corps, Army of Tennessee
5166:
4844:Confederate Secret Service
4432:Grand Army of the Republic
4324:Grand Army of the Republic
4142:Southern Claims Commission
1600:Tennessee Portrait Project
1472:American Historical Review
1385:24, no. 4 (1897): 169–178.
1208:Webster & Webster 2000
1177:Webster & Webster 2000
928:building on the campus of
795:. In August of that year,
678:
4943:
4832:Confederate States dollar
4643:Habeas Corpus Act of 1863
4638:Emancipation Proclamation
4532:Medal of Honor recipients
4485:
4468:
4420:Confederate Memorial Hall
4222:Confederate Memorial Hall
4195:Confederate History Month
4175:Civil War Discovery Trail
4076:Habeas Corpus Act of 1867
3882:Reconstruction Amendments
3868:
3857:
3434:
3421:
2673:
2644:
2491:Emancipation Proclamation
2356:
2345:
2274:Edmund Kirby-Smith Papers
2213:Sifakis, Stewart (1988),
2133:Kerby, Robert L. (1991).
1638:"Mrs. Cassie Kirby-Smith"
1033:Kirby Smith Middle School
785:Robert E. Lee's surrender
629:Army of Northern Virginia
302:Smith was wounded at the
41:
4906:U.S. Sanitary Commission
4817:Battlefield preservation
4723:Marching Through Georgia
4648:Hampton Roads Conference
4623:Confiscation Act of 1862
4618:Confiscation Act of 1861
4394:U.S. national cemeteries
4200:Confederate Memorial Day
4185:Civil War Trails Program
4054:New Orleans riot of 1866
2303:Architect of the Capitol
1364:August 23, 2017, at the
1294:Eicher & Eicher 2001
1103:Eicher & Eicher 2001
864:First Battle of Manassas
811:, on November 14, 1865.
617:First Battle of Bull Run
603:, Smith was promoted to
516:Battle of Molino del Rey
414:Lucien Bonaparte Webster
353:Early life and education
304:First Battle of Bull Run
111:Sewanee, Tennessee, U.S.
5085:Confederate expatriates
4827:Confederate war finance
4447:Southern Cross of Honor
4415:1938 Gettysburg reunion
4410:1913 Gettysburg reunion
4108:Reconstruction Treaties
4081:Enforcement Act of 1870
3964:Freedman's Savings Bank
2581:Lane Debates on Slavery
2406:Lincoln–Douglas debates
1942:Civil War High Commands
1890:Cunningham, Sumner A.;
1882:Encyclopædia Britannica
1755:Retrieved July 2, 2018.
1567:Warfare History Network
1548:The Manchester Guardian
1522:Mechem & Malin 1964
1061:Segui-Kirby Smith House
1008:University of the South
956:statue of General Smith
938:Edmund Kirby Smith Hall
905:Sewanee Tigers football
886:University of the South
844:University of the South
837:University of Nashville
734:Battle of Pleasant Hill
542:Smithsonian Institution
391:Litchfield, Connecticut
343:University of the South
258:Confederate States Army
152:Confederate States Army
4886:Richmond riots of 1863
4812:Baltimore riot of 1861
4592:U.S. Military Railroad
4512:Confederate Home Guard
4244:Historiographic issues
4210:Historical reenactment
2709:Revenue Cutter Service
2576:William Lloyd Garrison
2485:Dred Scott v. Sandford
978:activist and educator
693:
615:, which he led at the
613:Army of the Shenandoah
463:
462:Smith in uniform, 1861
373:St. Augustine, Florida
368:
366:St. Augustine, Florida
81:St. Augustine, Florida
5075:American slave owners
4851:Great Revival of 1863
4728:Maryland, My Maryland
4517:Confederate railroads
4180:Civil War Roundtables
4049:Meridian riot of 1871
4044:Memphis riots of 1866
2601:George Luther Stearns
2586:Elijah Parish Lovejoy
2479:Crittenden Compromise
2059:Wagner, Margaret E.;
1606:on September 15, 2015
1119:Carol Ann McCormick.
986:Historical Museum in
964:United States Capitol
949:Vanderbilt University
703:Shreveport, Louisiana
691:Shreveport, Louisiana
688:
461:
454:Early military career
360:
347:University of Florida
161:Years of service
5080:Burials in Tennessee
4738:Daar kom die Alibama
4653:National Union Party
4329:memorials to Lincoln
4249:Lost Cause mythology
3954:Eufaula riot of 1874
3942:Confederate refugees
3155:District of Columbia
2782:Union naval blockade
2628:Underground Railroad
2416:Nullification crisis
1971:, New York: Harper,
1678:"Edmund Kirby Smith"
1573:on November 18, 2017
1551:, September 4, 1865.
1338:Tallahassee Democrat
1125:UNC Herbarium Report
1050:Panama City, Florida
829:New Castle, Kentucky
762:invasion of Missouri
657:Battle of Perryville
649:invasion of Kentucky
468:Mexican–American War
230:Mexican–American War
109:University Cemetery,
4896:Supreme Court cases
4663:Radical Republicans
4442:Old soldiers' homes
4426:Confederate Veteran
4352:artworks in Capitol
4071:Reconstruction acts
3932:Colfax riot of 1873
2896:Richmond-Petersburg
2501:Fugitive slave laws
2431:Popular sovereignty
2411:Missouri Compromise
2401:Kansas-Nebraska Act
2284:General information
1904:Confederate Veteran
1664:Sewanee Alumni News
1642:Confederate Veteran
1627:, pp. 177–179.
1536:, pp. 136–137.
1512:, pp. 145–147.
1500:, pp. 101–102.
1296:, pp. 493–494.
1268:, pp. 347–348.
1136:Chester, Edward W.
1063:, now owned by the
980:Mary McLeod Bethune
839:from 1870 to 1875.
809:Lynchburg, Virginia
738:Walker's Greyhounds
726:Battle of Mansfield
476:Battle of Palo Alto
379:, an attorney, and
308:Heartland Offensive
5030:Edmund Kirby Smith
4990:American Civil War
4717:A Lincoln Portrait
4658:Politicians killed
4582:U.S. Balloon Corps
4577:Union corps badges
4357:memorials to Davis
4227:Disenfranchisement
4098:Reconstruction era
3979:Timber Culture Act
3937:Compromise of 1877
2901:Franklin–Nashville
2571:Frederick Douglass
2474:Cornerstone Speech
2391:Compromise of 1850
2339:American Civil War
2299:Edmund Kirby Smith
2290:Edmund Kirby Smith
2061:Gallagher, Gary W.
1810:. August 11, 2019.
1012:Sewanee, Tennessee
890:Sewanee, Tennessee
848:Sewanee, Tennessee
825:preparatory school
797:General Beauregard
748:'s incursion into
742:John George Walker
730:Red River Campaign
694:
669:Thanks of Congress
661:lieutenant-general
653:Battle of Richmond
593:Joseph E. Johnston
589:lieutenant-colonel
572:American Civil War
566:Benjamin McCulloch
464:
369:
328:Nathaniel P. Banks
320:Red River Campaign
297:United States Army
293:American Civil War
263:, who oversaw the
254:Edmund Kirby Smith
234:American Civil War
147:United States Army
129:Confederate States
98:Sewanee, Tennessee
48:Smith in uniform,
36:Edmund Kirby Smith
4971:
4970:
4939:
4938:
4935:
4934:
4769:Italian Americans
4754:African Americans
4711:John Brown's Body
4464:
4463:
4460:
4459:
4377:
4376:
4215:Robert E. Lee Day
3959:Freedmen's Bureau
3922:Brooks–Baxter War
3853:
3852:
3849:
3848:
3845:
3844:
3637:
3636:
3417:
3416:
3413:
3412:
3409:
3408:
2826:Northern Virginia
2772:Trans-Mississippi
2745:
2744:
2640:
2639:
2636:
2635:
2532:Uncle Tom's Cabin
2469:African Americans
2255:978-0-8071-0823-9
2238:978-1-4696-4972-6
2228:Silkenat, David.
2223:978-0-8160-2202-1
2201:978-0-8071-3088-9
2169:978-0-8071-1800-9
2127:978-0-7864-1554-0
2082:978-0-684-86350-4
2052:978-1-58544-487-8
2034:978-1-84603-213-4
2015:978-0-306-80622-3
1960:Heroines of Dixie
1951:978-0-8047-3641-1
1936:Eicher, John H.;
1929:978-0-8061-3129-0
1912:Davis, William C.
1906:, S.A. Cunningham
1842:"Meeting Minutes"
1510:Sheehan-Dean 2007
945:Cornelius Hankins
896:(1882–1939), and
766:guerrilla warfare
699:Mississippi River
663:, commanding the
641:Army of Tennessee
635:Army of Tennessee
627:commander in the
605:brigadier-general
601:Shenandoah Valley
587:with the rank of
448:7th U.S. Infantry
444:5th U.S. Infantry
440:second lieutenant
395:Florida Territory
316:Mississippi River
285:Arizona Territory
251:
250:
63:"Ted", "Seminole"
16:(Redirected from
5157:
5012:
5011:
5010:
5000:
4999:
4998:
4988:
4987:
4986:
4979:
4961:
4951:
4950:
4774:Native Americans
4759:German Americans
4552:Partisan rangers
4547:Official Records
4487:
4470:
4362:memorials to Lee
4309:
3870:
3859:
3646:
3443:
3436:
3423:
3396:Washington, D.C.
3190:Indian Territory
3150:Dakota Territory
3108:
3025:Chancellorsville
2816:Jackson's Valley
2806:Blockade runners
2682:
2675:
2646:
2606:Thaddeus Stevens
2596:Lysander Spooner
2556:Susan B. Anthony
2358:
2347:
2332:
2325:
2318:
2309:
2156:
2105:
2085:
2074:
2055:
2037:
2018:
1997:
1988:
1979:
1963:
1954:
1938:Eicher, David J.
1932:
1921:
1907:
1886:
1878:
1857:
1851:
1845:
1839:
1833:
1832:
1829:(Fox 35 Orlando)
1818:
1812:
1811:
1804:
1798:
1797:
1793:Orlando Sentinel
1783:
1777:
1776:
1772:Daily Commercial
1762:
1756:
1750:
1744:
1743:
1741:
1739:
1734:on June 16, 2020
1730:. Archived from
1717:
1711:
1710:
1708:
1706:
1696:
1690:
1688:
1686:
1684:
1674:
1668:
1667:
1666:. February 1949.
1656:
1650:
1649:
1634:
1628:
1622:
1616:
1615:
1613:
1611:
1592:
1583:
1582:
1580:
1578:
1569:. Archived from
1558:
1552:
1543:
1537:
1531:
1525:
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1513:
1507:
1501:
1495:
1489:
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1117:
1106:
1099:
1057:Alexander Darnes
992:St. Johns County
879:Hempstead, Texas
805:General Sheridan
781:Galveston, Texas
746:Frederick Steele
707:Ulysses S. Grant
597:adjutant general
531:Alexander Darnes
523:2nd U.S. Cavalry
492:first lieutenant
388:
377:Joseph Lee Smith
332:Galveston, Texas
314:and west of the
289:Indian Territory
247:
167:1845–1861 (U.S.)
94:
77:
75:
54:
46:
32:
21:
5165:
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4996:
4994:
4984:
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4974:
4972:
4967:
4931:
4915:
4800:
4764:Irish Americans
4742:
4687:
4596:
4587:U.S. Home Guard
4527:Field artillery
4481:
4480:
4456:
4398:
4373:
4335:
4304:
4298:
4190:Civil War Trust
4157:
4151:
4039:Ethnic violence
4024:Kirk–Holden war
3903:
3864:
3841:
3775:
3633:
3577:
3430:
3405:
3359:
3112:
3099:
2930:
2911:Sherman's March
2891:Bermuda Hundred
2786:
2741:
2713:
2669:
2668:
2632:
2591:J. Sella Martin
2561:James G. Birney
2537:
2455:
2381:Bleeding Kansas
2369:
2352:
2341:
2336:
2265:
2260:
2244:Warner, Ezra J.
2153:
2132:
2113:
2111:Further reading
2108:
2103:
2088:
2083:
2065:Finkelman, Paul
2058:
2053:
2040:
2035:
2022:
2016:
2002:Nofi, Albert A.
2000:
1991:
1982:
1966:
1957:
1952:
1935:
1930:
1910:
1889:
1869:
1865:
1860:
1852:
1848:
1840:
1836:
1831:. July 7, 2020.
1820:
1819:
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1727:Palm Beach Post
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1447:
1441:Cunningham 1992
1439:
1428:
1420:
1416:
1412:, p. 1306.
1408:
1404:
1394:
1393:
1389:
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1372:, May 31, 2016.
1366:Wayback Machine
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1316:Wayback Machine
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1245:Phi Alpha Theta
1239:
1228:
1218:
1214:
1206:
1202:
1194:
1183:
1175:
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1105:, p. 494).
1100:
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1074:
921:
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833:Bushrod Johnson
817:
683:
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637:
574:
525:, primarily in
456:
355:
339:oath of loyalty
312:Rocky Mountains
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4911:Women soldiers
4908:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4888:
4883:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4866:Naming the war
4863:
4858:
4853:
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4594:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4502:Campaign Medal
4499:
4493:
4491:
4483:
4482:
4479:
4478:
4477:Related topics
4474:
4473:
4466:
4465:
4462:
4461:
4458:
4457:
4455:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4422:
4417:
4412:
4406:
4404:
4400:
4399:
4397:
4396:
4391:
4385:
4383:
4379:
4378:
4375:
4374:
4372:
4371:
4366:
4365:
4364:
4359:
4354:
4343:
4341:
4337:
4336:
4334:
4333:
4332:
4331:
4326:
4315:
4313:
4306:
4300:
4299:
4297:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4240:
4239:
4234:
4224:
4219:
4218:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4205:Decoration Day
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4161:
4159:
4158:Reconstruction
4153:
4152:
4150:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4138:
4137:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4116:
4115:
4105:
4100:
4095:
4094:
4093:
4088:
4083:
4078:
4068:
4067:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4020:
4019:
4014:
4012:second inquiry
4009:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3984:
3983:
3982:
3976:
3969:Homestead Acts
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3950:
3949:
3939:
3934:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3917:Alabama Claims
3913:
3911:
3909:Reconstruction
3905:
3904:
3902:
3901:
3900:
3899:
3897:15th Amendment
3894:
3892:14th Amendment
3889:
3887:13th Amendment
3878:
3876:
3866:
3865:
3862:
3855:
3854:
3851:
3850:
3847:
3846:
3843:
3842:
3840:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3783:
3781:
3777:
3776:
3774:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3652:
3650:
3643:
3639:
3638:
3635:
3634:
3632:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3585:
3583:
3579:
3578:
3576:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3518:J. E. Johnston
3515:
3513:A. S. Johnston
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3453:R. H. Anderson
3449:
3447:
3440:
3432:
3431:
3426:
3419:
3418:
3415:
3414:
3411:
3410:
3407:
3406:
3404:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3367:
3365:
3361:
3360:
3358:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3315:South Carolina
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3290:North Carolina
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3116:
3114:
3105:
3101:
3100:
3098:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3015:Fredericksburg
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2955:Wilson's Creek
2952:
2947:
2941:
2939:
2932:
2931:
2929:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2797:
2795:
2788:
2787:
2785:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2767:Lower Seaboard
2764:
2759:
2753:
2751:
2747:
2746:
2743:
2742:
2740:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2723:
2721:
2715:
2714:
2712:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2690:
2688:
2679:
2671:
2670:
2667:
2666:
2663:
2660:
2657:
2654:
2650:
2649:
2642:
2641:
2638:
2637:
2634:
2633:
2631:
2630:
2625:
2623:Harriet Tubman
2620:
2619:
2618:
2611:Charles Sumner
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2547:
2545:
2539:
2538:
2536:
2535:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2465:
2463:
2457:
2456:
2454:
2453:
2448:
2446:States' rights
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2372:
2370:
2368:
2367:
2361:
2354:
2353:
2350:
2343:
2342:
2337:
2335:
2334:
2327:
2320:
2312:
2306:
2305:
2296:
2286:
2285:
2281:
2280:
2270:
2269:
2264:
2263:External links
2261:
2259:
2258:
2241:
2226:
2211:
2204:
2189:
2172:
2157:
2151:
2130:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2106:
2102:978-0873386548
2101:
2086:
2081:
2056:
2051:
2038:
2033:
2020:
2014:
1998:
1989:
1987:, vol. 29
1980:
1964:
1955:
1950:
1933:
1928:
1908:
1887:
1873:, ed. (1911),
1871:Chisholm, Hugh
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1858:
1856:, p. 135.
1846:
1834:
1813:
1799:
1778:
1757:
1745:
1712:
1691:
1669:
1651:
1629:
1617:
1584:
1553:
1538:
1526:
1524:, p. 281.
1514:
1502:
1490:
1479:(2): 588–589.
1457:
1445:
1443:, p. 166.
1426:
1424:, p. 422.
1414:
1402:
1387:
1374:
1351:
1320:
1298:
1279:
1270:
1249:
1226:
1212:
1200:
1198:, p. 260.
1181:
1166:
1150:
1129:
1127:, August 2011.
1111:
1108:
1107:
1093:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1085:
1080:
1073:
1070:
1069:
1068:
1053:
1045:E. Kirby Smith
1036:
1030:
1015:
1004:
952:
941:
920:
917:
859:
856:
816:
813:
799:'s house near
758:Sterling Price
679:Main article:
676:
673:
636:
633:
573:
570:
490:promotions to
484:Winfield Scott
472:Zachary Taylor
455:
452:
354:
351:
324:Richard Taylor
249:
248:
241:
237:
236:
227:
223:
222:
220:
219:
214:
208:
206:
202:
201:
199:
198:
192:
185:
183:
179:
178:
176:
175:
168:
164:
162:
158:
157:
155:
154:
149:
143:
141:
135:
134:
132:
131:
126:
120:
118:
114:
113:
108:
106:
102:
101:
95:(aged 68)
91:March 28, 1893
89:
85:
84:
69:
65:
64:
61:
57:
56:
47:
39:
38:
35:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5162:
5151:
5148:
5146:
5143:
5141:
5138:
5136:
5133:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5118:
5116:
5113:
5111:
5108:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5083:
5081:
5078:
5076:
5073:
5071:
5068:
5066:
5063:
5061:
5058:
5056:
5053:
5051:
5048:
5046:
5043:
5041:
5038:
5036:
5033:
5031:
5028:
5027:
5025:
5015:
5005:
5003:
4993:
4991:
4981:
4977:
4964:
4960:
4956:
4954:
4946:
4945:
4942:
4928:
4925:
4924:
4922:
4918:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4899:
4897:
4894:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4882:
4881:Photographers
4879:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4857:
4856:Gender issues
4854:
4852:
4849:
4845:
4842:
4841:
4840:
4837:
4833:
4830:
4829:
4828:
4825:
4823:
4820:
4818:
4815:
4813:
4810:
4809:
4807:
4803:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4776:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4751:
4749:
4745:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4718:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4698:
4696:
4694:
4690:
4684:
4683:War Democrats
4681:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4673:Union Leagues
4671:
4669:
4666:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4605:
4603:
4599:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4572:Turning point
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4542:Naval battles
4540:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4494:
4492:
4488:
4484:
4476:
4475:
4471:
4467:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4427:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4407:
4405:
4401:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4386:
4384:
4380:
4370:
4367:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4349:
4348:
4345:
4344:
4342:
4338:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4321:
4320:
4317:
4316:
4314:
4310:
4307:
4305:and memorials
4301:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4229:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4167:
4166:
4165:Commemoration
4163:
4162:
4160:
4154:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4136:
4133:
4132:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4114:
4111:
4110:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4073:
4072:
4069:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4041:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4007:first inquiry
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3989:
3988:
3985:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3971:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3948:
3945:
3944:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3927:Carpetbaggers
3925:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3914:
3912:
3910:
3906:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3884:
3883:
3880:
3879:
3877:
3875:
3871:
3867:
3860:
3856:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3784:
3782:
3778:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3653:
3651:
3647:
3644:
3640:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3586:
3584:
3580:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3450:
3448:
3444:
3441:
3437:
3433:
3429:
3424:
3420:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3368:
3366:
3362:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3350:West Virginia
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3270:New Hampshire
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3230:Massachusetts
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3117:
3115:
3109:
3106:
3102:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2970:Hampton Roads
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2960:Fort Donelson
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2942:
2940:
2938:
2933:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
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2882:
2879:
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2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2856:Morgan's Raid
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
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2819:
2817:
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2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2801:Anaconda Plan
2799:
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2789:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2777:Pacific Coast
2775:
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2540:
2534:
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2527:
2524:
2522:
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2517:
2514:
2512:
2511:Positive good
2509:
2507:
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2502:
2499:
2497:
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2492:
2489:
2487:
2486:
2482:
2480:
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2458:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2426:Panic of 1857
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2386:Border states
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2373:
2371:
2366:
2363:
2362:
2359:
2355:
2348:
2344:
2340:
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2328:
2326:
2321:
2319:
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2310:
2304:
2300:
2297:
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2291:
2288:
2287:
2283:
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2279:
2275:
2272:
2271:
2267:
2266:
2262:
2256:
2252:
2248:
2245:
2242:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2209:
2205:
2202:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2187:
2183:
2179:
2178:
2173:
2170:
2166:
2162:
2158:
2154:
2148:
2144:
2140:
2136:
2131:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2115:
2110:
2104:
2098:
2094:
2093:
2087:
2084:
2078:
2073:
2072:
2066:
2062:
2057:
2054:
2048:
2044:
2039:
2036:
2030:
2026:
2021:
2017:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1990:
1986:
1981:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1965:
1961:
1956:
1953:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1934:
1931:
1925:
1920:
1919:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1888:
1884:
1883:
1877:
1872:
1868:
1867:
1862:
1855:
1850:
1847:
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1838:
1835:
1830:
1828:
1823:
1817:
1814:
1809:
1803:
1800:
1795:
1794:
1789:
1782:
1779:
1774:
1773:
1768:
1761:
1758:
1754:
1749:
1746:
1733:
1729:
1728:
1723:
1716:
1713:
1705:September 17,
1701:
1695:
1692:
1683:September 17,
1679:
1673:
1670:
1665:
1661:
1655:
1652:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1633:
1630:
1626:
1621:
1618:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1591:
1589:
1585:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1557:
1554:
1550:
1549:
1542:
1539:
1535:
1534:Townsend 2006
1530:
1527:
1523:
1518:
1515:
1511:
1506:
1503:
1499:
1494:
1491:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1473:
1468:
1461:
1458:
1455:, p. 94.
1454:
1449:
1446:
1442:
1437:
1435:
1433:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1418:
1415:
1411:
1406:
1403:
1398:
1391:
1388:
1384:
1378:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1360:
1355:
1352:
1344:September 21,
1340:
1339:
1334:
1327:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1310:
1305:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1290:
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1286:
1284:
1280:
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1267:
1262:
1260:
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1250:
1246:
1242:
1237:
1235:
1233:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1222:
1216:
1213:
1210:, p. 14.
1209:
1204:
1201:
1197:
1196:Chisholm 1911
1192:
1190:
1188:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1173:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1154:
1151:
1147:
1146:9781621901006
1143:
1139:
1133:
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1126:
1122:
1116:
1113:
1104:
1098:
1095:
1088:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1075:
1071:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1051:
1048:was built in
1047:
1046:
1041:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1002:
997:
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989:
985:
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977:
973:
969:
965:
961:
957:
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950:
946:
942:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
922:
918:
916:
914:
910:
906:
901:
900:(1884–1938).
899:
895:
891:
887:
882:
880:
876:
871:
869:
865:
858:Personal life
857:
855:
853:
849:
845:
840:
838:
834:
830:
826:
822:
814:
812:
810:
806:
802:
798:
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790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
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763:
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731:
727:
722:
720:
716:
711:
708:
704:
700:
692:
687:
682:
674:
672:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
645:Braxton Bragg
642:
634:
632:
630:
626:
622:
621:major-general
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
595:'s assistant
594:
590:
586:
582:
579:
571:
569:
567:
563:
559:
555:
551:
546:
543:
538:
536:
533:, then 15, a
532:
528:
524:
519:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
486:and received
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
460:
453:
451:
449:
445:
441:
438:
434:
429:
427:
423:
419:
415:
410:
408:
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396:
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387:
382:
378:
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367:
363:
359:
352:
350:
348:
344:
340:
335:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
300:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
259:
255:
246:
242:
238:
235:
231:
228:
224:
218:
215:
213:
210:
209:
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203:
196:
193:
190:
187:
186:
184:
180:
173:
169:
166:
165:
163:
159:
153:
150:
148:
145:
144:
142:
140:
136:
130:
127:
125:
124:United States
122:
121:
119:
115:
107:
103:
99:
90:
86:
82:
70:
66:
62:
58:
51:
45:
40:
33:
30:
19:
4822:Bibliography
4805:Other topics
4747:By ethnicity
4715:
4668:Trent Affair
4567:Signal Corps
4424:
4147:White League
4034:Ku Klux Klan
3947:Confederados
3874:Constitution
3746:D. D. Porter
3599:Breckinridge
3557:
3310:Rhode Island
3305:Pennsylvania
3060:Spotsylvania
3020:Stones River
3000:2nd Bull Run
2950:1st Bull Run
2836:Stones River
2737:Marine Corps
2704:Marine Corps
2543:Abolitionism
2530:
2483:
2294:Find a Grave
2246:
2229:
2214:
2207:
2192:
2176:
2160:
2134:
2118:
2091:
2070:
2042:
2024:
2005:
1993:
1984:
1968:
1959:
1941:
1917:
1903:
1880:
1849:
1837:
1825:
1816:
1802:
1791:
1781:
1770:
1760:
1748:
1736:. Retrieved
1732:the original
1725:
1715:
1703:. Retrieved
1694:
1681:. Retrieved
1672:
1663:
1654:
1645:
1641:
1632:
1620:
1608:. Retrieved
1604:the original
1599:
1577:November 17,
1575:. Retrieved
1571:the original
1566:
1556:
1546:
1541:
1529:
1517:
1505:
1493:
1476:
1470:
1466:
1460:
1448:
1417:
1410:Lossing 1881
1405:
1396:
1390:
1382:
1377:
1370:Hernando Sun
1369:
1354:
1342:. Retrieved
1336:
1273:
1220:
1215:
1203:
1161:
1153:
1132:
1124:
1115:
1097:
1044:
1040:liberty ship
976:civil rights
909:All-Southern
902:
883:
872:
867:
861:
841:
818:
770:
754:
723:
712:
695:
638:
575:
547:
539:
520:
512:regular army
465:
430:
422:yellow fever
411:
399:tuberculosis
370:
336:
301:
267:(comprising
253:
252:
93:(1893-03-28)
78:May 16, 1824
29:
5040:1893 deaths
5035:1824 births
4628:Copperheads
4340:Confederate
4232:Black Codes
3558:E. K. Smith
3439:Confederate
3386:New Orleans
3381:Chattanooga
3245:Mississippi
3145:Connecticut
3113:territories
3104:Involvement
3065:Cold Harbor
3055:Fort Pillow
3045:Chattanooga
3040:Chickamauga
2990:Seven Pines
2980:New Orleans
2945:Fort Sumter
2886:Valley 1864
2719:Confederacy
2516:Slave Power
2496:Fire-Eaters
1985:Marine News
1179:, p. .
984:Lake County
968:John Gorrie
934:Baton Rouge
801:New Orleans
773:Stand Watie
715:Port Hudson
496:Cerro Gordo
418:Fort Marion
170:1861–1865 (
60:Nickname(s)
53: 1862
18:Kirby Smith
5024:Categories
4861:Juneteenth
4382:Cemeteries
4259:Red Shirts
4170:Centennial
4120:Red Shirts
3528:Longstreet
3458:Beauregard
3401:Winchester
3376:Charleston
3345:Washington
3280:New Mexico
3275:New Jersey
3135:California
3111:States and
3095:Five Forks
3080:Mobile Bay
3050:Wilderness
3030:Gettysburg
3010:Perryville
2995:Seven Days
2926:Appomattox
2851:Gettysburg
2811:New Mexico
2678:Combatants
2653:Combatants
2566:John Brown
2152:0817305467
2139:Tuscaloosa
1863:References
1738:October 1,
1625:Jones 1955
1453:Davis 1999
972:Rick Scott
936:was named
894:Joseph Lee
875:Shreveport
815:Later life
535:mixed-race
508:Churubusco
426:Fort Brown
279:, western
117:Allegiance
74:1824-05-16
5002:Biography
4839:Espionage
4633:Diplomacy
4601:Political
4557:POW camps
4303:Monuments
4130:Scalawags
4125:Redeemers
3863:Aftermath
3812:Pinkerton
3751:Rosecrans
3716:McClellan
3619:Memminger
3355:Wisconsin
3320:Tennessee
3240:Minnesota
3215:Louisiana
3090:Nashville
3035:Vicksburg
2965:Pea Ridge
2916:Carolinas
2871:Red River
2866:Knoxville
2846:Tullahoma
2841:Vicksburg
2821:Peninsula
2793:campaigns
2659:Campaigns
2436:Secession
1266:Nofi 1995
926:dormitory
852:pneumonia
581:artillery
554:secession
504:Contreras
281:Louisiana
240:Signature
4953:Category
4794:Seminole
4784:Cherokee
4537:Medicine
4490:Military
4403:Veterans
4237:Jim Crow
4002:timeline
3797:Ericsson
3780:Civilian
3761:Sheridan
3721:McDowell
3681:Farragut
3666:Burnside
3656:Anderson
3649:Military
3629:Stephens
3589:Benjamin
3582:Civilian
3468:Buchanan
3446:Military
3391:Richmond
3340:Virginia
3285:New York
3260:Nebraska
3250:Missouri
3235:Michigan
3225:Maryland
3210:Kentucky
3185:Illinois
3160:Delaware
3140:Colorado
3125:Arkansas
3085:Franklin
3005:Antietam
2876:Overland
2831:Maryland
2750:Theaters
2656:Theaters
2268:Official
2067:(2002),
2004:(1995),
1940:(2001),
1914:(1999),
1902:(1922),
1362:Archived
1312:Archived
1072:See also
1043:SS
994:, whose
913:Iron Men
868:uncommon
775:and the
750:Arkansas
719:Richmond
625:division
550:Comanche
478:and the
433:Seminole
403:Virginia
287:and the
273:Missouri
269:Arkansas
205:Commands
5014:Florida
4976:Portals
4920:Related
4789:Choctaw
4779:Catawba
4562:Rations
4507:Cavalry
4369:Removal
3997:efforts
3981:of 1873
3827:Stevens
3822:Stanton
3807:Lincoln
3766:Sherman
3701:Halleck
3691:Frémont
3676:Du Pont
3614:Mallory
3573:Wheeler
3508:Jackson
3488:Forrest
3428:Leaders
3371:Atlanta
3335:Vermont
3255:Montana
3195:Indiana
3170:Georgia
3165:Florida
3130:Arizona
3120:Alabama
3070:Atlanta
2985:Corinth
2937:battles
2881:Atlanta
2861:Bristoe
2762:Western
2757:Eastern
2662:Battles
2461:Slavery
2365:Origins
2351:Origins
2276:at the
2186:1487259
1977:1446520
1485:1850453
1243:, 2011
1023:Sewanee
1006:At the
988:Tavares
962:of the
898:Ephraim
793:treason
728:in the
647:in the
611:in the
609:brigade
599:in the
585:cavalry
578:regular
562:Coleman
500:captain
498:and to
474:at the
466:In the
442:in the
381:Frances
261:general
195:General
4963:Portal
4901:Tokens
3837:Welles
3817:Seward
3802:Hamlin
3771:Thomas
3706:Hooker
3671:Butler
3624:Seddon
3609:Hunter
3594:Bocock
3568:Taylor
3563:Stuart
3553:Semmes
3533:Morgan
3493:Gorgas
3473:Cooper
3364:Cities
3300:Oregon
3265:Nevada
3205:Kansas
3175:Hawaii
3075:Crater
2975:Shiloh
2935:Major
2921:Mobile
2791:Major
2665:States
2616:Caning
2253:
2236:
2221:
2199:
2184:
2167:
2149:
2125:
2099:
2079:
2049:
2031:
2012:
1975:
1948:
1926:
1610:May 3,
1483:
1144:
919:Legacy
488:brevet
437:brevet
197:(C.S.)
191:(U.S.)
139:Branch
105:Buried
100:, U.S.
83:, U.S.
4706:Dixie
4693:Music
4312:Union
4156:Post-
3992:trial
3792:Chase
3787:Adams
3756:Scott
3731:Meigs
3726:Meade
3696:Grant
3686:Foote
3661:Buell
3642:Union
3604:Davis
3548:Price
3538:Mosby
3483:Ewell
3478:Early
3463:Bragg
3325:Texas
3220:Maine
3180:Idaho
2686:Union
1481:JSTOR
1089:Notes
1010:, in
558:major
527:Texas
277:Texas
189:Major
4891:Salt
4497:Arms
4347:List
4319:List
3832:Wade
3741:Pope
3711:Hunt
3543:Polk
3503:Hood
3498:Hill
3330:Utah
3295:Ohio
3200:Iowa
2732:Navy
2727:Army
2699:Navy
2694:Army
2251:ISBN
2234:ISBN
2219:ISBN
2197:ISBN
2182:OCLC
2165:ISBN
2147:ISBN
2123:ISBN
2097:ISBN
2077:ISBN
2047:ISBN
2029:ISBN
2010:ISBN
1973:OCLC
1946:ISBN
1924:ISBN
1827:WOFL
1740:2018
1707:2018
1685:2018
1612:2018
1579:2017
1346:2018
1142:ISBN
996:seat
789:Cuba
623:and
506:and
502:for
494:for
226:Wars
182:Rank
172:C.S.
88:Died
68:Born
3736:Ord
3523:Lee
2301:at
2292:at
1469:".
1021:at
932:in
930:LSU
888:in
846:at
827:in
768:.
386:née
364:at
5026::
2145:.
2141::
2063:;
1898:;
1879:,
1824:.
1790:.
1769:.
1724:.
1662:.
1646:15
1644:.
1640:.
1598:.
1587:^
1565:.
1477:79
1475:.
1429:^
1368:,
1335:.
1323:^
1301:^
1282:^
1252:^
1229:^
1184:^
1169:^
1160:,
1123:,
924:A
631:.
518:.
450:.
428:.
409:.
349:.
299:.
283:,
275:,
271:,
50:c.
4978::
2331:e
2324:t
2317:v
2257:.
2240:.
2225:.
2203:.
2188:.
2171:.
2155:.
2129:.
2019:.
1796:.
1775:.
1742:.
1709:.
1689:.
1687:.
1614:.
1581:.
1487:.
1348:.
1164:.
1148:.
951:.
383:(
174:)
76:)
72:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
