Koreans in China - Knowledge (XXG)

940:. Korean emigrants used to be considered as independent activists in China, but now they were generally considered as the vanguard of Japanese invasion. Relationship between local Chinese and Korean emigrants became tense. After the Chinese government signed the treaty with the Japanese government on 11 June 1925 to assist the Japanese get rid of Korean independent activists in Northeast China, the Fengtian clique began to use this treaty to expel and persecute Korean emigrants and began to take back the farm lands cultivated by non-naturalized Korean emigrants or put on more restrictions. Naturalized Korean emigrants, however, continue to have the rights to own farm lands. 2673:

students and professionals, 1.7 million people of Chaoxianzu (Korean ethnicity who has Chinese nationality), those of Korean descent who have naturalized as Chinese citizens along with their family and relatives, but are categorized as Han Chinese or other ethnicities within China's ethnic classification system). Among them, the population of Chaoxianzu and Korean Chinese with Chinese (PRC) citizenship (including 1.7 million people of Korean ethnicity) is 1,893,763 people (October 2023). Considering those individuals of Korean ethnicity who have already acquired South Korean citizenship, the figure of 2 million seems unlikely.

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the western fringes. This is a historical fact of considerable significance but one which has received virtually no attention in the standard historical compilations of that period or in the modern books based on these sources. . . . While there were limits to the influence of the Koreans along the eastern coast of China, there can be no doubt of their dominance over the waters off these shores. . . . The days of Korean maritime dominance in the Far East actually were numbered, but in Ennin's time, the men of Silla were still the masters of the seas in their part of the world.

1361: 7260: 1600: 6634: 6629: 1310:, "vents took a horrific turn in the frontier town of Yanbian, where freight trains trundled from China into the DPRK, draped with the corpses of Koreans killed in the pitched battles of the Cultural Revolution, and daubed with threatening graffiti: 'This will be your fate also, you tiny revisionists!'" After the Cultural Revolution ended, things gradually restored to normal. 6384: 468:. These Koreans imported exotic products that were already foreign to China into Korea (Silla). Like other foreigners involved in trade, Koreans were placed in designated quarters in those cities such as Dengzhou, Yangzhou and Lianshui in Huai'an (Chuzhou) with special interpreters and managers for foreigners but Korean traders mostly avoided southern China. 1129:. The Kuomintang initially implemented similar policies towards both Korean and Japanese people, impounding or confiscating Korean properties and repatriating Korean emigrants. Since Korean farmers played important roles in rice production in Northeast China, the Kuomintang revoked this hostile policy towards Koreans in China after the intervention of 1318:. These regulations stipulated that the Chairman of the Standing Committee of the Prefectural People's Congress should be a Korean, and that Koreans may occupy more than half the posts within the Prefectural People's Government as vice mayors, the chief secretary, directors of bureaus, and so on. Other regulations require the use of both 1165:, cooperation between the communists and Koreans in China strengthened and the social status of Koreans among the communists rose to new heights. the Chinese Communists let the Koreans choose whether to voluntarily become Chinese citizens and left them ample time and options to choose. In March 1946, Northeast China started the 3137:

From what Ennin tells us, it seems that commerce between East China, Korea and Japan was, for the most part, in the hands of men from Silla. Here in the relatively dangerous waters on the eastern fringes of the world, they performed the same functions as did the traders of the placid Mediterranean on

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Bilingual School. Because many Korean students are not studying in Korean-medium schools, the Korean Chamber of Commerce and Industry operates a Korean Saturday School; it had about 600 students in 2007. The chamber uses rented space in the OCT Primary School as the Korean weekend school's classroom.

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Under these circumstances, Korean emigrants in Northeast China began to have the consensus of becoming naturalized and actively seeking local autonomy. Many anti-Japanese Korean organizations took measures to protect Korean emigrants and negotiated local Chinese governments into making concessions or

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soldiers and Japanese police near the west gate of the Japanese consulate. Bullets were fired towards the demonstrators. 19 people were killed, 48 injured and 94 arrested. From 13 March to 1 May, a total of 73 anti-Japanese Korean rallies broke out in 15 counties in Northeast China. The total number

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to protest against the Japanese and demonstrate supports for the 1 March Movement. This is the first massive grassroot anti-Japanese demonstration in Yanbian. A declaration of independence drafted by Yanbian Koreans was read out at the rally. The crowd then marched towards the Japanese consulate in

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As of 2007 there were some Korean children enrolled in schools for Chinese locals. As of 2014 spaces for foreign students in Shenzhen public schools were limited, so some Korean residents are forced to put their children in private schools. In addition, in 2007, there were about 900 Korean children

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Typically, they come to China as employees of South Korean corporations on short-term international assignments or as employers of South Korean businesses operating in China handling Chinese workers; when their assignments are completed, many prefer to stay on in China, using the contacts they have

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On 24 April 1985, the eighth session of the People's Congress of Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture passed the "Autonomy Regulations of Korean Autonomous Prefecture", which was later approved by the sixth session of Jilin Province People's Congress as law. The Yanbian Autonomy Regulations consist

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According to reports from the majority of Chinese and South Korean media, the total population of the Korean ethnic group is 1.7 million. However, the South Korean government (2023) believes that the total population of Koreans in China is 2,109,727 people (including South Korean nationals who are

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submitted a paddy field farming specifications document of a Korean immigrant farmer to the central Agriculture and Business Administration. After receiving the administration's approval, Jinlin Province started to promote rice production. Han Chinese farmer began to hire Korean emigrants to learn

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The number of South Koreans in China was estimated to be 300,000 to 400,000 as of 2006; at the 2006 rate of growth, their population had been expected to reach one million by 2008. By 2007, the South Korean Embassy in Beijing stated their population had reached 700,000. However, due to the global

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was promoting land developments in Northeast China. This offered a favorable condition for the Japanese population migration policy. After the Chinese government issued the national wild land development decree on 3 March 1914, the water bureau of Mukden Province began to hire Korean emigrants to

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was officially designated as a Korean Autonomous Region and Zhu Dehai was appointed as the first Chairman. On 20 July 1954, the first session of People's Congress was held in Yanbian. In April 1955, "Yanbian Korean Autonomous Region" was renamed as "Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture" per the

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began in 1877. The growth of paddy fields brings the further development of irrigation projects in Northeast China by Korean farmers, who built numerous watering canals to irrigate paddy fields. In June 1906, 14 Korean farmers built the earliest irrigation system in Yanbian. The total length of

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areas, with a total population of more than 37,000. In 1881, the Qing government established a special bureau to recruit farmers to cultivate the land and allocated the 700 by 45-square-kilometer area north of the Tumen River as the special farming areas for Korean farmers. The Qing government

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in Northeast China maintained a complicated relationship with the Japanese. They sometimes cooperated with the Japanese and sometimes were at odds with them. To fight for the control of Korean emigrants, the Fengtian clique attempted to persuade or force Korean emigrants to become naturalized

400: Joseon ethnicity) is often used to refer to Koreans in China who have Chinese nationality. This terminology parallels "Chaoxianzu," which is predominantly utilized in mainland China and stands as the official designation for this ethnic minority, as stipulated by the Chinese government. 721:

area in 1875 and 1881 respectively. During the years between 1860 and 1870, several unprecedented natural disasters struck the northern part of the Korean Peninsula. Meanwhile, peasant revolts in the south spread to the north. Large numbers of Korean refugees moved to the north banks of the

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and feudal warlords in China, and a reliable source of support in the fight against the Imperial Japanese and feudal warlords. In July 1928, the Chinese Communist Party officially included Koreans in China as one of the ethnic minorities of China on its 6th National Conference. After the

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Events took a horrific turn in the frontier town of Yanbian, where freight trains trundled from China into the DPRK, draped with the corpses of Koreans killed in the pitched battles of the Cultural Revolution, and daubed with threatening graffiti: 'This will be your fate also, you tiny

1109:. Among the 11 army divisions of the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army, Koreans accounted for half of the total number in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 7th army division. During the 14 years of fight against the Japanese, Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army killed 183,700 Japanese soldiers. 747:, and pay taxes to the Qing government. However, most of the Korean emigrants considered that official dress codes were a discriminatory policy of assimilation. By 1910, the number of Korean migrants in China reached about 260,000, with around 100,000 of them living in the current-day 1368:

Koreans in China have a tradition of education. The education level of Koreans in China is above China's national average and one of the highest among ethnic groups in China. The Chinese government is also very supportive in preserving their language and culture. Korean schools from

955:. Many Korean independent organizations seized this good opportunity to encourage Korean emigrants in Northeast China to apply for Chinese citizenship. On 10 September 1928, Korean emigrants in Northeast China established the Korean autonomy organization "Korean Fellow Association" ( 1874:

In 2007 about 500 South Korean companies in Shenzhen were involved in China-South Korean trade, and there were an additional 500 South Korean companies doing business in Shenzhen. In 2007 Kang stated that most of the Koreans in Shenzhen had lived there for five years or longer.

1868:, and Donghai Garden housing estate had other significant concentrations. Donghai Garden began attracting Koreans due to its transportation links and because, around 1998, it was the sole residential building classified as 3-A. As of 2014 Donghai had about 200 Korean families. 932:) in Oct. 1920. As the Japanese often used the excuse of protecting Korean emigrants to enlarge their sphere of influence in Northeast China, the views of Chinese government and people towards Korean emigrants changed after the mid of 1920, especially after the exposure of 860:

and other regions of China to escape Japanese rule. Many Korean independence movement activists and organizations established bases or military training schools in Northeast China and move Korean people there in an organized way. In 1919, after the Japanese crackdown on

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North Koreans seen as politically reliable by their government can acquire passports and visas for travelling to China. As of 2011, there are an estimated 4,000 to 5,000 North Koreans residing as legal resident aliens in China. An increasing number are applying for

901:. Since Korean farmers had succeeded in growing rice in Northeast China in large scale and the price of rice in Japan kept climbing every year, the Japanese started to increase their paddy fields in Northeast China each year and hire Korean emigrants to grow rice. 697:

rulers were also forced by the Qing government to implement harsh penalties to prevent Koreans from entering the sealed areas. As a result, the areas became deserted with no human settlements. But there were still Koreans living nearby who took the risk to collect

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instead carried out policies to encourage Korean emigrants to become naturalized. To prevent the Japanese from using Korean emigrants as a tool of infiltration into Northeast China, the Chinese government also tried to put Korean immigrants' schools into its own

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Between 1921 and 1928, the total areas of paddy fields in Northeast China increased from 48,000 hectare to 125,000 hectares, more than 80% of these rice fields was developed or cultivated by Korean farmers. In 1933, Korean farmers succeeded in growing rice in

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etc. In addition, the Shenzhen Korean Chamber of Commerce and Industry organizes a Korean Saturday school because many Korean students are not studying in Korean-medium schools; the school had about 600 students in 2007. The chamber uses rented space in the

602:) to settle the increasing Korean population. Between the mid-15th century and the early 16th century, the Liaodong Peninsula experienced a peaceful and prosperous era. Favorable policies were carried out towards ethnic minorities in areas like Dongningwei ( 2659: 1314:

of 7 chapters and 75 clauses. It stipulated political, economic, cultural, educational, and social rights of and policies for Korean and other ethnic people in Yanbian Autonomous Prefecture in the form of law. It is the first autonomy regulations in

641:), military clashes between Jurchens and Koreans increased. During the two Jurchen invasions of the Korean Peninsula, they plundered large numbers of Korean people. Most of these Koreans captured by Jurchens were drafted as soldiers into the 1690:

reported that Beijing and Pyongyang had signed an agreement to grant as many as 40,000 industrial trainee visas to North Koreans to permit them to work in China per year; the first batch of workers arrived earlier in the year in the city of

3151: 3876: 1169:, allocating the land formerly occupied by the Japanese or rich Chinese and rich Koreans. Korean farmers in China received farmland just as other Chinese farmers did. From October 1947, the land reform was expanded to nationwide. 743:

strengthened the management of Korean emigrants during the start of the 20th century. Korean emigrants were able to obtain land ownership if they were willing to adopt the dress codes required by the Manchu government, such as the

3661:, the term used in South Korea.... he ethnic Koreans publicly praised North Korean leader Kim Il Sung as a great patriot and independence fighter, albeit not with the degree of veneration the North Koreans themselves gave him. 922:, increasing investments on Korean schools annually to sever the Japanese influence on Korean emigrants. In 1921, Jinlin province quadrupled its annual investments on local Korean schools to repair the damages during the 1232:(CPPCC) as one of the 10 ethnic minorities, participated in the establishment of CPPCC as a representative of Koreans in China. He also attended the grand ceremony for the founding of the People's Republic of China. 1798: 666: 1064:" a few months later in Yanbian. The Japanese army killed 15,000 Koreans and destroyed more than 3,500 houses, 95 schools, 19 churches and nearly 25,000 kg grains. Between 21 and 26 October 1920, the combined 884:. Since there were no large enough urban industry to absorb these redundant rural population, the Japanese started to migrate these Korean farmers to Northeast China. At the same time, the newly established 2228: 969:

on various issues about Korean emigrants' naturalization and autonomy. These negotiations helped to facilitate the naturalization process for Korean emigrants, but failed in establishing Korean autonomy.

3948:"教育部财政部国家发展改革委关于公布世界一流大学和一流学科建设高校及建设学科名单的通知 (Notice from the Ministry of Education and other national governmental departments announcing the list of double first class universities and disciplines)" 547:, and was offered an administrator position to take charge of Korean population there. In the next years, another ten thousand Goryeo households were brought under his administration. In 1266, Wang Jun ( 301:

In South Korea, the terminology describing this demographic has evolved in recent years to adopt a more inclusive tone. Government regulations from 2004 prescribe the use of the terms "jaeoe dongpo" (

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South Koreans began going to the Shenzhen area during the 1980s as part of the reform and opening up era, and this increased when South Korea established formal diplomatic relations with the PRC.

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and ceded more than 1 million square kilometers to the Russians. Pressed by the situation, the Qing government lifted the ban on Northeast China in 1860 and lifted the ban on the Yalu River and

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article initially stated the proportion as 20% (roughly 140,000 people). Between 2008 and 2009, South Korean government figures show that the number of Koreans in China dropped by 433,000. The

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teaching English and Chinese, is another pull factor for temporary South Korean migration to Mainland China but usually after this period, those that have moved have mostly gone back to Korea.

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The majority of ethnic Koreans in China, like the demographics of China overall, have no formal affiliations with a religion. Major religions among ethnic Koreans in China include Buddhism and

519:, Koreans were included along with Northern Chinese, Khitans and Jurchens in the third class, as "Han people". Korean settlements in the Yuan Dynasty were mostly war-related. In 1233, former 3889: 1333:

as a "Model Autonomous Prefecture". Yanbian was the first autonomous prefecture in China to receive this title and it had continuously received this title five times. According to a 2012

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in response to the Chinese Communist Party's call. These bilingual soldiers provided valuable communications help to other Chinese soldiers with locals in Korea in addition to manpower.

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for better economic and financial opportunities have contributed to a decrease in their numbers in China. Conversely, it is estimated that 42% (Approximately 708,000) of this

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in Korean pronunciation) was politically and culturally close to North Korea, and had little contact with—indeed, was officially quite hostile toward—South Korea. The term

2356: 1330: 1276: 1213: 7666: 5115: 4640: 7810: 7112: 1130: 3827: 249:. According to the South Korean government, the combined population of Koreans with Chinese nationality, South Korean, North Korean in China is 2,109,727 in 2023. 7701: 6286: 4303: 1326:

while performing governmental duties, with Korean being the principal language used, along with encouraging the use of Korean in local primary and middle school.

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districts having significant numbers. That year the chairperson of the Korean Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Kang Hee-bang, stated that about 10,000 lived in

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made to start their own consulting businesses or import/export firms. Other South Koreans moved to China on their own after becoming unemployed during the

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During the second half of the nineteenth century, Northeast China increasingly became depopulated after 200 years of Manchus' closure to the region. The

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had been very friendly towards Koreans in China. Koreans had a long history of friendship with the Chinese communists. Koreans participated in both the

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solved the problem of how to grow rice in regions with short frost-free period. Rice farming thereafter quickly expanded to the further north region of

669:, these 2,000 ethnic Koreans were restored their Korean ethnicity per their requests in accordance to the then newly issued Chinese government policy. 7958: 6587: 1619:

and settle down in China, blending into the community; however, they are still subject to deportation if discovered by the authorities. Although the

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as a conservation area of their ancestors' birthplace, and prohibited Koreans and people of other non-Manchu ethnicities from entering the area. The

7932: 7516: 3804: 2347: 1508: 1467: 416:, population migration of some kind has often occurred throughout history. However, most early ethnic Koreans in China had been assimilated by the 2511: 2224: 1674: 1535:

and television broadcasts, as well as a local law mandating all street signs be written in Korean and Chinese. Most ethnic Koreans in China speak

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Ethnic languages were repudiated as one of the "four olds" and large numbers of books and documents pertaining to ethnic languages were burned.

2244: 1436: 1413: 6691: 4475: 4220: 3757: 3723: 3581: 3485: 3431: 3304: 3041: 2969: 2306: 2275: 2220: 1578: 1156:. The Chinese Communist Party considered Koreans in China as the same class of people in China who were oppressed and exploited by both the 999:, there were more than 2.16 million Korean emigrants living in Northeast China. Among them, about 700,000 returned to Korea after the end of 4368: 4146: 7963: 6539: 5108: 2526: 1696: 1267: 784: 748: 645:

or sold to rich Jurchens as farm laborers or servants. Most of the captured Koreans in the early Qing dynasty were forcefully converted to

222: 4984: 3799: 2605:" after capture by Jurchens in the early Qing Dynasty during war, and then followed the Manchus to move to Beijing. They were banished to 844:. In 1934, Korean population accounted for only 3.3% of Northeast China's total population, but produced 90.1% of the rice outputs there. 620:

grew stronger and stronger, Koreans began to move out of Dongningwei. By 1537, the Korean population in Dongningwei had decreased by 60%.

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in non-Chinese K-12 institutions; the latter included 400 of them at private international schools in Shekou, 300 in private schools in

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After the 1992 normalization of diplomatic relations between the PRC and South Korea, many citizens of South Korea started to settle in

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and even took measures to persuade Korean farmers to stay in China to prevent possible declines in rice production in Northeast China.

1106: 7973: 4548: 4273: 7845: 6860: 6279: 3970: 3256: 3229: 1406: 1201: 702:, hunt animals, or cultivate agricultural products in the prohibited area. In 1740, the Qing government extended the ban to the whole 7953: 7724: 7616: 4973: 4755: 3934: 3195: 3161: 3123: 3086: 2598: 2521: 735: 650: 373: Koreans in China) is considered the most appropriate descriptor for Koreans in China without taking nationality into account. 226: 4454: 3910: 4519: 7922: 7782: 7591: 7441: 7416: 6525: 6253: 1776: 898: 800: 776: 768: 4650: 4034: 1699:. There have been reportedly 130 North Korean state-run restaurants in 12 countries, with most in China. Two have been found in 885: 792: 7802: 7168: 7143: 5101: 767:

during the modern era was related to rice cultivation by Korean emigrants. Korean emigrants attempted to cultivate rice in the

4576: 4520:"到了中国就不想回国在华韩国人激增 (After arriving in China, they don't want to go home; number of South Koreans in China increasing sharply)" 1809: 913:. In September 1930, realizing that Korean emigrants had little trust in Chinese governments, the Chairman of Jinlin Province 7855: 7792: 7767: 7653: 7406: 6344: 5137: 5124: 4401: 2626: 2343: 2201: 2139: 1666: 1162: 1096: 1073: 978: 909:

citizens of China. But most Korean emigrants considered such policies as Chinese authority's attempt to assimilate them into

658: 478: 428:. Thus, the overwhelming majority of today's ethnic Korean population in China are descendants of Korean arrivals since late 1669:, which North Korean authorities have recently become more reluctant to issue. Major North Korean universities, such as the 4856: 4077: 1531:

The Korean language has been promoted in Yanbian partly by the government through a large network of schools, local Korean

7978: 7840: 7777: 7706: 7624: 7556: 7531: 7428: 7192: 7033: 7003: 6580: 6272: 4601: 1779:; they used funds they had saved up for retirement to open small restaurants or shops. The low cost of living compared to 1451: 156: 144: 3516: 1635:, although two academics have argued that many cases are more voluntary than forced. Most of the refugees originate from 1492: 7863: 7586: 7376: 7068: 6794: 6686: 6544: 6520: 6510: 6356: 6156: 4875: 3819: 2546: 2536: 1824: 1440: 1255:

also organized the "Yanji Jet" donation campaign. Donations from Koreans in Yanbian reached the equivalent value of 6.5

1173: 1166: 948: 853: 4616: 4162:""I am well-cooked food": survival strategies of North Korean female border-crossers and possibilities for empowerment" 3673:

Qingxia, Dai; Yan, Dong (March 2001). "The Historical Evolution of Bilingual Education for China's Ethnic Minorities".

7754: 7551: 7501: 4907: 4166: 2481:), head representative of the North Korean government-run company, Taep'oong International Investment Group of Korea ( 2169: 2152: 1653:

paper, many North Korean refugees met locals who gave aid to them and did not judge them for their communist origins.

1360: 865:, Korean migration to China reached a peak. In 1920, the total number of Koreans in Northeast China exceeded 457,400. 152: 140: 2330: 1462: 1430: 1177: 1149: 795:

issued a decree aimed to encourage land development in Northeastern China. In the same year, the water bureau of the

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economic downturn in 2008 and the depreciation of the Korean won, large numbers of those returned to South Korea. A

7927: 7917: 7825: 7820: 7161: 7018: 6845: 4772:"Heroes Brought Buddhism to the East of the Sea: A Fully Annotated Translation of the Preface of Haedong Kosng Chn" 2077:; 960–962), Korean Buddhist monk who arrived in China, who wrote the Tiantai Sijiaoyi (天台四教儀) which became a basic 1849: 1632: 1298:

were also prosecuted. The number of Yanbian University's faculty and staff decreased to 23.7% of that in 1966. The

1240: 218: 2613:'s rule and then exiled. Their descendants later moved to their current location. The ancestors of the Koreans in 632: 7696: 7581: 7471: 6926: 3033: 873: 713:

meanwhile seized the opportunity to encroach on this region. In 1860, the Qing government was forced to sign the

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or other ethnicities and lost their ethnic identities. But about 2000 descendants from these captured Koreans in

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North Korean defectors often pass through China. Some of them settle there while others continue to South Korea.

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has been more prolific in exporting its entertainment culture, more Korean Chinese broadcasters have been using

1220:. The total population of Koreans in China was 1.1 million, 47.6% of them living in Yanbian. In September 1949, 7436: 7096: 6681: 6654: 6573: 6339: 6218: 1818: 7546: 4675: 4672:"Major Figures on Residents from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and Foreigners Covered by 2010 Population Census" 4745: 4343: 1643:

states that 86% of refugees seek passage to South Korea rather than remain in China, but this is disputed by

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alleged between 30,000 and 50,000 refugees, of which 75 percent are women. A large number of them experience

7634: 6980: 6617: 6314: 6081: 5436: 2771: 2506: 1636: 1484: 1137: 1105:) in Northeast China. Most of its members were ethnic Koreans in China. Li later became a Key member of The 1088: 775:

region was successful in 1861. In 1875, Korean farmers also succeeded in cultivating rice in the wetland of

261: 6883: 4318: 4252: 7893: 7787: 7639: 7536: 7481: 7127: 7122: 6069: 5797: 5507: 5215: 5145: 4819: 2516: 2466: 1670: 1590: 1488: 1473: 1425: 1417: 1260: 1065: 1053: 966: 6905: 6820: 5809: 4771: 3947: 730:

rivers during those turbulent times. In 1879, there were 8722 Korean households living in 28 villages in

508: 441: 7734: 7596: 7541: 7286: 7063: 7058: 6840: 6556: 6505: 6411: 6404: 5186: 4275:

BORDERS OF BELONGING: NATIONALISM, NORTH KOREAN DEFECTORS, AND THE SPIRITUAL PROJECT FOR A UNIFIED KOREA

2602: 1857: 1608: 1594: 1504: 6936: 6815: 1611:, estimated in the tens of thousands. Some North Korean refugees who are unable to obtain transport to 557:

as a hostage. There were 2,000 Goryeo households accompanying him and settling down in the current-day

4796: 4697: 7830: 7716: 7686: 7649: 7566: 6985: 6910: 6850: 6830: 6825: 6772: 6739: 6709: 6666: 6515: 6435: 6424: 6295: 6248: 6223: 5521: 3853: 3632: 2541: 2016: 1830: 1784: 1768: 1394: 1077: 714: 87: 4946: 1739:. The South Korean government officially recognizes seven Korean international schools in China (in 1599: 1543:

as their mother tongue. Many Chinese of Korean descent have ancestral roots and family ties in the

7476: 6893: 6855: 6835: 6789: 6777: 6724: 6368: 6190: 2699: 2443: 2320: 1865: 1620: 1548: 1287: 952: 937: 841: 5039:

Seol, Dong-Hoon; Skrentny, John D. (2009), "Ethnic return migration and hierarchical nationhood",

2726:"China's ethnic minority and neoliberal developmental citizenship: Yanbian Koreans in perspective" 2405: 2144: 1092: 995:) and began to migrate Korean farmers to Northeast China in a planned systemic way. In 1945, when 7835: 7629: 7561: 7526: 7491: 7053: 7013: 6968: 6867: 6767: 6448: 6443: 6419: 6319: 6309: 6119: 6089: 6005: 5583: 5515: 5056: 4376: 4297: 4191: 4136: 4054: 2753: 2531: 2148: 1386: 1295: 1291: 1189: 1181: 1153: 1145: 1020: 996: 919: 862: 461: 83: 4716: 3078: 2472: 2233: 2174: 464:

and commercial towns on the Grand canal between the borders of Henan and Shandong and the lower

4990: 4553:, South Korea: National Institute for International Education Development, 2006, archived from 2490: 2370: 1973: 1003:. In 1947, the number of Korean emigrants decreased to 1.4 million, most of them living in the 7691: 7486: 7268: 7023: 7008: 6799: 6734: 6714: 6671: 6604: 6487: 6468: 6334: 6329: 6151: 6112: 6094: 5307: 5154: 4969: 4751: 4595: 4480: 4234: 4226: 4216: 4183: 4050:"(Olympics) S. Koreans up in arms over depiction of hanbok as Chinese during opening ceremony" 3930: 3924: 3753: 3719: 3690: 3577: 3481: 3427: 3300: 3294: 3252: 3225: 3219: 3191: 3157: 3119: 3082: 3037: 2965: 2865: 2745: 2279: 2156: 2092: 1989: 1686: 1678: 1536: 1197: 1185: 1157: 1141: 796: 780: 744: 617: 257: 104: 5021: 3246: 2061: 1920: 7875: 7772: 7676: 7671: 7576: 7506: 7352: 7342: 7325: 7320: 7028: 6975: 6900: 6888: 6784: 6719: 6676: 6649: 6612: 6429: 6363: 6324: 6146: 6099: 6016: 5927: 5694: 5684: 5628: 5617: 5290: 5266: 5174: 5048: 4554: 4175: 3682: 2737: 2432: 2352: 2268:

musician, composer, trumpet player and guitarist; also known as "The Father of Chinese Rock"

2165: 2055: 2051: 1914: 1374: 1323: 1315: 1193: 1118: 739: 290: 4649:] (in Korean), South Korea: Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade, 2009, archived from 4210: 3982: 2078: 7371: 7357: 7298: 6931: 6729: 6661: 6596: 6480: 6461: 6398: 6206: 6180: 6141: 6056: 6023: 6010: 5761: 5679: 5320: 5271: 5169: 4826: 4141: 2878: 2610: 2586: 1853: 1628: 1540: 1378: 1319: 1299: 1280: 1252: 1126: 1057: 1041: 1028: 974: 933: 905: 857: 764: 703: 682: 613: 540: 512: 473: 377: 350: 326: 302: 180: 100: 7869: 3792:"The Legislation in Autonomous Areas of China: Progress, Limitations and Recommendations" 3773: 524: 252:

The total population of ethnic Korean Chinese is 1,702,479 according to the 2021 Chinese

4253:"[Interview] Shattering the myth that all N. Koreans want to defect to S. Korea" 4121:] (in Korean). Seoul: Database Center for North Korean Human Rights. pp. 20–27. 3906: 1412:

There are also many South Korean international day schools in Mainland China, including

1180:, more than 100,000 joined local military forces and hundreds of thousands participated 7886: 7606: 7511: 7381: 7227: 7215: 6453: 6228: 6211: 6037: 5995: 5982: 5876: 5841: 5836: 5779: 5719: 5664: 5482: 5476: 5466: 5377: 5356: 5205: 5200: 4721: 4527: 4397: 4004: 3974: 3071: 2606: 2582: 2238: 2206: 2179: 2135: 2047: 1880: 1793: 1720: 1658: 1624: 1344: 1337: 1217: 1061: 945: 923: 914: 877: 829: 808: 710: 242: 168: 7947: 7521: 7464: 7401: 7332: 7303: 5964: 5950: 5916: 5888: 5870: 5824: 5818: 5756: 5744: 5634: 5407: 5400: 5394: 5371: 5235: 5224: 5060: 4257: 4195: 4132: 4078:"The South Korean Citizenship of North Korean Escapees in Law and Practice (page 18)" 4026: 4022: 2757: 2622: 2161: 2098: 1650: 1645: 1559: 1069: 949:

replaced the Beiyang government flag in Northeast China with Republic of China's flag

699: 646: 642: 554: 486: 465: 421: 167:. For this reason, ethnic Koreans with Chinese nationality or citizenship are termed 3187:

A Concise History of Korea: From the Neolithic Period Through the Nineteenth Century

1801:

reported 120,750 South Koreans in Mainland China, the largest single foreign group.

1306:, texts in Korean were burned, and bilingual education was suppressed. According to 285:

Koreans in China are the second largest ethnic Korean population living outside the

7454: 7386: 7366: 6633: 6628: 6532: 6185: 6161: 6125: 6104: 6030: 6000: 5990: 5957: 5942: 5882: 5856: 5771: 5592: 5557: 5545: 5445: 5421: 5414: 5365: 5345: 5331: 5315: 3978: 3877:"Makings of a Modern 'Model Minority': Ethnic Koreans in Northeast China (page 20)" 3711: 2892: 2449: 2265: 2216: 2120: 2111: 2102: 2038: 2029: 2020: 2011: 1997: 1943: 1910: 1692: 1520: 1370: 1307: 1256: 1251:

are two of the most notable Korean figures who participated in the war. Koreans in

1049: 1000: 982: 890: 833: 821: 760: 565: 516: 500: 453: 429: 234: 124: 75: 2821: 2741: 1848:

As of 2007 there were about 20,000 people of Korean origins in Shenzhen, with the

4986:中国少数民族人口问题研究 (Research on the topic of Chinese minority ethnic group populations) 4179: 4049: 3113: 1946:, Korean Ch'an master who introduced the first streams of Ch'an Buddhism to Tibet 1573:

In public appearances, ethnic Koreans in China are represented by the wearing of

1507:(OCT) Primary School as the Korean weekend school's classroom. There is also the 1084:. Local Korean residents provided vital supports for the Korean Liberation Army. 7449: 7337: 7281: 7276: 7244: 7239: 6963: 6473: 5971: 5910: 5898: 5893: 5863: 5734: 5599: 5551: 5471: 5461: 5456: 5338: 5277: 5260: 5248: 5241: 5230: 5180: 2725: 2437: 2361: 2311: 2296: 2043: 1979: 1906: 1902: 1612: 1563: 1555: 1532: 1402: 910: 817: 723: 718: 690: 449: 417: 4161: 1087:

In the 1930s, many Koreans in China joined the Anti-Japanese forces led by the

460:, Korean trading quarters involved in trade with China existed in the coast of 17: 7899: 7496: 7459: 7293: 6373: 6173: 5904: 5849: 5830: 5785: 5704: 5689: 5606: 5572: 5565: 5489: 5194: 5163: 4238: 3686: 3532: 2462: 2386: 2365: 2326: 2302: 2271: 2210: 2197: 2084: 2007: 1884: 1767:, respectively), all founded between 1997 and 2003. Most of the population of 1640: 1616: 1248: 1244: 1236: 1122: 1008: 881: 837: 727: 686: 253: 55: 5052: 4989:, National Population and Family Planning Commission of China, archived from 4879: 4187: 3694: 3296:

China Among Equals: The Middle Kingdom and Its Neighbors, 10th–14th Centuries

2796: 2749: 2410: 2066: 1925: 7815: 7396: 7259: 7205: 7184: 7117: 7091: 5496: 5296: 5284: 4916: 3640: 2682: 2428: 2339: 2315: 2107: 2034: 1993: 1949: 1329:

In September 1994, Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture was selected by the

1303: 1221: 986: 869: 788:

canals built exceeded 1.3 kilometer, irrigating 33 hectare of paddy fields.

6383: 1347:

and have good relations with both the Chinese government and Han majority.

5007:"China-Korea Relations: Post-Olympic Hangover: New Backdrop for Relations" 4426:"North Korean restaurants on foreign soil: the other girls of Kim Jong-un" 1577:, which caused discontent from South Korean ultra-nationalists during the 7739: 7234: 5699: 5639: 5612: 5093: 4945:, Institute for International Economics, pp. 101–131, archived from 3616:

International Ethnic Networks and Intra-Ethnic Conflict: Koreans in China

2494: 2290: 2284: 2261: 2116: 2025: 2001: 1983: 1965: 1748: 1728: 1704: 1544: 1398: 1037: 1033: 662: 624: 587: 583: 558: 536: 532: 528: 445: 246: 238: 116: 79: 4909:

The North Korean Refugee Crisis: Human Rights and International Response

961:). In April, the leader of Korean Fellow Association Cui Dongwu went to 7880: 7391: 7347: 7310: 6264: 6049: 5751: 5739: 5729: 5709: 5669: 5659: 5654: 5649: 4674:. National Bureau of Statistics of China. 29 April 2011. Archived from 4459: 4455:"North Korean restaurant in Beijing remains open, despite UN sanctions" 2618: 2614: 2255: 2249: 1937: 1760: 1752: 1744: 1740: 1736: 1724: 1708: 1700: 1382: 1294:, local nationalists or counterrevolutionists. Many faculty members of 1275:

and Zhu Dehai was appointed as the first Chairman. On 29 May 1958, the

1225: 1024: 962: 772: 731: 678: 654: 628: 579: 425: 136: 4027:"China's Korean Autonomous Prefecture and China-Korea Border Politics" 7249: 6043: 5936: 5714: 5674: 5644: 5622: 5527: 5254: 4119:

Status of North Korean Defector Deportation and Human Rights in China

2399: 2088: 1969: 1861: 1764: 1756: 1732: 1723:; large new communities of South Koreans have subsequently formed in 1574: 1340: 1081: 989:. On 14 September 1936, the Japanese set up a special organization ( 894: 813: 804: 694: 520: 490: 214: 2305:, member of the 9th NPC Standing Committee, Deputy Commander of the 217:

ethnic group'). They are the 13th largest officially-recognized

3503:

Ethnic Koreans in China: Getting into the 21st Century (in Chinese)

3321: 1840:

As of 2008 there are more than 148,000 Koreans living in Shandong.

7222: 7210: 7200: 6565: 6063: 5791: 5766: 5724: 5451: 5325: 4230: 2630: 2390: 1808: 1799:

Sixth National Population Census of the People's Republic of China

1780: 1598: 1390: 1359: 1261:

enormous destruction caused by the American Bombing of North Korea

1224:, the chairman and local specialist of Chinese Communist Party in 616:

to enjoy such favorable policies. However, as the rising power of

609: 457: 413: 409: 387: 360: 336: 312: 286: 230: 190: 164: 71: 4476:"North Korean Lunch with a Side of Propaganda at Pyongyang Resto" 771:

valley as early as 1848. The experiment by Korean farmers in the

4915:, U.S. Committee for Human Rights in North Korea, archived from 2724:

Woo, Park; Easthope, Robert; Kyung-Sup, Chang (2 October 2020).

1216:

in 1949, Koreans in China became one of the official members of

872:

land surveys and rice production promotion plans carried out by

7157: 6569: 6268: 5097: 4818:

Ahn (안), Yong-hyeon (용현); Lee Yong-su (이용수) (27 January 2010).

4617:"South Koreans Quit China as Yuan's Gain Raises Cost of Living" 4087:– via City University of London Institutional Repository. 3600:. Research Center for Peace and Unification. 1989. p. 509. 1045:

of people participated in these demonstrations exceed 100,000.

876:

forced thousands of disadvantaged Korean farmers to lose their

139:

with Chinese nationality and non-Chinese nationalities such as

4430: 2394: 7153: 5088: 4402:"China hires tens of thousands of North Korea guest workers" 3846:. Official website of Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture ( 1290:, many Korean cadres including Zhu Dehai were prosecuted as 1060:, killing more than 100 Japanese soldiers. This led to the " 4876:"No-one understood our idea, but now it's worth over $ 1bn" 3820:"Too Different to Be Chinese, Not Good Enough to Be Korean" 3118:. John Wiley & Sons Canada, Limited. pp. 276–283. 2465:, one of the first female pilots in China (Originally from 5083: 3929:, edited by Edward Lawrence Davis. Routledge, p. 309-310. 3657:

itself was the North Korean word for Korea, as opposed to

665:

have still kept their Korean identity In 1982, during the

4936:"The Economic Status and Role of Ethnic Koreans in China" 3248:

A Concise History of Korea: From Antiquity to the Present

3221:

The Sea and Civilization: A Maritime History of the World

2617:

Liaoning Province were forced to become farm laborers on

840:, breaking the world record of growing rice north of the 325: compatriots residing abroad) and "jungguk dongpo" ( 264:, maintaining their Chinese nationality. They are called 3100:

Korea held a dominant position in the northeastern seas.

2457:

Expatriates of other nationalities and their descendants

1184:

supports. Soldiers in the 164th, 166th and 156th of the

799:

began to recruit Korean emigrants to use the water from

553:), a member of the Goryeo royal family, was sent to the 4497:"Mystery North Korean border cafe serves American fare" 590:. In 1386, the Ming government set up the Dongningwei ( 349: compatriots in China). The term "Jaejung Hanin" ( 233:

province. Significant populations can also be found in

5069:

Ethnic Koreans in China: Getting into the 21st Century

4215:. Internet Archive. New York: Ecco. pp. 178–181. 4113:[Status of North Korean Defectors in China]. 3718:. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. pp. 114–115. 2850: 1048:

In June 1920, the Korean independence fighters led by

2633:'s farm labors after capture by Jurchens during wars. 2364:, soloist and former member of South Korean Boy Band 1968:

monk who went to China; his works heavily influenced

1681:

and other top-ranked Chinese universities each year.

3474:. Urumqi: Xinjiang Fine Arts and Photography Press ( 3251:(2 ed.). Rowman & Littlefield. p. 70. 2278:

and Director of the Constitutional Law Institute of

1813:

Korean autonomous prefectures and counties in China.

1364:

Yanbian University College of Science and Technology

1239:

in 1950, young Koreans in China actively joined the

1032:

Longjing, chanting anti-Japanese slogans and waving

7908: 7854: 7801: 7753: 7715: 7648: 7615: 7427: 7267: 7191: 7105: 7084: 7077: 7046: 6996: 6956: 6949: 6919: 6876: 6808: 6755: 6748: 6702: 6642: 6603: 6498: 6391: 6302: 6199: 6134: 6080: 5981: 5926: 5808: 5582: 5536: 5506: 5435: 5387: 5355: 5306: 5214: 5153: 5144: 4109:Yoon, Yeosang; Park, Sungchul; Im, Sunhee (2013). 586:accounted for 30% of the total local population in 110: 94: 65: 53: 45: 40: 6555:For immigrants and expatriates in Hong Kong, see: 4212:The Impossible State: North Korea, Past and Future 3322:"The Semu ren in the Yuan Empire - who were they?" 3070: 2335:Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference 1230:Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference 3923:Mackerras, Colin (2005). "Culture of Koreans" in 3618:. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 42, 47–48, 50, 58. 3299:. University of California Press. pp. 247–. 2323:, Chinese–American comedian and chemical engineer 1551:of Korean according to North Korean conventions. 1176:, 63,000 Koreans from Northeast China joined the 1113:Resumption of Chinese Civil War (1946–1949) 564:The Korean population in China surged during the 7667:Comprehensive Economic Partnership for East Asia 4005:"吉林延边自治州朝鲜族基督教主日仪式的音乐文化分析-《北方音乐》2010年第07期-吾喜杂志网" 2629:in Liaoning Province became Nurhaci's first son 1273:first Constitution of People's Republic of China 7811:Association of East Asian Research Universities 2357:Military Anthem of the People's Liberation Army 1331:State Council of the People's Republic of China 1277:State Council of the People's Republic of China 1131:Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea 456:forces. During the 8th and 9th centuries since 4514: 4512: 4510: 4344:"More N.Koreans Apply for Chinese Citizenship" 3965: 3963: 3961: 3959: 3957: 2694: 2692: 2690: 2050:, his work was revered and heavily influenced 1623:estimated 10,000 refugees in the country, the 1148:, and contributed to the establishment of the 1125:forces took over the Northeast China from the 1052:engaged the first armed force combat with the 755:Development of paddy fields in Northeast China 543:after his surrender to the Mongols during the 7763:China–Japan–Korea Friendship Athletic Meeting 7169: 6581: 6280: 5109: 4966:China's cosmopolitan empire: The Tang dynasty 4840:.... 조선족 사업가인 박철수를 임명했다. (.... appointed the 4583:, archived from the original on 10 April 2006 3847: 3747: 3571: 3561: 3555: 3524: 3475: 3465: 3421: 3411: 3023: 3017: 2959: 2949: 2072: 1931: 1188:are mostly Koreans. They participated in the 1100: 990: 956: 927: 812:how to grow rice. In 1917, Korean farmers in 636: 603: 597: 591: 573: 548: 494: 8: 7969:Ethnic groups officially recognized by China 5084:Koreans in China Online Community – Moyiza! 3926:Encyclopedia of Contemporary Chinese Culture 3627: 3625: 2572: 2566: 2482: 2476: 2422: 2416: 2380: 2374: 2191: 2185: 1959: 1953: 1405:national key university and a member of the 1393:city is a comprehensive university offering 1152:and the base of the Chinese Red Army in the 997:Japan surrendered at the end of World War II 391: 381: 364: 354: 340: 330: 316: 306: 269: 194: 184: 35: 5071:(in Chinese), Yanbian University Press 2002 4747:Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Index 4577:"South Koreans find the good life in China" 4319:"Why have North Korean defections dropped?" 3885:University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 2609:after their participation in a coup during 2578: 2213:, known as "The Father of Chinese Oncology" 1200:, then continued to fight as far as in the 527:and his followers moved to the current-day 397: 370: 346: 322: 7176: 7162: 7154: 7081: 6953: 6752: 6588: 6574: 6566: 6287: 6273: 6265: 5150: 5116: 5102: 5094: 4711: 4709: 4707: 4302:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 3570:. Kunming, Yunnan: Yunnan People's Press ( 2299:, film director, screenwriter and novelist 1214:founding of the People's Republic of China 444:CE 645 – 668, over 200,000 prisoners from 34: 7662:China–Japan–South Korea trilateral summit 3875:Amanda Conklin, Michael Tsin (May 2012). 2943: 2941: 2939: 2937: 2935: 2933: 2683:http://www.cnstats.org/tjnj/2022/3225.htm 2625:'s farm. The ancestors of the Koreans in 1771:consists of South Korea migrant workers. 1665:; this requires a certificate of loss of 667:third national population census of China 256:census. High levels of emigration to the 4943:The Korean Diaspora in the World Economy 4717:"South Koreans find new home in Donghai" 4550:Overseas Korean Educational Institutions 3805:Guanghua Law School, Zhejiang University 3190:. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 65. 2931: 2929: 2927: 2925: 2923: 2921: 2919: 2917: 2915: 2913: 2601:, Hebei province were drafted into the " 1677:, send a few dozen exchange students to 1509:Korean International School of Hong Kong 1283:as "Changbai Korean Autonomous County". 1263:around 1.5 million Koreans were killed. 408:Due to the geographic proximity between 4968:. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. 4097: 3459: 3457: 3455: 3453: 3451: 3449: 3447: 3445: 3443: 3405: 3403: 3401: 3399: 3397: 3395: 3393: 3391: 3389: 3387: 3385: 3383: 3381: 3379: 3377: 3375: 3373: 3371: 3369: 3367: 3365: 3363: 3337:, volume 1. Quote: "华人十七，高丽土著，归附女直野人十三" 3011: 3009: 3007: 3005: 3003: 3001: 2651: 2558: 2512:General Association of Koreans in China 1675:Pyongyang University of Foreign Studies 1422:Korean International School in Shenzhen 1007:, only less than 100,000 living in the 848:During the Japanese Occupation of Korea 791:On 3 March 1914, the newly established 199:), and their official name in China is 7682:East Asian Bureau of Economic Research 4647:Current Status of Overseas Compatriots 4593: 4295: 3609: 3607: 3361: 3359: 3357: 3355: 3353: 3351: 3349: 3347: 3345: 3343: 3077:. Cambridge University Press. p. 2999: 2997: 2995: 2993: 2991: 2989: 2987: 2985: 2983: 2981: 2874: 2863: 2245:National Bureau of Statistics of China 1437:Korean International School in Yanbian 1414:Korean International School in Beijing 1401:degrees. The university is one of the 1228:attended the first plenary session of 856:in 1910, thousands of Koreans fled to 448:were relocated to the Chinese capital 4272:Sarah Eunkyung Chee (December 2015). 4037:from the original on 6 February 2021. 4031:The Asia-Pacific Journal: Japan Focus 3785: 3783: 3271: 3156:(2nd ed.). ABC-CLIO. p. 3. 3056: 2797:"中国统计年鉴2021(光盘版+PDF版) 免费下载 – 中国统计信息网" 2440:, physician, delegate of the 13th NPC 2393:), rapper based in South Korea under 2348:People's Liberation Army Rocket Force 2333:general, former vice chairman of the 2276:Renmin University of China Law School 1579:2022 Winter Olympics opening ceremony 376:Additionally, the term "joseon-jok" ( 7: 6540:Under-occupied developments in China 3971:"ShenZhen, Koreans' second hometown" 3112:Reischauer, Edwin Oldfather (1955). 2527:Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture 1697:Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture 1547:region of North Korea and speak the 1452:Shenyang Korean International School 1163:Japanese invasion of Northeast China 1023:in Korea, around 300,000 Koreans in 749:Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture 245:, with a sizable expat community in 66:Regions with significant populations 6244:Unrecognized ethnic groups in China 4698:"Koreans live good life in Qingdao" 4283:University of California Santa Cruz 4085:KLRI Journal of Law and Legislation 3981:. 28 September 2007. Archived from 3913:from the original on 24 April 2019. 3830:from the original on 10 April 2021. 3645:Until about the mid-1980s, China's 2446:, athlete, delegate of the 14th NPC 2293:, dancer, choreographer and actress 1493:Tianjin Korean International School 1279:approved the decision to designate 1136:In contrast to the Kuomintang, the 1107:Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army 1019:On 13 March 1919 shortly after the 807:. In 1916, the local government of 6964:Commonwealth of Independent States 4906:Haggard, Stephen (December 2006), 4375:, 25 November 2005, archived from 4292:from the original on 25 June 2021. 4160:Kim, Sung Kyung (2 October 2014). 4149:from the original on 8 April 2023. 2307:People's Liberation Army Air Force 1783:, especially the cheap tuition at 1441:Dalian Korean International School 1407:Double First Class University Plan 1080:against Imperial Japanese Army in 221:. Most of Korean Chinese live in 25: 7146:off the northwest coast of Africa 4744:Craig, Edward (19 October 1998). 4615:Kim, Kyoungwha (9 January 2009), 3852:). 24 August 2015. Archived from 3531:. 22 October 2012. Archived from 3073:A History of Chinese Civilization 2599:Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County 2565:Commonly called by South Koreans 2522:Harbin No. 2 Korean Middle School 2138:, aerospace scientist, Fellow of 1570:) has influenced fashion styles. 1027:rallied on the Ruidian meadow in 651:Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County 7959:Chinese people of Korean descent 7846:Ludwigshafen East Asia Institute 7258: 6632: 6627: 6382: 6249:Immigrant ethnic groups in China 4495:DAISUKE HARASHIMA (March 2019). 4474:Sophie Steiner (February 2021). 3818:Eddie Park (20 September 2018). 2597:The ancestors of the Koreans in 2243:, Former Deputy Director of the 1095:established one of the earliest 1005:communist party controlled areas 243:Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 4795:. 9 August 2010. Archived from 4453:Chad O'Carroll (26 June 2020). 3675:Chinese Education & Society 3505:, Yanbian University Press 2002 1463:Qingdao Chungwoon Korean School 1343:, the Chaoxianzu are seen as a 965:and hold negotiations with the 608:). Many Koreans moved from the 7793:EAFF E-1 Football Championship 7768:East Asian Football Federation 4526:, 1 April 2006, archived from 4137:"(545) North Korean defectors" 3848: 3800:University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa 3748: 3572: 3556: 3525: 3476: 3466: 3422: 3412: 3024: 3018: 2960: 2950: 2573: 2567: 2423: 2417: 2381: 2375: 2346:, the first female general of 2344:Chinese Academy of Engineering 2202:Chinese Academy of Engineering 2192: 2186: 2140:Chinese Academy of Engineering 1960: 1954: 1150:Chinese Communist Party's army 1101: 1097:Anti-Japanese Volunteer Armies 1091:. In June 1932, Korean leader 991: 957: 928: 637: 604: 598: 592: 574: 549: 495: 493:county, in Zhongjing Circuit ( 482: 392: 382: 365: 355: 341: 331: 317: 307: 279: 270: 219:ethnic minority group in China 209: 204: 195: 185: 160: 148: 1: 7841:Journal of East Asian Studies 7778:East Asian Judo Championships 7625:East Asia Climate Partnership 7144:autonomous community of Spain 4874:Lee, Dave (4 November 2019). 3150:Kim, Djun Kil (30 May 2014). 2742:10.1080/13621025.2020.1812957 1936:), the 16th patriarch of the 981:by force, then established a 803:to develop paddy fields near 783:. The cultivation of rice in 7864:Horses in East Asian warfare 7407:other ethnic groups in China 6521:History of the Jews in China 5067:Pan, Longhai; Huang, Youfu, 4983:Zhang, Tianlu (March 2004), 4575:Kim, Hyejin (8 April 2006), 4317:Andrei Lankov (7 May 2015). 4180:10.1080/14649373.2014.972663 3776:. 延边朝鲜族自治州地方志. 15 July 2016. 3501:Pan, Longhai; Huang, Youfu, 3115:Ennins Travels in Tang China 2822:"中 조선족 170만 명…14억 인구의 0.12%" 2547:Pyongyang (restaurant chain) 2537:Korean community of Shanghai 1825:Korean community of Shanghai 1607:China has a large number of 1335:University of North Carolina 1076:and Hong Beom-do fought the 924:Japanese massacre of Koreans 854:Japanese Occupation of Korea 631:after 1635) established the 440:After the conclusion of the 7964:Korean expatriates in China 6795:South Korea (North Koreans) 4964:Lewis, Mark Edward (2009). 4167:Inter-Asia Cultural Studies 2431:based in South Korea under 2229:Minister of Foreign Affairs 2170:Chinese Academy of Sciences 2153:Chinese Academy of Sciences 2046:, one of the two pupils of 1982:, a Tang general of Korean 1539:and many also speak fluent 1302:was labeled as part of the 1040:. The crowd was stopped by 7995: 7918:Needham Research Institute 7826:East Asia Image Collection 7821:East Asian Economic Review 7256: 3909:. 人民网. 25 September 2009. 1883:, and 200 enrolled at the 1828: 1822: 1816: 1588: 1523:(with service in Korean). 973:In 1931, Japan staged the 7697:Human rights in East Asia 7582:Sino-Xenic pronunciations 7140: 6624: 6553: 6380: 6239: 5131: 4760:– via Google Books. 4600:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 4048:유, 지호 (5 February 2022). 3907:"俸兰：我国朝鲜族平均受教育程度高于全国平均水平" 3687:10.2753/CED1061-193234027 3598:Korea & World Affairs 3562: 3245:Seth, Michael J. (2016). 3184:Seth, Michael J. (2006). 3034:Minzu University of China 2700:"The Korean Ethnic Group" 2483: 2477: 2252:, Chinese football player 2221:China ambassador to Japan 2073: 1932: 920:national education system 874:Governor-General of Korea 681:sealed the area north of 545:Mongol invasions of Korea 115: 99: 70: 7954:Korean diaspora in China 6511:Immigration to Hong Kong 6219:Local ethnic nationalism 5138:recognized ethnic groups 5053:10.1177/1468796808099901 4844:businessman, Pak Cholsu) 4820: 4789:"谁是"中国第一女飞行家"?秋瑾之女还是李霞卿" 4750:. Taylor & Francis. 4641: 4114: 4110: 3842: 3743: 3716:Maoism: A Global History 3567: 3517: 3471: 3417: 3293:Rossabi, Morris (1983). 3069:Gernet, Jacques (1996). 3029: 2955: 2331:People's Liberation Army 1819:Korean people in Beijing 1667:North Korean nationality 1377:are allowed to teach in 1178:People's Liberation Army 471:According to records of 90:and other Chinese cities 7783:East Asian martial arts 7730:Archaeological cultures 5014:Comparative Connections 4857:"연합뉴스 : 바른언론 빠른뉴스" 4209:Cha, Victor D. (2013). 3649:("Korean nationality", 3218:Paine, Lincoln (2014). 2507:Ethnic Chinese in Korea 2493:, American-born CEO of 1637:North Hamgyong Province 1485:Korean School in Yantai 1241:People's Volunteer Army 1138:Chinese Communist Party 1089:Chinese Communist Party 979:invaded Northeast China 944:acquiescence. In 1928, 824:and Mayi River basins. 262:Korean Chinese in Korea 7910:Science and technology 7894:The Book of Five Rings 7788:East Asian Youth Games 7128:South Korean defectors 7123:North Korean defectors 6981:Russia (North Koreans) 6861:North Korean defectors 6254:Historic ethnic groups 5125:Ethnic groups in China 5005:Snyder, Scott (2008), 4934:Kim, Si-joong (2003), 4369:"朝鲜"海龟"生活揭秘：大多留学北大等名校" 4076:Andrew Wolman (2014). 3335:Chronicles of Liaodong 3224:. Atlantic Books Ltd. 2517:Korean Chinese cuisine 2467:Pyongyang, North Korea 2427:), member of boygroup 1976:and the Sanlun school. 1814: 1671:Kim Il-sung University 1649:. According to a 2015 1604: 1591:North Korean defectors 1489:Shanghai Korean School 1418:Guangzhou Korea School 1365: 1235:After the outbreak of 1202:Hainan Island Campaign 1066:Korean Liberation Army 1054:Imperial Japanese Army 967:Nationalist government 570:Chronicles of Liaodong 7974:China–Korea relations 7193:Countries and regions 6506:Demographics of China 3633:Armstrong, Charles K. 2603:Bordered White Banner 2402:: Chinese footballer. 2151:scientist, Fellow of 2087:(Originally from the 1913:(Originally from the 1858:Overseas Chinese Town 1812: 1785:international schools 1777:1997 financial crisis 1609:North Korean refugees 1602: 1595:North Korean passport 1505:Overseas Chinese Town 1363: 897:using the water from 7979:Immigration to China 7933:Traditional medicine 7831:East Asia Law Review 7687:East Asian Community 7377:Indigenous Taiwanese 6516:Immigration to Macau 6296:Immigration to China 4861:www.yonhapnews.co.kr 4821:조선족 박철수, 北경제 구원투수 되나 4135:(18 November 2010). 3714:(3 September 2019). 3643:. pp. 112–114. 3614:Kim, Hyejin (2010). 3153:The History of Korea 2542:Koreans in Hong Kong 2258:, actor of the 1930s 2155:, Vice President of 2129:Chaoxianzu/Joseonjok 1831:Koreans in Hong Kong 1769:Koreans in Hong Kong 1474:Weihai Korean School 1426:Suzhou Korean School 1167:Land Reform Movement 1078:Battle of Qingshanli 1015:Anti-Japanese fights 715:Convention of Peking 596:) and Guangningwei ( 135:include both ethnic 7358:Khalkha in Mongolia 6545:Illegal immigration 5089:环球阿里郎 Arirang World 5020:(3), archived from 4993:on 17 November 2006 3895:on 8 November 2021. 2851:https://kseach.org/ 2730:Citizenship Studies 1866:Shenzhen University 1288:Cultural Revolution 1271:stipulation of the 1011:-controlled areas. 953:Huanggutun incident 938:Wanpaoshan Incident 842:50th parallel north 759:The development of 163:) people living in 61:1,702,479–1,893,763 37: 7836:East Asian studies 7532:Hip-and-gable roof 7527:Chinese characters 6957:Post-Soviet states 4882:on 6 November 2019 4653:on 23 October 2010 4379:on 14 January 2009 4261:. 4 February 2021. 4115:중국의 탈북자 강제송환과 인권실태 4055:Yonhap News Agency 4009:wuxizazhi.cnki.net 3985:on 11 October 2007 3790:Yang Feng (2017). 2621:'s farm, and then 2532:Koreans in Beijing 2355:, composer of the 2149:physical geography 1897:Historical figures 1864:, the area around 1815: 1684:In June 2012, the 1605: 1387:Yanbian University 1366: 1296:Yanbian University 1292:capitalist roaders 1190:Siege of Changchun 1154:Jinggang Mountains 1146:Guangzhou Uprising 1021:March 1st Movement 868:During 1910–1934, 863:March 1st Movement 462:Shandong Peninsula 84:Shandong peninsula 7941: 7940: 7692:Four Asian Tigers 7151: 7150: 7136: 7135: 7042: 7041: 6945: 6944: 6563: 6562: 6536: 6528: 6491: 6483: 6476: 6465: 6262: 6261: 5431: 5430: 4799:on 9 October 2019 4406:Los Angeles Times 4222:978-0-06-199850-8 4025:(1 August 2007). 3759:978-7-105-08642-9 3725:978-0-525-65605-0 3583:978-7-222-05729-6 3566:), eds. (2008). 3535:on 11 August 2016 3487:978-7-5469-0361-3 3433:978-7-101-06535-0 3306:978-0-520-04562-0 3043:978-7-5660-0096-5 2971:978-7-105-10152-8 2873:Missing or empty 2280:China Law Society 2157:Peking University 2119:, general of the 2110:, general of the 2101:, general of the 2093:Kingdom of Goryeo 2037:, general of the 2028:, general of the 2019:, general of the 2010:, general of the 1687:Los Angeles Times 1679:Peking University 1633:human trafficking 1324:Chinese languages 1266:On 3 March 1952, 1198:Liaoshen Campaign 1186:Fourth Field Army 1174:War of Liberation 1158:Imperial Japanese 1142:Nanchang Uprising 1117:After the end of 886:Republic of China 793:Republic of China 781:Liaoning province 663:Liaoning Province 618:Jianzhou Jurchens 537:Liaoning Province 513:prisoners of wars 509:Goryeo–Khitan War 442:Goguryeo–Tang War 276:Zaihan Chaoxianzu 258:Republic of Korea 130: 129: 117:Mahayana Buddhism 105:Chinese languages 16:(Redirected from 7986: 7876:Miyamoto Musashi 7773:East Asian Games 7745:Former countries 7677:East Asia Summit 7507:Chinese knotting 7262: 7178: 7171: 7164: 7155: 7082: 6954: 6753: 6637: 6636: 6631: 6590: 6583: 6576: 6567: 6557:Hong Kong people 6531: 6523: 6486: 6479: 6471: 6459: 6438: 6414: 6407: 6386: 6289: 6282: 6275: 6266: 6120:Tajiks (Pamiris) 5151: 5118: 5111: 5104: 5095: 5072: 5063: 5035: 5034: 5032: 5026: 5011: 5001: 5000: 4998: 4979: 4960: 4959: 4957: 4952:on 27 March 2009 4951: 4940: 4930: 4929: 4927: 4921: 4914: 4892: 4891: 4889: 4887: 4878:. Archived from 4871: 4865: 4864: 4853: 4847: 4846: 4837: 4835: 4815: 4809: 4808: 4806: 4804: 4785: 4779: 4778: 4776: 4768: 4762: 4761: 4741: 4735: 4734: 4732: 4730: 4713: 4702: 4701: 4694: 4688: 4687: 4685: 4683: 4668: 4662: 4661: 4660: 4658: 4637: 4631: 4630: 4629: 4627: 4612: 4606: 4605: 4599: 4591: 4590: 4588: 4572: 4566: 4565: 4564: 4562: 4557:on 16 April 2007 4545: 4539: 4538: 4537: 4535: 4516: 4505: 4504: 4492: 4486: 4485: 4471: 4465: 4464: 4450: 4444: 4443: 4441: 4439: 4422: 4416: 4415: 4414: 4412: 4394: 4388: 4387: 4386: 4384: 4365: 4359: 4358: 4357: 4355: 4350:, 7 January 2011 4340: 4334: 4333: 4331: 4329: 4314: 4308: 4307: 4301: 4293: 4291: 4280: 4269: 4263: 4262: 4249: 4243: 4242: 4206: 4200: 4199: 4157: 4151: 4150: 4129: 4123: 4122: 4106: 4100: 4095: 4089: 4088: 4082: 4073: 4067: 4066: 4064: 4062: 4045: 4039: 4038: 4019: 4013: 4012: 4001: 3995: 3994: 3992: 3990: 3967: 3952: 3951: 3944: 3938: 3921: 3915: 3914: 3903: 3897: 3896: 3894: 3888:. Archived from 3881: 3872: 3866: 3865: 3863: 3861: 3851: 3850: 3838: 3832: 3831: 3815: 3809: 3808: 3796: 3787: 3778: 3777: 3770: 3764: 3763: 3751: 3750: 3740: 3734: 3733: 3708: 3702: 3701: 3670: 3664: 3663: 3629: 3620: 3619: 3611: 3602: 3601: 3594: 3588: 3587: 3575: 3574: 3565: 3564: 3560:); Piao Baxian ( 3559: 3558: 3551: 3545: 3544: 3542: 3540: 3528: 3527: 3513: 3507: 3506: 3498: 3492: 3491: 3479: 3478: 3469: 3468: 3461: 3438: 3437: 3425: 3424: 3415: 3414: 3407: 3338: 3332: 3326: 3325: 3320:Haw, Stephen G. 3317: 3311: 3310: 3290: 3284: 3281: 3275: 3269: 3263: 3262: 3242: 3236: 3235: 3215: 3209: 3208: 3206: 3204: 3181: 3175: 3174: 3172: 3170: 3147: 3141: 3140: 3134: 3132: 3109: 3103: 3102: 3097: 3095: 3076: 3066: 3060: 3054: 3048: 3047: 3027: 3026: 3021: 3020: 3013: 2976: 2975: 2963: 2962: 2953: 2952: 2945: 2908: 2907: 2905: 2903: 2889: 2883: 2882: 2876: 2871: 2869: 2861: 2859: 2857: 2844: 2838: 2837: 2835: 2833: 2826:n.news.naver.com 2818: 2812: 2811: 2809: 2807: 2793: 2787: 2786: 2784: 2782: 2772:"지표서비스 | e-나라지표" 2768: 2762: 2761: 2721: 2715: 2714: 2713: 2711: 2696: 2685: 2680: 2674: 2670: 2664: 2663: 2656: 2634: 2595: 2589: 2580: 2576: 2575: 2570: 2569: 2563: 2486: 2485: 2480: 2479: 2433:SM Entertainment 2426: 2425: 2420: 2419: 2414: 2384: 2383: 2378: 2377: 2242: 2195: 2194: 2189: 2188: 2183: 2168:, Fellow of the 2166:physical chemist 2076: 2075: 2070: 2056:Chinese Buddhism 2052:Tibetan Buddhism 1963: 1962: 1957: 1956: 1935: 1934: 1929: 1915:Kingdom of Silla 1707:, and others in 1663:Chinese citizens 1562:. The so-called 1549:Hamgyŏng dialect 1537:Mandarin Chinese 1501: 1482: 1471: 1460: 1449: 1434: 1375:higher education 1194:Battle of Siping 1119:Second World War 1104: 1103: 994: 993: 960: 959: 931: 930: 653:Hebei province, 640: 639: 610:Korean Peninsula 607: 606: 601: 600: 595: 594: 577: 576: 552: 551: 498: 497: 484: 414:Korean Peninsula 399: 395: 394: 385: 384: 372: 368: 367: 358: 357: 348: 344: 343: 334: 333: 324: 320: 319: 310: 309: 291:Korean Americans 287:Korean Peninsula 281: 273: 272: 266:Jaehan Joseonjok 211: 206: 198: 197: 188: 187: 162: 150: 133:Koreans in China 41:Total population 38: 36:Koreans in China 21: 7994: 7993: 7989: 7988: 7987: 7985: 7984: 7983: 7944: 7943: 7942: 7937: 7904: 7850: 7797: 7749: 7711: 7707:Stock exchanges 7644: 7611: 7423: 7263: 7254: 7187: 7182: 7152: 7147: 7132: 7101: 7097:Zainichi Korean 7073: 7038: 6992: 6941: 6915: 6872: 6804: 6744: 6698: 6638: 6626: 6622: 6599: 6597:Korean diaspora 6594: 6564: 6559: 6549: 6494: 6434: 6410: 6403: 6387: 6378: 6298: 6293: 6263: 6258: 6235: 6207:Han nationalism 6195: 6142:African Chinese 6130: 6076: 5977: 5922: 5804: 5762:Sichuan Mongols 5578: 5532: 5502: 5427: 5383: 5351: 5302: 5210: 5140: 5127: 5122: 5080: 5075: 5066: 5038: 5030: 5028: 5027:on 28 July 2011 5024: 5009: 5004: 4996: 4994: 4982: 4976: 4963: 4955: 4953: 4949: 4938: 4933: 4925: 4923: 4922:on 3 March 2007 4919: 4912: 4905: 4901: 4896: 4895: 4885: 4883: 4873: 4872: 4868: 4863:. 23 July 2010. 4855: 4854: 4850: 4833: 4831: 4827:The Chosun Ilbo 4822: 4817: 4816: 4812: 4802: 4800: 4787: 4786: 4782: 4774: 4770: 4769: 4765: 4758: 4743: 4742: 4738: 4728: 4726: 4715: 4714: 4705: 4696: 4695: 4691: 4681: 4679: 4670: 4669: 4665: 4656: 4654: 4643: 4639: 4638: 4634: 4625: 4623: 4614: 4613: 4609: 4592: 4586: 4584: 4574: 4573: 4569: 4560: 4558: 4547: 4546: 4542: 4533: 4531: 4518: 4517: 4508: 4494: 4493: 4489: 4473: 4472: 4468: 4452: 4451: 4447: 4437: 4435: 4424: 4423: 4419: 4410: 4408: 4400:(1 July 2012), 4398:Demick, Barbara 4396: 4395: 4391: 4382: 4380: 4367: 4366: 4362: 4353: 4351: 4342: 4341: 4337: 4327: 4325: 4316: 4315: 4311: 4294: 4289: 4285:. p. 101. 4278: 4271: 4270: 4266: 4251: 4250: 4246: 4223: 4208: 4207: 4203: 4159: 4158: 4154: 4142:The Korea Times 4131: 4130: 4126: 4116: 4112: 4108: 4107: 4103: 4096: 4092: 4080: 4075: 4074: 4070: 4060: 4058: 4047: 4046: 4042: 4021: 4020: 4016: 4003: 4002: 3998: 3988: 3986: 3969: 3968: 3955: 3946: 3945: 3941: 3922: 3918: 3905: 3904: 3900: 3892: 3879: 3874: 3873: 3869: 3859: 3857: 3856:on 7 March 2016 3844: 3840: 3839: 3835: 3817: 3816: 3812: 3794: 3789: 3788: 3781: 3772: 3771: 3767: 3760: 3745: 3742: 3741: 3737: 3726: 3710: 3709: 3705: 3672: 3671: 3667: 3631: 3630: 3623: 3613: 3612: 3605: 3596: 3595: 3591: 3584: 3569: 3553: 3552: 3548: 3538: 3536: 3519: 3515: 3514: 3510: 3500: 3499: 3495: 3488: 3473: 3463: 3462: 3441: 3434: 3419: 3409: 3408: 3341: 3333: 3329: 3319: 3318: 3314: 3307: 3292: 3291: 3287: 3282: 3278: 3270: 3266: 3259: 3244: 3243: 3239: 3232: 3217: 3216: 3212: 3202: 3200: 3198: 3183: 3182: 3178: 3168: 3166: 3164: 3149: 3148: 3144: 3130: 3128: 3126: 3111: 3110: 3106: 3093: 3091: 3089: 3068: 3067: 3063: 3055: 3051: 3044: 3031: 3015: 3014: 2979: 2972: 2957: 2947: 2946: 2911: 2901: 2899: 2897:www.neac.gov.cn 2891: 2890: 2886: 2872: 2862: 2855: 2853: 2846: 2845: 2841: 2831: 2829: 2820: 2819: 2815: 2805: 2803: 2801:www.cnstats.org 2795: 2794: 2790: 2780: 2778: 2776:www.index.go.kr 2770: 2769: 2765: 2723: 2722: 2718: 2709: 2707: 2698: 2697: 2688: 2681: 2677: 2671: 2667: 2658: 2657: 2653: 2648: 2643: 2638: 2637: 2611:Shunzhi Emperor 2596: 2592: 2564: 2560: 2555: 2503: 2459: 2408: 2314:, professional 2236: 2177: 2132: 2064: 1964:), 6th century 1923: 1899: 1894: 1846: 1838: 1833: 1827: 1821: 1807: 1717: 1629:forced marriage 1597: 1587: 1554:However, since 1529: 1517: 1495: 1476: 1465: 1454: 1443: 1428: 1379:Korean language 1358: 1353: 1316:China's history 1300:Korean language 1281:Changbai County 1210: 1127:Soviet Red Army 1115: 1058:Wangqing County 1042:Fengtian clique 1017: 975:Mukden Incident 934:Tanaka Memorial 906:Fengtian clique 858:Northeast China 850: 797:Mukden province 765:Northeast China 757: 745:Queue hairstyle 704:Northeast China 683:Baekdu Mountain 675: 614:Northeast China 568:. According to 541:Northeast China 474:History of Liao 438: 406: 299: 103: 33: 28: 23: 22: 18:Korean in China 15: 12: 11: 5: 7992: 7990: 7982: 7981: 7976: 7971: 7966: 7961: 7956: 7946: 7945: 7939: 7938: 7936: 7935: 7930: 7925: 7920: 7914: 7912: 7906: 7905: 7903: 7902: 7897: 7890: 7887:The Art of War 7883: 7878: 7873: 7866: 7860: 7858: 7852: 7851: 7849: 7848: 7843: 7838: 7833: 7828: 7823: 7818: 7813: 7807: 7805: 7799: 7798: 7796: 7795: 7790: 7785: 7780: 7775: 7770: 7765: 7759: 7757: 7751: 7750: 7748: 7747: 7742: 7737: 7732: 7727: 7721: 7719: 7713: 7712: 7710: 7709: 7704: 7699: 7694: 7689: 7684: 7679: 7674: 7669: 7664: 7658: 7656: 7646: 7645: 7643: 7642: 7637: 7632: 7627: 7621: 7619: 7613: 7612: 7610: 7609: 7607:Chinese zodiac 7604: 7599: 7594: 7589: 7584: 7579: 7574: 7569: 7564: 7559: 7554: 7549: 7544: 7539: 7534: 7529: 7524: 7519: 7514: 7512:Chinese dragon 7509: 7504: 7499: 7494: 7489: 7484: 7479: 7474: 7472:Blepharoplasty 7469: 7468: 7467: 7462: 7457: 7452: 7444: 7439: 7433: 7431: 7425: 7424: 7422: 7421: 7420: 7419: 7414: 7404: 7399: 7394: 7389: 7384: 7379: 7374: 7369: 7364: 7363: 7362: 7361: 7360: 7355: 7340: 7335: 7330: 7329: 7328: 7323: 7318: 7308: 7307: 7306: 7296: 7291: 7290: 7289: 7279: 7273: 7271: 7265: 7264: 7257: 7255: 7253: 7252: 7247: 7242: 7237: 7232: 7231: 7230: 7220: 7219: 7218: 7213: 7208: 7197: 7195: 7189: 7188: 7183: 7181: 7180: 7173: 7166: 7158: 7149: 7148: 7141: 7138: 7137: 7134: 7133: 7131: 7130: 7125: 7120: 7115: 7109: 7107: 7103: 7102: 7100: 7099: 7094: 7088: 7086: 7079: 7078:Related topics 7075: 7074: 7072: 7071: 7066: 7061: 7056: 7050: 7048: 7044: 7043: 7040: 7039: 7037: 7036: 7034:United Kingdom 7031: 7026: 7021: 7016: 7011: 7006: 7004:Czech Republic 7000: 6998: 6994: 6993: 6991: 6990: 6989: 6988: 6978: 6973: 6972: 6971: 6960: 6958: 6951: 6947: 6946: 6943: 6942: 6940: 6939: 6934: 6929: 6923: 6921: 6917: 6916: 6914: 6913: 6908: 6903: 6898: 6897: 6896: 6886: 6880: 6878: 6874: 6873: 6871: 6870: 6865: 6864: 6863: 6853: 6848: 6843: 6838: 6833: 6828: 6823: 6818: 6812: 6810: 6809:Southeast Asia 6806: 6805: 6803: 6802: 6797: 6792: 6787: 6782: 6781: 6780: 6775: 6770: 6759: 6757: 6750: 6746: 6745: 6743: 6742: 6737: 6732: 6727: 6722: 6717: 6712: 6706: 6704: 6700: 6699: 6697: 6696: 6695: 6694: 6689: 6684: 6674: 6669: 6664: 6659: 6658: 6657: 6646: 6644: 6640: 6639: 6625: 6623: 6621: 6620: 6615: 6613:Canary Islands 6609: 6607: 6601: 6600: 6595: 6593: 6592: 6585: 6578: 6570: 6561: 6560: 6554: 6551: 6550: 6548: 6547: 6542: 6537: 6529: 6518: 6513: 6508: 6502: 6500: 6496: 6495: 6493: 6492: 6484: 6477: 6466: 6456: 6451: 6446: 6441: 6440: 6439: 6427: 6422: 6417: 6416: 6415: 6408: 6395: 6393: 6392:From elsewhere 6389: 6388: 6381: 6379: 6377: 6376: 6371: 6366: 6361: 6360: 6359: 6349: 6348: 6347: 6337: 6332: 6327: 6322: 6317: 6312: 6306: 6304: 6300: 6299: 6294: 6292: 6291: 6284: 6277: 6269: 6260: 6259: 6257: 6256: 6251: 6246: 6240: 6237: 6236: 6234: 6233: 6232: 6231: 6229:Zhonghua minzu 6221: 6216: 6215: 6214: 6203: 6201: 6197: 6196: 6194: 6193: 6188: 6183: 6178: 6166: 6165: 6164: 6154: 6149: 6144: 6138: 6136: 6132: 6131: 6129: 6128: 6123: 6116: 6109: 6108: 6107: 6097: 6092: 6086: 6084: 6078: 6077: 6075: 6074: 6073: 6072: 6060: 6053: 6046: 6041: 6034: 6027: 6020: 6013: 6008: 6003: 5998: 5993: 5987: 5985: 5979: 5978: 5976: 5975: 5968: 5961: 5954: 5947: 5946: 5945: 5932: 5930: 5924: 5923: 5921: 5920: 5913: 5908: 5901: 5896: 5891: 5886: 5879: 5874: 5867: 5860: 5853: 5846: 5845: 5844: 5839: 5827: 5822: 5814: 5812: 5806: 5805: 5803: 5802: 5801: 5800: 5788: 5783: 5776: 5775: 5774: 5769: 5764: 5759: 5754: 5749: 5748: 5747: 5742: 5737: 5732: 5727: 5722: 5712: 5707: 5702: 5697: 5692: 5687: 5682: 5677: 5672: 5667: 5662: 5657: 5652: 5647: 5642: 5637: 5625: 5620: 5615: 5610: 5603: 5596: 5588: 5586: 5580: 5579: 5577: 5576: 5569: 5562: 5561: 5560: 5548: 5542: 5540: 5534: 5533: 5531: 5530: 5525: 5518: 5512: 5510: 5504: 5503: 5501: 5500: 5493: 5486: 5479: 5474: 5469: 5464: 5459: 5454: 5449: 5441: 5439: 5433: 5432: 5429: 5428: 5426: 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3665: 3621: 3603: 3589: 3582: 3554:Long Donglin ( 3546: 3523:Yanbian News ( 3508: 3493: 3486: 3464:Yuan Linying ( 3439: 3432: 3339: 3327: 3312: 3305: 3285: 3283:辽史第三十九卷志第九地理志三 3276: 3274:, p. 169. 3264: 3258:978-1442235182 3257: 3237: 3231:978-1782393573 3230: 3210: 3196: 3176: 3162: 3142: 3124: 3104: 3087: 3061: 3059:, p. 154. 3049: 3042: 2977: 2970: 2909: 2884: 2839: 2813: 2788: 2763: 2736:(7): 918–933. 2716: 2706:, 21 June 2005 2686: 2675: 2665: 2650: 2649: 2647: 2644: 2642: 2639: 2636: 2635: 2607:Changli County 2590: 2587:Korean descent 2583:Chinese people 2557: 2556: 2554: 2551: 2550: 2549: 2544: 2539: 2534: 2529: 2524: 2519: 2514: 2509: 2502: 2499: 2498: 2497: 2488: 2470: 2458: 2455: 2454: 2453: 2452:, skateboarder 2447: 2441: 2435: 2403: 2397: 2368: 2359: 2350: 2337: 2324: 2318: 2309: 2300: 2294: 2288: 2282: 2269: 2259: 2253: 2247: 2231: 2227:, former Vice 2214: 2207:Hyen-taik Kimm 2204: 2172: 2159: 2142: 2136:Jiang Jingshan 2131: 2125: 2124: 2123: 2114: 2105: 2096: 2082: 2059: 2041: 2032: 2023: 2014: 2005: 1987: 1977: 1947: 1941: 1918: 1898: 1895: 1893: 1892:Notable people 1890: 1881:Luohu District 1845: 1842: 1837: 1834: 1806: 1803: 1794:Bloomberg News 1721:Mainland China 1716: 1713: 1659:naturalization 1625:United Nations 1621:PRC government 1615:instead marry 1586: 1583: 1528: 1525: 1516: 1513: 1357: 1354: 1352: 1349: 1345:model minority 1218:Zhonghua minzu 1209: 1206: 1114: 1111: 1068:forces led by 1062:Gando massacre 1016: 1013: 946:Zhang Xueliang 915:Zhang Zuoxiang 878:land ownership 849: 846: 809:Jilin Province 785:Yanbian region 777:Huanren region 756: 753: 711:Russian Empire 674: 671: 499:), one of the 437: 434: 405: 402: 298: 295: 169:Korean Chinese 128: 127: 113: 112: 108: 107: 97: 96: 92: 91: 68: 67: 63: 62: 59: 51: 50: 47: 43: 42: 31: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7991: 7980: 7977: 7975: 7972: 7970: 7967: 7965: 7962: 7960: 7957: 7955: 7952: 7951: 7949: 7934: 7931: 7929: 7926: 7924: 7921: 7919: 7916: 7915: 7913: 7911: 7907: 7901: 7898: 7896: 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7458: 7456: 7453: 7451: 7448: 7447: 7445: 7443: 7442:Architecture‎ 7440: 7438: 7437:Age reckoning 7435: 7434: 7432: 7430: 7426: 7418: 7415: 7413: 7410: 7409: 7408: 7405: 7403: 7400: 7398: 7395: 7393: 7390: 7388: 7385: 7383: 7380: 7378: 7375: 7373: 7370: 7368: 7365: 7359: 7356: 7354: 7351: 7350: 7349: 7346: 7345: 7344: 7341: 7339: 7336: 7334: 7331: 7327: 7324: 7322: 7319: 7317: 7314: 7313: 7312: 7309: 7305: 7302: 7301: 7300: 7297: 7295: 7292: 7288: 7285: 7284: 7283: 7280: 7278: 7275: 7274: 7272: 7270: 7269:Ethnic groups 7266: 7261: 7251: 7248: 7246: 7243: 7241: 7238: 7236: 7233: 7229: 7226: 7225: 7224: 7221: 7217: 7214: 7212: 7209: 7207: 7204: 7203: 7202: 7199: 7198: 7196: 7194: 7190: 7186: 7179: 7174: 7172: 7167: 7165: 7160: 7159: 7156: 7145: 7139: 7129: 7126: 7124: 7121: 7119: 7116: 7114: 7111: 7110: 7108: 7104: 7098: 7095: 7093: 7090: 7089: 7087: 7083: 7080: 7076: 7070: 7067: 7065: 7062: 7060: 7057: 7055: 7052: 7051: 7049: 7045: 7035: 7032: 7030: 7027: 7025: 7022: 7020: 7017: 7015: 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6071: 6068: 6067: 6066: 6065: 6061: 6059: 6058: 6054: 6052: 6051: 6047: 6045: 6042: 6040: 6039: 6035: 6033: 6032: 6028: 6026: 6025: 6021: 6019: 6018: 6014: 6012: 6009: 6007: 6004: 6002: 5999: 5997: 5994: 5992: 5989: 5988: 5986: 5984: 5980: 5974: 5973: 5969: 5967: 5966: 5962: 5960: 5959: 5955: 5953: 5952: 5948: 5944: 5941: 5940: 5939: 5938: 5934: 5933: 5931: 5929: 5925: 5919: 5918: 5914: 5912: 5909: 5907: 5906: 5902: 5900: 5897: 5895: 5892: 5890: 5887: 5885: 5884: 5880: 5878: 5875: 5873: 5872: 5868: 5866: 5865: 5861: 5859: 5858: 5854: 5852: 5851: 5847: 5843: 5840: 5838: 5835: 5834: 5833: 5832: 5828: 5826: 5823: 5821: 5820: 5816: 5815: 5813: 5811: 5807: 5799: 5796: 5795: 5794: 5793: 5789: 5787: 5784: 5782: 5781: 5777: 5773: 5770: 5768: 5765: 5763: 5760: 5758: 5755: 5753: 5750: 5746: 5745:Upper Mongols 5743: 5741: 5738: 5736: 5733: 5731: 5728: 5726: 5723: 5721: 5718: 5717: 5716: 5713: 5711: 5708: 5706: 5703: 5701: 5698: 5696: 5693: 5691: 5688: 5686: 5683: 5681: 5678: 5676: 5673: 5671: 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3784: 3780: 3775: 3769: 3766: 3761: 3755: 3739: 3736: 3732: 3727: 3721: 3717: 3713: 3712:Lovell, Julia 3707: 3704: 3700: 3696: 3692: 3688: 3684: 3680: 3676: 3669: 3666: 3662: 3660: 3656: 3652: 3648: 3642: 3638: 3634: 3628: 3626: 3622: 3617: 3610: 3608: 3604: 3599: 3593: 3590: 3585: 3579: 3550: 3547: 3534: 3530: 3520: 3512: 3509: 3504: 3497: 3494: 3489: 3483: 3460: 3458: 3456: 3454: 3452: 3450: 3448: 3446: 3444: 3440: 3435: 3429: 3406: 3404: 3402: 3400: 3398: 3396: 3394: 3392: 3390: 3388: 3386: 3384: 3382: 3380: 3378: 3376: 3374: 3372: 3370: 3368: 3366: 3364: 3362: 3360: 3358: 3356: 3354: 3352: 3350: 3348: 3346: 3344: 3340: 3336: 3331: 3328: 3323: 3316: 3313: 3308: 3302: 3298: 3297: 3289: 3286: 3280: 3277: 3273: 3268: 3265: 3260: 3254: 3250: 3249: 3241: 3238: 3233: 3227: 3223: 3222: 3214: 3211: 3199: 3197:9780742540057 3193: 3189: 3188: 3180: 3177: 3165: 3163:9781610695824 3159: 3155: 3154: 3146: 3143: 3139: 3127: 3125:9780471070535 3121: 3117: 3116: 3108: 3105: 3101: 3090: 3088:9780521497817 3084: 3080: 3075: 3074: 3065: 3062: 3058: 3053: 3050: 3045: 3039: 3035: 3022:); Xiao Rui ( 3016:Jin Binggao ( 3012: 3010: 3008: 3006: 3004: 3002: 3000: 2998: 2996: 2994: 2992: 2990: 2988: 2986: 2984: 2982: 2978: 2973: 2967: 2948:Huang Youfu ( 2944: 2942: 2940: 2938: 2936: 2934: 2932: 2930: 2928: 2926: 2924: 2922: 2920: 2918: 2916: 2914: 2910: 2898: 2894: 2888: 2885: 2880: 2867: 2852: 2849: 2843: 2840: 2827: 2823: 2817: 2814: 2802: 2798: 2792: 2789: 2777: 2773: 2767: 2764: 2759: 2755: 2751: 2747: 2743: 2739: 2735: 2731: 2727: 2720: 2717: 2705: 2701: 2695: 2693: 2691: 2687: 2684: 2679: 2676: 2669: 2666: 2661: 2655: 2652: 2645: 2640: 2632: 2628: 2624: 2623:Prince Zhuang 2620: 2616: 2612: 2608: 2604: 2600: 2594: 2591: 2588: 2584: 2562: 2559: 2552: 2548: 2545: 2543: 2540: 2538: 2535: 2533: 2530: 2528: 2525: 2523: 2520: 2518: 2515: 2513: 2510: 2508: 2505: 2504: 2500: 2496: 2492: 2489: 2474: 2471: 2468: 2464: 2461: 2460: 2456: 2451: 2448: 2445: 2442: 2439: 2436: 2434: 2430: 2412: 2407: 2404: 2401: 2398: 2396: 2392: 2388: 2372: 2369: 2367: 2363: 2360: 2358: 2354: 2353:Zheng Lücheng 2351: 2349: 2345: 2341: 2338: 2336: 2332: 2328: 2325: 2322: 2319: 2317: 2313: 2310: 2308: 2304: 2301: 2298: 2295: 2292: 2289: 2286: 2283: 2281: 2277: 2273: 2270: 2267: 2263: 2260: 2257: 2254: 2251: 2248: 2246: 2240: 2235: 2232: 2230: 2226: 2222: 2218: 2215: 2212: 2208: 2205: 2203: 2199: 2181: 2176: 2173: 2171: 2167: 2163: 2162:Jin Hongguang 2160: 2158: 2154: 2150: 2146: 2143: 2141: 2137: 2134: 2133: 2130: 2127:Contemporary 2126: 2122: 2118: 2115: 2113: 2109: 2106: 2104: 2100: 2099:Li Chengliang 2097: 2094: 2090: 2086: 2083: 2080: 2068: 2063: 2060: 2057: 2053: 2049: 2045: 2042: 2040: 2036: 2033: 2031: 2027: 2024: 2022: 2018: 2015: 2013: 2009: 2006: 2003: 1999: 1995: 1992:, Emperor of 1991: 1988: 1985: 1981: 1978: 1975: 1971: 1967: 1951: 1948: 1945: 1942: 1939: 1927: 1922: 1919: 1916: 1912: 1908: 1904: 1901: 1900: 1896: 1891: 1889: 1886: 1882: 1876: 1872: 1869: 1867: 1863: 1859: 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5040: 5029:, retrieved 5022:the original 5017: 5013: 4995:, retrieved 4991:the original 4985: 4965: 4954:, retrieved 4947:the original 4942: 4924:, retrieved 4917:the original 4908: 4884:. Retrieved 4880:the original 4869: 4860: 4851: 4841: 4839: 4832:. Retrieved 4825: 4813: 4801:. Retrieved 4797:the original 4793:China.com.cn 4792: 4783: 4766: 4746: 4739: 4727:. Retrieved 4720: 4692: 4680:. Retrieved 4676:the original 4666: 4655:, retrieved 4651:the original 4646: 4635: 4624:, retrieved 4620: 4610: 4585:, retrieved 4580: 4570: 4559:, retrieved 4555:the original 4549: 4543: 4532:, retrieved 4528:the original 4524:Wenhua Ribao 4523: 4500: 4490: 4479: 4469: 4458: 4448: 4436:. Retrieved 4429: 4420: 4409:, retrieved 4405: 4392: 4381:, retrieved 4377:the original 4372: 4363: 4352:, retrieved 4347: 4338: 4326:. Retrieved 4323:The Guardian 4322: 4312: 4274: 4267: 4256: 4247: 4211: 4204: 4171: 4165: 4155: 4140: 4127: 4118: 4104: 4098:Haggard 2006 4093: 4084: 4071: 4059:. Retrieved 4053: 4043: 4030: 4017: 4008: 3999: 3987:. Retrieved 3983:the original 3979:China.org.cn 3942: 3925: 3919: 3901: 3890:the original 3883: 3870: 3858:. Retrieved 3854:the original 3849:延边朝鲜族自治州政府官网 3836: 3824:KOREA EXPOSÉ 3823: 3813: 3798: 3768: 3744:《延边朝鲜族自治州概况》 3738: 3729: 3715: 3706: 3698: 3678: 3674: 3668: 3658: 3654: 3650: 3646: 3644: 3636: 3615: 3597: 3592: 3549: 3537:. Retrieved 3533:the original 3522: 3511: 3502: 3496: 3410:Sun Chunri ( 3334: 3330: 3315: 3295: 3288: 3279: 3267: 3247: 3240: 3220: 3213: 3201:. Retrieved 3186: 3179: 3167:. Retrieved 3152: 3145: 3136: 3129:. Retrieved 3114: 3107: 3099: 3092:. Retrieved 3072: 3064: 3052: 3030:《中国民族政策与朝鲜族》 2900:. Retrieved 2896: 2887: 2875:|title= 2854:. Retrieved 2847: 2842: 2830:. Retrieved 2825: 2816: 2804:. Retrieved 2800: 2791: 2779:. Retrieved 2775: 2766: 2733: 2729: 2719: 2708:, retrieved 2704:China.org.cn 2703: 2678: 2668: 2654: 2627:Benxi County 2593: 2561: 2450:Zheng Haohao 2406:Huang Renjun 2342:, Fellow of 2266:Chinese rock 2217:Kong Xuanyou 2200:, Fellow of 2145:Piao Shilong 2128: 2121:Ming dynasty 2112:Ming dynasty 2103:Ming dynasty 2039:Tang dynasty 2030:Tang dynasty 2021:Tang dynasty 2012:Tang dynasty 1998:Northern Yan 1944:Kim Ho-shang 1911:Mount Jiuhua 1877: 1873: 1870: 1847: 1839: 1805:Distribution 1792: 1789: 1773: 1718: 1685: 1683: 1655: 1644: 1606: 1572: 1567: 1553: 1530: 1527:Public media 1521:Christianity 1518: 1411: 1371:kindergarten 1367: 1328: 1312: 1308:Julia Lovell 1285: 1265: 1257:jet fighters 1234: 1211: 1171: 1135: 1116: 1093:Li Hongguang 1086: 1050:Hong Beom-do 1047: 1018: 1001:World War II 983:puppet state 972: 951:, after the 942: 903: 891:paddy fields 867: 851: 826: 822:Muling River 790: 761:paddy fields 758: 708: 676: 659:Benxi County 622: 569: 566:Ming dynasty 563: 525:Hong Pok-wŏn 517:Yuan dynasty 472: 470: 439: 430:Qing Dynasty 407: 375: 300: 284: 275: 265: 251: 235:Heilongjiang 208: 200: 176: 172: 153:North Korean 141:South Korean 132: 131: 125:Christianity 120: 76:Heilongjiang 54: 32:Ethnic group 29: 27:Ethnic group 7725:Archaeology 7617:Environment 7482:Calligraphy 7326:in Sakhalin 7282:Han Chinese 7245:South Korea 7240:North Korea 7064:New Zealand 7019:Netherlands 6846:Philippines 6474:Albazinians 6458:Portuguese 6425:Australians 6006:Fuyu Kyrgyz 5041:Ethnicities 4830:(in Korean) 4501:Nikkei Asia 4434:. June 2016 4383:22 February 4373:Xinhua News 4348:Chosun Ilbo 3746:. Beijing: 3681:(2): 7–53. 3637:The Koreans 3518:"三一三"反日运动遗址 3470:) (2009). 3420:. Beijing: 3416:) (2011). 3032:. Beijing: 3028:) (2011). 2958:. Beijing: 2954:) (2009). 2828:(in Korean) 2781:23 February 2438:Jin Jingzhe 2409: [ 2362:Jin Longguo 2312:Piao Wenyao 2237: [ 2178: [ 2065: [ 2048:Hsüan-tsang 1980:Gao Xianzhi 1924: [ 1907:Ksitigarbha 1903:Kim Gyo-gak 1703:, three in 1613:South Korea 1564:Korean Wave 1556:South Korea 1533:periodicals 1496: [ 1477: [ 1466: [ 1455: [ 1444: [ 1429: [ 1403:Project 211 1389:located in 1286:During the 1259:after the 1172:During the 911:Han Chinese 836:area along 818:Mudan River 734:, Huairen, 719:Tumen River 691:Tumen River 418:Han Chinese 390:: 380:: 363:: 353:: 339:: 329:: 315:: 305:: 297:Terminology 193:: 183:: 46:All Koreans 7948:Categories 7900:Yi Sun-sin 7735:Bronze Age 7672:Capitalism 7597:Typography 7592:Television 7562:Philosophy 7547:Mādhyamaka 7542:Literature 7497:Sinosphere 7417:historical 7059:Micronesia 6927:Arab world 6884:Bangladesh 6877:South Asia 6374:Vietnamese 6369:Pakistanis 6212:chauvinism 6191:Pakistanis 6174:Chaoxianzu 5786:Sogwo Arig 5705:Muumyangan 5690:Khishigten 5538:Hmong-Mien 5490:Vietnamese 5134:Underlined 4997:16 January 4956:16 January 4926:16 January 4886:5 November 4581:Asia Times 4354:17 January 4239:1244862785 4231:2012009517 4061:7 February 3774:"延边历史上的今天" 3647:Chaoxianzu 3568:《李范奭将军回忆录》 3418:《中国朝鲜族移民史》 3272:Lewis 2009 3057:Lewis 2009 2956:《中国朝鲜族史研究》 2902:6 November 2856:6 November 2848:kseach.org 2832:6 November 2806:6 November 2710:6 February 2641:References 2484:조선대풍국제투자그룹 2473:Pak Cholsu 2463:Kwon Ki-ok 2444:Li Yunfeng 2387:Stage name 2327:Zhao Nanqi 2303:Li Yongtai 2274:, Dean of 2272:Han Dayuan 2234:Lin Xianyu 2211:oncologist 2198:virologist 2175:Jin Ningyi 2085:Empress Gi 2079:T'ien-t'ai 2008:Li Zhengji 1885:Baishizhou 1829:See also: 1823:See also: 1817:See also: 1641:Victor Cha 1617:Chaoxianzu 1589:See also: 1249:Li Yongtai 1245:Zhao Nanqi 1237:Korean War 1212:After the 1208:Since 1949 1123:Kuomintang 1009:Kuomintang 882:bankruptcy 852:After the 838:Amur River 687:Yalu River 627:(known as 523:commander 511:to settle 254:government 210:Cháoxiǎnzú 201:Chaoxianzu 56:Chaoxianzu 7816:CrossAsia 7803:Education 7557:Mythology 7537:Languages 7517:Festivals 7465:Taiwanese 7372:Ryukyuans 7287:subgroups 7206:Hong Kong 7185:East Asia 7118:Koreatown 7092:Koryo-mar 7085:Languages 7054:Australia 6997:Elsewhere 6986:Kamchatka 6920:West Asia 6911:Sri Lanka 6906:Pakisatan 6851:Singapore 6826:Indonesia 6773:Hong Kong 6756:East Asia 6740:Venezuela 6710:Argentina 6667:Guatemala 6526:Hong Kong 6449:Nigerians 6444:Canadians 6436:Hong Kong 6420:Americans 6412:Hong Kong 6405:Guangzhou 6320:Filipinos 6310:Armenians 6303:From Asia 6090:Armenians 6011:Ili Turks 5607:Dongxiang 5291:Qixingmin 5187:subgroups 5175:Chuanqing 5136:: the 56 5061:145210079 5031:7 January 4842:Joseonjok 4803:9 October 4621:Bloomberg 4298:cite book 4196:145345612 4188:1464-9373 3695:1061-1932 3651:Chosŏnjok 3641:CRC Press 3477:新疆美术摄影出版社 2758:222315472 2750:1362-1025 2646:Citations 2491:Howie Liu 2429:NCT DREAM 2371:Jin Yulin 2340:Li Xianyu 2316:Go player 2219:, former 2108:Li Rusong 2035:Li Shidao 1994:Later Yan 1974:Zhouyoung 1950:Seungnang 1575:Chosŏn-ot 1356:Education 1304:Four Olds 1222:Zhu Dehai 1182:logistics 987:Manchukuo 899:Hun River 880:or go to 870:cadastral 801:Hun River 769:Hun River 677:In 1677, 633:Later Jin 535:areas of 515:. 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