167:
637:
349:
and the Indian-Eurasian offspring were isolated from the pure-blood
Portuguese and other castes. This isolation led them to intermarry and children began learning the pidgin their parents spoke. The Korlai creole emerged among the slaves and their offspring who converted to Christianity and became a part of the Portuguese community while still adhering to existing caste distinctions. The social isolation this community faced contributed to the maintenance and growth of Korlai creole.
197:
204:
174:
338:
348:
The development of the language can be traced back to the 1500s with the conception of the new element of society, the native Indian
Catholics and Eurasian offspring. The existing caste system within India had a great influence on the creation of KCP (Korlai Creole Portuguese). The Eurasian offspring
370:
Chaul was an important trade city near Korlai and was first visited by the
Portuguese in 1505. This area was previously under the Muslim rule from 1318. The Portuguese and the Muslim ruler maintained a friendly relation, however, the relation soon experienced tension and a war broke out. During this
361:
and a few
Maratha communities. Apart from the geographical and occupational differences, the Kristi community differentiates itself linguistically, by the use of 'nɔ ling', an important marker of their identity. However, with the changing times and better connectivity between Korlai and the rest of
352:
In today's context, the Kristi community is geographically separated from the rest as the community lives in the 'varcha bhag' . The community also differs from the rest of the area occupationally. Korlai Creole
Portuguese speakers are agriculturists whereas the other dominant occupation is of
404:
Korlai
Portuguese vowels are similar to the Middle Portuguese, which was spoken by Portuguese soldiers that came to the region. The sole difference being the point of articulation of the central vowel. Both Marathi and Korlai Creole Portuguese had a decline in nasal vowels and this process of
391:
were mainly
Christian converts. The Portuguese abandoned Chaul and the hill to move to Goa in 1740. After the departure of the Portuguese, many Christians moved to other Portuguese territories while the Christians of the lower-castes moved closer to the church as the
362:
the world, the language evolving. The newer generation prefers the use of
Marathi as it is dominant language of the state and the insistence of the Church in order to create unison. This is causing a huge influence of Marathi on the language and its development.
375:, i.e. Portuguese men married the native women who were living outside the Chaul fort along with a large number of Hindu and Muslim shopkeepers. In 1594, the Portuguese took over the fort along with Korlai in the valley of the
166:
289:
by the speakers themselves, which translates to "our language" in the creole. The speakers are a part of a very close-knit community, and refer to themselves as the
992:
778:
229:
196:
1002:
409:
is connected for both languages. In the younger generation, Korlai Creole
Portuguese also shows an increase in the borrowing of Marathi
787:
700:
771:
882:
418:
278:
987:
764:
298:
861:
855:
877:
872:
152:
146:
904:
898:
847:
90:
85:
866:
636:
294:
266:
997:
806:
966:
801:
270:
915:
837:
742:
318:
960:
921:
910:
827:
696:
657:"Portuguese Settlement of the Chaul/korlai Area and the Formation of Korlai Creole Portuguese"
80:
668:
321:. The speakers are of a homogenous Roman Catholic pocket in an area otherwise dominated by
938:
326:
314:
306:
302:
282:
72:
17:
822:
414:
406:
393:
358:
322:
138:
981:
756:
832:
410:
383:'Our Lady of the Sea' was built on the hill. The slaves and the offspring of the
354:
342:
310:
274:
956:
673:
656:
629:
693:
The
Genesis of a Language: The Formation and Development of Korlai Portuguese
624:
244:
231:
131:
115:
122:
273:, spoken by approximately 1,000 inhabitants of the Korlai village at the
746:
730:
379:(hill). By 1630, a small Christian community grew when the church,
337:
336:
53:
760:
421:, which could be attributed to increased influence of Marathi.
724:
722:
720:
718:
716:
714:
712:
560:
524:
um, dois, três, quatro, cinco, seis, sete, oito, nove, dez
947:
931:
891:
846:
815:
794:
145:
129:
113:
108:
69:
59:
49:
32:
417:but recent data shows the language now utilizes a
735:Bulletin of the Deccan College Research Institute
580:
520:ũ, doy, tre, kwat, sink, sey, set, oyt, nob, dey
413:items. Clements indicated that the language had
203:
173:
731:"Revisiting Korlai: A Case of Language Contact"
686:
684:
650:
648:
646:
597:
577:
557:
772:
301:. Korlai is situated in the Raigad district (
8:
293:community bound by their affiliation to the
729:Paradkar, Ruta; De Athayde, Amanda (2015).
779:
765:
757:
29:
672:
695:. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing.
586:Ai, contra minha vontade foi a Madalena,
544:All are eating and drinking their fill:
281:. Their speech is referred to as Korlai
617:
333:Development of Korlai Creole Portuguese
7:
993:Portuguese-based pidgins and creoles
604:Oh, against my will it was Madalena,
400:Features of Korlai Creole Portuguese
550:toda a gente come e bebe até fartar
341:The village of Korlai viewed from
25:
788:Portuguese-based creole languages
635:
606:Dressed in leaves and branches!
566:Ai, contra ma ja foi a Madulena,
202:
195:
172:
165:
285:, Korlai Portuguese, Kristi or
27:Indo-Portuguese creole of India
1:
546:tud gent cumen beben tem fart
277:, a former possession of the
950:Portuguese lexical influence
691:Clements, J. Clancy (1996).
655:Clements, J. Clancy (2015).
396:took control of the region.
279:Portuguese in Goa and Bombay
1003:Portuguese language in Asia
661:Journal of Language Contact
366:Socio-historical Background
1019:
313:, 150 kilometers south of
299:Roman Catholicism in India
862:Cannanore Indo-Portuguese
674:10.1163/19552629-00801002
225:
159:
42:
37:
873:Daman and Diu Portuguese
625:Korlai Portuguese creole
575:Portuguese translation:
210:Korlai Portuguese creole
180:Korlai Portuguese creole
96:Korlai Portuguese creole
91:Northern Indo-Portuguese
33:Korlai Portuguese creole
18:Korlai Portuguese creole
918:or Papiá Tugu (extinct)
582:Maldita Maria Madalena,
562:Maldita Maria Madulena,
561:
186:Show map of Maharashtra
878:Korlai Indo-Portuguese
867:Cochin Indo-Portuguese
609:
600:Cursed Maria Madalena,
593:
581:
573:
345:
329:speaking inhabitants.
295:Christian denomination
267:Indo-Portuguese creole
883:Sri Lankan Portuguese
602:Cursed Beautiful one,
595:English translation:
340:
807:Guinea-Bissau Creole
381:Nossa Senhora do Mar
948:Creoles with strong
802:Cape Verdean Creole
271:Portuguese language
245:18.5232°N 72.9195°E
241: /
988:Languages of India
856:Bengali Portuguese
346:
319:Maharashtra, India
975:
974:
961:Judaeo-Papiamento
905:Flores Portuguese
633:(25th ed., 2022)
534:Primeiro, Segundo
353:fishers from the
263:Korlai Portuguese
260:
259:
216:Show map of India
81:Portuguese Creole
16:(Redirected from
1010:
899:Bidau Portuguese
781:
774:
767:
758:
751:
750:
726:
707:
706:
688:
679:
678:
676:
652:
641:
640:
639:
622:
590:
588:Vestida de mata!
584:Maldita Formosa,
570:
568:Vastida de mata!
564:Maldita firmosa,
555:Song of Korlai:
453:You (singular):
309:named after the
256:
255:
253:
252:
251:
250:18.5232; 72.9195
246:
242:
239:
238:
237:
234:
217:
206:
205:
199:
187:
176:
175:
169:
155:
141:
125:
118:
75:
30:
21:
1018:
1017:
1013:
1012:
1011:
1009:
1008:
1007:
978:
977:
976:
971:
949:
943:
927:
892:Southeast Asian
887:
848:Indo-Portuguese
842:
811:
790:
785:
755:
754:
728:
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710:
703:
690:
689:
682:
654:
653:
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623:
619:
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605:
603:
601:
592:
587:
585:
583:
572:
567:
565:
563:
528:First, Second:
430:
425:Examples of Nɔ
402:
368:
335:
327:Marathi-Konkani
315:Mumbai (Bombay)
307:Konkan division
303:Colaba district
249:
247:
243:
240:
235:
232:
230:
228:
227:
221:
220:
219:
218:
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207:
190:
189:
188:
185:
184:
183:
182:
181:
177:
151:
137:
121:
114:
104:
86:Indo-Portuguese
76:
73:Language family
71:
65:800 (2015)
62:
61:Native speakers
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1016:
1014:
1006:
1005:
1000:
995:
990:
980:
979:
973:
972:
970:
969:
964:
953:
951:
945:
944:
942:
941:
935:
933:
929:
928:
926:
925:
919:
913:
911:Papiá Kristang
908:
902:
895:
893:
889:
888:
886:
885:
880:
875:
870:
864:
859:
852:
850:
844:
843:
841:
840:
835:
830:
825:
819:
817:
816:Gulf of Guinea
813:
812:
810:
809:
804:
798:
796:
792:
791:
786:
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783:
776:
769:
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708:
701:
680:
642:
616:
615:
613:
610:
598:
578:
558:
553:
552:
542:
538:How are you?:
536:
526:
516:
506:
498:You (plural):
496:
486:
471:
463:You (formal):
461:
451:
441:
439:Muito Obrigado
433:Thanks a lot:
429:
423:
419:SOV word order
415:SVO word order
407:denasalisation
401:
398:
367:
364:
334:
331:
323:Konkani Muslim
258:
257:
223:
222:
209:
208:
201:
200:
194:
193:
192:
191:
179:
178:
171:
170:
164:
163:
162:
161:
160:
157:
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149:
143:
142:
135:
127:
126:
119:
111:
110:
109:Language codes
106:
105:
103:
102:
101:
100:
99:
98:
79:
77:
70:
67:
66:
63:
60:
57:
56:
51:
50:Native to
47:
46:
40:
39:
35:
34:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1015:
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965:
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936:
934:
930:
923:
920:
917:
914:
912:
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906:
903:
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897:
896:
894:
890:
884:
881:
879:
876:
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868:
865:
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851:
849:
845:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
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820:
818:
814:
808:
805:
803:
800:
799:
797:
793:
789:
782:
777:
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770:
768:
763:
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759:
748:
744:
740:
736:
732:
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723:
721:
719:
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715:
713:
709:
704:
702:90-272-5238-6
698:
694:
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685:
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670:
666:
662:
658:
651:
649:
647:
643:
638:
632:
631:
626:
621:
618:
611:
607:
596:
591:
589:
576:
571:
569:
556:
551:
548:; From Port.
547:
543:
541:
540:Use, kile te?
537:
535:
532:; From Port.
531:
530:Primer, Sigun
527:
525:
522:; From Port.
521:
517:
515:
512:; from Port.
511:
507:
505:
502:; From Port.
501:
497:
495:
492:; From Port.
491:
487:
484:
480:
477:; From Port.
476:
472:
470:
467:; From Port.
466:
462:
460:
457:; From Port.
456:
452:
450:
447:; From Port.
446:
442:
440:
436:
435:Muit'obrigad!
432:
431:
428:
424:
422:
420:
416:
412:
408:
399:
397:
395:
390:
386:
382:
378:
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365:
363:
360:
356:
350:
344:
339:
332:
330:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
269:based on the
268:
264:
254:
226:Coordinates:
224:
198:
168:
158:
154:
150:
148:
144:
140:
136:
134:
133:
128:
124:
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117:
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107:
97:
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82:
78:
74:
68:
64:
58:
55:
52:
48:
45:
41:
36:
31:
19:
795:Upper Guinea
738:
734:
692:
667:(1): 13–35.
664:
660:
628:
620:
599:
594:
579:
574:
559:
554:
549:
545:
539:
533:
529:
523:
519:
513:
509:
503:
499:
493:
489:
482:
478:
474:
473:He and She:
468:
464:
458:
454:
448:
444:
438:
434:
426:
403:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
369:
351:
347:
290:
286:
262:
261:
147:Linguasphere
130:
95:
43:
998:Luso-Indian
838:Principense
741:: 203–214.
514:eles outros
437:From Port.
343:Korlai Fort
311:Colaba fort
275:Korlai fort
248: /
982:Categories
967:Saramaccan
957:Papiamento
932:East Asian
828:Annobonese
630:Ethnologue
612:References
518:Numerals:
504:vós outros
325:and Hindu
236:72°55′10″E
233:18°31′24″N
153:51-AAC-agc
924:(extinct)
916:Mardijker
907:(extinct)
901:(extinct)
869:(extinct)
858:(extinct)
481:(he) and
371:time 600
305:) of the
132:Glottolog
116:ISO 639-3
939:Macanese
922:Portugis
747:26264737
394:Marathas
389:soldadas
357:, Mali,
287:Nɔw-ling
139:korl1238
44:Nou Ling
823:Angolar
411:lexical
385:casados
373:casados
745:
699:
508:They:
291:Kristi
283:creole
265:is an
38:Kristi
833:Forro
743:JSTOR
485:(she)
377:marro
359:Agari
317:, in
297:, of
54:India
697:ISBN
500:udzó
488:We:
469:você
427:Ling
387:and
355:Koli
669:doi
627:at
510:eló
494:nós
483:ela
479:ele
465:usé
459:vós
443:I:
123:vkp
984::
739:75
737:.
733:.
711:^
683:^
663:.
659:.
645:^
490:no
475:el
455:wo
449:eu
445:yo
963:)
959:(
780:e
773:t
766:v
749:.
705:.
677:.
671::
665:8
20:)
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