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Interested in population density and centres, Lalanne plotted innovative maps (1845) with contours of the same population density, and announced an "equilateral law" of equal spacing of the centres (1875), which he found a good fit in France. A paper of 1863 raised general considerations on transport
123:
From 1853 Lalanne directed the construction of railway lines in France (Part route to
Strasbourg, Ardennes, Boulogne and Calais, etc.), in Switzerland (1856–1860, the railway network to the west) and northern Spain (1860/61) and the route Cordoba and Seville. He made a further visit to Wallachia in
55:, the son of François Julien Léon Chrétien, a physician, and his wife Aurore Marie Damaris Langlois; his surname became Lalanne-Chrétien in 1820, Lalanne being the unmarried name of his father's first wife, and he dropped the Chrétien for practical use. He was the brother of the historian
101:(National Workshops). He undertook a severe rationalisation of the structure set up by Émile Thomas. Brought in during May, he had closed down the institutions of the Ateliers by the end of June. In the civil unrest that occurred simultaneously he commanded a battalion of the
20:
392:
Méthodes graphiques pour l'expression des lois empiriques ou mathémathiques à trois variables avec des applications à l'art de l'ingénieur et a la résolution des équations numériques d'un degré quelconde
1029:"cerdoristique: définition de cerdoristique, citations, exemples et usage pour cerdoristique dans le dictionnaire de français Littré adapté du grand dictionnaire de la langue française d'Emile Littré"
457:
230:. He called his nomographic device the "abac". This "universal calculator" had 60 functions implemented graphically. Half a century later Maurice d'Ocagne provided a general theory, founded in
79:
1177:
78:
in 1831. After that, he was a civil engineer, working mostly in northern France from 1832 to 1843. In 1837 he went on the group visit to
Southern Russia organized by
124:
1856. From inspector-general (1867), Lalanne in 1876 became director of the École des ponts et chaussées. Further experiences along the Danube involved
Lalanne in
299:. He researched it during the 1830s, and published supporting tables. Along the planned route earth masses are plotted (with a negative or positive sign) as the
143:. In 1881 he retired, and was made a Grand Officer of the Legion of Honour. He became involved in politics again in the moderate left-wing. In 1883 he became a
116:
in 1852, but encountered difficult local conditions. Russian operations against
Ottoman possessions from July 1853, preceding the outbreak within months of the
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75:
879:
83:
267:
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Collection de tables pour les abréger calculs relatifs à la réduction of projets de routes et chemins de 6 meters de largeur
174:, another civil engineer of the Ponts et Chaussées, Lalanne is considered to have made important contributions to rigorous
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1167:
1152:
361:
345:, and intended for a less popular readership, he attempted a definition of the neologism "cerdoristique industrielle" of
295:
As a civil engineer, Lalanne invented and published a graphical method to optimize the design of roads, now known as the
255:. Also in 1840 he devised a mechanical computer capable of solving numerically polynomial equations up to degree seven.
207:
364:
and took it further. Seeing repetitive work without variation as negative, he saw the solution as lying in automation.
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223:
144:
346:
333:
140:
248:
133:
63:
952:
Charles Darwin's
Natural Selection: Being the Second Part of His Big Species Book Written from 1856 to 1858
71:
489:
Armies of the Poor: Determinants of
Working-Class Participation in the Parisian Insurrection of June 1848
327:, in reducing the problems of manufacturing to "technology". The following year in a comparable article
324:
171:
198:
1104:
Morale industrielle et calcul économique dans le premier XIXe siècle: Claude-Lucien
Bergery, 1787-1863
1052:
Morale industrielle et calcul économique dans le premier XIXe siècle: Claude-Lucien
Bergery, 1787-1863
1005:
Morale industrielle et calcul économique dans le premier XIXe siècle: Claude-Lucien
Bergery, 1787-1863
1162:
1157:
231:
162:
The context of much of
Lalanne's work was the construction of the Belgian and French rail systems.
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284:
187:
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94:
105:
in Paris. He was detained as a subversive on 29 June, but all charges were dropped on 5 August.
67:
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As a civil engineer, Lalanne became known for railway construction in Spain, Switzerland and
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758:
238:
82:(the future Count Demidov and 1st Prince of San Donato). From 1839 he was working also with
733:
Weltwirtschaft und Wirtschaftsordnung: Festschrift für Jürgen Schneider zum 65. Geburtstag
320:
279:
Lalande made a number of innovations in graphics. His "universal computer" was based on a
252:
102:
87:
56:
35:
838:
595:
Les immortels du Sénat, 1875-1918: les cent seize inamovibles de la Troisième République
430:
Les immortels du Sénat, 1875-1918: les cent seize inamovibles de la Troisième République
258:
243:
227:
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338:
349:. In so doing he cited Babbage favourably on management accounting principles, and
342:
280:
219:
625:
Companion Encyclopedia of the History and Philosophy of the Mathematical Sciences
175:
117:
19:
925:
Abel's Proof: An Essay on the Sources and Meaning of Mathematical Unsolvability
350:
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262:
113:
109:
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with a bridge project, and monitoring involved with demarcation after the
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routes and population distributions, direction later covered in work of
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125:
814:
Cartography in France, 1660-1848: Science, Engineering, and Statecraft
679:
Cartography in France, 1660-1848: Science, Engineering, and Statecraft
652:
Cartography in France, 1660-1848: Science, Engineering, and Statecraft
178:. He first clarified the distinction between an isometric line and an
360:
pushed to its logical conclusion, Lalanne picked up the reasoning of
218:. In a paper of 1846 Lalanne contributed to the subject the ideas of
43:; 3 July 1811 – 12 March 1892) was a French engineer and politician.
592:
Jean Marie Mayeur; Alain Corbin; Arlette Schweitz (1 January 1995).
427:
Jean Marie Mayeur; Alain Corbin; Arlette Schweitz (1 January 1995).
261:
cited a paper by Lalanne from the same year 1840 on the geometry of
120:, made his position untenable as French and British diplomats left.
151:). In 1882, he was Chairman of the Compagnie des omnibus de Paris.
197:
18:
898:
Group Theory in the Bedroom, and Other Mathematical Diversions
1078:
La technologie: une culture, des pratiques et des acteurs
569:
Le sahara pétrolier: L'artisanat de la poterie en Tunisie
516:
Arbeiterfrage und Arbeiterbewegung: Vorlesungen 1895-1898
543:
France and the Economic Development of Europe, 1800-1914
982:. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 209.
386:
Description et de l'usage abaque ou compteur universel
247:; this followed earlier work on signed arithmetic by
202:
Léon Lalanne's "abacus" or "universal computer", 1843
955:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 513 note 1.
949:Charles Darwin; R. C. Stauffer (26 November 1987).
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418:
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234:, for the nonlinear scales related by nomography.
706:The Pre-industrial Urban System: France 1740-1840
226:. There were applications to the solution of the
112:, where he was first engaged in 1852. He went to
736:(in French). Franz Steiner Verlag. p. 269.
433:. Publications de la Sorbonne. pp. 368–70.
311:In 1840 Lalanne wrote an encyclopedia article
51:Lalanne was born in Paris on 3 July 1811, as
8:
817:. University of Chicago Press. p. 152.
682:. University of Chicago Press. p. 151.
655:. University of Chicago Press. p. 142.
784:Harold Ainsley Evesham (26 December 2010).
709:. Cambridge University Press. p. 415.
598:. Publications de la Sorbonne. p. 28.
452:
450:
901:. Farrar, Straus and Giroux. p. 189.
874:. Princeton University Press. p. 56.
567:Christian Verlaque; Hafedh Séthom (1964).
210:Lalanne is considered the inventor of the
1178:Members of the French Academy of Sciences
1106:(in French). Harmattan. pp. 219–20.
787:The History and Development of Nomography
1075:René Crescent; Richard Langlois (2004).
1054:(in French). Harmattan. pp. 133–4.
730:Rainer Gömmel; Markus A. Denzel (2002).
519:(in German). Mohr Siebeck. p. 329.
844:Visualization and Verbalization of Data
760:Transportation: A Geographical Analysis
492:. Transaction Publishers. p. 160.
404:
139:In 1879 Lalanne became a member of the
97:, Lalanne was briefly made head of the
571:. Bibliothèque Nationale. p. 63.
329:Essai philosophique sur la technologie
1007:(in French). Harmattan. p. 123.
841:; Michael Greenacre (10 April 2014).
34:
7:
1081:. Éditions MultiMondes. p. 45.
976:Leland Wilkinson (28 January 2006).
617:
615:
356:A strong critic of the principle of
214:. The intention was to replace the
86:, his future father-in-law, on the
14:
1173:Information visualization experts
546:. Psychology Press. p. 572.
1130:
703:Bernard Lepetit (21 July 1994).
374:Mémoire sur l'arithmoplanimétrie
307:Political economy and technology
790:. Docent Press. pp. 7–11.
757:William Richard Black (2003).
241:as an arithmetical system, in
84:Jean-Claude-Républicain Arnoux
66:, where he was a classmate of
16:French engineer and politician
1:
847:. CRC Press. pp. 10–11.
763:. Guilford Press. p. 4.
895:Brian Hayes (1 April 2008).
871:Number: From Ahmes to Cantor
622:I. Grattan-Guinness (2003).
462:Princeton University Library
76:École des ponts et chaussées
1199:
928:. MIT Press. p. 147.
628:. JHU Press. p. 576.
237:In 1840 Lalanne announced
224:projective transformations
868:Midhat J. Gazalé (2000).
540:Rondo E. Cameron (2000).
208:Philbert Maurice d'Ocagne
287:of ocean wind strength.
1102:François Vatin (2007).
1050:François Vatin (2007).
1003:François Vatin (2007).
979:The Grammar of Graphics
362:Pierre-Édouard Lémontey
134:Treaty of Berlin (1878)
62:Lalanne studied at the
811:Josef Konvitz (1987).
676:Josef Konvitz (1987).
649:Josef Konvitz (1987).
203:
90:; he married in 1841.
24:
334:Encyclopédie nouvelle
325:Claude Lucien Bergery
201:
172:Charles Joseph Minard
141:Académie des sciences
22:
1183:French life senators
1168:French cartographers
1153:Engineers from Paris
1139:at Wikimedia Commons
922:Peter Pesic (2003).
317:Un million des faits
283:. In 1830 he drew a
74:, he went on to the
64:Lycée Louis-le-Grand
232:projective geometry
149:sénateur inamovible
72:École Polytechnique
70:. From 1829 at the
53:Léon Louis Chrétien
513:Max Weber (2009).
358:division of labour
347:André-Marie Ampère
285:polar area diagram
204:
188:Walter Christaller
154:He died in Paris.
99:Ateliers Nationaux
95:Revolution of 1848
28:Léon Louis Lalanne
25:
1135:Media related to
1113:978-2-296-03105-0
1088:978-2-89544-066-6
1061:978-2-296-03105-0
1014:978-2-296-03105-0
989:978-0-387-28695-2
962:978-0-521-34807-2
935:978-0-262-66182-9
908:978-1-4299-3857-0
854:978-1-4665-8980-3
824:978-0-226-45094-0
797:978-1-4564-7962-6
770:978-1-57230-848-0
743:978-3-515-08043-9
716:978-0-521-41734-1
689:978-0-226-45094-0
662:978-0-226-45094-0
635:978-0-8018-7396-6
605:978-2-85944-273-6
578:978-2-7355-0063-5
553:978-0-415-19011-4
526:978-3-16-150133-3
499:978-1-4128-1748-6
440:978-2-85944-273-6
297:épure de Lalanne
291:Civil engineering
268:Natural Selection
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222:and the use of
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103:Garde Nationale
88:Ligne de Sceaux
80:Anatoly Demidov
68:Évariste Galois
57:Ludovic Lalanne
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271:manuscript.
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1163:1892 deaths
1158:1811 births
1031:(in French)
313:Technologie
249:John Leslie
194:Mathematics
176:cartography
166:Cartography
118:Crimean War
93:During the
1147:Categories
351:Andrew Ure
263:honeycombs
216:slide rule
265:, in his
128:, and in
114:Bucharest
110:Wallachia
1035:16 April
472:16 April
331:for the
301:abscissa
212:nomogram
180:isopleth
130:Silistra
126:Budapest
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399:Notes
368:Books
206:With
170:With
158:Works
1108:ISBN
1083:ISBN
1056:ISBN
1037:2015
1009:ISBN
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957:ISBN
930:ISBN
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474:2015
435:ISBN
341:and
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