288:
417:, he would not have considered himself a traitor if he had betrayed Moulin, claiming that French Communists such as the Aubracs at times gave non-Communists, such as Moulin, to the Gestapo, though this statement is not supported by evidence: not only was Aubrac not a Communist, but it is doubtful that the Communist party would betray somebody with great knowledge of its leaders and organization.
391:
33:
263:. In February, they organised the distribution of 10,000 propaganda flyers, but one of the distributors was caught by the police, leading to the arrest of d'Astier's niece and uncle. At this time, Lucie gave birth to her first child. The group decided to hide, and, after a few months' hiatus, began to work on an underground newspaper,
283:
and claimed to be
Raymond's fiancée, saying he was named "Ermelin" (one of his aliases) and had been caught in a raid while innocently visiting a doctor. She was told Raymond was to be executed for being a member of the Resistance, but she was able to get permission to marry him first, supposedly to
270:
In March 1943, Raymond was arrested. He was released in May, after Lucie intervened with the local Vichy public prosecutor, telling him they were members of the RĂ©sistance and he had 24 hours to release
Raymond or be killed, and the couple then organized the clever escape of three other members of
368:
by GĂ©rard Chauvy, which was meant to prove the
Aubracs were the ones who informed Barbie about the fateful meeting at Caluire where Moulin was arrested in 1943. On 2 April 1998, following a civil suit launched by the Aubracs, a Paris court fined Chauvy and his publisher Albin Michel for "public
435:, in a statement after Raymond's death in 2012, said that Raymond's escape from the Nazis led by Lucie in 1943 had "become a legend in the history of the Resistance", and praised him and all Resistance members as "heroes of the shadows who saved France's honor, at a time when it seemed lost".
447:
said in a statement: "In our darkest times, was, with Lucie Aubrac, among the righteous, who found, in themselves and in the universal values of our
Republic, the strength to resist Nazi barbarism". Lucie's ashes are beside Raymond's in the family tomb in the cemetery in the
284:
save her honor and legitimize the child with which she really was pregnant. When
Raymond was being brought back to prison after "wedding", he and fifteen other prisoners were rescued by a commando unit led by Lucie, who attacked the vehicle he was in, killing the six guards.
302:
established a consultative assembly, which Lucie joined as a resistance representative, making her the first woman to sit on a French parliamentary assembly. In 1945, she published the first short history of the French
Resistance. In 1946, she and Raymond hosted
377:, which led the Gaullists to tip off Barbie before this could happen. Twenty leading resistance survivors published a letter protesting against the accusations against the Aubracs, who asked to appear before a panel of leading
168:
267:. The first edition was put together with the help of the typographers from a local newspaper and printed on paper supplied by local trade-unionists; 10,000 copies were produced in July 1941.
307:
at their home when he went to France on what turned out to be an unsuccessful mission to win independence for the then-French colony of
Vietnam, and Ho Chi Minh and Raymond became friends.
1158:
921:
607:
364:
had given him ten years earlier, that purported to show the
Aubracs had tipped off Barbie regarding Moulin. VergĂšs' "Barbie testament" was timed for the publication of the book
1188:
440:
1198:
1117:
1163:
857:
752:
1173:
882:
191:, who took the name Aubrac in the Resistance. She was active on a number of operations, including prison breakouts. Like her husband, she was a
328:
should be aired. Aubrac hated the film, which she called "misery loving", complaining it dwelled on all that was ugly in France. The 1992 film
1178:
1101:
1060:
1011:
988:
958:
692:
387:. While none of the historians involved believed that Raymond was an informer, they did note inconsistencies in Lucie's account of his case.
1128:
Lucie Aubrac â The ThĂ©roigne de MĂ©ricourt of the French
Resistance, Spiral of time 7/2010, Journal of the House of Women's History Bonn
1193:
1183:
237:
894:
196:
107:
217:
324:
647:
1168:
343:
In 1996, Lucie was awarded the Legion of Honor by the French government for her heroism during World War II. The 1997 film
1153:
310:
In 1984, Lucie published a semi-fictional version of her wartime diaries, the
English translation of which is known as
576:
436:
449:
883:
https://calgaryherald.com/news/Raymond+Aubrac+Former+leader+French+Resistance/6461742/story.html#ixzz1sA2Ukl5A
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118:
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572:
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444:
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204:
72:
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1111:
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479:
411:
Resistance and Betrayal: The Death and Life of the Greatest Hero of the French Resistance (2002)
552:
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1007:
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978:
954:
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421:
378:
357:
337:
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252:
248:
241:
229:
174:
103:
84:
948:
922:"Hommage républicain au résistant Raymond Aubrac, "flambeau de la justice et de l'espérance""
1047:
Bowles, Brett (2011). "Historiography, Memory, and the Politics of Form in Mosco Boucault's
443:, said to BFM-TV that Raymond and Lucie "were a legendary couple" and "exceptional people".
322:
after his arrest. In 1985, she sat on the "Jury of Honor" to assess whether the documentary
233:
1070:
432:
398:
161:
608:"Raymond Aubrac: French Resistance leader whose wife daringly freed him from captivity"
350:
213:
188:
128:
1137:
1075:
383:
381:. The Aubracs did appear in a discussion with historians, organized by the newspaper
353:
as Lucie, is about her efforts to rescue her husband. She herself endorsed the film.
187:
in 1938, a highly uncommon achievement for a woman at that time. In 1939 she married
183:
980:
Collaboration and Resistance in Occupied France: Representing Treason and Sacrifice
374:
361:
315:
287:
280:
272:
209:
178:
950:
Resistance Heroism and the End of Empire: The Life and Times of Madeleine Riffaud
1001:
425:
404:
390:
319:
304:
291:
255:. During 1941, the group carried out two sabotage attacks at train stations in
414:
256:
271:
their group. A month later, Raymond was arrested again. Lucie went to see
32:
413:, Marnham suggested that, because Raymond's overriding allegiance was to
53:
409:(2001) suggests Raymond and possibly Lucie betrayed Moulin. In his book
369:
defamation". In 1998, the French historian Jacques Baynac, in his book
276:
318:'s claim that her husband Raymond had become an informer and betrayed
260:
373:, claimed Moulin was planning to break with de Gaulle to recognize
1040:
Lucie Aubrac: The French Resistance Heroine who Defied the Gestapo
389:
286:
753:"Raymond Aubrac, a Leader of the French Resistance, Dies at 97"
314:. She was inspired to publish her own writing on the war by
195:
militant, which she remained after the war. She sat in the
16:
Member of the French Resistance in World War II (1912â2007)
181:. A history teacher by occupation, she earned a history
663:
661:
139:
3 (son Jean-Pierre, daughters Catherine and Ălisabeth)
1025:(Kindle ed.). Paris: Perrin. pp. 1262â1278.
480:"Lucie Aubrac, Hero of French Resistance, Dies at 94"
648:"French Resistance figure Raymond Aubrac dead at 97"
424:was godfather to their second child, Catherine and
135:
124:
114:
98:
90:
80:
61:
42:
23:
642:
640:
520:
441:Sons and Daughters of Jewish Deportees from France
360:produced the "Barbie testament", which he claimed
1053:War, Exile, Justice, and Everyday Life, 1936â1946
518:
516:
514:
512:
510:
508:
506:
504:
502:
500:
228:In 1940, Lucie was amongst the first to join the
1159:Members of the Provisional Consultative Assembly
1055:. Reno: University of Nevada. pp. 191â224.
895:"French reisistance fighter Raymond Aubrac dies"
428:was godfather to their third child, Elizabeth.
720:
718:
601:
599:
597:
294:, baby Elizabeth Aubrac and Lucie Aubrac, 1946
473:
471:
469:
8:
1071:"Lucie Aubrac, une conscience s'est Ă©teinte"
336:was about her and Raymond's life during the
1116:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
31:
20:
1189:Female resistance members of World War II
588:
977:Lloyd, Christopher (16 September 2003).
679:
826:
814:
802:
790:
778:
465:
420:Lucie had three children with Raymond.
202:Her life was depicted in the 1997 film
1199:Grand Officers of the Legion of Honour
1109:
970:The French Resistance and the Republic
667:
631:
160:
148:(29 June 1912 â 14 March 2007), born
7:
1164:Human Rights League (France) members
654:. Associated Press. 15 January 2018.
371:Les Secrets de l'affaire Jean Moulin
1023:Histoire de la RĂ©sistance 1940-1945
947:Chiaroni, Keren (8 December 2016).
968:Clinton, Alan Jean Moulin (2002).
14:
901:. Tribe Media Corp. 12 April 2012
751:Martin, Douglas (11 April 2012).
693:"Lucie Aubrac: A Resistance Hero"
606:Lichfield, John (12 April 2012).
525:Jackson, Julian (16 March 2007).
478:Martin, Douglas (18 March 2007).
197:Provisional Consultative Assembly
108:Provisional Consultative Assembly
551:Jackson, Julian (5 April 2012).
238:Emmanuel d'Astier de La Vigerie
1174:20th-century French memoirists
1:
725:Elley, Derek (2 March 1997).
325:Des terroristes Ă la retraite
1179:French women in World War II
199:in Paris from 1944 to 1945.
1021:Wieviorka, Olivier (2013).
1215:
1079:(in French). 16 March 2007
1194:Members of Liberation-Sud
1184:French Resistance members
1126:Goldenstedt, Christiane,
998:Marnham, Patrick (2001).
983:. Palgrave Macmillan UK.
864:. Scotland. 13 April 2012
553:"Raymond Aubrac obituary"
332:Boulevard des hirondelles
110:in Paris, history teacher
30:
1092:Douzou, Laurent (2009).
1051:". In Sandra Ott (ed.).
1049:Terrorists in Retirement
953:. Taylor & Francis.
846:. London. 11 April 2012.
577:French National Assembly
527:"Obituary: Lucie Aubrac"
401:'s biography of Moulin,
1042:. Michael O'Mara Books.
439:, the president of the
251:, with her husband and
173:), was a member of the
1004:: Biography of a Ghost
573:Hommage Ă Lucie Aubrac
407:: Biography of a Ghost
395:
312:Outwitting the Gestapo
295:
131:(1939â2007; her death)
119:French Communist Party
1169:French schoolteachers
920:AFP (16 April 2012).
591:, pp. 1262â1278.
393:
290:
220:was named after her.
158:French pronunciation:
972:. London: Macmillan.
394:Lucie Aubrac in 2001
218:BagneuxâLucie Aubrac
37:Lucie Aubrac in 2003
1038:Rees, SiĂąn (2015).
844:The Daily Telegraph
805:, pp. 209â210.
245:La DerniĂšre Colonne
162:[lysiobÊak]
73:Issy-les-Moulineaux
758:The New York Times
484:The New York Times
396:
296:
1154:People from MĂącon
1103:978-2-262-02746-9
1062:978-1-935709-09-1
1013:978-0-7126-6584-1
990:978-0-230-50392-2
960:978-1-315-39609-5
703:on 22 August 2017
454:Salornay-sur-Guye
445:François Hollande
422:Charles de Gaulle
379:French historians
338:French Resistance
300:Charles de Gaulle
247:, later known as
230:French Resistance
175:French Resistance
143:
142:
104:French Resistance
85:Salornay-sur-Guye
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928:(in French). AFP
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858:"Raymond Aubrac"
854:
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840:"Raymond Aubrac"
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699:. Archived from
697:Voices Education
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635:
634:, pp. 136â.
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366:Aubrac Lyon 1943
333:
275:, the notorious
242:Resistance group
234:Clermont-Ferrand
172:
171:
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106:, member of the
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35:
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1032:Further reading
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690:
686:
682:, pp. 77â.
678:
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659:
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626:
616:
614:
612:The Independent
605:
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579:, 29 June 2012.
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477:
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437:Serge Klarsfeld
433:Nicolas Sarkozy
399:Patrick Marnham
356:In April 1997,
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115:Political party
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899:Jewish Journal
886:
875:
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819:
817:, p. 210.
807:
795:
783:
781:, p. 209.
771:
743:
727:"Lucie Aubrac"
714:
684:
672:
670:, p. 197.
657:
636:
624:
593:
589:Wieviorka 2013
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562:
543:
496:
464:
463:
461:
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375:General Giraud
358:Jacques VergĂšs
351:Carole Bouquet
349:, which stars
253:Jean CavaillĂšs
249:Libération-sud
225:
222:
189:Raymond Samuel
141:
140:
137:
133:
132:
129:Raymond Aubrac
126:
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112:
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102:Member of the
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69:(aged 94)
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1000:The Death of
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680:Chiaroni 2016
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403:The Death of
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152:and known as
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105:
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99:Occupation(s)
97:
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81:Resting place
79:
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65:14 March 2007
64:
60:
55:
47:Lucie Bernard
45:
41:
34:
29:
22:
19:
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1094:Lucie Aubrac
1093:
1081:. Retrieved
1074:
1052:
1048:
1039:
1022:
999:
979:
969:
949:
930:. Retrieved
925:
915:
903:. Retrieved
898:
889:
878:
866:. Retrieved
861:
852:
843:
834:
827:Marnham 2001
822:
815:Clinton 2002
810:
803:Clinton 2002
798:
791:Clinton 2002
786:
779:Clinton 2002
774:
762:. Retrieved
756:
746:
734:. Retrieved
730:
705:. Retrieved
701:the original
696:
687:
675:
652:Deseret News
651:
627:
615:. Retrieved
611:
584:
565:
557:The Guardian
556:
546:
534:. Retrieved
531:The Guardian
530:
487:. Retrieved
483:
430:
419:
410:
402:
397:
382:
370:
365:
362:Klaus Barbie
355:
346:Lucie Aubrac
344:
342:
329:
323:
316:Klaus Barbie
311:
309:
297:
281:Vichy France
273:Klaus Barbie
269:
264:
244:
227:
210:Claude Berri
205:Lucie Aubrac
203:
201:
182:
179:World War II
154:Lucie Aubrac
153:
149:
146:Lucie Samuel
145:
144:
67:(2007-03-14)
50:29 June 1912
25:Lucie Aubrac
18:
1149:2007 deaths
1144:1912 births
1006:. Pimlico.
1002:Jean Moulin
668:Bowles 2011
570:(in French)
452:village of
426:Ho Chi Minh
405:Jean Moulin
320:Jean Moulin
305:Ho Chi Minh
292:Ho Chi Minh
240:formed the
214:Paris MĂ©tro
91:Nationality
1138:Categories
1076:Libération
905:15 January
868:15 January
862:The Herald
764:15 January
736:15 January
632:Lloyd 2003
617:15 January
536:15 January
489:15 January
460:References
450:Burgundian
431:President
384:Libération
265:Libération
184:agrégation
1112:cite book
1096:. Paris.
559:. London.
415:Communism
298:In 1944,
279:chief in
257:Perpignan
193:communist
932:12 March
216:station
136:Children
75:, France
56:, France
731:Variety
277:Gestapo
150:Bernard
1100:
1059:
1010:
987:
957:
707:4 June
261:Cannes
224:Career
212:. The
125:Spouse
94:French
1083:3 May
926:L'Obs
232:. In
54:MĂącon
1118:link
1098:ISBN
1085:2007
1057:ISBN
1008:ISBN
985:ISBN
955:ISBN
934:2023
907:2018
870:2018
766:2018
738:2018
709:2016
619:2018
538:2018
491:2018
259:and
62:Died
43:Born
208:by
177:in
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1110:{{
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
