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Lucy Russell, Countess of Bedford

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47: 315: 523:. Bedford occasionally wrote poems herself, including a poem Donne claims he saw in the garden of her Twickenham estate. Only one of her poems is extant, "Death be not proud, thy hand gave not this blow", an epitaph on Bulstrode. This poem has been attributed to Donne, and suggestively shares an opening clause with his 511:
Bedford was the godmother of Donne's second daughter, also named Lucy, and the namesake of Sir Henry Goodere's daughter (later wife of Sir Francis Nethersole). Donne seems to have been deeply involved with her on a psychological level — "Most of the poems of Donne's middle years relate, in one way or
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dedicated a book on fruit and vegetables to her. She described her building and improvements at Moor Park in a letter to a friend; "my works att the More, whear I have been a patcher this sommer and I am still adding some trifles of pleasure to that place I am so much love with, as I were so fond of
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wrote that she came back to the royal court, but affected by grief she used less cosmetics than the other women at court, "Marry, she is somewhat reformed in her attire, and forebears painting, which they say makes her somewhat strange among so many vizards, which together with their frizzled
516:, and supported many Calvinist authors and thinkers – yet she allegedly performed bare-breasted in Court masques. Her relationships with some of her poets, including Donne and Drayton, were sometimes uneven; poets who dedicated their works to her could also complain of the loss of her favour. 699:
in September 1618 that confined her to bed and disrupted her travel plans. Bedford thought it had weakened her, and she appeared "dangerously ill". Bedford wrote to Lady Cornwallis that she would now be more often at court because of the queen's illness than she had intended.
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She was apparently absent from the queen's company for a part of 1605 and 1606, around the time Anne of Denmark had her last daughter Sophia, and had perhaps been sent away in disfavour. When Anne of Denmark asked her to come back, and Bedford danced for her, according to
185:. Although the exact date of her birth is unknown, she was christened on January 25, 1581. She was well-educated for a woman in her era, and knew French, Spanish, and Italian. She was a member of the Sidney/Essex circle from birth, through her father, first cousin to Sir 251:
Several English nobles secretly sent representatives into Scotland to try to gain favour and court appointments. The Countess of Bedford audaciously skipped the late queen's funeral and rode hard to the Scottish border, ahead of a party of gentlewomen appointed by the
707:. Lady Bedford reportedly had debts of £50,000 in 1619, apart from the Earl's massive indebtedness, and despite a royal grant of duties from sea coal, made plans to sell lands inherited from her father and brother, including 527:; nevertheless, it is now considered much more likely to be Bedford's poem. The elegy has an image of Bulstrode's breast as a crystal palace and the repository of her soul, clearer than the crystal; 595:
As one of the most influential women at James's court, she was also involved in a range of political issues; in the later part of the reign she was among the most prominent supporters of
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Roxburghe was dismissed from the queen's court soon after this christening, and Bedford seems to have absented herself at this time in sympathy with her friend. She wrote to her friend
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with a convoy of English ladies who had come seeking attendance and on 31 May 1603 attended church in Edinburgh accompanied by these would-be companions. Some of the ladies stayed at
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who left "no posterity" (line 59) — yet since the poem was published in 1601, when the Countess was only twenty years old, the identification has struck others as unlikely.
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Prominent as she was, both Bedford and her husband had serious financial problems throughout their lives. In 1618 she transferred her shares in the Bermuda Company to the
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the queen laughed and said, "her brother of Denmark was as handsome a man as the duke of Holstein". The remark may mean that Bedford had been involved with the
741:. The oval medal show her in profile wearing a coronet and a feathered aigrette jewel. The reverse has a snake catching its tail or protecting its head, an " 174: 97: 1662: 1564:
Images of manuscripts of poems including the Countess of Bedford's Elegy for Bridget Markham, Michelle O'Callaghan, Early Modern Women Research Network
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Her husband, the Earl of Bedford fell from his horse in July 1613 and was seriously injured. The Countess gave up a plan to travel to
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She was a significant figure in the development of English country-house and garden design, centering on her estates at
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another, to this glamorous and intriguing woman." Her contradictions could be provocative: the Countess was a dedicated
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scandal, he wrote a letter to an unknown lady, who is thought by some scholars to have been the Countess of Bedford.
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Lucy, Countess of Bedford died in the same month as her husband, May 1627. None of their children survived infancy.
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and Scotland in August 1600. The Earl of Bedford got himself into serious trouble in 1601 when he rode with the
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eras, the primary non-royal performer in contemporary court masques, a letter-writer, and a poet. She was an
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that blinded her in one eye, and in 1620 treated her for depression which he recorded as "hypochondriacus".
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identified the Countess of Bedford as an influential courtier, and gave her a gold watch set with diamonds.
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to her, extolling her patronage. By his own admission, Jonson portrayed her as Ethra in his lost pastoral,
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Drawing by Isaac Oliver for a miniature portrait of the Countess of Bedford, Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge
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Vivian Bearing refers to herself as Lucy, Countess of Bedford on one occasion in Margaret Edson's play
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Michelle O'Callaghan, 'Lucy Russell: British Library Harley 4064', Early Modern Women Research Network
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Karen Hearn, 'Lucy Harington, Countess of Bedford, as Art Patron and Collector', Edward Chaney,
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Karen Hearn, 'Lucy Harington, Countess of Bedford, as Art Patron and Collector', Edward Chaney,
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powdered hair makes them look all alike, so you can scant know one from another at first view."
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A few scholars have identified the Earl and Countess of Bedford as the allegorised couple in
508:. She "received more dedications than any other woman associated with the drama" in her era. 797: 658: 520: 416: 296: 162: 948: 696: 689: 575: 538: 500:(1604). Bedford patronised a range of lesser writers of her era, including the translator 469: 400: 269: 265: 257: 142: 121: 812:
Misha Ewen, 'Women Investors and the Virginia Company in the Early Seventeenth Century',
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on 6 January 1605 as "Aglaia" one of the three graces. The masque marked the creation of
17: 449:— though he may also have depicted her as Lady Haughty, president of the Collegiates in 1514: 738: 666: 627: 477: 468:
In addition to Jonson, Bedford supported other significant poets of her era, including
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While best remembered for her patronage of writers, Bedford also supported musicians,
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is said to have taught French to Elizabeth of Bohemia. The other godparents were the
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Miniature by Isaac Oliver of the Countess of Bedford, Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge
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Marion O'Connor, 'Godly Patronage', Johanna Harris & Elizabeth Scott-Baumann,
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Marion O'Connor, 'Godly Patronage', Johanna Harris & Elizabeth Scott-Baumann,
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A Jacobean Company and its Playhouse: The Queen's Servants at the Red Bull Theatre
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Keith Brown, 'The Scottish Aristocracy, Anglicisation and the Court, 1603-1638',
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Memorials of the Discovery and Early Settlement of The Bermudas or Somers Islands
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The Making of an Imperial Polity: Civility and America in the Jacobean Metropolis
208:, on 12 December 1594, when she was thirteen years old and he was twenty-two, at 1458: 1075: 968: 501: 457: 412: 379: 323: 319: 314: 190: 1541:. "Lucy, Countess of Bedford: Images of a Jacobean Courtier and Patroness." In 364:(1604). On two occasions she functioned as a theatrical producer, described as 141:; 1581–1627) was a major aristocratic patron of the arts and literature in the 770: 481: 432: 387: 134: 836: 742: 513: 1173: 945:
Anna of Denmark and Henrietta Maria, Virgins, Witches, and Catholic Queens
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that Roxburghe's absence in Scotland "makes me perfectly hate the court".
287:. There were now a great number of English ladies following the queen. At 749:. A silver example of the medal came to light in 1981 and is held by the 723: 669:
in July 1617. In 1617 she was godmother of Elizabeth Gordon, daughter of
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Patron of the arts and literature in the Elizabethan and Jacobean periods
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Around the year 1625, Lady Bedford commissioned a portrait medal from
240:. The Bedford fortunes revived after the death of Elizabeth I and the 331: 973:
From Tudor to Stewart: the regime change from Elizabeth I to James I
745:". Bedford may have been introduced to Briot by the royal physician 957:
Out of the Shadows: The Life of Lucy, Countess, Countess of Bedford
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The Countess of Bedford travelled south with Anne of Denmark and
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was created Viscount Buckingham. She visited Anne of Denmark at
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being a noteworthy example. She is the dedicatee of Dowland's
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Bedford certainly wrote an elegy on the death of her cousin
504:, who credited her help in his translation of the essays of 201:, and the latter named one of her daughters Lucy after her. 256:, and got an audience in Scotland with the new king's wife 1526:
Out of the Shadows: The Life of Lucy, Countess of Bedford.
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She was also receptive to women poets, such as her cousin
1007:, p. 134 no. 90, now British Library Add. MS 19401 f.185. 866:
Out of the Shadows: The Life of Lucy, Countess of Bedford
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Anne of Denmark, Queen of England: A Cultural Biography.
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and she became a trusted confidant. The queen came from
618:. Bedford probably arranged the marriage of her cousin 599:, who had been brought up in her father's household at 228:
Lucy and the Earl seem to have been expected to visit
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Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press, 2001.
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Dudley Carleton to John Chamberlain: Jacobean Letters
212:. She miscarried her first child in February 1596 at 1236:, 36:3 (September 1993), pp. 543-576, at 546, 551-2. 943:(Cambridge, 2013), pp. 119-120: Susan Dunn-Hensley, 1043:
Anne Clifford's Autobiographical Writing, 1590-1676
113: 103: 93: 83: 73: 65: 53: 32: 1208:The Private Correspondence of Jane Lady Cornwallis 1045:(Manchester, 2018), pp. 18-20: Katherine Acheson, 928:James I of England: The Wisest Fool in Christendom 1553:. Berkeley, University of California Press, 1987. 1330:Genealogical history of the Earldom of Sutherland 766:(2011), a historical novel by Christie Dickason. 484:. She might be the "Idea" of Drayton's pastoral 407:A drawing for her costume as Penthesilea in the 1064:Mémoire des sages et royales oeconomies d'Estat 842:, bermuda-online.org. Accessed 14 January 2023. 1502:Textual Patronage in English Drama, 1570–1640. 1112:, vol. 2 (Philadelphia, 1939), pp. 51, 55, 57. 854:, HamiltonParish.bm. Accessed 14 January 2023. 533:The clearer soule was call'd to endlesse rest. 1410:, 2 (London: Colburn, 1849), pp. 194–95, 322. 1047:The Memoir of 1603 and the Diary of 1616-1619 8: 975:(Oxford, 2024), p. 120: John Leeds Barroll, 905:, vol. 2 (Edinburgh, 1896), p. 678 no. 1221. 193:; she was a close friend of Essex's sisters 98:John Harington, 1st Baron Harington of Exton 1423:, 2nd series vol. 3 (London, 1827), p. 247. 531:From out the Christall Pallace of her brest 441:(1600) to her and addressed several of his 868:. London: Hambledon Continuum. p. 1. 45: 29: 1395:The Intellectual Culture of Puritan Women 1343:The Intellectual Culture of Puritan Women 657:In August 1616 she was with the court at 404:, was staged by the Countess of Bedford. 299:, and brought her to Dingley on 24 June. 199:Dorothy Percy, Countess of Northumberland 1436:, 2 (London: Colburn, 1849), pp. 179–80. 1432:Thomas Birch & Folkestone Williams, 1406:Thomas Birch & Folkestone Williams, 1519:Early Modern Women Poets: An Anthology. 1382:Correspondence of Lady Cornwallis Bacon 1356:Correspondence of Lady Cornwallis Bacon 785: 173:Lucy Harington was the daughter of Sir 1521:Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2001. 1290:The Court and times of James the First 955:(Oxford, 2021), p. 28: Lesley Lawson, 1315:William Shaw & G. Dyfnallt Owen, 1302:William Shaw & G. Dyfnallt Owen, 1049:(Broadview, Toronto, 2006), pp. 50-1. 926:Clara Steeholm & Hardy Steeholm, 133: 7: 1017:A Chronicle of the Kings of Scotland 683:Jean Drummond, Countess of Roxburghe 330:Bedford performed in several of the 1467:The Evolution of English Collecting 1317:HMC 77 Viscount De L'Isle Penshurst 1304:HMC 77 Viscount De L'Isle Penshurst 1123:The Evolution of English Collecting 1097:The Evolution of English Collecting 1084:The Evolution of English Collecting 947:(Palgrave Macmillan, 2017), p. 79: 695:Anne of Denmark had a nosebleed at 206:Edward Russell, 3rd Earl of Bedford 88:Edward Russell, 3rd Earl of Bedford 1663:17th-century women philanthropists 1582:Information from Twickenham Museum 1434:Court and Times of James the First 1408:Court and Times of James the First 1319:, vol. 5 (London, 1961), p. 411-2. 1287:& Robert Folkestone Williams, 661:, the only countess present, when 488:(1593) and of his sonnet sequence 371:The Vision of the Twelve Goddesses 361:The Vision of the Twelve Goddesses 25: 1062:, vol. 2 (London, 1890), p. 421: 977:Anna of Denmark, Queen of England 959:(London: Hambledon, 2007), p. 49. 953:Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Hearts 722:. In 1619 he treated her for the 496:(1594) to her, as Daniel did his 386:. In February 1617 the masque by 130:Lucy Russell, Countess of Bedford 1449:(London, 2007), pp. 149-51, 155. 1371:, vol. 3 (London, 1828), p. 493. 1306:, vol. 5 (London, 1961), p. 408. 1292:, vol. 1 (London, 1848), p. 262. 1066:, (Amsterdam, 1639), pp. 271–72. 1032:, vol. 1 (London, 1828), p. 174. 979:(Philadelphia, 2001), pp. 43-45. 816:, 62:4 (December 2019), p. 859: 671:Sir Robert Gordon of Gordonstoun 368:of the New Year masque in 1604, 1479:Fitzwilliam Museum CM.2111-2003 1110:The Letters of John Chamberlain 762:Lucy Russell is the subject of 673:and Louisa Gordon whose mother 322:for the Countess of Bedford by 915:Journal of Sir Roger Wilbraham 825:, vol. 1 (London, 1877), p. 99 587:any man I were in hard case." 498:Vision of the Twelve Goddesses 492:(1594). Drayton dedicated his 415:survives in the collection at 1: 1633:17th-century English nobility 1628:16th-century English nobility 1533:Ben Jonson: A Critical Study. 1369:Progresses of James the First 1249:(New Brunswick, 1972), p. 90. 1058:Maximilien de Béthune Sully, 1030:Progresses of James the First 991:Fragments of Scottish History 751:Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge 210:St Dunstan's on Stepney Green 1658:Household of Anne of Denmark 1648:17th-century philanthropists 1509:John Donne: The Major Works. 1195:Food in Early Modern England 1060:Memoirs of the Duke of Sully 993:(Edinburgh, 1798), pp. 59-60 541:at Twickenham Park in 1609. 486:Idea: The Shepherd's Garland 892:(London, 2007), pp. 19, 28. 747:Theodore Turquet de Mayerne 718:noted she had "podagra" or 675:Geneviève Petau de Maulette 334:staged at court, including 318:Drawing for the costume of 244:in 1603, when the reign of 236:in rebellion against Queen 1679: 1623:17th-century English women 1618:16th-century English women 1384:(Cranbury NJ, 2003) p. 93. 1358:(Cranbury NJ, 2003) p. 88. 1332:(Edinburgh, 1813), p. 343. 1275:(London, 2007), pp. 121-2. 1262:(London, 2007), pp. 66-68. 1223:(London, 2007), pp. 61-63. 1019:(Edinburgh, 1830), p. 168. 796:(Cambridge, 2020), p. 42. 563:The Phoenix and the Turtle 431:She was a noted patron of 302:The French ambassador the 191:Mary, Countess of Pembroke 930:(New York, 1938), p. 245. 903:Calendar of Border Papers 839:Bermuda's Hamilton Parish 606:Bedford took part in the 435:, who dedicated his play 394:to the French ambassador 289:Dingley, Northamptonshire 44: 39: 18:Lucy, Countess of Bedford 1638:Ladies of the Bedchamber 1528:London, Continuum, 2007. 1469:(Yale, 2003), pp. 230-2. 1397:(Palgrave, 2011), p. 73. 1345:(Palgrave, 2011), p. 74. 224:Courting Anne of Denmark 1535:New Delhi, Anmol, 2002. 1500:Bergeron, David Moore. 1108:Norman Egbert McClure, 864:Lawson, Lesley (2007). 337:The Masque of Blackness 291:she rode south to meet 204:Lucy Harington married 1543:Politics of Discourse, 1504:London, Ashgate, 2006. 1234:The Historical Journal 1210:(London, 1842), p. 48. 1197:(London, 2007), p. 67. 917:(London, 1902), p. 55. 535: 327: 262:Lady of the Bedchamber 260:. Anne made Bedford a 169:Parentage and marriage 118:Lady of the Bedchamber 1643:Patrons of literature 1513:Davidson, Peter, and 1493:Barroll, John Leeds. 1125:(Yale, 2003), p. 224. 1099:(Yale, 2003), p. 222. 1086:(Yale, 2003), p. 224. 802:10.1017/9781108625227 529: 317: 153:(shareholder) in the 714:The court physician 705:Marquess of Hamilton 597:Elizabeth of Bohemia 582:. An Italian writer 551:Second Book of Songs 355:The Masque of Queens 349:The Masque of Beauty 276:house in Edinburgh. 165:is named after her. 155:Somers Isles Company 1613:Daughters of barons 1184:See external links. 716:Théodore de Mayerne 608:Masque of Blackness 584:Giacomo Castelvetro 242:Union of the Crowns 40:Countess of Bedford 1608:English countesses 1447:Out of the Shadows 1273:Out of the Shadows 1260:Out of the Shadows 1221:Out of the Shadows 1041:Jessica L. Malay, 890:Out of the Shadows 814:Historical Journal 764:The Noble Assassin 620:Mary Sutton Dudley 376:Cupid's Banishment 328: 293:Lady Anne Clifford 285:Princess Elizabeth 230:Berwick-upon-Tweed 1551:Steven N. 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676: 672: 668: 664: 660: 655: 652: 648: 643: 641: 637: 631: 629: 625: 621: 617: 613: 609: 604: 602: 598: 590: 588: 585: 581: 577: 572: 568: 566: 564: 560: 559:Shakespeare's 555: 553: 552: 547: 542: 540: 534: 528: 526: 525:Holy Sonnet X 522: 517: 515: 509: 507: 503: 499: 495: 494:Mortimeriados 491: 490:Idea's Mirror 487: 483: 479: 475: 474:Samuel Daniel 471: 466: 462: 460: 459: 454: 453: 448: 444: 440: 439: 434: 429: 422: 420: 418: 414: 410: 405: 403: 402: 397: 396:Baron de Tour 393: 390:presented by 389: 385: 381: 377: 373: 372: 367: 363: 362: 357: 356: 351: 350: 345: 344: 339: 338: 333: 325: 321: 316: 309: 307: 305: 300: 298: 295:, perhaps at 294: 290: 286: 282: 277: 275: 271: 267: 263: 259: 255: 254:Privy Council 249: 247: 243: 239: 235: 234:Earl of Essex 231: 223: 221: 219: 215: 214:Bedford House 211: 207: 202: 200: 196: 195:Penelope Rich 192: 188: 187:Robert Sidney 184: 180: 176: 168: 166: 164: 160: 156: 152: 148: 144: 140: 136: 131: 123: 119: 116: 112: 109: 106: 102: 99: 96: 92: 89: 86: 82: 78: 76: 72: 68: 64: 56: 52: 48: 43: 38: 31: 19: 1547:Kevin Sharpe 1542: 1532: 1525: 1518: 1508: 1501: 1494: 1474: 1466: 1454: 1446: 1441: 1433: 1428: 1420: 1415: 1407: 1402: 1394: 1389: 1381: 1376: 1368: 1363: 1355: 1350: 1342: 1337: 1329: 1324: 1316: 1311: 1303: 1298: 1289: 1285:Thomas Birch 1280: 1272: 1267: 1259: 1254: 1246: 1241: 1233: 1228: 1220: 1215: 1207: 1202: 1194: 1193:Joan Thirsk, 1189: 1180: 1169: 1157: 1148: 1139: 1130: 1122: 1117: 1109: 1104: 1096: 1091: 1083: 1071: 1063: 1059: 1054: 1046: 1042: 1037: 1029: 1024: 1016: 1012: 1004: 999: 990: 984: 976: 972: 964: 956: 952: 944: 940: 935: 927: 922: 914: 910: 902: 897: 889: 884: 865: 859: 847: 838: 832: 822: 813: 808: 793: 788: 771: 763: 736: 728: 713: 709:Coombe Abbey 702: 694: 687: 656: 647:Spa, Belgium 644: 632: 624:Earl of Home 616:Duke of York 607: 605: 601:Coombe Abbey 594: 570: 569: 561: 556: 549: 546:John Dowland 543: 536: 530: 518: 510: 497: 493: 489: 485: 464: 463: 456: 451: 447:The May Lord 446: 442: 436: 427: 426: 408: 406: 399: 375: 369: 366:rector chori 365: 359: 353: 347: 341: 335: 329: 301: 281:Prince Henry 278: 250: 227: 203: 183:Anne Keilway 172: 150: 138: 129: 128: 108:Anne Keilway 75:Noble family 34:Lucy Russell 1603:1627 deaths 1598:1580 births 1459:Karen Hearn 1076:Karen Hearn 969:Susan Doran 502:John Florio 458:Eastward Ho 413:Inigo Jones 380:Ladies Hall 324:Inigo Jones 320:Penthesilea 220:in London. 143:Elizabethan 1592:Categories 1488:References 757:In fiction 482:John Donne 433:Ben Jonson 388:Ben Jonson 151:adventurer 114:Occupation 743:ouroboros 580:Moor Park 514:Calvinist 506:Montaigne 423:Patronage 238:Elizabeth 139:Harington 84:Spouse(s) 79:Harington 724:smallpox 697:Oatlands 554:(1600). 443:Epigrams 392:Lord Hay 384:Deptford 352:(1608), 346:(1606), 343:Hymenaei 340:(1605), 310:Masquing 161:, where 147:Jacobean 1545:ed. by 1517:, eds. 852:Profile 571:Gardens 452:Epicene 332:masques 248:began. 246:James I 216:on the 159:Bermuda 872:  628:Strand 591:Career 480:, and 465:Others 428:Jonson 398:, the 358:, and 218:Strand 181:, and 104:Mother 94:Father 780:Notes 179:Exton 1549:and 870:ISBN 720:gout 681:and 578:and 283:and 197:and 189:and 145:and 69:1627 66:Died 61:1581 54:Born 798:doi 772:Wit 614:as 411:by 382:in 268:to 177:of 135:née 120:to 1594:: 1465:, 1082:, 971:, 951:, 820:, 753:. 711:. 685:. 603:. 476:, 472:, 419:. 1584:. 1578:. 1572:. 1566:. 1164:. 878:. 827:. 800:: 775:. 565:, 326:. 132:( 20:)

Index

Lucy, Countess of Bedford

Noble family
Edward Russell, 3rd Earl of Bedford
John Harington, 1st Baron Harington of Exton
Anne Keilway
Lady of the Bedchamber
Anne of Denmark
née
Elizabethan
Jacobean
Somers Isles Company
Bermuda
Harrington Sound
John Harington
Exton
Anne Keilway
Robert Sidney
Mary, Countess of Pembroke
Penelope Rich
Dorothy Percy, Countess of Northumberland
Edward Russell, 3rd Earl of Bedford
St Dunstan's on Stepney Green
Bedford House
Strand
Berwick-upon-Tweed
Earl of Essex
Elizabeth
Union of the Crowns
James I

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