349:
337:
586:
577:
44:
451:â an elevation of 4,158 m (13,642 ft). There they collected some high-altitude lichens found growing on exposed rocks; these specimens were later sent to Schaerer for further study. He determined that several of the species were already known from other alpine locations, but a new species he named
534:, on the anatomy and reproduction of lichens, and even undertook to observe the results by microscopic observations. His rapidly worsening bowel disease forced him to suspend his work. Schaerer died in his sleep, surrounded by his family, in Belp on February 3, 1853, at the age of 67 years and 8 months.
480:
of each genus. Because of the simple and natural classification proposed, and the precise and clear descriptions of the taxa, the work was well received by his contemporaries. As was noted more than a century later, this classification system was the last based mainly on external anatomy, without any
438:
In 1836, Schaerer exchanged the post of orphanage administrator in
Lauperswil for that of Belp, which brought him closer to Bern and his friends. He continued his frequent excursions in the surroundings and the neighbouring Alps, and was often visited and accompanied by foreign scholars. His contacts
501:
were prevalent at the time â flaws that would not be resolved until better lenses were available in the 1830s. Schaerer's own observations on lichen structure were consequently of limited utility. For example, in a short paper published in 1820, although he correctly reported that the lichen thallus
1097:
Various alternative forms and spellings for
Schaerer's first and last names have been used in the literature. These include: Schaerer, Ludov. Emanuel; Schaer, Ludwig Emanuel; Schaerer, Ludovicus E.; Scheerer, Ludovicus E.; Schaerer, Ludovicus Emanuel; SchÀrer, Ludwig Emanuel; Schaer, Ludovicus
546:
wrote: "SchÀrer was a man of sublime character, adorned with a loving soul, therefore full of goodwill towards his fellow men, deeply loved by his family and all who had recognized these precious qualities in him." In a description of
Schaerer's lichen exsiccata at the herbarium at the
374:
In 1817, Schaerer married Rosina Henzi, the daughter of Rudolf Jakob, a
Bernese businessman. Their marriage resulted in a son and four daughters. It was around this time that he began publishing the results of his research. In 1819 he was administrator of the bourgeois
541:
wrote of his character: "The uprightness of his character, the kindness of his heart and the great modesty with which he spoke of his own knowledge, leave a memory of regret and affection in all who lived in his privacy".
643:
considers
Schaerer's output to mark the end of the "classic period" (dating before 1800 to 1840) where the Swiss lichen flora was still in its early days of documentation, and use of the microscope was not yet prevalent.
522:, Schaerer began another book of lichen exsiccati, but soon his health started to deteriorate. He complained of a weakening of memory, which made his work laborious. However, he followed with interest the new research of
1153:
SchÀrer war ein Mann von erhabenem
Charakter, mit liebreicher Seele geziert, daher voll Wohlwollen gegen seine Mitmenschen, innig bedauert von den Seinigen und Allen, welche diese köstlichen Eigenschaften in ihm erkannt
1137:
La droiture de son caractÚre, la bonté de son coeur et la grande modestie avec laquelle il parlait de ses propres connaissances, laissent un souvenir de regret et d'affection chez tous ceux qui vivaient dans son
555:
wrote "Segments of sentences in Latin, reminds us that he was one of those many clergymen who were passionate about lichenology". As of 1979, Schaerer's herbarium collections were mostly held at the
244:
ministry in 1808. During this time, he had not forgotten about botany, and devoted his leisure time to its study. Because of the vastness of the field, he decided to specialize in the study of
493:, and doubted the usefulness of using the microscope to determine generic placement among the lichens. His skepticism towards microscopy is understandable considering that the defects of
664:. He noted that in general, Schaerer published "many valuable observations on the morphology and reproductive structures of these lichens", but that "with regard to the delimitation of
224:
was later enhanced through his association with several botanists that lived in his home town. Despite his interests, he thought he had to obey the wishes of his parents and pursue an
556:
308:) in Bern, but he kept up his botanical research as much as his other duties would allow. During his annual vacations, he would make collecting trips to the Alps, particularly to
328:
initially helped him with identifying his collections. Schaerer was one of the founders of the Bern
Society of Natural Sciences (Naturforschende Gesellschaft in Bern) in 1815.
1508:
Son travail minutieux, oĂč reviennent des segments de phrases en latin, nous rappelle quil Ă©tait un de ces nombreux ecclĂ©siastiques qui se sont passionnĂ©s pour la lichenologie.
481:
consideration of spore structure. Schaerer had made known his thoughts regarding the use of microscopic characters as taxonomic characters in previous criticism of works by
168:("Anthology of Swiss Lichens"), published in 12 parts from 1823 to 1842. This series catalogued and described the lichens of Switzerland, particularly those in the
439:
sometimes afforded him access to specimens from exotic or otherwise inaccessible locales. For example, in 1841, the already famous paleontologist and glaciologist
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1054:
472:, with the aim of comparing the vegetation of these mountains with that of the Alps. Enriched with his new observations, Schaerer began the publication of his
269:
1400:
1779:
1068:
1698:
1274:
1336:
1266:
Taxonomic literature: A selective guide to botanical publications and collections with dates, commentaries and types. Volume V: SalâSte
548:
1202:
1181:
236:. He trained as a teacher and studied theology in Bern. From 1806 to 1808 he was a teacher at a primary school in Bern. He was
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640:
486:
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324:. These trips began in 1807 and continued almost uninterruptedly until near the end of his life. Both Nicolas Seringe and
273:
293:
1210:
1108:
SchĂ€rer, L.Em. (1820). "Ăber den Bau des thallus der
Flechten" [On the structure of the thallus of lichens].
325:
1774:
1110:
Naturwissenschaftlicher
Anzeiger der Allgemeinen Schweizerischen Gesellschaft fĂŒr die Gesammten Naturwissenschaften
160:
director, and pastor, he researched extensively and maintained correspondence with foreign botanists interested in
616:
538:
408:
285:
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216:; his mother's name was Magdalena Rudolf. From a young age, Schaerer was interested in investigating the native
811:
502:
could comprise several superimposed layers, he misinterpreted the nature of the green cells in the lichen (the
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118:
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878:
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779:
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694:
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560:
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173:
806:
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857:
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391:. Schaerer researched extensively and maintained correspondence with foreign botanists interested in
304:. Upon his return to Switzerland in 1814, Schaerer became a high school teacher and vice-principal (
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1236:
1232:
648:
506:
algal cells), calling them "globules" that he erroneously believed could function independently as
1582:
1540:
1447:
1048:
788:
735:
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404:
1470:"The inside story: a commentary on the study of lichen structure in the 18th and 19th centuries"
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595:
305:
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1532:
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585:
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296:. In particular, Flörke helped him with his study of lichens. Schaerer also traveled to the
229:
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1693:. Bibliotheca Lichenologica (in German). Vol. 107. Stuttgart: J. Cramer. p. 101.
1565:(1976). "Lichen material of L. E. Schaerer in the herbarium of the University of Glasgow".
773:
628:
523:
221:
145:
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1269:. Vol. 5 (2nd ed.). Utrecht: Bohn, Scheltema & Holkema. pp. 108â111.
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901:. Vol. 1. Sumtibus Auctoris Excudebat Officina Halleriana. pp. iâiv, 1â52.
415:, which was published in 12 sections from 1823 to 1842. He simultaneously published
1520:
1303:"Biographische Notizen: Ludwig von SchÀrer, geschildert von H. J. Guthnick in Bern"
668:
species, their variation and nomenclature, he appears to have been very confused".
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995:
984:
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1022:. Vol. 2. Sumtibus Auctoris Excudebat Officina Halleriana. pp. 552â632.
1011:. Vol. 2. Sumtibus Auctoris Excudebat Officina Halleriana. pp. 511â551.
1000:. Vol. 2. Sumtibus Auctoris Excudebat Officina Halleriana. pp. 453â510.
989:. Vol. 2. Sumtibus Auctoris Excudebat Officina Halleriana. pp. 413â452.
978:. Vol. 2. Sumtibus Auctoris Excudebat Officina Halleriana. pp. 381â412.
967:. Vol. 1. Sumtibus Auctoris Excudebat Officina Halleriana. pp. 321â380.
956:. Vol. 1. Sumtibus Auctoris Excudebat Officina Halleriana. pp. 263â320.
945:. Vol. 1. Sumtibus Auctoris Excudebat Officina Halleriana. pp. 207â262.
934:. Vol. 1. Sumtibus Auctoris Excudebat Officina Halleriana. pp. 157â206.
923:. Vol. 1. Sumtibus Auctoris Excudebat Officina Halleriana. pp. 101â156.
489:. He censured the abandonment of the old system of classification established by
912:. Vol. 1. Sumtibus Auctoris Excudebat Officina Halleriana. pp. 53â100.
660:
400:
476:("Enumeration of the European lichens"), an illustrated work that depicted the
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series he continued working on until his death. By the time of his death, 650
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1037:————————— (1850).
1016:————————— (1842).
1005:————————— (1842).
994:————————— (1840).
983:————————— (1840).
972:————————— (1839).
961:————————— (1836).
950:————————— (1833).
939:————————— (1833).
928:————————— (1833).
917:————————— (1828).
906:————————— (1826).
841:
711:
317:
1401:"Lichenes Helvetici exsiccati. Editio I: IndExs ExsiccataID=976961791"
605:(right) are two of several lichen species named after Ludwig Schaerer.
1523:(1979). "Deceased lichenologists: their abbreviations and herbaria".
689:
639:
series in 1973. In his analysis of the history of Swiss lichenology,
321:
276:
from 1811 to 1812. There he met several prominent botanists, such as
245:
209:
205:
185:
1381:
Fischer, L. (1855). "Louis-Emmanuel SchÀrer, notice biographique".
253:
217:
181:
1638:"Les annĂ©es 80â90, une periode faste pour la lichĂ©nologie suisse"
176:
excursions. In another series, he compiled and distributed dried
1496:"Les herbiers de Lichens de l'Institut Botanique de Montpellier"
1177:
740:
388:
297:
249:
197:
169:
153:
86:
67:
658:
analysed
Schaerer's contribution to the knowledge of the genus
252:, and which were relatively little known compared to the plant
148:
from a young age, Schaerer trained as a teacher and studied
626:) and brief biography of Schaerer appeared in the journal
688:
honours Schaerer. He has also had several lichen species
268:
A travel grant enabled him to visit the Universities of
180:
specimens acquired from his collections. Several lichen
1233:"Schaerer, Ludwig Emanuel (Louis-Emmanuel) (1785-1853)"
1178:"Schaerer, Ludwig Emanuel (Louis-Emmanuel) (1785-1853)"
557:
Conservatory and Botanical Garden of the City of Geneva
1714:
Hertel, Hannes; GĂ€rtner, Georg; LĆkös, LĂĄszlĂł (2017).
1383:
Actes de la Société helvétique des sciences naturelles
1255:
1253:
1074:
Commons:Category:NeuchĂątel Herbarium Schaerer Project
443:
led a group that climbed to the peak of the mountain
411:. He undertook the publication of an extensive work,
1691:
Gattungseponyme bei Flechten und Lichenicolen Pilzen
164:. Schaerer was best known for his multi-volume work
1307:
Flora (Regensburg) (Flora, oder Botanische Zeitung)
117:
109:
94:
75:
53:
34:
1718:[Investigators of Austria's lichen flora]
364:was a succession of sets of herbarium specimens (
1463:
1461:
468:The summer of 1847 was devoted to a trip to the
200:. His father, Johann Rudolf, was a professor of
1376:
379:in Bern. From 1826 to 1836, he was a pastor in
228:career, and he devoted himself to the study of
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1360:
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1296:
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196:Ludwig Schaerer was born on June 11, 1785, in
1426:Hestmark, Geir (2015). "Lectotypification of
8:
1151:
1135:
1076:â contains images of many specimens in the
1029:, fasc. 1â26, nos. 1â650. Bern 1823â1852. (
537:In his obituary of Schaerer, his colleague
1203:"Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek"
1053:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
42:
31:
1617:
1602:"HIâIAPT Portraits of Botanists, no. 49"
220:of his home town. His early interest in
1716:"Forscher an Ăsterreichs Flechtenflora"
1169:
1090:
1040:Enumeratio critica lichenum europaeorum
474:Enumeratio Critica Lichenum Europaeorum
465:means "maiden" or "virgin" in German).
136:(11 June 1785 â 3 February 1853) was a
1098:Emanuel; and Louis-Emmanuel Schaerer.
1069:Category:Taxa named by Ludwig Schaerer
1046:
1335:Historische Lexikon der Schweiz HLS (
1324:
1322:
1320:
48:Lithograph of Ludwig Schaerer in 1850
7:
1337:Historical Dictionary of Switzerland
248:, which were abundant in the nearby
1500:Revue bryologique et lichénologique
1407:. Botanische Staatssammlung MĂŒnchen
256:. He was a student of the botanist
1619:10.1002/j.1996-8175.1973.tb03425.x
156:. During his career as a teacher,
25:
1600:Schaerer, Ludwig Emanuel (1973).
1019:Lichenum Helveticorum Spicilegium
1008:Lichenum Helveticorum Spicilegium
997:Lichenum Helveticorum Spicilegium
986:Lichenum Helveticorum Spicilegium
975:Lichenum Helveticorum Spicilegium
964:Lichenum Helveticorum Spicilegium
953:Lichenum Helveticorum Spicilegium
942:Lichenum Helveticorum Spicilegium
931:Lichenum Helveticorum Spicilegium
920:Lichenum Helveticorum Spicilegium
909:Lichenum Helveticorum Spicilegium
898:Lichenum Helveticorum Spicilegium
413:Lichenum Helveticorum Spicilegium
166:Lichenum Helveticorum Spicilegium
27:Swiss clergyman and lichenologist
584:
575:
347:
335:
1329:Balmer, Heinz (19 April 2010).
1182:International Plant Names Index
1730:(2): 1â211 (see pp. 126â127).
1:
1780:19th-century Swiss scientists
1666:Umbilicaria cinereorufescens
1405:IndExs â Index of Exsiccatae
1263:; Cowan, Richard S. (1986).
1027:Lichenes Helvetici exsiccati
895:Schaerer, Ludwig E. (1823).
549:Montpellier Botanical Garden
417:Lichenes Helvetici exsiccati
387:) and from 1836 to 1852, in
368:) representing Swiss lichens
119:Author abbrev. (botany)
1211:Deutsche Nationalbibliothek
1796:
849:Sporodictyon schaererianum
1579:10.1017/s002428297600008x
1537:10.1017/s0024282979000037
1444:10.1017/s0024282914000589
1331:"SchÀrer, Ludwig Emanuel"
1152:
1136:
172:, where he often went on
127:
102:
41:
559:, with some held at the
419:, a collection of dried
342:Front cover of 1840 work
192:Early life and education
1689:Hertel, Hannes (2012).
1662:Hestmark, Geir (2007).
1468:Mitchell, M.E. (2005).
879:Verrucaria schaereriana
647:In a 2007 publication,
258:Nicolas Charles Seringe
134:Ludwig Emanuel Schaerer
36:Ludwig Emanuel Schaerer
18:Ludwig Emanuel Schaerer
1301:Guthnik, H.J. (1853).
837:Sporoblastia schaereri
637:Portraits of Botanists
431:were included in this
409:Heinrich Gustav Flörke
769:Ochrolechia schaereri
602:Placocarpus schaereri
561:University of Glasgow
518:After completing his
1770:Swiss lichenologists
1765:Scientists from Bern
1430:(Umbilicariaceae)".
1428:Umbilicaria virginis
1122:10.5169/seals-389267
870:Thelotrema schaereri
798:Pertusaria schaereri
514:Later life and death
499:spherical aberration
454:Umbilicaria virginis
1494:Harant, H. (1961).
1237:JSTOR Global Plants
727:Cyphelium schaereri
326:Albrecht von Haller
1078:Lichenes Helvetici
865:& Bosch (1856)
828:Sphaeria schaereri
819:Pyrenula schaereri
789:Parmelia schaereri
780:Pannaria schaereri
760:Nephroma schaereri
736:Lecanora schaereri
718:Calicium schaereri
695:Arthonia schaereri
615:image (created by
405:Elias Magnus Fries
362:Lichenes Helvetici
360:Schaerer's series
1775:Swiss theologians
1700:978-3-443-58086-5
1664:"Typification of
1567:The Lichenologist
1525:The Lichenologist
1432:The Lichenologist
1276:978-90-313-0224-6
1261:Stafleu, Frans A.
1213:. 2 December 2021
1043:(in Latin). Bern.
807:Physcia schaereri
748:Lecidea schaereri
707:Buellia schaereri
596:Buellia schaereri
544:Heinrich Guthnick
294:Heinrich Schrader
230:ancient languages
131:
130:
104:Scientific career
16:(Redirected from
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1563:Hawksworth, D.L.
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832:A.Massal. (1853)
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802:Hafellner (2001)
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784:A.Massal. (1852)
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423:specimens; this
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310:Bernese Oberland
202:biblical studies
144:. Interested in
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1559:Crundwell, A.C.
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222:natural history
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186:named in honour
146:natural history
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79:3 February 1853
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64:6 November 1785
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889:Selected works
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764:De Not. (1851)
731:De Not. (1846)
722:De Not. (1846)
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641:Philippe Clerc
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539:Ludwig Fischer
528:Edmond Tulasne
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385:Canton of Bern
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331:
330:
290:Carl Willdenow
278:Heinrich Funck
265:
262:
226:ecclesiastical
193:
190:
129:
128:
125:
124:
121:
115:
114:
111:
107:
106:
100:
99:
96:
92:
91:
85:
83:(aged 67)
77:
73:
72:
66:
55:
51:
50:
47:
39:
38:
35:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1792:
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1726:(in German).
1725:
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1707:
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1696:
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1685:
1682:
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1647:(in French).
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1542:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1521:Laundon, J.R.
1516:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1502:(in French).
1501:
1497:
1490:
1487:
1482:
1478:
1471:
1464:
1462:
1458:
1453:
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1419:
1406:
1402:
1396:
1393:
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1385:(in French).
1384:
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1363:
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1359:
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1309:(in German).
1308:
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1228:
1225:
1212:
1209:(in German).
1208:
1207:portal.dnb.de
1204:
1198:
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1179:
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1170:
1164:
1147:
1144:
1131:
1128:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1112:(in German).
1111:
1104:
1101:
1094:
1091:
1084:
1079:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1062:
1056:
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1042:
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1020:
1014:
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1009:
1003:
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981:
977:
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966:
965:
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954:
948:
944:
943:
937:
933:
932:
926:
922:
921:
915:
911:
910:
904:
900:
899:
893:
892:
888:
886:
883:ServĂt (1948)
881:
880:
872:
871:
864:
860:
859:
851:
850:
843:
839:
838:
830:
829:
821:
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782:
781:
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762:
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697:
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691:
685:
681:
680:
671:
669:
667:
663:
662:
655:
650:
649:Geir Hestmark
645:
642:
638:
631:
630:
623:
618:
614:
604:
603:
598:
597:
587:
578:
566:
564:
562:
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550:
545:
540:
535:
533:
529:
525:
521:
513:
511:
509:
505:
500:
496:
492:
491:Erik Acharius
488:
484:
483:Kurt Sprengel
479:
475:
471:
466:
464:
460:
459:type locality
456:
455:
450:
447:in the Swiss
446:
442:
441:Louis Agassiz
436:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
397:Erik Acharius
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
367:
363:
350:
338:
329:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
302:Ore Mountains
299:
295:
291:
287:
286:Gustav Flörke
283:
282:Carl Sprengel
279:
275:
271:
263:
261:
259:
255:
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247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
191:
189:
188:of Schaerer.
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
142:lichenologist
139:
135:
126:
122:
120:
116:
112:
108:
105:
101:
97:
93:
89:, Switzerland
88:
78:
74:
70:, Switzerland
69:
56:
52:
45:
40:
33:
30:
19:
1727:
1723:
1709:
1690:
1684:
1675:
1671:
1665:
1657:
1648:
1644:
1628:
1612:(5â6): 704.
1609:
1605:
1595:
1573:(1): 79â81.
1570:
1566:
1553:
1528:
1524:
1515:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1489:
1480:
1476:
1438:(1): 77â81.
1435:
1431:
1427:
1421:
1409:. Retrieved
1404:
1395:
1386:
1382:
1343:. Retrieved
1334:
1310:
1306:
1265:
1240:. Retrieved
1227:
1215:. Retrieved
1206:
1197:
1185:. Retrieved
1172:
1146:
1130:
1116:(9): 67â69.
1113:
1109:
1103:
1093:
1077:
1039:
1026:
1018:
1007:
996:
985:
974:
963:
952:
941:
930:
919:
908:
897:
877:
868:
856:
847:
835:
826:
817:
805:
796:
787:
778:
767:
758:
746:
734:
725:
716:
705:
693:
677:
675:
665:
659:
646:
636:
627:
617:Hubert Meyer
610:
600:
594:
553:Hervé Harant
536:
519:
517:
478:type species
473:
467:
462:
452:
449:Bernese Alps
437:
416:
412:
395:, including
373:
361:
267:
195:
165:
133:
132:
103:
81:(1853-02-03)
29:
1760:1853 deaths
1755:1785 births
1531:(1): 1â26.
1506:: 135â139.
1483:(1): 13â29.
1341:(in German)
874:Hepp (1853)
690:named after
666:Umbilicaria
661:Umbilicaria
652: [
620: [
599:(left) and
567:Recognition
532:Carl NĂ€geli
487:Ernst Meyer
429:collections
401:Olof Swartz
242:evangelical
208:and also a
140:pastor and
113:Lichenology
95:Nationality
1749:Categories
1678:: 235â240.
1389:: 296â300.
1313:: 167â173.
1165:References
793:Fr. (1831)
679:Schaereria
676:The genus
613:lithograph
520:Enumeratio
508:propagules
504:photobiont
393:cryptogams
381:Lauperswil
318:GraubĂŒnden
184:have been
174:collecting
162:cryptogams
60:1785-11-06
1736:0252-192X
1672:Mycotaxon
1634:Clerc, P.
1150:German: "
1138:intimité.
1134:French: "
1049:cite book
1031:Exsiccata
774:Hafellner
700:A.Massal.
495:chromatic
433:exsiccata
425:exsiccata
421:herbarium
377:orphanage
366:exsiccata
306:conrector
178:herbarium
158:orphanage
1651:: 14â19.
1645:Meylania
1636:(1998).
1587:84748697
1545:83652576
1452:87749212
1345:22 April
1187:22 April
1063:See also
470:Pyrenees
463:Jungfrau
445:Jungfrau
435:series.
300:and the
238:ordained
234:theology
150:theology
1724:Stapfia
1154:hatten.
842:Trevis.
712:De Not.
672:Eponymy
524:Charles
246:lichens
214:BĂŒmpliz
123:Schaer.
1734:
1697:
1585:
1543:
1477:Huntia
1450:
1411:25 May
1273:
1242:11 May
1217:10 May
1080:series
876:; and
844:(1856)
814:(1854)
755:(1881)
753:Flörke
743:(1839)
714:(1846)
702:(1855)
686:(1855)
407:, and
322:Ticino
320:, and
314:Valais
292:, and
274:Berlin
264:Career
210:pastor
206:Hebrew
110:Fields
1720:(PDF)
1641:(PDF)
1606:Taxon
1583:S2CID
1541:S2CID
1473:(PDF)
1448:S2CID
1085:Notes
863:Mont.
684:Körb.
656:]
633:'
629:Taxon
624:]
270:Halle
254:flora
218:flora
138:Swiss
98:Swiss
1732:ISSN
1695:ISBN
1413:2024
1347:2022
1271:ISBN
1244:2020
1219:2022
1189:2022
1055:link
812:Hepp
741:Ach.
530:and
526:and
497:and
485:and
389:Belp
298:Harz
272:and
250:Alps
232:and
204:and
198:Bern
182:taxa
170:Alps
154:Bern
87:Belp
76:Died
68:Bern
54:Born
1728:104
1676:100
1614:doi
1575:doi
1533:doi
1440:doi
1118:doi
611:An
212:in
152:in
1751::
1722:.
1674:.
1670:.
1649:14
1643:.
1610:22
1608:.
1604:.
1581:.
1569:.
1561:;
1539:.
1529:11
1527:.
1504:30
1498:.
1481:12
1479:.
1475:.
1460:^
1446:.
1436:47
1434:.
1403:.
1387:37
1355:^
1333:.
1319:^
1311:36
1305:.
1285:^
1252:^
1235:.
1205:.
1180:.
1157:"
1141:"
1051:}}
1047:{{
885:.
867:;
855:;
846:;
834:;
825:;
816:;
804:;
795:;
786:;
777:;
766:;
757:;
745:;
733:;
724:;
704:;
654:no
635:s
622:de
563:.
551:,
510:.
403:,
399:,
316:,
312:,
288:,
284:,
280:,
260:.
1738:.
1703:.
1668:"
1622:.
1616::
1589:.
1577::
1571:8
1547:.
1535::
1454:.
1442::
1415:.
1349:.
1339:)
1279:.
1246:.
1221:.
1191:.
1124:.
1120::
1114:4
1057:)
1033:)
461:(
383:(
62:)
58:(
20:)
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