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between
Austria and the United States in June 1950. In December 1951, shortly before his retirement, he was promoted to Ambassador. In accepting his updated credentials, President Truman "reaffirmed the intention of the Government to withdraw its occupation forces from Austria and to work for the
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As Envoy, Kleinwächter soon began to spread the government's "victim doctrine" line to the
American public, that is, the narrative of Austria as the "first victim" of Nazi aggression. The fact that both he and Thalberg had been persecuted by the Nazis helped. He successfully lobbied
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221:, who was ennobled in 1909, and was originally from Prague. He was named after his uncle, Ludwig Kleinwächter, the prominent Austrian obstetrician and gynecologist.
420:, they rebuilt the Austrian embassy at first living out of a hotel. The writing paper they received in boxes from Vienna dated back to the Nazi era and bore the
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aid. After the UNRRA program ended in 1947, Kleinwächter managed to get
Austria to receive special consideration in the subsequent
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with the so-called celebrity transport, where he was given the prisoner number 13,904. On 23 September 1938, he was transferred to
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After returning to
Austria, he worked for several years for the Federal Press Service in Vienna, interrupted by a stay in
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and offered his services for the reconstruction of the
Republic. Because of his experience as a diplomat in America, the
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891:"Foreign Relations of the United States, 1947, Council of Foreign Ministers; Germany and Austria, Volume II"
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408:. After the National Council elections in November 1945, the new Federal government under Chancellor
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321:, 2nd Class, in 1924). From June 1925 to December 1926, he was counselor in the Austrian legation in
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Commission. From April 1918 to
November 1918, he was head of the Civilian Internee Department in
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808:"Restitution in Austria; Progress Reported in Indemnification, Government's Problems Discussed"
780:"Migrations Into Austria; Minister Discusses Problems Created by Nation's Augmented Population"
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from 1930 to 1932 (appointed Consul
General, 1st Class, in 1931). During the time of the
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In 1921 he married and had two daughters. Kleinwächter died in Vienna on 12 March 1973.
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361:, he was dismissed from the diplomatic service and arrested on 12 March 1938 as a "
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Dokumentation, Österreichisches
Biographisches Lexikon und biographische (2003).
752:"AUSTRIAN SEES BYRNES; Secretary Pledges to Envoy Aid in Restoring Independence"
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to
Washington, where he arrived in February 1946. Together with his colleague
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Another of Kleinwächter's diplomatic successes was the signing of the first
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restoration" of a free
Austria. He was succeeded as Ambassador by Dr.
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836:"U.S. AND AUSTRIA RAISE ENVOY RANK; PROMOTED TO NEW DIPLOMATIC RANK"
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301:. In April and May 1921, he was a member of the delegation to the
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Keyserlingk, Robert H.; Steinhauser, Bettina S. (15 April 1996).
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After the war, Kleinwächter again served as a diplomat for the
278:. From December 1917 to February 1918, he was employed in the
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10.1515/9780773584945-003/pdf?licensetype=restricted
662:"The Austrian Foreign Service and the Anschluß in 1938"
834:TIMES, Special to THE NEW YORK (13 November 1951).
750:TIMES, Special to THE NEW YORK (19 February 1946).
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722:TIMES, Special to THE NEW YORK (5 December 1946).
624:"The Growth of Austro-Canadian Relations to 1968"
439:to support Austria's request for urgently needed
270:. From June 1916 until the United States entered
414:Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
205:(formerly the capital of the historic region of
628:The Growth of Austro-Canadian Relations to 1968
447:and to receive a large share of the aid funds.
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459:. From 1952, Kleinwächter was chairman of the
400:appointed him Permanent Representative of the
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534:"Ludwig Kleinwaechter and the Marshall Plan"
258:In 1911 began a career as a diplomat in the
1056:Ambassadors of Austria to the United States
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806:Kleinwaechter, Dr L. (25 February 1949).
778:KLEINWAECHTER, Dr L. (13 February 1947).
389:At the end of April 1945, he returned to
228:in Czernowitz in 1903, he studied law in
1013:Austrian Ambassador to the United States
274:in the spring of 1917, he served at the
185:(9 October 1882 – 12 March 1973) was an
56:Austrian Ambassador to the United States
40:to present his credentials to President
1081:Buchenwald concentration camp survivors
948:"L. V. KLEINWACHTER, AUSTRIAN DIPLOMAT"
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463:, founded in 1926 by Paul Leo Dengler.
724:"AUSTRIAN MINISTER VISITS WHITE HOUSE"
498:1936: Officer's Cross of the Austrian
461:Austro-American Institute of Education
262:. From 1912 to 1916, he was consul in
7:
365:". On 2 April 1938, he was taken to
1086:Dachau concentration camp survivors
492:1935: Grand Officer's Cross of the
341:, Kleinwächter was a member of the
260:Foreign Ministry of Austria-Hungary
676:The Johns Hopkins University Press
404:to the American delegation of the
303:Conference of the Successor States
14:
920:"Austrian Envoy in Farewell Call"
246:in 1909. He then studied at the
217:). His father was the economist
1076:Austrian people of World War II
863:"Truman Calls for Free Austria"
632:McGill-Queen's University Press
209:; today a city in southwestern
1071:Austrian people of World War I
236:in Czernowitz (today known as
1:
540:. Austria in USA. 5 June 2017
406:Allied Commission for Austria
371:Buchenwald concentration camp
36:Kleinwächter en route to the
1066:Chernivtsi University alumni
660:Rathkolb, Oliver R. (1990).
398:Provisional State Government
1091:Burials at Döbling Cemetery
494:Order of the Crown of Italy
402:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
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575:Cambridge University Press
224:After graduating from the
219:Friedrich von Kleinwächter
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982:Austrian National Library
367:Dachau concentration camp
243:sub auspiciis promovierte
240:), where he received his
234:Franz Josephs Universität
197:Kleinwächter was born in
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163:Franz Josephs Universität
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899:U.S. Department of State
475:Kleinwächter's grave at
377:for 18 days. During the
339:Federal State of Austria
23:Dr. Ludwig Kleinwaechter
1004:First Austrian Republic
538:www.archive.austria.org
457:Max Löwenthal-Chlumecky
434:U.S. Secretary of State
183:Ludwig von Kleinwächter
85:First Austrian Republic
1061:People from Chernivtsi
601:ISBN 978-3-7001-3213-4
597:"Kleinwächter, Ludwig"
564:"Ludwig Kleinwaechter"
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329:, where he headed the
317:until 1925 (appointed
667:German Studies Review
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276:embassy in Washington
238:Chernivtsi University
1002:(as Minister of the
998:Edgar L. G. Prochnik
697:"Former Ambassadors"
83:(as Minister of the
79:Edgar L. G. Prochnik
452:Fulbright Agreement
299:Republic of Austria
1051:Austrian diplomats
953:The New York Times
925:The New York Times
871:. 20 December 1951
868:The New York Times
841:The New York Times
813:The New York Times
785:The New York Times
757:The New York Times
729:The New York Times
634:. pp. 25–44.
562:Thalberg, Hans J.
481:
428:in December 1946.
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1020:Succeeded by
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990:Diplomatic posts
978:Bischoff, Norbert
928:. 16 January 1952
895:history.state.gov
571:www.cambridge.org
385:Post World War II
331:Consulate General
268:Buffalo, New York
266:and, in 1916, in
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410:Leopold Figl
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142:(1973-03-12)
94:Succeeded by
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1046:1973 deaths
1041:1882 births
603:(in German)
379:Nazi regime
272:World War I
250:in Vienna.
232:and at the
74:Preceded by
38:White House
1035:Categories
1017:1946–1952
506:References
353:After the
215:Prut River
199:Chernivtsi
193:Early life
189:diplomat.
169:Occupation
158:Alma mater
127:Chernivtsi
120:1882-10-09
479:in Vienna
355:Anschluss
68:1946–1952
64:In office
960:7 August
932:7 August
904:7 August
875:7 August
847:7 August
819:7 August
791:7 August
763:7 August
735:7 August
707:7 August
681:7 August
645:7 August
607:7 August
580:7 August
544:7 August
422:Swastika
363:half-Jew
307:Monarchy
207:Bukovina
187:Austrian
172:Diplomat
980:at the
487:Honours
375:Gestapo
315:Chicago
305:to the
213:on the
211:Ukraine
151:Austria
395:Renner
335:Ottawa
327:Canada
254:Career
230:Berlin
147:Vienna
42:Truman
674:(1).
567:(PDF)
441:UNRRA
962:2024
934:2024
906:2024
877:2024
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793:2024
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737:2024
709:2024
683:2024
647:2024
609:2024
582:2024
546:2024
311:Rome
287:Kiev
137:Died
114:Born
636:doi
333:in
309:in
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
