466:
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100:
67:
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113:
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629:, a combination museum and theme park that will display Soviet and Russian military equipment. The towing operation involved the use of rubber pontoons, three tugboats and two escort vessels, and would have covered approximately 100 km (62 miles) had it been completed. However, during the tow the ekranoplan became stuck just offshore of a sandy beach, short of the intended destination.
596:
design had several drawbacks. One was that although the ground effect enabled it to fly at low altitude, in order to utilize the effect it had to fly as low as 1.5–3.0 m (5–10 ft) off the water due to its short wingspan, so it could not fly when seas were even mildly rough. Another was that
647:
In
December 2020 a successful recovery operation resulted in the ekranoplan being hauled out of the water, nose-first, with the tail ending up about 20–30 m (65–100 ft) from the sea, as seen from satellite imagery. The ekranoplan was towed ashore on 30 December 2021.
433:
occurs when flying at an altitude of only a few metres above the ocean or ground; drag is greatly reduced by the proximity of the ground preventing the formation of wingtip vortices, thus increasing the efficiency of the wing. This effect does not occur at high altitude.
597:
the craft was only designed to use the ground effect principle, so it could not ascend to higher cruising altitudes. The requirement for calm seas to operate and inability to fly above them if they weren't greatly limited where it was able to deploy.
640:, even before the park was built. One report published in August 2020 stated that the hull, exposed to the waves in the surf zone, was taking on water. Moving the craft to dry land beyond the surf zone would eliminate the possibility that increased
1301:
1145:
1182:
636:
while plans were drawn up on how to continue the move to
Patriot Park. In the meantime, the unusual craft began attracting attention from the media, onlookers, and trespassing
573:("Rescuer"). Following the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 and cancellation of military funding, construction of the second craft was halted. As of 2021, the uncompleted
1485:
465:
1133:
511:
hull with a large deflecting plate at the bottom to provide a "step" for takeoff. It had a maximum cruising speed of 550 kilometres per hour (340 mph).
925:
348:
390:
acting on its large wings when within about four metres (13 ft) above the surface of the water. Although they might look similar to traditional
1200:
605:
32:
1113:
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964:
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The team managing the towing operation was unable to free the massive vehicle, so the ekranoplan was secured and remained beached in the
423:
1250:
1416:
1020:
1480:
621:-class ekranoplan was towed out of the naval base in Kaspiysk, with the intention of being eventually put on public display in
563:-class ekranoplan was partially built in the late 1980s. While its construction was underway, it was redesigned as a mobile
1353:
430:
360:
1438:
1407:
1388:
1327:
1224:
387:
299:
485:-class ekranoplan was developed on the basis of the experimental KM ekranoplan, which was nicknamed the "
993:
926:"Here's The Astonishing Hovercraft That The Soviets Could Have Used To Invade Western Europe In The 80s"
356:
184:
894:
426:
due to their use of the ground effect, in which the craft glides just above the surface of the water.
66:
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in a twin tail turret and two 23mm Pl-23 cannon in a twin turret under forward missile tubes
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235:
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1356:. Netherlands: The WIG Page. pp. The WIG Page Datasheet no. 26. Archived from
814:
665:
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519:
380:
312:
118:
1201:"DARPA's revolutionary seaplane wants to change how the Pentagon hauls cargo]"
848:
1167:
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for rapid deployment to any ocean or coastal location. It was named the
622:
1251:"Belly Of The Beast: Illicit Photos From Inside The Soviet Ekranoplan"
1134:"Take A Look At These Incredible Shots Of The Russia's Sole Completed
1021:"Here's a Closer Look at the Soviet Navy's 1987 Lun-Class Ekranoplan"
507:, each producing 127.4 kN (28,600 lbf) of thrust. It had a
980:
Cui, E.; Zhang, X. (2010). "Chapter 18 Ground Effect
Aerodynamics".
1446:
775:
450 km/h (280 mph, 240 kn) at 2.5 m (8 ft)
843:
604:
464:
456:
278:
419:
548:
in 1987. It was retired in the late 1990s and sat unused at a
537:
with advanced tracking systems mounted in its nose and tail.
540:
The only model of this class ever built to completion, the
1277:"Russian Navy's Mighty 'Ekranoplan' May Have Been Wrecked"
959:. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 436–.
956:
WIG Craft and
Ekranoplan: Ground Effect Craft Technology
953:
Liang Yun; Alan
Bliault; Johnny Doo (3 December 2009).
533:were mounted in pairs on the dorsal surface of its
383:navies from 1987 until sometime in the late 1990s.
919:
917:
915:
895:"Russia Revives Its Soviet-Era Ekranoplan Project"
1044:
1042:
1328:"The 'Caspian Sea Monster' rises from the grave"
1225:"The 'Caspian Sea Monster' rises from the grave"
1127:
1125:
948:
946:
644:during storms could damage the hull further.
754:, 127.4 kN (28,600 lbf) thrust each
335:-class ekranoplan when it beached in July 2020
869:"Small Missile Ship-Ekranoplan - Project 903"
781:2,000 km (1,200 mi, 1,100 nmi)
418:-class ekranoplan are classified as maritime
8:
1187:-class ekranoplan in Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
331:Interactive map showing the position of the
210:(Wingspan) 44 m (144 ft 4 in)
194:Displacement n/a, weight 286 tonnes unloaded
1435:(suitable for slow or metered connections)
1486:Alekseyev Central Hydrofoil Design Bureau
1218:
1216:
1214:
1172:. High-Speed Surface Craft Limited. 2003.
769:550 km/h (340 mph, 300 kn)
1384:Brief video of the 2020 towing operation
1189:via Google Maps. Retrieved 25 July 2021.
1108:. History Press Limited. pp. 102–.
581:in an old industrial complex within the
1443:imagery (faster connection recommended)
1081:. History Press Limited. pp. 33–.
860:
544:, entered service with the Soviet Navy
1002:
991:
787:5 m (16 ft) in ground effect
617:On 31 July 2020, the completed MD-160
461:Lun class at Kaspiysk, Russia, in 2010
61:
18:Lun-class Wing-In-Ground-Effect craft
7:
386:It flew using lift generated by the
1453:Cutaway provisional drawing of the
1148:from the original on 6 October 2020
1132:Cenciotti, David (10 August 2020).
711:73.8 m (242 ft 2 in)
424:International Maritime Organization
202:73.8 m (242 ft 2 in)
1075:Ashley Hollebone (31 March 2012).
893:Shukla, Vikas (9 September 2015).
729:550 m (5,900 sq ft)
723:19.2 m (63 ft 0 in)
289:six officers and nine enlisted men
218:19.2 m (63 ft 0 in)
25:
741:380,000 kg (837,757 lb)
735:286,000 kg (630,522 lb)
717:44 m (144 ft 4 in)
226:(2.5 m (8 ft 2 in)
1275:Sutton, H. I. (11 August 2020).
1249:Chapple, Amos (11 August 2020).
1102:Norman Ferguson (1 April 2013).
658:
402:are not classified as aircraft,
111:
98:
65:
1255:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
1223:Ros, Miquel (22 October 2020).
924:Johnson, Robert; Rosen, Armin.
1421:was successfully pulled ashore
1183:Satellite view of uncompleted
269:(1,900 km; 1,200 mi)
1:
257:(550 km/h; 342 mph)
1403:stuck in the beach surf zone
1199:Katz, Justin (27 May 2022).
705:137 t (302,000 lb)
321:2 × twin 23 mm PI-23 turrets
27:Soviet ground effect vehicle
1433:article with image gallery
1302:"Satellite view of beached
1105:The Little Book of Aviation
699:15 (6 officers, 9 enlisted)
613:-class ekranoplan in flight
1502:
1025:interestingengineering.com
577:is stored adjacent to the
414:. Rather, craft like the
174:
76:
64:
1449:with translated captions
1315:– via Google Maps.
1169:Fast Ferry International
375:in 1975 and used by the
245:(28,600 lbf) thrust
1050:"Neither Fish Nor Fowl"
690:General characteristics
496:was powered with eight
175:General characteristics
1481:Ground effect vehicles
1445:with Russian text, or
1001:Cite journal requires
614:
609:Artist's concept of a
478:
462:
453:Design and development
361:operationally deployed
1417:Satellite view after
608:
601:2020 towing operation
503:, mounted on forward
477:displayed in a museum
468:
460:
371:. It was designed by
357:ground effect vehicle
349:Soviet classification
300:Puluchas search radar
185:ground effect vehicle
48:41.94067°N 48.37885°E
1078:The Hovercraft Story
516:anti-surface warfare
311:6 × fixed-elevation
241:engines, 127.4
1461:ekranoplan/WIG page
833:Caspian Sea Monster
827:Related development
739:Max takeoff weight:
487:Caspian Sea Monster
367:, deploying in the
44: /
1352:van Optal, Edwin.
1138:-Class Ekranoplan"
813:six launchers for
615:
479:
463:
373:Rostislav Alexeyev
296:processing systems
71:Beached Ekranoplan
53:41.94067; 48.37885
1459:via hisutton.com
1457:-class ekranoplan
1399:Drone footage of
1115:978-0-7524-9285-8
1088:978-0-7524-8512-6
1056:: 72. July 1994.
966:978-1-4419-0042-5
873:russianships.info
821:antiship missiles
638:"urban explorers"
625:, at the planned
623:Derbent, Dagestan
531:missile launchers
518:, it carried the
469:Scale model of a
359:(GEV) to ever be
345:-class ekranoplan
327:
326:
316:anti-ship missile
183:Attack/transport
16:(Redirected from
1493:
1447:mirrored imagery
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1205:Breaking Defense
1196:
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930:Business Insider
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795:
785:Service ceiling:
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652:Former operators
546:Caspian Flotilla
369:Caspian Flotilla
281:(220,000 pounds)
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1360:on 14 June 2012
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1142:The Aviationist
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749:Kuznetsov NK-87
688:
681:
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654:
603:
587:Nizhny Novgorod
583:central Russian
498:Kuznetsov NK-87
455:
441:comes from the
338:
337:
336:
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236:Kuznetsov NK-87
130:1987–late 1990s
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99:
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1413:(2m5s, silent)
1395:
1378:
1377:External links
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1038:
1027:. 4 April 2017
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1003:|journal=
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767:Maximum speed:
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679:Specifications
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565:field hospital
552:naval base in
527:guided missile
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355:) is the only
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77:Class overview
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773:Cruise speed:
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733:Empty weight:
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514:Equipped for
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445:word for the
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431:ground effect
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1400:
1362:. Retrieved
1358:the original
1347:
1335:. Retrieved
1331:
1321:
1309:. Retrieved
1303:
1296:
1284:. Retrieved
1280:
1270:
1258:. Retrieved
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1232:. Retrieved
1228:
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1168:
1162:
1150:. Retrieved
1141:
1135:
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1097:
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1070:
1053:
1029:. Retrieved
1024:
1015:
994:cite journal
975:
955:
935:10 September
933:. Retrieved
929:
904:10 September
902:. Retrieved
898:
888:
876:. Retrieved
872:
863:
817:
815:P-270 Moskit
810:
805:Pl-23 cannon
800:
792:
790:
784:
778:
772:
766:
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738:
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689:
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666:Soviet Union
646:
631:
627:Patriot Park
618:
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593:
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574:
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556:until 2020.
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332:
313:P-270 Moskit
294:Sensors and
191:Displacement
119:Russian Navy
85:
29:
1476:Ekranoplans
1425:Yandex Maps
1306:ekranoplan"
878:24 November
760:Performance
745:Powerplant:
673:Soviet Navy
642:wave action
579:Volga river
559:The second
550:Caspian Sea
525:(Mosquito)
509:flying boat
396:ekranoplans
353:Project 903
265:1,000
106:Soviet Navy
51: /
1470:Categories
1439:Extensive
1337:15 January
1234:23 October
855:References
727:Wing area:
475:ekranoplan
412:hydrofoils
408:hovercraft
379:and later
286:Complement
231:Propulsion
127:In service
39:48°22′44″E
36:41°56′26″N
1152:11 August
1062:0015-4806
899:ValueWalk
849:А-300-538
811:Missiles:
803:two 23mm
752:turbofans
715:Wingspan:
703:Capacity:
684:Data from
634:surf zone
501:turbofans
437:The name
404:seaplanes
398:like the
318:launchers
167:Preserved
151:Cancelled
143:Completed
92:Operators
1311:23 April
1146:Archived
986:29236092
839:Spasatel
793:Armament
585:city of
575:Spasatel
570:Spasatel
554:Kaspiysk
535:fuselage
392:aircraft
306:Armament
274:Capacity
239:turbojet
1408:YouTube
1389:YouTube
1286:27 July
1260:27 July
1031:31 July
818:Sunburn
721:Height:
709:Length:
505:canards
473:-class
447:harrier
443:Russian
422:by the
381:Russian
365:warship
223:Draught
159:Retired
135:Planned
1411:
1394:(1m0s)
1392:
1364:9 June
1281:Forbes
1112:
1085:
1060:
1054:Flying
984:
963:
779:Range:
663:
542:MD-160
529:. Six
522:Moskit
520:P-270
377:Soviet
279:tonnes
215:Height
199:Length
116:
103:
1431:Wired
1354:"Lun"
1207:. US.
982:S2CID
844:A-050
801:Guns:
697:Crew:
420:ships
410:, or
363:as a
262:Range
255:knots
250:Speed
1423:via
1366:2012
1339:2022
1313:2022
1288:2021
1262:2021
1236:2020
1154:2020
1110:ISBN
1083:ISBN
1058:ISSN
1033:2021
1007:help
961:ISBN
937:2015
906:2015
880:2023
835:(KM)
747:8 ×
592:The
492:The
481:The
429:The
340:The
277:100
253:297
234:8 ×
207:Beam
180:Type
82:Name
1455:Lun
1441:Lun
1419:Lun
1406:on
1401:Lun
1387:on
1332:CNN
1304:Lun
1229:CNN
1185:Lun
1136:Lun
619:Lun
611:Lun
594:Lun
561:Lun
494:Lun
489:".
483:Lun
471:Lun
439:Lun
416:Lun
400:Lun
343:Lun
333:Lun
267:nmi
86:Lun
1472::
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1279:.
1253:.
1227:.
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1140:.
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996:}}
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