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641:
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380:) was celebrated annually on March 31. It first appears in Roman literature in the story of how in 182 BC a windstorm of exceptional power blew off its doors, which crashed into the Temple of Ceres below it on the slope. In 84 BC, it was struck by lightning, the same day the
552:
585:
567:
662:
2030:
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represents the Moon, "because it travels on a twin course with the sun, or because it is visible both by day and by nightâfor they yoke together one black horse and one white."
2035:
502:
of S. Maria Capua Vetere, a wall painting that uniquely focuses on Luna alone shows one of the horses of the team as light in color, with the other a dark brown.
2103:
815:
William Van
Andringa, "Religion and the Integration of Cities in the Empire in the Second Century AD: The Creation of a Common Religious Language," in
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2108:
727:
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1841:
541:, Hecate originally had power over the heavens, land, and sea, not as in the later tradition Heaven, Earth, and underworld.
461:, drawn by horses or oxen. In Roman art, the charioteer Luna is regularly paired with the Sun driving a four-horse chariot (
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896:
2123:
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1846:
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2118:
2113:
2093:
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1961:
1940:
1930:
1337:
1200:
1121:
526:
265:
163:
2078:
1945:
1177:
1773:
385:
1992:
1889:
1545:
1464:
1212:
696:
691:
188:
121:
48:
191:, conceived of as a god. Luna is also sometimes represented as an aspect of the Roman triple goddess (
1987:
1871:
1825:
1615:
1459:
1232:
300:
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424:
280:, Sol and Luna can represent the extent of Roman rule over the world, with the aim of guaranteeing
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431:, she was honored as Juno Covella, Juno of the crescent moon. Both Juno and Diana were invoked as
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categorized Luna and Sol among the visible gods, as distinguished from invisible gods such as
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1204:
878:
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420:
363:
167:
159:
786:
2.2.14â2-; Attilio
Mastrocinque, "Creating One's Own Religion: Intellectual Choices," in
343:). In this list, Luna is distinguished from both Diana and Juno, who also appear on it.
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aspect of the triple goddess in complement with the "horned" or crescent-crowned
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was murdered by his troops. The
Aventine temple may have been destroyed by the
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779:
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in a different list of twelve, in which he refers to Luna and Sol as
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represents the sun's course through the four seasons, while the
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was supposed to have imported the cult of Luna to Rome from the
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303:, for instance, was a popular subject for Roman wall painting.
187:). She is often presented as the female complement of the Sun,
1409:
1628:
455:
Luna is often depicted driving a two-yoke chariot called a
828:
Annemarie
Kaufmann-Heinimann, "Religion in the House", in
211:
is not always a distinct goddess, but sometimes rather an
399:
As
Noctiluna ("Night-Shiner") Luna had a temple on the
919:(Johns Hopkins University Press, 1992), p. 238.
246:
invokes her as the "two-horned queen of the stars" (
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1980:
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1882:
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1726:
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Mithraica I: The
Mithraeum at S. Maria Capua Vetere
350:of Luna as a goddess at Rome to the semi-legendary
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117:
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83:
75:
63:
34:
1060:18.26, as translated by Stephen A. Barney et al.,
419:the new moon occurred, was sacred to Juno, as all
250:), bidding her to listen to the girls singing as
1064:(Cambridge University Press, 2006), p. 368
753:(Cambridge University Press, 2007), p. 73.
917:A New Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome
751:Roman Religion and the Cult of Diana at Aricia
1185:
719:The History and Practice of Ancient Astronomy
558:Bronze lamp of Luna and her ox-drawn chariot
8:
722:. Oxford University Press. pp. 296â7.
494:iconography, usually in the context of the
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1104:, "The Powers of Darkness in Prudentius'
708:
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215:that specializes a goddess, since both
1108:: A Study of His Poetic Imagination,"
1080:(Brill, 1971), pp. 14â15; Plato,
415:of every month, when according to the
366:was credited with the creation of the
31:
1062:The Etymologies of Isidore of Seville
1045:Roman Religion and the Cult of Diana,
1019:Roman Religion and the Cult of Diana,
182:
7:
327:deities who are vital to agriculture
57:Musée d'Art et d'Histoire de GenÚve)
2104:Personifications in Roman mythology
223:are identified as moon goddesses.
25:
778:Varro, frg. 23 (Cardauns) =
624:, with Luna driving her ox-drawn
521:and Luna. The three-form Hecate (
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661:
639:
608:
584:
566:
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174:is the divine embodiment of the
1006:A New Topographical Dictionary,
989:A New Topographical Dictionary,
953:A New Topographical Dictionary,
937:A New Topographical Dictionary,
819:(Blackwell, 2007), p. 94.
668:Abstracted Luna and chariot,
264:, and deified mortals such as
1:
2109:Characters in Roman mythology
830:A Companion to Roman Religion
817:A Companion to Roman Religion
788:A Companion to Roman Religion
268:. She was one of the deities
573:Statuette of Luna from the
509:of oxen was also driven by
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1687:Lucius Tarquinius Superbus
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897:Dionysius of Halicarnassus
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1112:19.4 (1965), p. 248.
915:65; Lawrence Richardson,
628:(right), and the Sun his
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27:Roman goddess of the Moon
1941:Rape of the Sabine Women
325:lists Luna among twelve
147:Indo-European equivalent
1946:Battle of Lacus Curtius
872:Varro, as preserved by
335:clarissima mundi lumina
315:Mithraic altar to Luna
272:proposed as the secret
248:siderum regina bicornis
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1201:Ancient Roman religion
935:3.883â84; Richardson,
804:Religion of the Romans
529:with Luna, Diana, and
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242:, performed in 17 BC,
164:ancient Roman religion
79:Chariot, crescent moon
1632:
1167:at Wikimedia Commons
716:Evans, James (1998).
697:List of lunar deities
692:List of Roman deities
346:The Romans dated the
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254:listens to the boys.
1826:Interpretatio graeca
1110:Vigiliae Christianae
951:40.2.2; Richardson,
655:(2ndâ5th century AD)
525:) was identified by
433:childbirth goddesses
407:Juno as Moon goddess
392:during the reign of
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1847:Theology of victory
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987:15.41; Richardson,
533:. According to the
445:Chariot of the Moon
295:. In Roman art and
41:Goddess of the Moon
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1004:5.68; Richardson,
874:Augustine of Hippo
633:(late 3rd century)
630:four-horse chariot
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390:Great Fire of Rome
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1102:Friedrich Solmsen
1076:M.J. Vermaseren,
729:978-0-19-509539-5
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352:days of the kings
317:(2nd/3rd century)
289:Greek counterpart
184:[ËÉ«ÌȘuËnĂ€]
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16:(Redirected from
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1936:Founding of Rome
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1234:
1231:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1219:Dii Consentes
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1195:
1190:
1188:
1183:
1181:
1176:
1175:
1172:
1168:
1166:
1161:
1153:
1145:
1141:
1136:
1133:
1129:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1100:733 (Migne);
1099:
1095:
1090:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1053:
1050:
1046:
1040:
1037:
1033:
1027:
1024:
1020:
1014:
1011:
1007:
1003:
997:
994:
990:
986:
982:
977:
974:
970:
969:Bellum Civile
966:
961:
958:
954:
950:
945:
942:
938:
934:
930:
925:
922:
918:
914:
910:
905:
902:
898:
894:
888:
885:
881:
880:
875:
869:
866:
862:
861:
854:
851:
847:
846:De re rustica
843:
838:
835:
831:
825:
822:
818:
812:
809:
805:
801:
796:
793:
789:
785:
781:
775:
772:
768:
764:
759:
756:
752:
746:
743:
731:
725:
721:
720:
712:
709:
702:
698:
695:
693:
690:
689:
685:
680:
677:
674:
671:
664:
659:
656:
653:
649:
642:
637:
634:
631:
627:
623:
620:
617:
611:
606:
603:
600:
597:
594:as Luna on a
593:
587:
582:
579:
576:
569:
564:
561:
554:
549:
544:
542:
540:
536:
535:Archaic Greek
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
503:
501:
497:
493:
489:
484:
482:
478:
477:
472:
468:
466:
465:
460:
459:
452:
444:
442:
440:
439:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
406:
404:
402:
401:Palatine Hill
397:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
378:
373:
372:Aventine Hill
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
344:
342:
341:
336:
332:
328:
324:
318:
313:
306:
304:
302:
298:
294:
290:
285:
283:
279:
278:Imperial cult
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
253:
249:
245:
241:
240:
235:
234:
229:
224:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
152:
149:
145:
142:
139:
135:
130:
127:
123:
120:
116:
111:
108:
107:Palatine Hill
104:
103:Aventine Hill
101:
97:
93:
89:
86:
82:
78:
74:
71:
68:
66:
62:
58:
50:
45:
38:
33:
30:
19:
1962:Gubernaculum
1931:Golden Bough
1900:Neoplatonism
1895:Epicureanism
1824:
1797:
1778:
1759:
1752:
1738:
1379:
1243:Anna Perenna
1217:
1157:
1143:
1135:
1125:
1117:
1109:
1105:
1097:
1089:
1081:
1077:
1072:
1061:
1057:
1052:
1044:
1039:
1031:
1026:
1018:
1013:
1008:p. 238.
1005:
1001:
996:
991:p. 238.
988:
984:
976:
968:
960:
955:p. 238.
952:
944:
939:p. 238.
936:
932:
924:
916:
913:De Vir. Ill.
912:
904:
892:
887:
877:
868:
858:
853:
845:
837:
829:
824:
816:
811:
803:
795:
787:
783:
774:
766:
758:
750:
745:
733:. Retrieved
718:
711:
679:(AD 860â890)
678:
654:
647:
632:
625:
602:(AD 193â217)
601:
578:(AD 150â220)
577:
559:
522:
506:
504:
487:
486:Luna in her
485:
480:
474:
469:
462:
456:
454:
436:
410:
398:
377:dies natalis
375:
356:Titus Tatius
345:
338:
334:
321:
316:
286:
276:of Rome. In
256:
247:
237:
231:
225:
208:
192:
179:
171:
157:
91:
55:(AD 150â200,
54:
29:
2036:Persecution
1988:Gallo-Roman
1780:Res divinae
1652:Rhea Silvia
1058:Etymologies
1047:p. 73.
1021:p. 73.
911:5.12.3â10;
784:Ad nationes
670:Carolingian
592:Julia Domna
451:Sun chariot
348:cultivation
199:and either
132:Equivalents
2073:Categories
1981:Variations
1883:Philosophy
1862:Capitolium
1769:Propertius
1536:Averruncus
1521:Aeternitas
1511:Abundantia
1440:Proserpina
1124:, note to
1094:Prudentius
800:Jörg RĂŒpke
780:Tertullian
735:4 February
703:References
619:tauroctony
616:Polychrome
531:Proserpina
523:trimorphos
496:tauroctony
449:See also:
340:di selecti
329:, as does
297:literature
236:). In the
201:Proserpina
92:dies Lunae
2008:Mithraism
1993:Mysteries
1842:Palladium
1820:Festivals
1596:Securitas
1546:Concordia
1490:Vertumnus
1308:DÄ«s Pater
1205:mythology
1056:Isidore,
673:cloisonné
646:Ox-drawn
500:mithraeum
498:. In the
427:. On the
382:popularis
270:Macrobius
228:Roman art
113:Genealogy
2048:Glossary
2019:See also
1915:Stoicism
1890:Cynicism
1852:Pomerium
1811:Concepts
1793:Apuleius
1713:She-wolf
1697:Hersilia
1616:Victoria
1516:Aequitas
1470:Summanus
1460:Silvanus
1445:Quirinus
1375:Libertas
1338:Hercules
1283:Cloacina
1268:Carmenta
1263:Bona Dea
1238:Angerona
1233:Agenoria
1144:Theogony
1082:Phaedrus
860:Georgics
857:Vergil,
848:1.1.4â6.
686:See also
596:sardonyx
515:chthonic
492:Mithraic
476:quadriga
464:quadriga
423:were to
301:Endymion
274:tutelary
266:Hercules
118:Siblings
2031:Decline
1955:Objects
1857:Temples
1837:Charity
1571:Laverna
1561:Fortuna
1551:Feronia
1480:Veritas
1450:Salacia
1435:Priapus
1420:Penates
1400:Neptune
1395:Minerva
1390:Mercury
1353:Jupiter
1293:Dea Dia
1258:Bellona
1213:Deities
1122:Servius
1066:online.
1043:Green,
1030:Varro,
1017:Green,
1000:Varro,
985:Annales
981:Tacitus
909:Orosius
899:2.50.3.
891:Varro,
863:1.5â25.
676:roundel
545:Gallery
527:Servius
425:Jupiter
413:Kalends
384:leader
370:on the
360:Sabines
287:Luna's
262:Neptune
213:epithet
178:(Latin
151:Mehânot
99:Temples
2099:Selene
1998:Cybele
1924:Events
1872:Celtic
1740:Aeneid
1734:Virgil
1647:Aeneas
1581:Pietas
1566:Fontus
1541:Caelus
1531:Annona
1526:Africa
1495:Vulcan
1455:Saturn
1430:Pomona
1333:Genius
1323:Faunus
1313:Egeria
1253:Aurora
1248:Apollo
1140:Hesiod
1130:6.118.
1127:Aeneid
965:Appian
895:5.74;
763:Horace
726:
622:relief
539:Hesiod
513:, the
511:Hecate
438:Lucina
362:, but
331:Vergil
293:Selene
252:Apollo
244:Horace
205:Hecate
160:Sabine
141:Selene
126:Aurora
88:Monday
76:Symbol
65:Planet
1867:Cella
1774:Varro
1754:Fasti
1727:Texts
1611:Terra
1591:Salus
1556:Fides
1485:Vesta
1475:Venus
1425:Pluto
1415:Orcus
1370:Liber
1358:Lares
1343:Janus
1328:Flora
1318:Fauna
1298:Diana
1288:Cupid
1278:Ceres
1146:413f.
1034:6.27.
971:1.78.
933:Fasti
842:Varro
599:cameo
537:poet
519:Diana
429:Nones
386:Cinna
323:Varro
282:peace
258:Varro
217:Diana
197:Diana
53:Luna
2003:Isis
1748:Ovid
1601:Spes
1586:Roma
1385:Mars
1380:Luna
1348:Juno
1303:Dies
1203:and
1084:246.
949:Livy
929:Ovid
882:7.2.
737:2008
724:ISBN
648:biga
626:biga
507:biga
488:biga
481:biga
458:biga
421:Ides
411:The
394:Nero
291:was
233:biga
221:Juno
219:and
209:Luna
180:LĆ«na
176:Moon
172:Luna
168:myth
166:and
162:and
70:Moon
35:Luna
1576:Pax
1465:Sol
1410:Ops
1405:Nox
467:).
226:In
203:or
189:Sol
158:In
122:Sol
84:Day
2075::
1142:,
1096:,
983:,
967:,
931:,
876:,
844:,
802:,
782:,
765:,
505:A
441:.
396:.
354:.
284:.
207:.
170:,
124:,
105:,
1222:)
1216:(
1193:e
1186:t
1179:v
739:.
94:)
90:(
20:)
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