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The Lund 1 Runestone is a granite stone pillar nearly four meters in height that has inscriptions carved on its four sides. There are runic inscriptions carved on sides A and B of the stone, images of two animals identified as wolves and a man's mask on side C, and the mask of a lion face on side D.
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The Lund 1 Runestone was discovered in the ruins of a monastery in 1682, where it had apparently been re-used as material in the construction of that building. Before the historic significance of runestones was understood, they were often used as materials in the construction of roads, bridges, and
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RAK, which is the classification of the oldest inscriptions. This is the runestone-style classification of inscriptions where the ends of the text bands are straight and there are no attached serpent or animal heads. The inscription, which has a Danish
Rundata catalog number because Scania was part
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The runic text states that the stone is a memorial raised by a man named Þorgísl in memory of his two brothers, Ólafr and Óttarr. The text refers to "stones" that were raised, so the original memorial consisted of at least one additional raised stone. Ólafr and Óttarr are described as being
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is sometimes translated as "land-men." Some believe that the term land-men refers to a title that is something higher than a simple free farmer, such as a rich farmer or squire, although there is dispute regarding this.
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The two wolves on Side C are apparently armed with a shield and sword strapped to their bodies. The depiction of the wolves shows a mane and pointed ears similar to that of the wolf on inscription
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in
Tullstorp. The man's mask between the two wolves is similar to those depicted on two other runestones in Scania, inscriptions DR 258 in Bösarp and
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from
Denmark, which is also known as the Århus 4 image stone or the Mask Stone. Other inscriptions with facial masks include DR 62 in Sjelle,
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Bertelsen, Lise Gjedssø (2006). "On Öphir's
Pictures". In Stoklund, Marie; Nielsen, Michael Lerche; et al. (eds.).
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The name of the father of the stones sponsor, Ásgeirr Bjôrn, has several name elements that were common at that time in
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buildings. The stone was found broken at two locations, but in 1868 it was repaired and raised at the
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The Well Spring of the Goths: About the Gothic
Peoples in the Nordic Countries and on the Continent
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267:§A Þorgísl, son of Ásgeirr Bjôrn's son, raised these stones in memory of both of his brothers,
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gods, while Bjôrn means "Bear." Þorgísl also contains a god's name as an element and means "
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in Västra Strö. The lion face mask on Side D is similar to that depicted on the inscription
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Side C of the Lund 1 Runestone in the entrance hall of Lund
University Library in Sweden.
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203:. Since 1957, the runestone has been located in the entrance hall of the library at the
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The
Teutonic Name-System Applied to the Family Names of France, England, & Germany
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meaning "best of landholders," is present on the inscriptions on memorial runestones
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183:. Ásgeirr means "Divine Spear" and contains a name element referring to the
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Thunor the
Thunderer, Carved on a Scandinavian Font About the Year 1000
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250:Þorgísl, sonr Ásgeirs Bjarnar sonar, reisti steina þessa eptir brœðr
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231:+ þu(r)sgis ÷ biarnaʀ ÷ sunaʀ ÷ risþi ÷ sti ÷ (u)(f)tiʀ ÷ bruþr +
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during the Viking Age, is dated as being carved after the
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Runes and Their
Secrets: Studies in Runology, Volume 2000
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The runic inscriptions are classified as being carved in
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Reaney, Percy Hide; Wilson, Richard
Middlewood (1991) .
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Chronicles of the Vikings: Records, Memorials, and Myths
350:. Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum Press. pp. 46–47.
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in Åby ägor, Sö 112 in Kolunda, Sö 167 in Landshammar,
490:. London: Williams & Norgate. pp. 94–95, 135.
237:+ sino ÷ baþa ÷ ulaf ÷ uk ÷ utar ÷ lanmitr ÷ kuþa +
413:. Lincoln, Nebraska: iUniverse. pp. 100–101.
224:Transliteration of the runes into Latin characters
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139:in Tensta, and U 1150 in Björklinge, and on the
127:in Nasta, U 508 in Gillberga, U 670 in Rölunda,
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470:. London: Williams and Norgate. p. 30.
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175:Drawing of the runestone published in 1878.
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293:Meeting the Other in Norse Myth and Legend
163:in Turinge and DR 133 in Skivum, Denmark.
256:sína báða, Ólaf ok Óttar, landmennr góða.
46:originally located on the grounds of the
533:Project Samnordisk Runtextdatabas Svensk
558:Photograph of the inscription on side A
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552:Maskesten - Billedsten fra Vikingtiden
270:§B Ólafr and Óttarr, good landholders.
115:in Hunnestad, Vg 106 in Lassegården,
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554:- Arild Hauge webpage on mask stones
440:. British Museum Press. p. 81.
151:, or "good landowners." A similar
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566:- Swedish National Heritage Board
560:- Swedish National Heritage Board
564:Photograph of the mask on side D
504:A Dictionary of English Surnames
320:Den Skånska Historien Vikingar
155:phrase praising the deceased,
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296:. D. S. Brewer. p. 114.
243:Transcription into Old Norse
585:Tourist attractions in Lund
507:. Routeledge. p. 432.
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434:Page, Raymond Ian (1998).
407:Nordgren, Ingemar (2004).
211:("the Lund Stone") or the
215:("the Lundagård Stone").
290:McKinnell, John (2005).
111:in Skern, the now-lost
383:Danske Runeindskrifter
317:Rosborn, Sven (2004).
262:Translation in English
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580:Runestones in Scania
275:References and notes
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93:Hunnestad Monument
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539:entry for DR 314.
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205:Lund University
157:landmanna beztr
141:Sjellebro Stone
135:in Örsundsbro,
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73:runestone style
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149:landmennr góða
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84:of Denmark.
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219:Inscription
209:Lundastenen
189:Norse pagan
181:Scandinavia
123:in Släbro,
95:and on the
66:Description
574:Categories
38:Viking Age
201:Lundagård
165:Landmennr
153:Old Norse
44:runestone
484:(1864).
464:(1878).
326:. Lund:
41:memorial
537:Rundata
91:of the
78:Denmark
34:Rundata
32:in the
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392:24 Feb
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187:, the
161:Sö 338
137:U 1034
121:Sö 367
113:DR 286
101:DR 335
97:DR 271
89:DR 284
60:Sweden
56:Scania
30:DR 314
324:(PDF)
133:U 824
129:U 678
125:Nä 34
117:Sö 86
109:DR 81
105:DR 66
509:ISBN
442:ISBN
415:ISBN
394:2011
352:ISBN
298:ISBN
193:Thor
185:Æsir
52:Lund
24:The
254:§B
248:§A
235:§B
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
