516:. In the intestine, the parasite will move into the abdomen and commonly into the lungs. In the lung, the parasites encyst and cross fertilize each other. The cyst eventually ruptures in the lungs and the eggs may be coughed up or swallowed and excreted in the feces. An egg landing in fresh water hatches and releases a ciliated miracidium. A successful miracidium swims about until it finds an intermediate host, usually an aquatic snail. A crustacean in turn becomes infected by eating infected snails. The definitive host completes the cycle if it eats infected crustaceans.
399:
67:
44:
528:. Human infections are most common in regions with many human and animal reservoir hosts plus an abundance of intermediate hosts, such as snails, crabs, or crayfish, and where in addition consumption of raw or undercooked seafood is common. Consumption of insufficiently cooked meat from infected land animal hosts, such as wild boar, commonly transmits the infection. The domestic cat is a reservoir for a variety of lung flatworms and can
587:
Praziquantel has been used to effectively treat paragonimiasis by separating the tegument. An effectively complete rate of cure may be expected after three days of treatment if there has not been too much permanent damage, such as from intracranial effects. Other medications can also be used such as
566:
As a rule, the parasites begin to cause symptoms about three weeks after ingesting live metacercariae. After about eight weeks, they begin to produce eggs in the lungs. Some patients develop brain damage if parasites establish in the brain and produce eggs. The brain damage commonly causes
608:
Thorough cooking of an infected crustacean kills all stages of the parasite. Crab meat should not be eaten raw, even if pickled, because the pickling solution often fails to kill all the parasites. Utensils and cutlery boards should be cleaned thoroughly before and after food preparation.
866:
446:
vary in size; the adult stage might attain a length of up to 15 millimetres (0.59 in) and a width of up to 8 mm (0.31 in). The adult flatworm has an oval shape body with spines covering its thick tegument. Both the
870:
559:. If the infection remains untreated, the symptoms may diminish or disappear after only few months, but sometimes they last for decades. Paragonimiasis is caused by the body's natural
341:. The name Paragonimus is derived from the combination of two Greek words, “para” (on the side of) and “gonimos” (gonads or genitalia). Several of the species are known as
1197:
1052:
1078:
498:
when they eat infected freshwater crustaceans. Typical hosts include dogs, cats, and humans. Humans usually contract paragonimiasis when they eat undercooked
1171:
1026:
1210:
1065:
337:. Some tens of species have been described, but they are difficult to distinguish, so it is not clear how many of the named species may be
892:
390:
are known to cause human paragonimiasis in which many of the species reside in East Asia, West Africa, and in North and South
America.
455:
are round and muscular. The acetabulum is slightly bigger than the oral sucker – 0.19 mm and 0.12 mm, respectively.
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Imelda Vélez, Luz E. Velásquez and Iván D. Vélez (2003). "Morphological description and life cycle of
1158:
1013:
579:. Untreated cerebral paragonimaisis commonly results in death from increased intracranial pressure.
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and its metraterm, the thick-walled terminal part, lie between the acetabulum and the ovary.
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to the worms and eggs that are present and also migrating from the intestines to the lungs.
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386:, an infectious lung fluke originating in eastern Asia. Worldwide, about nine species of
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749:
720:
689:
544:
350:
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sp. (Trematoda: Troglotrematidae): causal agent of human paragonimiasis in
Colombia".
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G. M. Davis; C. E. Chen; Z. B. Kang; Y. Y. Liu (1994). "Snail hosts of
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are located behind the acetabulum and posterior to the ovary are the
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Worldwide roughly 20 million people are infected with
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8:
803:
801:
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754:) in the context of global paragonimiasis"
750:"North American paragonimiasis (caused by
694:) in the Context of Global Paragonimiasis"
690:"North American Paragonimiasis (caused by
42:
31:
943:
779:
743:
741:
739:
719:
345:. In humans some of the species occur as
617:
663:Biomedical and Environmental Sciences
7:
1242:FB0587E0-982F-D874-F6FC-84CCFE061970
502:(for instance species of the genus
25:
926:"Re-emergence of paragonimiasis"
530:transmit the infection to humans
479:The parasite passes through two
349:; the term for the condition is
65:
945:10.2169/internalmedicine.39.353
361:include at least 54 species of
329:) and is the only genus in the
543:of paragonimiasis may include
376:The most prominent species of
1:
898:. August 2006. Archived from
893:"Paragonimiasis (lung fluke)"
865:Karin Leder; Peter F Weller.
759:Clinical Microbiology Reviews
699:Clinical Microbiology Reviews
411:: acetabulum (ventral sucker)
299:Paragonimus uterobilateralis
661:in Asia and the Americas".
1296:
869:. UpToDate. Archived from
236:Paragonimus iloktsuenensis
208:Paragonimus ecuadoriensis
182:
177:
62:Scientific classification
60:
50:
41:
34:
222:Paragonimus hueitugensis
215:Paragonimus heterotremus
815:Journal of Parasitology
748:Gary W. Procop (2009).
924:Nawa Yukifumi (2000).
752:Paragonimus kellicotti
692:Paragonimus kellicotti
600:with high cure rates.
439:
402:Morphology of typical
383:Paragonimus westermani
306:Paragonimus westermani
278:Paragonimus peruvianus
271:Paragonimus pulmonalis
243:Paragonimus kellicotti
229:Paragonimus ichunensis
54:Paragonimus westermani
688:G. W. Procop (2009).
636:Zoologischer Anzeiger
401:
380:in human medicine is
292:Paragonimus skrjabini
285:Paragonimus sadoensis
257:Paragonimus miyazakii
250:Paragonimus mexicanus
201:Paragonimus compactus
194:Paragonimus caliensis
187:Paragonimus africanus
1265:Plagiorchiida genera
772:10.1128/CMR.00005-08
712:10.1128/cmr.00005-08
512:, that contain live
905:on 11 December 2011
420:: excretory bladder
365:from superfamilies
481:intermediate hosts
465:seminal receptacle
440:
355:intermediate hosts
264:Paragonimus ohirai
1252:
1251:
1224:Open Tree of Life
1092:Open Tree of Life
969:Taxon identifiers
931:Internal Medicine
873:on 21 August 2016
625:M. Braun (1899).
363:freshwater snails
314:
313:
173:
172:Braun, 1899
157:
139:Troglotrematoidea
16:(Redirected from
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867:"Paragonimiasis"
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500:freshwater crabs
496:definitive hosts
491:. It enters its
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643:(603): 489–493.
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598:triclabendazole
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561:immune response
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477:
430:
425:: oral sucker,
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99:Platyhelminthes
64:
28:
27:Genus of flukes
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938:(5): 353–354.
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822:(4): 749–755.
795:
766:(3): 415–446.
735:
706:(3): 415–446.
680:
669:(4): 369–382.
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545:abdominal pain
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351:paragonimiasis
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26:
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14:
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10:
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1280:Plagiorchiida
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1109:Paragonimidae
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514:metacercariae
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505:Nanhaipotamon
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485:aquatic snail
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335:Paragonimidae
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149:Paragonimidae
147:
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135:Superfamily:
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119:Plagiorchiida
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19:
1270:Cat diseases
1108:
976:
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929:
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907:. Retrieved
900:the original
887:
875:. Retrieved
871:the original
860:
819:
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520:Epidemiology
503:
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377:
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367:Cerithioidea
358:
353:. The first
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185:
166:
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148:
52:
35:
29:
1185:iNaturalist
1040:iNaturalist
977:Paragonimus
810:Paragonimus
659:Paragonimus
629:Clinostomum
526:Paragonimus
449:oral sucker
444:Paragonimus
442:Species of
404:Paragonimus
388:Paragonimus
378:Paragonimus
359:Paragonimus
343:lung flukes
325:of flukes (
318:Paragonimus
167:Paragonimus
36:Paragonimus
1259:Categories
909:8 December
613:References
604:Prevention
489:crustacean
475:Life cycle
453:acetabulum
434:: testes,
394:Morphology
371:Rissooidea
327:trematodes
129:Xiphidiata
125:Suborder:
18:Lung fluke
1124:Q15260052
590:bithionol
583:Treatment
493:mammalian
438:: uterus
416:: cecum,
331:monotypic
109:Trematoda
85:Kingdom:
79:Eukaryota
1275:Zoonoses
1118:Wikidata
992:Q2349904
986:Wikidata
954:10830172
844:14533686
790:19597007
730:19597007
594:niclofan
577:seizures
573:vomiting
569:headache
549:diarrhea
541:Symptoms
536:Symptoms
510:crayfish
347:zoonoses
339:synonyms
178:Species
145:Family:
95:Phylum:
89:Animalia
75:Domain:
1097:1040290
1058:1369535
1032:2504049
852:8120364
836:3285872
781:2708389
721:2708389
675:7535537
457:Ovaries
429:: ovary
333:family
162:Genus:
154:Dollfus
115:Order:
105:Class:
51:Egg of
1229:130975
1203:110832
1190:417424
1045:417425
952:
877:15 May
850:
842:
834:
788:
778:
728:
718:
673:
631:Leidy"
627:"Ăśber
596:, and
575:, and
555:, and
487:and a
469:uterus
467:, the
463:. The
461:testes
156:, 1939
1237:Plazi
1216:56737
1198:IRMNG
1151:8R3JQ
1138:28701
1084:34503
1071:56738
1053:IRMNG
1019:60889
1006:28702
903:(PDF)
896:(PDF)
848:S2CID
832:JSTOR
557:hives
553:fever
508:) or
483:, an
323:genus
321:is a
1211:ITIS
1177:6411
1172:GBIF
1164:3009
1133:BOLD
1079:NCBI
1066:ITIS
1027:GBIF
1001:BOLD
950:PMID
911:2011
879:2014
840:PMID
786:PMID
726:PMID
671:PMID
451:and
369:and
1159:EoL
1146:CoL
1014:EoL
940:doi
824:doi
776:PMC
768:doi
716:PMC
708:doi
357:of
1261::
1239::
1226::
1213::
1200::
1187::
1174::
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1120::
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1068::
1055::
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1029::
1016::
1003::
988::
948:.
936:39
934:.
928:.
846:.
838:.
830:.
820:89
818:.
798:^
784:.
774:.
764:22
762:.
756:.
738:^
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714:.
704:22
702:.
696:.
665:.
649:^
641:22
639:.
633:.
592:,
571:,
551:,
547:,
532:.
436:UT
432:TE
427:OV
423:OS
418:EB
414:CE
409:AC
406::
373:.
956:.
942::
913:.
881:.
854:.
826::
792:.
770::
732:.
710::
677:.
667:7
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
