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Lungshar became a target for the ultraconservative Lhasa elite who opposed all modernisation and reform: he was accused of plotting a coup and installing a communist system and was arrested along with, amongst others, the Dalai Lama's trusted personal attendants. Being a noble and thus seen as a
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On his return to Tibet he became the leader of a new progressive group in the
Tibetan government and making great efforts to introduce reforms he became one of the most popular and respected officials in Tibet, except with the conservative nobles and the monastics who were not happy to pay taxes to
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and to act as ambassador at large for Tibet. These students studied modern technology and
English to facilitate the reforms the Dalai Lama felt necessary in Tibet. During his travels in Europe Lungshar learned English, encountered Western democracy, developed an appreciation of England's system of
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Tulku Urgyen accounts this as well in "Blazing
Splendor", Rangjung Yeshe Publ. 2005, P. 59ff. See also: Brown, Mick: The Dance of 17 Lives: The Incredible True Story of Tibet's 17th Karmapa. Bloomsbury Publishing, 2004 pg. 38/39 and Wong, Sylvia: The Karmapa Prophecies, Delhi 2010, pg. 2 and 370.
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The 14th Dalai Lama later assured Thomas Laird, however, that after the death of the 13th Dalai Lama
Lungshar merely gathered those who wished to continue his modernisation campaign, with the main aim of having the government led by lay officials, rather than by monastics who lacked experience in
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Tenga
Rinpoche says in an interview, that these events are mentioned in the biography of the 15th Karmapa, written by a teacher of the 16th Karmapa, Jamgön Kongtrül Khyentse Öser, without naming the "minister" by name (Interview mit Tenga Rinpoche, in: Dharmanektar Nr.3/89).
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administration. But the religious and lay conservatives who opposed modernisation accused him of treason. The swift arrest, imprisonment and blinding of
Lungshar at Trimon's behest ended any further discussion of reform in Lhasa.
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by launching a campaign of suspicion that
Kumbela had brought about the Dalai Lama's death. Kumbela was exiled, but Lungshar failed to gain ascendency. Lungshar was eventually outmaneuvered by the more conservative minister
141:. Lungshar was arrested and punished by the removal of his eyeballs. This was considered the most serious punishment short of death. No one alive had ever seen this punishment done, but members of the untouchable
61:, who were both from peasant stock. All three were said to be exceptionally talented and intelligent with great depth of character. The 'genius', Lungshar, was a doctor, musician, philosopher, poet and statesman.
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greater threat than the other close aides, he was imprisoned and had his eyes gouged out to prevent any further political opposition from his side. The decision to blind the popular, reformist
Lungshar came from
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leadership. In 1912 the reform-minded Dalai Lama, who considered him one of his most able and trusted officials, sent him to
England and several European nations to supervise four Tibetan students at
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as well. He further strengthened and modernized the military, but lost his military post in 1931, after a diplomatic incident when his men pursued a miscreant into the Nepalese embassy. He remained
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who was accused by conservative political opponents of attempting to become the paramount figure of the Tibetan government in the 1930s, by planning a communist coup following the death of the
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fund an army, amongst other reforms which he tried to implement. It was 1914, at a time when the Dalai Lama was strengthening state institutions including the military. Lungshar was appointed
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as the new Karmapa. However, as the child fell from a roof and died, the Dalai Lama later withdrew his support of Lungshar's son and agreed to the recognition of Rangjung Rigpe Dorje.
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Lungshar was one of the 'three favourites', close aides cultivated over two decades by the 13th Dalai Lama, who assigned Tibet's modernisation program to him. The other aides were
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sect. These sources state that the Dalai Lama initially supported this claim in opposition to the supporters of the previous Karmapa, who had already recognised
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constitutional monarchy and became convinced that Tibet needed major political reform if it were to survive in the modern world.
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According to certain sources, during the late 1920s, Lungshar promoted the idea that another of his sons was the reborn 16th
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Lungshar was one of several parties vying for control of the government following the Dalai Lama's death. He defeated rival
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class, who traditionally performed mutilation punishments, had been told by their parents how it was done.
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In 1929, he became commander in chief of the military, still retaining his post of
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Lungshar at Buckingham Palace June 28, 1913 after the audience with King George V
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Lungshar came from an aristocratic family with a history of service to the
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http://karmapaissue.files.wordpress.com/2013/05/affirm-geoffrey-samuel.pdf
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Lungshar and the four Tibetan students just before leaving for England
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A History of Modern Tibet, 1913–1951: The Demise of the Lamaist State
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As with Tsarong and Kunpella, as soon as their protector the
323:(4th ed.). New York: Potala Publications. p. 265.
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The Fourteen Dalai Lamas: A Sacred Legacy of Reincarnation
440:(2001) Clear Light Publishers. Santa Fe, New Mexico.
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The Story of Tibet. Conversations with the Dalai Lama
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278:"Rugby School – Students Meet Dalai Lama"
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412:(1989) University of California Press.
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156:, was also a noted politician.
319:Tsepon W. D. Shakapka (1984).
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453:The Noodle Maker of Kalimpong
244:Hosted at tibet.prm.ox.ac.uk.
124:Lungshar's Residence in the
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352:Goldstein 1989, pp. 169–77
321:Tibet: A Political History
361:Goldstein 1989, pp. 207–9
343:Goldstein 1989, pp. 163-4
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39:(1880–1938) was a noted
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370:Laird 2006, pp. 256–7
282:www.rugbyschool.co.uk
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233:"Lungshar Biography"
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154:Lhalu Tsewang Dorje
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77:Background
44:politician
473:Biography
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391:See also
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134:Kumbela
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71:Trimon
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35:born
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