22:
1568:
975:'no, none, nothing' which always comes at the beginning of the sentence that is to be negated. It is constructed in two possible ways, one for negatives of existence, and one for negatives of identity. If taking the form of a negative of identity, a proclitic
240:
which can mean 'on, above, in, beside, around' among a number of potential other meanings. They come before the object they reference, much like in
English. Examples of this can be found in the following sentences:
153:
Lushootseed is capable of creating grammatically correct sentences that contain only a verb, with no subject or object. All information beyond the action is to be understood by context. This can be demonstrated in
188:
The main reason for the change of word order in
Lushootseed is the fact that a subject pronoun must come second in a sentence. Normally, in VSO word order, the subject comes second. However, if a
1084:
means 'permeate, throughout, filled with, covered with'. It marks stems by converting '' to 'thing serving to contain ', for containers that hold the stem noun in a distributed manner; compare
308:
Determiners usually come before a noun they belong to, and have two possible genders "masculine" (the default) and "feminine". However, in a sentence reordered to become SVO, such as
1071:
Lushootseed has a wide variety of miscellaneous derivational affixes. Most of them apply to nouns to change their exact meaning, but several can change nouns to verbs or vice versa.
793:
is one of the most common. It indicates an imperfective aspect-present tense (similar to
English '-ing') for verbs that do not involve motion. More specifically, a verb may use
979:
must be added to the sentence on the next adverb. If there are no further adverbs in the sentence, the proclitic attaches to the head word of the predicate, as in the sentence
1279:
146:
language, given its high number of morphemes, including a large number of lexical suffixes. Word order is fairly flexible, although it is generally considered to be
1283:
1492:
178:
174:
1391:
192:
is used, the word order is changed to object-subject to preserve the subject-pronoun-second rule. A similar scenario occurs with the negator
1614:
39:
1870:
1762:
1418:
105:
86:
1485:
228:
Here, negation takes the first position, the subject pronoun takes the second, and 'Lummi' is pushed to the end of the sentence.
1130:): this suffix refers more generally to a 'place or building of '. It can also refer to the location of something. For example,
58:
1818:
1757:
1453:
1255:
1217:
43:
65:
1865:
1298:
147:
1478:
72:
1752:
1592:
1787:
1747:
54:
1582:
1656:
1777:
32:
924:
literally means 'to jump, leap, or run, especially in a short burst of energy', and is correctly used with
802:
if it does not result in a change of position for its subject. It is commonly known as a "state of being":
681:
Almost all instances of a verb in
Lushootseed (excluding the zero copula) carry a prefix indicating their
143:
126:
1823:
1813:
1797:
1661:
1553:
1162:
161:
160:' managed to find '. Sentences which contain no verb at all are also common, as Lushootseed has no
689:. Below is a (non-exhaustive) list of these prefixes, along with their meanings and applications.
1507:
1273:
686:
79:
1717:
1687:
1470:
1459:
1449:
1414:
1387:
1261:
1251:
1223:
1213:
1176:
1144:
house," referring not to a literal herring house but to the herring which were prolific there.
1092:'place for keeping '. This prefix is also carried by words relating to the mind, known as the
682:
1116:'gums' (literally 'place for storing teeth') can not refer to something 'covered with teeth'.
327:
within the determiner, following immediately after the first sound of the word. For example,
1844:
1722:
1702:
1692:
1682:
1666:
1651:
1641:
1408:
1792:
1772:
1712:
1697:
1137:
766:
323:
Gender distinction in
Lushootseed primarily manifests in the addition of a feminine infix
1839:
1767:
1631:
1859:
1206:
185:
to mark the change. The exact nature of this particle is the subject of some debate.
1636:
754:
293:
actually means 'on top of a large/bulky object' on its own, but still contains the
181:(VOS). Doing so does not modify the words themselves, but may require the particle
1108:: this suffix refers to a place or building for storing its stem. It differs from
1782:
1587:
1517:
1501:
1354:
1172:
189:
122:
21:
1567:
1304:
1727:
742:
1707:
1265:
1227:
940:, which means 'to jump or run for an extended period of time', is used with
1063:
is considered marginal and does not work with an actual lexical possessor.
851:
729:
1329:
1646:
1141:
173:
Despite its general status as VSO, Lushootseed can be rearranged to be
1602:
236:
Prepositions in
Lushootseed are almost entirely handled by one word,
1112:
in that it does not mean 'something filled or covered with'. Hence,
1463:
1180:
1166:
1474:
514:
For nouns that have only one possible reference, such as names
400:
For nouns that have only one possible reference, such as names
998:
There are five possessive affixes, derived from the pronouns:
15:
664:
The third person plural (which is always optional) loses its
1100:
in
Lushootseed, including the name of the language itself.
887:-. Some verbs also exhibit a contrast in meaning between
314:'The dog is what the children chased' the determiner for
339:'that (feminine)'. The sequence is not spelled with
969:
1832:
1806:
1740:
1675:
1624:
1613:
1575:
1543:
1527:
1516:
668:after a voiced sound (or a vowel in some dialects)
46:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1205:
320:'dog' comes after the noun, instead of before it.
1303:. Lushootseed Press. pp. 2–4. Archived from
1156:
1131:
980:
970:
952:
942:
934:
926:
908:
898:
889:
881:
872:
864:
856:
838:
828:
820:
806:
795:
786:
598:
592:
586:
580:
334:
328:
315:
309:
294:
288:
276:
261:
245:
215:
200:
165:
155:
1382:Bates, Dawn E.; Hess, Thom; Hilbert, Vi (1994).
1204:Bates, Dawn E; Hess, Thom; Hilbert, Vi (1994).
814:'I am feeling fine.' or 'I am in good health.'
493:A generic demonstrative. Sometimes pronounced
379:A generic demonstrative. Sometimes pronounced
1486:
1407:Bates, Dawn; Hess, Thom; Vi, Hilbert (1994).
8:
1446:Lushootseed Reader with Introductory Grammar
1278:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1248:Lushootseed reader with introductory grammar
1212:. Seattle: University of Washington Press.
142:Lushootseed can be considered a relatively
1621:
1566:
1524:
1493:
1479:
1471:
1282:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
106:Learn how and when to remove this message
1000:
708:Imperfective present (non-motion verbs)
691:
605:
459:
345:
1448:. Vol. I. Dallas: Tulalip Tribes.
1196:
1148:
579:Lushootseed has four subject pronouns:
1386:. Seattle: Univ. of Washington Press.
1271:
1377:
1375:
311:sqʷəbayʔ ti ʔučalatəb ʔə tiʔiɬ wiw'su
7:
1349:
1347:
1323:
1321:
1241:
1239:
1237:
718:Imperfective present (motion verbs)
597:'you' (second-person singular), and
44:adding citations to reliable sources
904:-, and only one of them is correct:
818:If a verb does involve motion, the
287:.' (this example is interesting as
164:. An example of such a sentence is
1413:. University of Washington Press.
14:
1763:Swinomish Indian Tribal Community
129:of the Salishan language family.
1297:Hess, Thom; Hilbert, Vi (1995).
20:
1819:Port Madison Indian Reservation
1340:(9): 403–419 – via JSTOR.
1246:Hess, Thom, 1936-2009. (1995).
603:'you' (second-person plural).
31:needs additional citations for
1758:Stillaguamish Tribe of Indians
1:
585:'I' (first-person singular),
1814:Swinomish Indian Reservation
1768:Tulalip Tribes of Washington
591:'we' (first-person plural),
1741:Federally recognized tribes
1361:. Puyallup Tribe of Indians
1334:Anthropological Linguistics
1136:, the location of a former
1887:
1753:Sauk-Suiattle Indian Tribe
1300:Lushootseed Grammar Book 1
1059:The third person singular
826:- prefix is replaced with
1788:Puyallup Tribe of Indians
1748:Upper Skagit Indian Tribe
1564:
932:-. In contrast, the verb
1871:Native American grammars
1783:Muckleshoot Indian Tribe
1583:Salishan oral narratives
1359:Puyallup Tribal Language
1096:. Many stems begin with
985:'Don't get hurt again'.
607:Pronouns of Lushootseed
532:Generic or hypothetical
418:Generic or hypothetical
1778:Snoqualmie Indian Tribe
1181:
1167:
1157:
1132:
1067:Derivational morphology
981:
971:
953:
943:
935:
927:
909:
899:
890:
882:
873:
865:
857:
854:actions use the prefix
839:
829:
821:
807:
796:
787:
599:
593:
587:
581:
335:
329:
316:
310:
295:
289:
277:
262:
246:
216:
201:
166:
156:
1793:Nisqually Indian Tribe
1410:Lushootseed Dictionary
1384:Lushootseed dictionary
1330:"Lushootseed Dialects"
1208:Lushootseed dictionary
1155:Northern Lushootseed:
982:xʷiʔ čəxʷ sixʷ ləbakʷɬ
962:
918:
862:-. Most verbs without
848:
816:
269:'My father is working
226:
121:is the grammar of the
1833:Non-recognized groups
1824:Nisqually Reservation
1506:-speaking peoples of
1355:"About Twulshootseed"
950:
906:
836:
804:
461:Southern Lushootseed
347:Northern Lushootseed
198:
133:Syntax and word order
127:Coast Salish language
55:"Lushootseed grammar"
1866:Lushootseed language
1798:Squaxin Island Tribe
1519:Lushootseed language
1250:. : Tulalip Tribes.
1163:Southern Lushootseed
1002:Possessive Suffixes
466:Masculine (default)
352:Masculine (default)
125:language, a Central
40:improve this article
1593:Transformer/Changer
1535:Lushootseed grammar
1444:Hess, Thom (1995).
1328:Hess, Thom (1977).
1003:
960:'You are jumping.'
778:Subjunctive/future
608:
462:
348:
343:in these contexts.
279:šəqabac ʔal ti piit
179:verb-object-subject
175:subject-verb-object
148:verb-subject-object
119:Lushootseed grammar
1001:
846:'I'm going home.'
606:
460:
346:
209:'Are you Lummi?'
1853:
1852:
1736:
1735:
1562:
1561:
1393:978-0-295-97323-4
1057:
1056:
782:
781:
662:
661:
572:
571:
458:
457:
285:On top of the bed
224:'I am not Lummi.'
116:
115:
108:
90:
1878:
1845:Steilacoom Tribe
1676:Southern peoples
1625:Northern peoples
1622:
1617:
1570:
1525:
1520:
1510:
1504:
1495:
1488:
1481:
1472:
1467:
1432:
1431:
1429:
1427:
1404:
1398:
1397:
1379:
1370:
1369:
1367:
1366:
1351:
1342:
1341:
1325:
1316:
1315:
1313:
1312:
1294:
1288:
1287:
1277:
1269:
1243:
1232:
1231:
1211:
1201:
1186:
1184:
1170:
1160:
1153:
1140:village, means "
1135:
1004:
989:Other morphology
984:
974:
959:
946:
938:
930:
916:'You jump(ed).'
915:
902:
893:
885:
876:
868:
860:
845:
832:
824:
813:
799:
790:
692:
609:
602:
596:
590:
584:
463:
349:
338:
332:
319:
313:
298:
292:
282:
268:
263:ʔuyayus ti dbad
253:
247:stab əw̓ə tiʔiɫ
223:
208:
169:
159:
111:
104:
100:
97:
91:
89:
48:
24:
16:
1886:
1885:
1881:
1880:
1879:
1877:
1876:
1875:
1856:
1855:
1854:
1849:
1828:
1802:
1773:Suquamish Tribe
1732:
1671:
1615:
1609:
1571:
1558:
1539:
1518:
1512:
1508:
1502:
1499:
1456:
1443:
1440:
1435:
1425:
1423:
1421:
1406:
1405:
1401:
1394:
1381:
1380:
1373:
1364:
1362:
1353:
1352:
1345:
1327:
1326:
1319:
1310:
1308:
1296:
1295:
1291:
1270:
1258:
1245:
1244:
1235:
1220:
1203:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1189:
1185:
1171:
1161:
1154:
1150:
1124:(also observed
1069:
996:
991:
967:
843:ƛ̕a čəd ʔálʔal.
679:
674:
577:
529:'a/an', 'some'
415:'a/an', 'some'
333:'that' becomes
306:
234:
212:
170:'What that?'.
167:stab əw̓ə tiʔiɫ
140:
135:
112:
101:
95:
92:
49:
47:
37:
25:
12:
11:
5:
1884:
1882:
1874:
1873:
1868:
1858:
1857:
1851:
1850:
1848:
1847:
1842:
1840:Duwamish Tribe
1836:
1834:
1830:
1829:
1827:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1810:
1808:
1804:
1803:
1801:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1744:
1742:
1738:
1737:
1734:
1733:
1731:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1679:
1677:
1673:
1672:
1670:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1632:Skagit peoples
1628:
1626:
1619:
1611:
1610:
1608:
1607:
1606:
1605:
1599:Spirit Powers
1597:
1596:
1595:
1585:
1579:
1577:
1573:
1572:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1559:
1557:
1556:
1551:
1547:
1545:
1541:
1540:
1538:
1537:
1531:
1529:
1522:
1514:
1513:
1500:
1498:
1497:
1490:
1483:
1475:
1469:
1468:
1454:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1433:
1419:
1399:
1392:
1371:
1343:
1317:
1289:
1256:
1233:
1218:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1187:
1147:
1146:
1145:
1117:
1101:
1068:
1065:
1055:
1054:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1037:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1017:
1016:
1013:
1012:Second Person
1010:
1007:
995:
992:
990:
987:
966:
963:
780:
779:
776:
770:
769:
764:
758:
757:
752:
746:
745:
740:
734:
733:
726:
720:
719:
716:
710:
709:
706:
700:
699:
696:
678:
675:
673:
670:
660:
659:
654:
649:
644:
640:
639:
636:
631:
626:
622:
621:
618:
617:Second Person
615:
612:
576:
573:
570:
569:
566:
563:
558:
552:
551:
548:
545:
540:
534:
533:
530:
527:
522:
516:
515:
512:
509:
504:
498:
497:
491:
488:
483:
477:
476:
473:
470:
467:
456:
455:
452:
449:
444:
438:
437:
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431:
426:
420:
419:
416:
413:
408:
402:
401:
398:
395:
390:
384:
383:
377:
374:
369:
363:
362:
359:
356:
353:
305:
302:
301:
300:
274:
259:
254:'What is that
233:
230:
139:
136:
134:
131:
114:
113:
28:
26:
19:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1883:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1863:
1861:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1837:
1835:
1831:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1811:
1809:
1805:
1799:
1796:
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1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
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1745:
1743:
1739:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1680:
1678:
1674:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1662:Stillaguamish
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1629:
1627:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1612:
1604:
1601:
1600:
1598:
1594:
1591:
1590:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1580:
1578:
1574:
1569:
1555:
1552:
1549:
1548:
1546:
1542:
1536:
1533:
1532:
1530:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1515:
1511:
1505:
1496:
1491:
1489:
1484:
1482:
1477:
1476:
1473:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1451:
1447:
1442:
1441:
1437:
1422:
1420:9780295973234
1416:
1412:
1411:
1403:
1400:
1395:
1389:
1385:
1378:
1376:
1372:
1360:
1356:
1350:
1348:
1344:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1324:
1322:
1318:
1307:on 2021-02-25
1306:
1302:
1301:
1293:
1290:
1285:
1281:
1275:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1253:
1249:
1242:
1240:
1238:
1234:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1215:
1210:
1209:
1200:
1197:
1191:
1183:
1178:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1152:
1149:
1143:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1128:
1123:
1122:
1118:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1106:
1102:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1080:: the prefix
1079:
1078:
1074:
1073:
1072:
1066:
1064:
1062:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1019:
1018:
1015:Third Person
1014:
1011:
1009:First Person
1008:
1006:
1005:
999:
993:
988:
986:
983:
978:
973:
964:
961:
958:
957:təlawil čəxʷ.
956:
949:
948:
945:
939:
937:
931:
929:
923:
917:
914:
912:
905:
903:
901:
895:
892:
886:
884:
878:
875:
869:
867:
861:
859:
853:
850:Completed or
847:
844:
842:
835:
834:
831:
825:
823:
815:
812:
810:
803:
801:
798:
792:
789:
777:
775:
772:
771:
768:
765:
763:
760:
759:
756:
753:
751:
748:
747:
744:
741:
739:
736:
735:
731:
727:
725:
722:
721:
717:
715:
712:
711:
707:
705:
702:
701:
697:
694:
693:
690:
688:
684:
677:Verb prefixes
676:
671:
669:
667:
658:
655:
653:
650:
648:
645:
642:
641:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
624:
623:
620:Third Person
619:
616:
614:First Person
613:
611:
610:
604:
601:
595:
589:
583:
574:
567:
564:
562:
559:
557:
554:
553:
549:
546:
544:
541:
539:
536:
535:
531:
528:
526:
523:
521:
518:
517:
513:
510:
508:
505:
503:
500:
499:
496:
492:
489:
487:
484:
482:
479:
478:
474:
471:
468:
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318:
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303:
297:
291:
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257:
252:
250:
249:ʔal tə stulək
244:
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197:
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145:
144:agglutinating
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124:
120:
110:
107:
99:
96:December 2023
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71:
67:
64:
60:
57: –
56:
52:
51:Find sources:
45:
41:
35:
34:
29:This article
27:
23:
18:
17:
1807:Reservations
1534:
1445:
1438:Bibliography
1424:. Retrieved
1409:
1402:
1383:
1363:. Retrieved
1358:
1337:
1333:
1309:. Retrieved
1305:the original
1299:
1292:
1247:
1207:
1199:
1151:
1133:t̕uʔəlalʔtxʷ
1126:
1125:
1120:
1119:
1113:
1109:
1104:
1103:
1097:
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1023:
997:
976:
968:
954:
951:
941:
933:
925:
921:
919:
913:saxʷəb čəxʷ.
910:
907:
897:
888:
880:
871:
863:
855:
849:
840:
837:
827:
819:
817:
808:
805:
794:
785:
783:
773:
761:
749:
737:
723:
713:
703:
680:
665:
663:
656:
651:
646:
633:
628:
578:
560:
555:
542:
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524:
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494:
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480:
446:
441:
428:
423:
410:
405:
392:
387:
380:
371:
366:
340:
324:
322:
307:
299:preposition)
284:
278:
270:
264:
256:in the river
255:
248:
237:
235:
232:Prepositions
227:
218:
214:
211:
203:
199:
193:
187:
182:
172:
152:
141:
118:
117:
102:
93:
83:
76:
69:
62:
50:
38:Please help
33:verification
30:
1509:Puget Sound
1503:Lushootseed
1179:dialects:
1173:Muckleshoot
811:ƛ̕ubil čəd.
784:The prefix
490:'the', 'a'
376:'the', 'a'
304:Determiners
190:zero copula
123:Lushootseed
1860:Categories
1728:Sahewamish
1718:Steilacoom
1688:Snoqualmie
1455:1879763117
1365:2023-12-11
1311:2019-06-03
1257:1879763117
1219:0295973234
1192:References
1177:Snoqualmie
1168:txʷəlšucid
1158:dxʷləšucid
994:Possession
728:Completed
271:over there
221:lədxʷləbiʔ
177:(SVO) and
138:Word order
66:newspapers
1723:Nisqually
1708:Suquamish
1703:Sammamish
1693:Shilshole
1683:Skykomish
1667:Snohomish
1652:Kikiallus
1642:Swinomish
1464:95-060060
1274:cite book
1182:xʷəlšucid
1114:dᶻədisali
1020:Singular
920:The verb
879:will use
657:(h)əlgʷəʔ
625:Singular
550:Proximal
469:Feminine
436:Proximal
355:Feminine
265:ʔal tudiʔ
202:dxʷləbiʔ
157:ʔuʔəy’dub
1713:Puyallup
1698:Duwamish
1588:dukʷibəɬ
1554:Southern
1550:Northern
1544:Dialects
1426:15 April
1266:79169469
1228:29877333
1138:Duwamish
965:Negation
767:Habitual
732:actions
575:Pronouns
472:Meaning
358:Meaning
317:sqʷəbayʔ
1647:Nuwhaha
1616:Peoples
1576:Culture
1528:Grammar
1142:herring
1127:-ʔaltxʷ
1121:-alʔtxʷ
1053:(none)
1040:Plural
936:təlawil
695:Prefix
685:and/or
643:Plural
568:Distal
565:'that'
547:'this'
454:Distal
451:'that'
433:'this'
290:šəqabac
150:(VSO).
80:scholar
1637:Skagit
1603:Ayahos
1462:
1452:
1417:
1390:
1264:
1254:
1226:
1216:
922:saxʷəb
774:gʷ(ə)-
755:Future
698:Usage
687:aspect
511:'the'
495:ta/tsa
475:Usage
447:tsiʔiɬ
429:tsiʔəʔ
397:'the'
381:ta/tsa
361:Usage
336:tsiʔiɬ
162:copula
82:
75:
68:
61:
53:
1088:with
870:- or
852:telic
730:telic
683:tense
672:Verbs
652:čələp
600:čələp
561:tsiiɬ
442:tiʔiɬ
424:tiʔəʔ
330:tiʔiɬ
217:xʷiʔ
87:JSTOR
73:books
1657:Sauk
1460:LCCN
1450:ISBN
1428:2017
1415:ISBN
1388:ISBN
1284:link
1280:link
1262:OCLC
1252:ISBN
1224:OCLC
1214:ISBN
1175:and
1110:dxʷ-
1105:-ali
1098:dxʷ-
1094:x̌əč
1090:-ali
1086:dxʷ-
1082:dxʷ-
1077:dxʷ-
1049:-ləp
1044:-čəɬ
972:xʷiʔ
896:and
762:ƛ̕u-
743:Past
704:ʔəs-
634:čəxʷ
594:čəxʷ
556:tiiɬ
525:kʷsi
411:kʷsi
238:ʔal,
204:čəxʷ
194:xʷiʔ
59:news
1029:ad-
977:lə-
866:ʔəs
822:ʔəs
809:ʔəs
797:ʔəs
788:ʔəs
750:ɬu-
738:tu-
724:ʔu-
714:lə-
647:čəɬ
629:čəd
588:čəɬ
582:čəd
543:tsi
520:kʷi
486:tsə
406:kʷi
393:tsi
372:tsə
325:-s-
296:ʔal
219:čəd
42:by
1862::
1458:.
1374:^
1357:.
1346:^
1338:19
1336:.
1332:.
1320:^
1276:}}
1272:{{
1260:.
1236:^
1222:.
1165::
1061:-s
1034:-s
1024:d-
955:lə
947:-:
944:lə
928:ʔu
911:ʔu
900:ʔu
891:lə
883:ʔu
874:lə
858:ʔu
841:lə
833:-:
830:lə
666:h-
638:∅
538:ti
507:sə
502:šə
481:tə
388:ti
367:tə
273:.'
258:?'
206:ʔu
183:ʔə
1494:e
1487:t
1480:v
1466:.
1430:.
1396:.
1368:.
1314:.
1286:)
1268:.
1230:.
894:-
877:-
800:-
791:-
341:c
283:'
251:ʷ
196:.
109:)
103:(
98:)
94:(
84:·
77:·
70:·
63:·
36:.
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