17:
48:, the USCGS commenced fieldwork in the Philippine Islands in January 1901. At that time, an insurrection was in progress and the Islands were under military law. The field surveys were conducted under a joint agreement between the USCGS and the Insular Government. From 1901 to 1911, the USCGS established several triangulation networks across the country which had different origins. In 1911, these different networks on different
52:
and with different origins were consolidated into one nationwide network and the Luzon Datum was established with triangulation station
Balanacan as its datum origin. The Luzon Datum became the primary geodetic reference of all surveys in the
32:. The execution of the triangulation of the Philippine Islands extended over almost as long a time as the history of the American occupation in the Philippines. The plan of the government to survey the islands began in March 1900 when a
40:
with instructions to prepare a report on the existing cartographic conditions in the
Philippines and to obtain all information necessary for the execution of geodetic, hydrographic, and topographic surveys in the country.
167:
149:
181:
44:
After the establishment of the sub-office known as the Manila Field
Station, which was housed in the old Intendencia Building in the Walled City of
33:
116:
203:
111:
Charisma
Victoria D. Cayapan "Status of the geodetic infrastructure of the Philippines" IAG/FIG/UNGGIM/LINICG/PHilGEGS
127:
208:
16:
90:
75:
29:
49:
197:
54:
45:
76:"The Work of the U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey in the Philippine Islands"
189:(unpublished manuscript). Washington: U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey.
37:
15:
183:
Philippine
Surveys by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey
91:"The United States Coast and Geodetic Survey in the Philippines"
150:"The Coast and Geodetic Survey in the Philippine Islands"
169:Coast and Geodetic Survey Sesquicentennial Papers
28:was the base for the first modern survey of the
8:
157:The Journal of the Coast and Geodetic Survey
20:Station Balanacan national historical marker
66:
34:United States Coast and Geodetic Survey
115:Manila, Philippines, 21–21 June 2013.
7:
175:. Coast and Geodetic Survey. 1958.
14:
1:
74:Rappelye, Howard S. (1921).
36:(USCGS) officer was sent to
225:
128:"Station Balanacan Primer"
113:ReferenceFrame in Practice
80:The Cornell Civil Engineer
148:Deily, Earle A. (1957).
204:1911 in the Philippines
180:Frisby, E. R. (1921).
21:
19:
26:Luzon Datum of 1911
30:Philippine Islands
22:
101:(3): 21–23. 1922.
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209:Geodetic datums
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142:Further reading
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88:Republished as
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165:Reprinted in
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95:The Transit
86:(2): 19–22.
55:Philippines
198:Categories
61:References
46:Intramuros
133:. NAMRIA.
163:: 4–12.
50:datums
38:Manila
187:(PDF)
173:(PDF)
153:(PDF)
131:(PDF)
24:The
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