325:
68:
466:
55:
489:
2231:
512:
Each beetle contains some 0.2–0.7 mg of cantharidin, males having significantly more than females. The beetle secretes the agent orally, and exudes it from its joints as a milky fluid. The potency of the insect as a blistering agent has been known since antiquity and the activity has been used
406:, increasing the value of mating to the female, and thus increasing the male's reproductive fitness. Zoologists note that the conspicuous coloration, the presence of a powerful toxin, and the adults' aggregating behaviour in full view of any predators strongly suggest
579:
Preparations of
Spanish fly and its active agent have been implicated in both inadvertent and intentional poisonings. Arthur Kendrick Ford was imprisoned in 1954 for the unintended deaths of two women surreptitiously given candies laced with
505:, who demonstrated that it was the principal agent responsible for the aggressively blistering properties of this insect's egg coating. It was asserted at that time that it was as toxic as the most violent poisons then known, such as
1425:
While most commonly available preparations of
Spanish fly contain cantharidin in negligible amounts, if at all, the chemical is available illicitly in concentrations capable of causing severe toxicity.
1133:
Medicines, their uses and mode of administration; including a complete conspectus of the three
British Pharmacopoeias, an account of all the new remedies, and an Appendix of Formulae
2411:
697:
In the 19th century, Spanish fly was used externally mainly as blistering agent and local irritant; also, in chronic gonorrhoea, paralysis, lepra, ulcers therapy.
2450:
1675:
1399:
371:, claw). The bee carries the larvae back to its nest, where they feed on bee larvae and the bees' food supplies. The larvae are thus somewhere between
2517:
2385:
2424:
1045:
1131:
1959:
683:
1584:
1515:
1482:
1016:
1078:
2550:
1450:
1374:
1345:
1309:
1273:
1233:
1188:
923:
1066:
918:. Vol. 3, Insects (2nd ed.). Farmington Hills, Michigan: Thomson-Gale/American Zoo and Aquarium Association. p. 331.
1623:
946:
1668:
1684:
1041:
328:
An aggregation of
Spanish fly adults in Siberia. The behaviour and their toxicity suggest that their conspicuous coloration is
183:
2074:
1104:
1033:
2429:
501:, the principal active component in preparations of Spanish fly, was first isolated and named in 1810 by the French chemist
418:
The
Spanish fly is found across Eurasia, though it is a mainly a southern European species, with some records from southern
2437:
2157:
1750:
853:
830:
999:
Cutler, Horace G. (1992). "An
Historical Perspective of Ancient Poisons". In Nigg, Herbert N.; Seigler, David S. (eds.).
35:
911:
2570:
2320:
2207:
1661:
1397:
Karras, David J.; Farrell, S. E.; Harrigan, R. A.; et al. (1996). "Poisoning From "Spanish Fly" (Cantharidin)".
2364:
2575:
2565:
2555:
2455:
2187:
2167:
1645:
521:, beetle), obtained from dried and ground beetles. The crushed powder is of yellow-brown to brown-olive color with
398:, for which the beetle is known, is synthesised only by males; females obtain it from males during mating, as the
2377:
1539:
295:
2560:
2152:
2147:
679:
881:
513:
in various ways. This has led to its small-scale commercial preparation and sale, in a powdered form known as
67:
2054:
2031:
1944:
1602:"Prevention of Rabies by Application of Lytta vesicatoria in Persian Medicine Texts in Islamic Civilization"
1571:
1507:
2250:
2119:
561:
267:
251:
2325:
2288:
2212:
2104:
1894:
1889:
1740:
162:
552:. It causes irritation, blistering, bleeding and discomfort. These effects can escalate to erosion and
347:
The female lays her fertilised eggs on the ground, near the nest of a ground-nesting solitary bee. The
2333:
2297:
2059:
1853:
1840:
1639:
752:
324:
2217:
2162:
1929:
1914:
1798:
1601:
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1735:
599:
Currently the cantharidin in US, in the form of collodion, is used in the treatment of warts and
569:
388:
62:
2416:
1576:
774:
351:
are very active as soon as they hatch. They climb a flowering plant and await the arrival of a
17:
2545:
2476:
1939:
1909:
1858:
1848:
1757:
1580:
1511:
1478:
1446:
1416:
1370:
1341:
1305:
1269:
1229:
1184:
1012:
919:
729:
589:
2481:
803:
355:. They hook themselves on to the bee using the three claws on their legs that give the first
2109:
1991:
1884:
1879:
1745:
1408:
1179:. In Holstege, Christopher P.; Neer, Thomas; Saathoff, Gregory B.; Furbee, R. Brent (eds.).
1004:
656:
2463:
2302:
2044:
502:
236:. The substance has also found culinary use in some blends of the North African spice mix
1082:
232:, a toxic blistering agent once used as an exfoliating agent, anti-rheumatic drug and an
391:. The adults emerge from the bees' nest and fly to the woody plants on which they feed.
2372:
2359:
2235:
2126:
2099:
2025:
1899:
1783:
1716:
1500:
953:
675:
465:
341:
211:
129:
1445:(2nd ed.). London, England: Elsevier Academic Press. pp. 145–152, esp. 150.
1412:
1183:. Burlington, Massachusetts: Jones & Bartlett. pp. 39–48, esp. 41, 43, 45ff.
1111:. Polish Biodiversity Information Network (Krajowa Sieć Informacji o Bioróżnorodności)
294:, the soldier beetles. It was classified there erroneously until the Danish zoologist
2539:
2182:
1727:
1262:
979:
858:
617:
573:
419:
399:
384:
344:. It is approximately 5 mm (0.2 in) wide by 20 mm (0.8 in) long.
238:
179:
682:, Spanish fly was used to attempt to treat skin diseases, while in medieval Persia,
2508:
2114:
2079:
2003:
1773:
1566:
1544:
636:
593:
442:
403:
352:
303:
1653:
621:
sometimes included as a minor ingredient "green metallic beetles", inferred to be
1438:
1362:
1333:
1297:
1257:
1221:
1176:
242:. Its various supposed benefits have been responsible for accidental poisonings.
2442:
2398:
2282:
2177:
2008:
1979:
1904:
1874:
1828:
1778:
1205:
1008:
709:
705:
585:
581:
526:
498:
492:
483:
438:
434:
407:
395:
329:
291:
233:
229:
203:
54:
1954:
1949:
1806:
1721:
668:
553:
522:
506:
360:
337:
259:
222:
2273:
2346:
2172:
1788:
1638:
1477:. Mount Vernon, Virginia: Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. pp. 27–36.
1369:(2nd ed.). London, England: Elsevier Academic Press. pp. 975–978.
1340:(2nd ed.). London, England: Elsevier Academic Press. pp. 195–206.
985:
600:
560:
in each system, sometimes followed by severe gastro-intestinal bleeding and
530:
488:
286:
226:
99:
79:
1256:
Blood, Douglas
Charles; Studdert, Virginia P.; Gay, Clive C., eds. (2007).
387:
larvae for the remaining two or more instars, in a development type called
1420:
947:"Illustrated lecture notes on Tropical Medicine - Ectoparasites - Beetles"
2502:
2468:
2312:
2267:
2069:
1974:
1816:
1811:
981:
Male
Nuptial Gifts: Phenotypic Consequences and Evolutionary Implications
664:
640:
626:
535:
426:
376:
372:
313:
2230:
2522:
2390:
2064:
2020:
1986:
1964:
1919:
660:
632:
625:, although its sale in Moroccan spice markets was banned in the 1990s.
612:
380:
215:
854:"On the nomenclature and classification of Meloidae (Coleoptera)]"
2403:
1998:
1699:
1688:
691:
557:
356:
263:
207:
119:
109:
89:
30:
This article is about the insect species. For other uses of the term
2244:
2351:
1363:"Terrestrial Zootoxins [Coleoptera: Meloidae (Blister Beetles)"
1969:
644:
487:
464:
430:
348:
323:
308:
139:
831:"On the Nomenclature and Classification of Meloidae (Coleoptera)"
2338:
2013:
1361:
Gwaltney-Brant, Sharon M.; Dunayer, Eric; Youssef, Hany (2012).
1038:
Lytta vesicatoria (Linnaeus, 1758), Taxonomic Serial No.: 114404
450:
446:
2248:
1657:
647:, and other various spices, occasionally included cantharides.
525:
reflections, is of disagreeable scent, and is bitter to taste.
225:
preparations as "Cantharides". The insect is the source of the
1600:
Moallemi, Mostafa; Yousofpour, Mohammad; Jokar, Assie (2021).
549:
454:
221:
The species and others in its family were used in traditional
336:
The adult
Spanish fly is a slender, soft-bodied metallic and
1439:"Methods for Analysis of Gastrointestinal Toxicants (Ch. 9)"
1302:
Mosby's
Dictionary of Complementary and Alternative Medicine
978:
Boggs, Carol L. (1995). Leather, S. R.; Hardie, J. (eds.).
1304:(3rd ed.). Philadelphia, PA, USA: Elsevier Saunders.
1147:
Robiquet, M. (1810). "Expériences sur les cantharides".
952:. Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp. Archived from
548:
Cantharidin is dangerously toxic, inhibiting the enzyme
27:
Species of beetle that produces a toxic blistering agent
615:
and other parts of North Africa, spice blends known as
1181:
Criminal Poisoning: Clinical and Forensic Perspectives
905:
903:
901:
899:
704:
An extract from the beetle was thought to be a strong
631:, a spread or jam made in North Africa and containing
1367:
Veterinary Toxicology: Basic and Clinical Principles
1001:
Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture
2492:
2257:
2198:
2140:
2092:
2043:
1928:
1867:
1839:
1797:
1766:
1709:
1695:
1506:. Vannithone, Soun (illustrator). Oxford, England:
1475:
The Death of George Washington: He Died as He Lived
1499:
1261:
1268:(3rd ed.). Philadelphia, PA, USA: Elsevier.
533:, and is produced by some other insects, such as
1441:. In Hooser, Stephen; McQueen, Charlene (eds.).
1336:. In Hooser, Stephen; McQueen, Charlene (eds.).
1334:"Comparative Gastrointestinal Toxicity (Ch. 16)"
1226:APC Textbook of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology
568:destruction, resulting in gastro-intestinal and
302:in 1775. He reclassified the Spanish fly as the
1649:. Vol. V (9th ed.). 1878. p. 31.
882:"Cantharidin and insects: an historical review"
659:, the beetles were mixed with human excrement,
797:
795:
1669:
1034:"Geographic Information: Geographic Division"
751:Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert (1940).
728:Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert (1940).
8:
1264:Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary
1170:
1168:
1166:
1164:
1162:
875:
873:
701:was used internally as a diuretic stimulant
214:family (Meloidae). It is distributed across
1228:. New Delhi, India: Avichal. p. 652f.
730:"λύττα, λυττάω, λυττητικός, etc., v. λυσς-"
2245:
1706:
1676:
1662:
1654:
1400:The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
425:Adult beetles primarily feed on leaves of
53:
42:
1498:Davidson, Alan (1999). Jaine, Tom (ed.).
810:. Huntingdon Valley, Pennsylvania: Farlex
258:), meaning martial rage, raging madness,
779:Latin Dictionary & Grammar Resources
596:, the condition which caused his death.
1624:Is "Spanish Fly" really an aphrodisiac?
1046:Integrated Taxonomic Information System
775:"Latin definition for: vesica, vesicae"
720:
1960:List of crop plants pollinated by bees
1204:the active agent appears variously as
1130:Neligan, J. M.; Macnamara, R. (1867).
1208:, and "cantharadin" or "canthariadin"
1107:Lytta (Lytta) vesicatoria vesicatoria
1079:UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology
584:, which he had intended to act as an
410:among the blistering meloid beetles.
7:
2378:a5f253ae-22dc-4e60-a6de-5215f6df72f7
1606:Traditional and Integrative Medicine
1332:Evans, T. J.; Hooser, S. B. (2010).
517:(from the plural of Greek κανθαρίς,
383:into very different, more typically
1538:Green, Jonathon (12 October 2002).
1136:. Fanin & Company. p. 297.
667:to make the world's first recorded
639:, pistachio nuts, sugar, orange or
916:Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia
912:"Coleoptera (beetles and weevils)"
25:
808:Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary
690:(ذراریـح), to attempt to prevent
592:was treated with Spanish fly for
2229:
1222:"VII. Spanish Fly (Cantharides)"
340:golden-green insect, one of the
66:
1042:United States Geological Survey
18:Lytta vesicatoria (Spanish fly)
2075:Home-stored product entomology
829:Selander, Richardg B. (1991).
445:. It is occasionally found on
1:
2158:Decline in insect populations
1751:List of insect-inspired songs
1413:10.1016/S0735-6757(96)90158-8
1365:. In Gupta, Ramesh C. (ed.).
1296:Jonas, Wayne B., ed. (2005).
588:. It has been suggested that
402:contains some. This may be a
1502:The Oxford Companion to Food
1473:Henriques, Peter R. (2000).
1220:Aggrawal, Anil, ed. (2007).
910:Schlager, Neil, ed. (2004).
886:The Great Lakes Entomologist
36:Spanish fly (disambiguation)
1032:Guala, Gerald, ed. (2015).
1009:10.1007/978-1-4899-2584-8_1
686:applied Spanish fly, named
290:is in an unrelated family,
2592:
2188:Pesticide toxicity to bees
2168:List of endangered insects
1175:Froberg, Blake A. (2010).
481:
478:Preparation of cantharidin
298:corrected its name in his
29:
2551:Beetles described in 1758
2226:
880:Young, Daniel K. (1984).
529:, the active agent, is a
296:Johan Christian Fabricius
254:is from the Greek λύττα (
168:
161:
63:Scientific classification
61:
52:
45:
2153:Colony collapse disorder
2148:Bees and toxic chemicals
1443:Comprehensive Toxicology
1338:Comprehensive Toxicology
852:Selander, R. B. (1991).
2055:Insect bites and stings
2032:Drosophila melanogaster
1945:Biological pest control
1646:Encyclopædia Britannica
1572:Riding the Iron Rooster
1540:"Spoonfuls of paradise"
1508:Oxford University Press
544:Toxicity and poisonings
461:Interaction with humans
394:The defensive chemical
320:Description and ecology
2120:Rats, Lice and History
1437:Wilson, C. R. (2010).
562:acute tubular necrosis
495:
474:
333:
270:is derived from Latin
246:Etymology and taxonomy
2105:Alfred Russel Wallace
1890:Entomological warfare
1741:Insects in literature
1575:. Ivy Books. p.
755:. Liddell & Scott
732:. Liddell & Scott
491:
468:
327:
284:, although the genus
282:Cantharis vesicatoria
2373:Fauna Europaea (new)
2060:Insect sting allergy
1854:Cicadas in mythology
1040:. Reston, Virginia:
379:. The active larvae
300:Systema entomologiae
198:, also known as the
2163:Habitat destruction
1915:Insects in religion
1640:"Cantharides"
1075:UK Beetle Recording
988:. pp. 215–242.
712:were named thusly.
359:larvae their name,
280:was formerly named
154:L. vesicatoria
2571:Insects in culture
2494:Meloe vesicatorius
2236:Insects portal
2208:Insects and humans
1736:Arthropods in film
1685:Human interactions
1085:on 4 November 2017
959:on 20 January 2022
496:
475:
389:hypermetamorphosis
334:
2576:Parasites of bees
2566:Beetles of Europe
2556:Poisonous animals
2533:
2532:
2477:Open Tree of Life
2303:Lytta_vesicatoria
2289:Lytta vesicatoria
2259:Lytta vesicatoria
2251:Taxon identifiers
2242:
2241:
2131:Insect Literature
2088:
2087:
1987:Carmine/Cochineal
1940:Beneficial insect
1910:Insects in ethics
1859:Scarab (artifact)
1849:Bees in mythology
1758:Insects on stamps
1586:978-0-8041-0454-8
1517:978-0-19-211579-9
1510:. p. 671ff.
1484:978-0-931917-35-6
1149:Annales de Chimie
1071:(Linnaeus, 1758)"
1069:Lytta vesicatoria
1018:978-1-4899-2586-2
590:George Washington
570:renal dysfunction
414:Range and habitat
306:of the new genus
278:Lytta vesicatoria
195:Lytta vesicatoria
191:
190:
172:Lytta vesicatoria
47:Lytta vesicatoria
16:(Redirected from
2583:
2526:
2525:
2513:
2512:
2511:
2485:
2484:
2472:
2471:
2459:
2458:
2446:
2445:
2443:NBNSYS0000024945
2433:
2432:
2420:
2419:
2407:
2406:
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2368:
2367:
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2354:
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2316:
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2306:
2305:
2293:
2292:
2291:
2278:
2277:
2276:
2246:
2234:
2233:
2110:Jean-Henri Fabre
1885:Cricket fighting
1880:Cockroach racing
1746:Insects in music
1707:
1678:
1671:
1664:
1655:
1650:
1642:
1626:
1620:
1614:
1613:
1597:
1591:
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1211:
1201:
1199:
1197:
1172:
1157:
1156:
1144:
1138:
1137:
1127:
1121:
1120:
1118:
1116:
1101:
1095:
1094:
1092:
1090:
1081:. Archived from
1063:
1057:
1056:
1054:
1052:
1029:
1023:
1022:
996:
990:
989:
975:
969:
968:
966:
964:
958:
951:
943:
937:
936:
934:
932:
907:
894:
893:
877:
868:
867:
849:
843:
842:
826:
820:
819:
817:
815:
799:
790:
789:
787:
785:
771:
765:
764:
762:
760:
748:
742:
741:
739:
737:
725:
684:Islamic medicine
312:, in the family
174:
71:
70:
57:
43:
21:
2591:
2590:
2586:
2585:
2584:
2582:
2581:
2580:
2561:Insect products
2536:
2535:
2534:
2529:
2521:
2516:
2507:
2506:
2501:
2488:
2480:
2475:
2467:
2464:Observation.org
2462:
2454:
2449:
2441:
2436:
2428:
2423:
2415:
2410:
2402:
2397:
2389:
2384:
2376:
2371:
2363:
2358:
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2337:
2332:
2324:
2319:
2311:
2309:
2301:
2296:
2287:
2286:
2281:
2272:
2271:
2266:
2253:
2243:
2238:
2228:
2222:
2200:
2194:
2136:
2084:
2046:
2039:
1931:
1924:
1863:
1835:
1793:
1762:
1702:
1697:
1691:
1682:
1637:
1634:
1629:
1621:
1617:
1599:
1598:
1594:
1587:
1565:
1564:
1560:
1550:
1548:
1537:
1536:
1532:
1522:
1520:
1518:
1497:
1496:
1492:
1485:
1472:
1471:
1467:
1457:
1455:
1453:
1436:
1435:
1431:
1396:
1395:
1391:
1381:
1379:
1377:
1360:
1359:
1355:
1348:
1331:
1330:
1326:
1316:
1314:
1312:
1295:
1294:
1290:
1280:
1278:
1276:
1255:
1254:
1250:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1219:
1218:
1214:
1195:
1193:
1191:
1174:
1173:
1160:
1146:
1145:
1141:
1129:
1128:
1124:
1114:
1112:
1109:Linnaeus, 1758"
1103:
1102:
1098:
1088:
1086:
1065:
1064:
1060:
1050:
1048:
1031:
1030:
1026:
1019:
998:
997:
993:
977:
976:
972:
962:
960:
956:
949:
945:
944:
940:
930:
928:
926:
909:
908:
897:
879:
878:
871:
851:
850:
846:
828:
827:
823:
813:
811:
801:
800:
793:
783:
781:
773:
772:
768:
758:
756:
750:
749:
745:
735:
733:
727:
726:
722:
718:
653:
609:
546:
503:Pierre Robiquet
486:
480:
463:
416:
342:blister beetles
322:
248:
187:
176:
170:
157:
65:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2589:
2587:
2579:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2538:
2537:
2531:
2530:
2528:
2527:
2514:
2498:
2496:
2490:
2489:
2487:
2486:
2473:
2460:
2447:
2434:
2421:
2408:
2395:
2382:
2369:
2360:Fauna Europaea
2356:
2343:
2330:
2317:
2307:
2294:
2279:
2263:
2261:
2255:
2254:
2249:
2240:
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2215:
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2204:
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2196:
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2127:Lafcadio Hearn
2124:
2112:
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2102:
2100:Jan Swammerdam
2096:
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2067:
2062:
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2037:
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2035:
2026:Model organism
2023:
2018:
2017:
2016:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1995:
1994:
1984:
1983:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1947:
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1936:
1934:
1926:
1925:
1923:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1900:Insect farming
1897:
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1784:Artificial fly
1781:
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1761:
1760:
1755:
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1743:
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1724:
1717:Insects in art
1713:
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1704:
1693:
1692:
1683:
1681:
1680:
1673:
1666:
1658:
1652:
1651:
1633:
1632:External links
1630:
1628:
1627:
1622:Joe Schwarcz,
1615:
1592:
1585:
1558:
1530:
1516:
1490:
1483:
1465:
1452:978-0080468846
1451:
1429:
1407:(5): 478–483.
1389:
1376:978-0123859266
1375:
1353:
1347:978-0080468846
1346:
1324:
1311:978-0323025164
1310:
1288:
1275:978-0702027888
1274:
1248:
1235:978-8177394191
1234:
1212:
1190:978-1449617578
1189:
1158:
1139:
1122:
1096:
1058:
1024:
1017:
991:
970:
938:
925:978-0787657796
924:
895:
869:
844:
821:
802:Anon (2012) .
791:
766:
743:
719:
717:
714:
708:, and various
699:L. vesicatoria
676:ancient Greece
652:
649:
623:L. vesicatoria
608:
605:
550:phosphatase 2A
545:
542:
482:Main article:
479:
476:
473:, 19th century
462:
459:
415:
412:
321:
318:
260:Bacchic frenzy
247:
244:
212:blister beetle
206:emerald-green
189:
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177:
166:
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2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
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2203:
2197:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2183:Neonicotinoid
2181:
2179:
2176:
2175:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
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2159:
2156:
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2019:
2015:
2012:
2011:
2010:
2007:
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2002:
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1993:
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1868:Other aspects
1866:
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1827:
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1729:
1728:Musca depicta
1725:
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1607:
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1596:
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1568:
1567:Theroux, Paul
1562:
1559:
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1357:
1354:
1349:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1328:
1325:
1313:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1298:"Cantharides"
1292:
1289:
1277:
1271:
1266:
1265:
1259:
1258:"Cantharides"
1252:
1249:
1237:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1216:
1213:
1209:
1207:
1192:
1186:
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1123:
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1059:
1047:
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1028:
1025:
1020:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1003:. p. 3.
1002:
995:
992:
987:
983:
982:
974:
971:
955:
948:
942:
939:
927:
921:
917:
913:
906:
904:
902:
900:
896:
892:(4): 187–194.
891:
887:
883:
876:
874:
870:
865:
861:
860:
859:Insecta Mundi
855:
848:
845:
840:
836:
835:Insecta Mundi
832:
825:
822:
809:
805:
798:
796:
792:
780:
776:
770:
767:
754:
747:
744:
731:
724:
721:
715:
713:
711:
707:
702:
700:
695:
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
672:
670:
666:
662:
658:
657:ancient China
650:
648:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
629:
624:
620:
619:
618:ras el hanout
614:
607:Culinary uses
606:
604:
602:
597:
595:
591:
587:
583:
577:
576:, and death.
575:
574:organ failure
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
551:
543:
541:
539:
537:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
510:
508:
504:
500:
494:
490:
485:
477:
472:
467:
460:
458:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
423:
421:
420:Great Britain
413:
411:
409:
405:
401:
400:spermatophore
397:
392:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
367:, three, and
366:
362:
358:
354:
350:
345:
343:
339:
331:
326:
319:
317:
315:
311:
310:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
288:
283:
279:
275:
273:
269:
268:specific name
265:
261:
257:
253:
245:
243:
241:
240:
239:ras el hanout
235:
231:
228:
224:
219:
217:
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
196:
185:
181:
175:
173:
167:
164:
163:Binomial name
160:
156:
155:
150:
147:
146:
143:
142:
138:
135:
134:
131:
128:
125:
124:
121:
118:
115:
114:
111:
108:
105:
104:
101:
98:
95:
94:
91:
88:
85:
84:
81:
78:
75:
74:
69:
64:
60:
56:
51:
48:
44:
41:
37:
33:
19:
2493:
2258:
2213:Insecticides
2130:
2118:
2115:Hans Zinsser
2080:Clothes moth
2030:
1841:In mythology
1823:
1774:Fishing bait
1726:
1644:
1618:
1609:
1605:
1595:
1570:
1561:
1549:. Retrieved
1545:The Guardian
1543:
1533:
1521:. Retrieved
1501:
1493:
1474:
1468:
1456:. Retrieved
1442:
1432:
1424:
1404:
1398:
1392:
1380:. Retrieved
1366:
1356:
1337:
1327:
1315:. Retrieved
1301:
1291:
1279:. Retrieved
1263:
1251:
1239:. Retrieved
1225:
1215:
1203:
1194:. Retrieved
1180:
1152:
1148:
1142:
1132:
1125:
1113:. Retrieved
1106:
1099:
1087:. Retrieved
1083:the original
1074:
1068:
1061:
1049:. Retrieved
1037:
1027:
1000:
994:
980:
973:
961:. Retrieved
954:the original
941:
929:. Retrieved
915:
889:
885:
863:
857:
847:
838:
834:
824:
812:. Retrieved
807:
804:"Cantharide"
782:. Retrieved
778:
769:
757:. Retrieved
746:
734:. Retrieved
723:
710:love potions
703:
698:
696:
687:
673:
654:
637:almond paste
627:
622:
616:
610:
598:
594:epiglottitis
578:
547:
534:
518:
514:
511:
497:
470:
443:white willow
424:
422:and Poland.
417:
404:nuptial gift
393:
368:
364:
363:(from Latin
353:solitary bee
346:
335:
307:
304:type species
299:
285:
281:
277:
276:
271:
255:
252:generic name
249:
237:
220:
199:
194:
193:
192:
171:
169:
153:
152:
140:
46:
40:
31:
2399:iNaturalist
2283:Wikispecies
2199:Categories,
2178:Insecticide
2009:Sericulture
1980:Royal jelly
1905:Flea circus
1895:Entomophagy
1829:Cantharidin
1824:Spanish fly
1799:In medicine
1779:Fly fishing
1710:In the arts
1612:(1): 70–77.
1551:14 February
1523:13 December
1458:14 December
1382:14 December
1317:14 December
1281:14 December
1241:14 December
1206:cantharidin
1196:16 December
1051:20 December
963:14 February
931:20 December
866:(2): 65–94.
841:(2): 65–94.
814:14 December
759:14 February
736:14 February
706:aphrodisiac
586:aphrodisiac
582:cantharidin
527:Cantharidin
515:cantharides
499:Cantharidin
493:Cantharidin
484:Cantharidin
471:Cantharides
469:Collecting
439:honeysuckle
435:amur privet
408:aposematism
396:cantharidin
385:scarabaeoid
361:triungulins
292:Cantharidae
274:, blister.
234:aphrodisiac
230:cantharidin
200:Spanish fly
32:Spanish fly
2540:Categories
2509:Q109599229
2218:Pesticides
1955:Bee pollen
1950:Beekeeping
1932:entomology
1875:Biomimicry
1807:Apitherapy
1767:In fishing
1722:Beetlewing
1703:in culture
1155:: 302–322.
1115:12 January
1089:12 January
784:19 January
716:References
669:stink bomb
651:Other uses
566:glomerular
538:immaculata
523:iridescent
507:strychnine
338:iridescent
330:aposematic
223:apothecary
204:aposematic
120:Coleoptera
100:Arthropoda
2201:templates
2173:Pesticide
1789:Fly tying
1177:"Animals"
986:CRC Press
665:wolfsbane
601:molluscum
531:terpenoid
519:Kantharis
377:parasites
373:predators
287:Cantharis
227:terpenoid
148:Species:
86:Kingdom:
80:Eukaryota
2546:Meloidae
2503:Wikidata
2417:10766870
2310:BioLib:
2268:Wikidata
2141:Concerns
2093:Pioneers
2070:Woodworm
1975:Propolis
1930:Economic
1817:Melittin
1812:Apitoxin
1569:(1989).
641:tamarind
628:Dawamesk
554:bleeding
536:Epicauta
314:Meloidae
202:, is an
180:Linnaeus
130:Meloidae
126:Family:
96:Phylum:
90:Animalia
76:Domain:
2523:4457221
2482:1076134
2391:1046592
2339:1220034
2274:Q624996
2065:Bed bug
2047:insects
2045:Harmful
2021:Shellac
1965:Beeswax
1920:Jingzhe
1700:insects
1696:Aspects
1689:insects
1421:8765116
753:"λύσσα"
688:ḏarārīḥ
661:arsenic
633:hashish
613:Morocco
369:ungulus
216:Eurasia
210:in the
136:Genus:
116:Order:
110:Insecta
106:Class:
2456:404363
2430:114404
2365:123716
2352:LYTTVE
2326:459352
2004:Kermes
1999:Chitin
1992:Polish
1583:
1514:
1481:
1449:
1419:
1373:
1344:
1308:
1272:
1232:
1210:(sic).
1202:Note:
1187:
1015:
922:
692:rabies
663:, and
645:cloves
643:peel,
558:mucosa
453:, and
357:instar
349:larvae
272:vesica
266:. The
264:rabies
208:beetle
34:, see
2469:23533
2412:IRMNG
2404:68005
2313:14466
1970:Honey
1687:with
957:(PDF)
950:(PDF)
431:lilac
381:moult
309:Lytta
262:, or
256:lytta
141:Lytta
2518:GBIF
2451:NCBI
2425:ITIS
2386:GBIF
2347:EPPO
2321:BOLD
2014:Silk
1581:ISBN
1553:2017
1525:2015
1512:ISBN
1479:ISBN
1460:2015
1447:ISBN
1417:PMID
1384:2015
1371:ISBN
1342:ISBN
1319:2015
1306:ISBN
1283:2015
1270:ISBN
1243:2015
1230:ISBN
1198:2015
1185:ISBN
1117:2017
1091:2018
1053:2015
1013:ISBN
965:2017
933:2015
920:ISBN
816:2015
786:2022
761:2017
738:2017
680:Rome
678:and
564:and
451:rose
447:plum
441:and
375:and
250:The
184:1758
2438:NBN
2334:EoL
2298:ADW
1698:of
1409:doi
1005:doi
674:In
655:In
611:In
556:of
455:elm
427:ash
365:tri
2542::
2520::
2505::
2479::
2466::
2453::
2440::
2427::
2414::
2401::
2388::
2375::
2362::
2349::
2336::
2323::
2300::
2285::
2270::
1643:.
1608:.
1604:.
1579:.
1577:54
1542:.
1423:.
1415:.
1405:14
1403:.
1300:.
1260:.
1224:.
1161:^
1153:76
1151:.
1077:.
1073:.
1044:,
1036:.
1011:.
984:.
914:.
898:^
890:17
888:.
884:.
872:^
862:.
856:.
837:.
833:.
806:.
794:^
777:.
694:.
671:.
635:,
603:.
572:,
540:.
509:.
457:.
449:,
437:,
433:,
429:,
316:.
218:.
182:,
2133:)
2129:(
2123:)
2117:(
1677:e
1670:t
1663:v
1610:6
1589:.
1555:.
1527:.
1487:.
1462:.
1411::
1386:.
1350:.
1321:.
1285:.
1245:.
1200:.
1119:.
1105:"
1093:.
1067:"
1055:.
1021:.
1007::
967:.
935:.
864:5
839:5
818:.
788:.
763:.
740:.
332:.
186:)
178:(
38:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
