152:
407:. This can be tested by simply waving a hand in front of the screen; if it appears to have sharply-defined edges as it moves, the backlight is pulsing at a fairly low frequency. If the hand appears blurry, the display either has a continuously-illuminated backlight or is operating at a frequency too high to perceive. Flicker can be reduced (or eliminated) by setting the display to full brightness, although this can degrade image quality and increases power consumption.
40:
1279:
230:
The combination of LED dynamic backlight control in combination with reflective polarizers and prismatic films (invented by
Philips researchers Adrianus de Vaan and Paulus Schaareman make these "LED" (LCD) televisions far more efficient than the previous CRT-based sets, leading to a worldwide energy
201:
LED-backlit LCDs are not self-illuminating (unlike pure-LED systems). There are several methods of backlighting an LCD panel using LEDs, including the use of either white or RGB (Red, Green, and Blue) LED arrays behind the panel and edge-LED lighting (which uses white LEDs around the inside frame of
101:
displays. This is because even in the "off" state, black pixels still allow some light from the backlight through. Some LED-backlit LCDs use local dimming zones to increase contrast between bright and dim areas of the display, but this can result in a "blooming" or "halo" effect on dark pixels in or
226:
Using PWM (pulse-width modulation), a technology where the intensity of the LEDs are kept constant but the brightness adjustment is achieved by varying a time interval of flashing these constant light intensity light sources, the backlight is dimmed to the brightest color that appears on the screen
209:
005 (introduced in 2004), which used RGB LED arrays to produce a color gamut about twice that of a conventional CCFL LCD television. This was possible because red, green and blue LEDs have sharp spectral peaks which (combined with the LCD panel filters) result in significantly less bleed-through to
218:
Television sets described as "LED TVs" are LCD-based, with the LEDs dynamically controlled using the video information (dynamic backlight control or dynamic "local dimming" LED backlight, also marketed as HDR, high dynamic range television, invented by
Philips researchers Douglas Stanton, Martinus
189:
The local dimming method of backlighting allows to dynamically control the level of light intensity of specific areas of darkness on the screen, resulting in much higher dynamic-contrast ratios, though at the cost of less detail in small, bright objects on a dark background, such as star fields or
234:
The prismatic and reflective polarization films are generally achieved using so called DBEF films manufactured and supplied by 3M. These reflective polarization films using uniaxial oriented polymerized liquid crystals (birefringent polymers or birefringent glue) were invented in 1989 by
Philips
222:
The evolution of energy standards and the increasing public expectations regarding power consumption made it necessary for backlight systems to manage their power. As for other consumer electronics products (e.g., fridges or light bulbs), energy consumption categories are enforced for television
315:
to be generated by the RGB color filters of the LCD panel. The quantum dots may be in a separate layer as a quantum dot enhancement film, or replace pigment-based green and red resists normally used in LCD color filters. In addition, efficiency is improved, as intermediate colors are no longer
277:
Because LEDs can be switched on and off more quickly than CCFLs and can offer a higher light output, it is theoretically possible to offer very high contrast ratios. They can produce deep blacks (LEDs off) and high brightness (LEDs on). However, measurements made from pure-black and pure-white
223:
sets. Standards for power ratings for TV sets have been introduced, e.g., in the US, EU, Australia, and China. A 2008 study showed that among
European countries power consumption is one of the most important criteria for consumers when they choose a television, as important as the screen size.
379:
Mini LED displays are LED-backlit LCDs with mini-LED–based backlighting supporting over a thousand full array local dimming (FALD) zones, providing deeper blacks and a higher contrast ratio. An example of a product that uses Mini LED backlighting is Apple's 2021 year 12.9 inch
227:
while simultaneously boosting the LCD contrast to the maximum achievable levels, drastically increasing the perceived contrast ratio, increasing the dynamic range, improving the viewing angle dependency of the LCD and drastically reducing power consumption.
311:. To generate white light best suited as an LCD backlight, parts of the light of a blue-emitting LED are transformed by quantum dots into small-bandwidth green and red light such that the combined white light allows a nearly ideal color
398:
to the supply current, switching the backlight off and on more quickly than the eye can perceive. If the dimming-pulse frequency is too low or the user is sensitive to flicker, this may cause discomfort and eyestrain similar to the
246:
in
September 2008 on the 40-inch (1,000 mm) BRAVIA KLV-40ZX1M (known as the ZX1 in Europe). Edge-LED lighting for LCDs allows thinner housing; the Sony BRAVIA KLV-40ZX1M is 1 cm thick, and others are also extremely thin.
214:
LCD models. LED backlighting using white LEDs produces a broader spectrum source feeding the individual LCD panel filters (similar to CCFL sources), resulting in a more limited display gamut than RGB LEDs at lower cost.
284:
The white LEDs in LED backlights may use special silicate phosphors, which are brighter but degrade faster. The size of the LEDs is one of the factors that determines the size of the bezel of LED-backlit LCDs.
202:
the TV and a light-diffusion panel to spread the light evenly behind the LCD panel). Variations in LED backlighting offer different benefits. The first commercial full-array LED-backlit LCD TV was the
193:
A 2016 study by the
University of California (Berkeley) suggests that the subjectively perceived visual enhancement with common contrast source material levels off at about 60 LCD local dimming zones.
939:
969:
LCD Television Power Draw Trends from 2003 to 2015; B. Urban and K. Roth; Fraunhofer USA Center for
Sustainable Energy Systems; Final Report to the Consumer Technology Association; May 2017;
877:
Commission
Regulation (EC) No 642/2009 of 22 July 2009 implementing Directive 2005/32/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to ecodesign requirements for televisions
1000:
Broadband reflective polarizers based on form birefringence for ultra-thin liquid crystal displays; S.U. Pan; L. Tan and H.S. Kwok; Vol. 25, No. 15; 24 July 2017; Optics
Express 17499;
950:
Energy
Efficiency Success Story: TV Energy Consumption Shrinks as Screen Size and Performance Grow, Finds New CTA Study; Consumer Technology Association; press release 12 July 2017;
562:
954:
539:
Competing display technologies for the best image performance; A.J.S.M. de Vaan; Journal of the society of information displays, Volume 15, Issue 9 September 2007 Pages 657–666;
973:
210:
adjacent color channels. Unwanted bleed-through channels do not "whiten" the desired color as much, resulting in a larger gamut. RGB LED technology continues to be used on Sony
1575:
1868:
484:
488:
231:
saving of 600 TWh in 2017, equal to 10% of the electricity consumption of all households worldwide, or twice the energy production of all solar cells in the world.
1248:
940:
https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?CC=EP&NR=0606939B1&KC=B1&FT=D&ND=5&date=19980506&DB=EPODOC&locale=en_EP#
789:
Method of and device for generating an image having a desired brightness; D.A. Stanton; M.V.C. Stroomer; A.J.S.M. de Vaan; US patent USRE42428E; 7 June 2011;
1311:
159:
LED backlights replace CCFL (fluorescent) lamps with a few to several hundred white, RGB or blue LEDs. An LCD with LED-Backlight may be edge- or direct-lit:
1522:
1283:
177:
frame dimming: adjusts the brightness of the entire backlight based on the content displayed, as if local dimming was supported but only with a single zone
166:
frame dimming: adjusts the brightness of the entire backlight based on the content displayed, as if local dimming was supported but only with a single zone
76:
914:
Controlling Power Consumption for Displays With Backlight Dimming; Claire Mantel et al; Journal of Display Technology; Volume: 9, Issue: 12, Dec. 2013;
274:) are used in the manufacture of the LED emitters; there is debate over whether they are a better long-term solution to the problem of screen disposal.
180:
local dimming: multiple direct-lit LED clusters (rectangles) are individually controlled. Commonly referred to as Full Array Local Dimming (FALD).
242:
in 2003, and later commercially introduced for professional markets (such as video post-production). Edge LED lighting was first introduced by
151:
1495:
1794:
1569:
650:
989:
1643:
951:
1013:
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direct-lit (DLED) or full-array: LEDs form an array directly behind the screen at equally spaced intervals. May additionally support:
1557:
1516:
927:
584:
1879:
1562:
1304:
1100:
1081:
938:
Illumination system and display device including such a system; A.J.S.M. de Vaan; P.B. Schaareman; European patent EP0606939B1;
281:
Full-array mini-LED backlights, consisting of several thousand WLEDs, were being researched for TVs and mobile devices in 2017.
1223:
1913:
1908:
1581:
1551:
1378:
1012:
Polarisation-sensitive beam splitter; D.J. Broer; A.J.S.M. de Vaan; J. Brambring; European patent EP0428213B1; 27 July 1994;
186:
Additionally a special diffusion panel (light guide plate, LGP) is often used to spread the light evenly behind the screen.
1852:
1847:
1837:
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739:
1903:
1454:
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757:
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outputs are complicated by edge-LED lighting not allowing these outputs to be reproduced simultaneously on screen.
790:
1773:
1484:
349:
1182:
1675:
1478:
337:
1001:
1153:
1681:
1168:
802:
466:
239:
988:
Brochure 3M Display Materials & Systems Division Solutions for Large Displays: The right look matters;
672:
Implications of the number of local dimming zones and native LCD contrast on visual quality of HDR displays
554:
1778:
1528:
1443:
395:
136:
Significantly lighter and cooler, as much as half the total chassis and system weight of a comparable CCFL
56:
1665:
1659:
251:
876:
1114:
990:
http://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/977332O/display-materials-systems-strategies-for-large-displays.pdf
1670:
1544:
952:
https://cta.tech/News/Press-Releases/2017/July/Energy-Efficiency-Success-Story-TV-Energy-Consump.aspx
833:
82:
Televisions that use a combination of an LED backlight with an LCD panel are sometimes advertised as
1014:
https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?CC=EP&NR=0428213B1&KC=B1&FT=D#
1816:
1720:
1627:
1510:
1471:
1398:
971:
http://www.cta.tech/cta/media/policyImages/policyPDFs/Fraunhofer-LCD-TV-Power-Draw-Trends-FINAL.pdf
353:
304:
294:
821:
503:
1858:
1732:
1654:
1649:
1612:
928:
http://www.electronicproducts.com/Optoelectronics/Dimming_options_for_LCD_brightness_control.aspx
585:
http://www.electronicproducts.com/Optoelectronics/Dimming_options_for_LCD_brightness_control.aspx
1127:
775:
774:
LED TVs: 10 things you need to know; David Carnoy, David Katzmaier; CNET.com/news; 3 June 2010;
702:
622:
540:
647:
333:
1811:
1607:
1539:
859:
851:
478:
348:
of Switzerland. This type of backlighting was demonstrated by various TV manufacturers at the
345:
300:
263:
1863:
1602:
1404:
1350:
841:
820:
Chen, Haiwei; Zhu, Ruidong; Li, Ming-Chun; Lee, Seok-Lyul; Wu, Shin-Tson (24 January 2017).
600:
400:
321:
266:
in their manufacture, which is an environmental pollutant. However, other elements (such as
1768:
1758:
1705:
1041:
977:
958:
654:
416:
361:
163:
edge-lit (ELED): LEDs form a line around the rim of the screen. May additionally support:
17:
926:
Dimming options for LCD brightness; J. Moronski; Electronicproducts.com; 3 Januari 2004;
683:
583:
Dimming options for LCD brightness; J. Moronski; Electronicproducts.com; 3 January 2004;
905:"International survey on the importance of the energy efficiency of TV appliances", 2008
837:
39:
1372:
1328:
1320:
259:
255:
671:
133:
Very slim (some screens are less than 0.5 inches (13 mm) thin in edge-lit panels)
1892:
1197:
1024:
341:
206:
1622:
404:
68:
79:) technologies as CCFL-backlit LCDs, but offer a variety of advantages over them.
1737:
1700:
1421:
1169:"Samsung, Hisense & TCL form 'QLED Alliance' to take on OLED - FlatpanelsHD"
1059:
169:
local dimming: multiple vertical or horizontal zones are individually controlled
115:
When compared with earlier CCFL backlights, using LEDs for backlighting offers:
87:
31:
1115:"New report explains how Apple will eliminate the bezel on its 2018 LCD iPhone"
915:
791:
https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?CC=US&NR=RE42428E
720:
1715:
1710:
1692:
1632:
317:
308:
44:
1198:"Mini-LED vs MicroLED - What Is The Difference? [Simple Explanation]"
855:
822:"Pixel-by-pixel local dimming for high-dynamic-range liquid crystal displays"
1832:
1806:
1763:
1753:
1459:
1356:
64:
47:
disassembled to show the array of white-edge LEDs powered on with the device
1002:
https://www.osapublishing.org/oe/viewmedia.cfm?uri=oe-25-15-17499&seq=0
863:
465:
Practice, Advertising Standards Authority | Committee of Advertising.
1278:
320:. This can result in a display that more accurately renders colors in the
303:; they are useful in displays because they emit light in specific, narrow
1534:
1505:
1345:
846:
443:
381:
373:
238:
A first dynamic "local dimming" LED backlight was public demonstrated by
98:
1799:
1449:
1414:
887:"EU Australia and US regulation on energy consumption in TV sets", 2008
357:
325:
316:
present and do not have to be filtered out by the color filters of the
271:
267:
124:
72:
1031:
Display System Using Low and High Resolution Modulators", SID03 Digest
1433:
1289:
527:
211:
324:. Companies developing quantum dot solutions for displays include
1409:
312:
150:
120:
1427:
758:"Lumileds, Sony Develop Groundbreaking LED Backlight Technology"
243:
203:
94:
1293:
1224:"iPad Pro (2021) review: the best screen, but is that enough?"
235:
researchers Dirk Broer, Adrianus de Vaan and Joerg Brambring.
60:
776:
https://www.cnet.com/news/led-tvs-10-things-you-need-to-know/
541:
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1889/1.2785199/abstract
623:"Local Dimming on TVs: Direct-Lit, Full-Array, and Edge-Lit"
139:
Typically 20–30% lower power consumption and longer lifespan
329:
93:
Backlit LCDs cannot achieve true blacks for pixels, unlike
1082:"Mini LED TV Backlight and Display to Be Rolled Out Soon"
896:"China Regulation on Energy Consumption in TV Sets", 2010
1158:
IEEE Spectrum, 7 January 2015. Retrieved 12 January 2015
71:(CCFL) backlighting. LED-backlit displays use the same
356:
at CES 2017 and later formed the 'QLED Alliance' with
740:"The Road Leads Up for the LED Backlight Unit Market"
661:. Posted Fri 29 May 2009. Retrieved 16 December 2009.
30:"LED TV" redirects here. For true LED displays, see
1825:
1787:
1746:
1691:
1595:
1576:
Thick-film dielectric electroluminescent technology
1494:
1389:
1336:
1327:
1155:
CES 2015 - Placing bets on the New TV Technologies.
1042:"BrightSide DR37-P HDR display | bit-tech.net"
1869:Comparison of CRT, LCD, plasma, and OLED displays
555:"Driving LEDs versus CCFLs for LCD backlighting"
553:Novitsky, Tom; Abbott, Bill (12 November 2007).
670:David M. Hoffman, Natalie Stepien, Wei Xiong "
1305:
785:
783:
528:Dell Studio XPS 16: Highest Color Gamut Ever?
250:LED-backlit LCDs have longer life and better
8:
916:https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6520956
483:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
394:LED backlights are often dimmed by applying
352:2015. Samsung introduced their first 'QLED'
1523:Surface-conduction electron-emitter display
77:thin-film-transistor liquid-crystal display
1434:Active-Matrix Organic light-emitting diode
1333:
1312:
1298:
1290:
487:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
262:. Unlike CCFL backlights, LEDs do not use
845:
434:
432:
38:
504:"What Is FALD Blooming Or Halo Effect?"
428:
1132:avantama.com. Retrieved 16 August 2019
476:
565:from the original on 28 November 2010
7:
1570:Ferroelectric liquid crystal display
1183:"QLED Alliance Kicks off in Beijing"
1143:Quantum Dots Are Behind New Displays
738:caren.les@laurin.com, Caren B. Les.
703:"Sony's Qualia Product Line - Nymag"
155:A single direct LED cluster of a LCD
1644:Light-emitting electrochemical cell
1284:LED-backlit Liquid crystal displays
1101:"Discussing LED lighting phosphors"
684:"ソニー、LEDバックライト搭載の液晶テレビ「QUALIA 005」"
289:Quantum dot enhancement film (QDEF)
1843:Large-screen television technology
25:
1517:Organic light-emitting transistor
1129:Cadmium-free quantum dot display.
530:. Anandtech.com, 26 February 2009
106:Comparison with CCFL-backlit LCDs
102:adjacent to an illuminated zone.
27:Display technology implementation
1880:Comparison of display technology
1277:
1141:IEEE Spectrum, 2012, 8, p.11-12
701:Kaplan, Fred (13 October 2004).
1511:Electroluminescent Quantum Dots
86:s, although they are not truly
1582:Laser-powered phosphor display
467:"Samsung Electronics (UK) Ltd"
219:Stroomer and Adrianus de Vaan
1:
1848:Optimum HDTV viewing distance
1838:History of display technology
1726:Computer-generated holography
1099:Bush, Steve (14 March 2014).
803:"LED local dimming explained"
1428:Organic light-emitting diode
1422:Light-emitting diode display
1222:Bohn, Dieter (19 May 2021).
502:Shafer, Rob (11 June 2022).
1196:Shafer, Rob (5 June 2019).
1930:
1638:Vacuum fluorescent display
1362:Electroluminescent display
440:"LED vs LCD TV Comparison"
371:
364:to market the technology.
332:as a licensee of Nanosys,
292:
127:or QDEF) and dimming range
29:
18:LED-backlit LCD television
1877:
1485:Liquid crystal on silicon
597:"Plasma Vs LCD vs LED TV"
390:Backlight-dimming flicker
350:Consumer Electronics Show
1676:Fourteen-segment display
1479:Digital Light Processing
372:Not to be confused with
69:cold cathode fluorescent
1682:Sixteen-segment display
1368:Rear-projection display
957:4 November 2017 at the
401:flicker of CRT displays
240:BrightSide Technologies
67:instead of traditional
1529:Field-emission display
1444:Liquid-crystal display
688:av.watch.impress.co.jp
653:26 August 2009 at the
396:pulse-width modulation
156:
130:Greater contrast ratio
57:liquid-crystal display
48:
1914:Television technology
1909:Light-emitting diodes
1666:Eight-segment display
1660:Seven-segment display
976:1 August 2017 at the
154:
42:
1788:Display capabilities
1671:Nine-segment display
1373:Plasma display panel
1286:at Wikimedia Commons
847:10.1364/oe.25.001973
721:"Sony QUALIA 005 TV"
354:quantum dot displays
305:normal distributions
1904:Japanese inventions
1817:See-through display
1721:Holographic display
1399:Quantum dot display
838:2017OExpr..25.1973C
295:Quantum dot display
142:Greater reliability
1899:Display technology
1859:Color Light Output
1853:High Dynamic Range
1655:Dot-matrix display
1650:Lightguide display
1321:Display technology
1255:on 15 October 2016
1029:High Dynamic Range
646:Scott Wilkinson. "
157:
49:
1886:
1885:
1812:Always-on display
1603:Electromechanical
1591:
1590:
1282:Media related to
744:www.photonics.com
727:. 19 August 2004.
707:New York Magazine
659:UltimateAVmag.com
299:Quantum dots are
252:energy efficiency
16:(Redirected from
1921:
1864:Flexible display
1826:Related articles
1706:Autostereoscopic
1405:Electronic paper
1351:Cathode-ray tube
1334:
1314:
1307:
1300:
1291:
1281:
1265:
1264:
1262:
1260:
1251:. Archived from
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1234:
1219:
1213:
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1210:
1208:
1193:
1187:
1186:
1185:. 18 April 2017.
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832:(3): 1973–1984.
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599:. Archived from
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455:
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451:
442:. Archived from
436:
322:visible spectrum
301:photoluminescent
190:shadow details.
147:LED arrangements
21:
1929:
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1924:
1923:
1922:
1920:
1919:
1918:
1889:
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1887:
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1769:Slide projector
1759:Movie projector
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1117:. 10 July 2018.
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978:Wayback Machine
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959:Wayback Machine
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655:Wayback Machine
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603:on 10 July 2012
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53:LED-backlit LCD
35:
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1774:Transparency
1747:Static media
1701:Stereoscopic
1466:
1257:. Retrieved
1253:the original
1243:
1231:. Retrieved
1227:
1217:
1207:14 September
1205:. Retrieved
1202:DisplayNinja
1201:
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630:. Retrieved
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601:the original
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508:DisplayNinja
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448:. Retrieved
444:the original
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119:Wider color
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88:LED displays
83:
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65:backlighting
52:
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1738:Fog display
1711:Multiscopic
1628:Fiber-optic
1540:Quantum dot
1259:13 November
1233:17 February
569:21 November
513:13 February
450:28 November
309:wavelengths
32:LED display
1893:Categories
1779:Laser beam
1733:Volumetric
1693:3D display
1633:Nixie tube
1613:Split-flap
1498:generation
1472:Blue Phase
1392:generation
1339:generation
1025:H. Seetzen
627:RTINGS.com
471:asa.org.uk
423:References
318:LCD screen
197:Technology
111:Advantages
59:that uses
45:iPod Touch
1833:Scan line
1807:DisplayID
1764:Neon sign
1754:Monoscope
1596:Non-video
1357:Jumbotron
1228:The Verge
856:1094-4087
607:1 October
403:at lower
344:, US and
338:Lexington
334:QD Vision
258:and CCFL
43:An Apple
1716:Hologram
1623:Eggcrate
1608:Flip-dot
1554:display
1535:Laser TV
1506:microLED
1436:(AMOLED)
1390:Current
1346:Eidophor
974:Archived
955:Archived
864:29519046
762:phys.org
651:Archived
563:Archived
559:EE Times
479:cite web
411:See also
382:iPad Pro
374:microLED
368:Mini LED
346:Avantama
99:microLED
1800:CEA-861
1430:(OLED)
1415:Gyricon
834:Bibcode
725:Gizmodo
358:Hisense
326:Nanosys
272:arsenic
268:gallium
264:mercury
260:LCD TVs
125:RGB-LED
73:TFT LCD
1684:(SISD)
1578:(TDEL)
1572:(FLCD)
1519:(OLET)
1487:(LCoS)
1446:(LCD)
1424:(LED)
1401:(QLED)
1375:(PDP)
1066:17 May
862:
854:
256:plasma
212:BRAVIA
207:Qualia
123:(with
84:LED TV
1855:(HDR)
1678:(FSD)
1662:(SSD)
1646:(LEC)
1640:(VFD)
1584:(LPD)
1531:(FED)
1525:(SED)
1496:Next
1481:(DLP)
1410:E Ink
1364:(ELD)
1353:(CRT)
313:gamut
254:than
121:gamut
55:is a
1795:EDID
1617:Vane
1563:TMOS
1558:IMoD
1552:MEMS
1379:ALiS
1337:Past
1261:2016
1235:2024
1209:2019
1068:2009
860:PMID
852:ISSN
807:CNET
634:2023
609:2011
571:2020
515:2023
489:link
485:link
452:2009
360:and
270:and
244:Sony
204:Sony
97:and
95:OLED
63:for
61:LEDs
1467:LED
1460:IPS
1450:TFT
842:doi
657:".
362:TCL
336:of
307:of
51:An
1895::
1455:TN
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