LGBT themes in American mainstream comics

1360:. Despite this, the character was killed one month later. His death and general treatment was met with some negative reactions, including accusations of homophobia, particularly with respect to the phallic imagery of the death, with the character being killed by being impaled with spikes. Kirkman commented on the controversy, stating "Freedom Ring was always planned as an inexperienced hero who would get beaten up constantly and probably die. I wanted to comment on the fact that most superheroes get their powers and are okay at it... and that's not how life works. During working on the book, I was also noticing that most gay characters... are all about being gay. Straight characters are well-rounded characters who like chicks. So I wanted to do a well-rounded character who just happened to like dudes. Then I decided to combine the two ideas. In hindsight, yeah, killing a gay character is no good when there are so few of them... but I really had only the best of intentions in mind." Kirkman later stated, "Frankly, with the SMALL amount of gay characters in comics in general, and how unfortunate the portrayals have been thus far, whether intentional or not—I completely understand the backlash on the death of Freedom Ring, regardless of my intentions. If I had it to do all over again... I wouldn't kill him. I regret it more and more as time goes on. I got rid of what? 20% of the gay characters at Marvel by killing off this ONE character. I just never took that stuff into consideration while I was writing." 1230:' incorporation of LGBT themes has been unfavorably compared with that of DC; its use of gay characters has been described as "less prolific but more deliberate". Some reviewers have pointed out in Alpha Flight #45, in 1987, there was an "almost" trans character: Sasquatch. He was "killed", with his soul transferred into a woman's body, meaning that he had a female body when human, and male when in his "Sasquatch form". More broadly, Marvel reportedly had a "No Gays in the Marvel Universe" policy during 1277:. Storylines involving Northstar have included an illness seen by some readers as a metaphor for AIDS, which was cured when it revealed that the character is actually a part "fairy", a race of non-human beings. Northstar also adopts an abandoned baby, which soon dies of AIDS. Criticism has been levelled at the fact that in 30 years Northstar has never been shown kissing another man, although many interactions with other gay characters are shown, as in the 6074: 5149: 1564:. These companies gave greater artistic freedom to their writers and artists and chose not to ascribe to the Comics Code, allowing exploration of more mature themes. As a result, comics from these companies included a greater relative number of LGBT characters and storylines than their more traditional competitors. LGBT superhero characters include Spectral and Turbo Charge (from Malibu comics), and 6063: 1796: 1782: 4867: 1432:, "Originally, Allan pitched Hulkling as a female character using her shape-changing abilities to pose as a man. I suspect this was as close as Allan felt he could get to depicting an openly gay relationship in a Marvel comic. But as we got underway... he started to have second thoughts and approached me about maintaining Hulkling and Wiccan as two involved male characters." 966:. In summer 2005, painter Mark Chamberlain displayed a number of watercolours depicting both Batman and Robin in suggestive and sexually explicit poses. DC threatened both the artist and the Kathleen Cullen Fine Arts gallery with legal action if they did not cease selling the works and demanded the surrender of all remaining art, as well as any profits derived from them. 908:

subjected to such treatment. Alan Moore pointed to the characters as an example of comics' "strange attitude" towards LGBT themes, describing them as "vicious muscle queens". Starting 2015, Midnighter once again stars in his own solo series, published from DC Comics, making him the first gay male superhero to have his own series in a mainstream publisher.

783:, and "dresses in drag" by hosting typically masculine shops (such as gun shops), but decorating them in bright frilly patterns and pastel curtains. His inclusion is described by Timothy Callahan as part of the "increasingly absurd" tone of the book from the twentieth issue. One member of the team is the transsexual, bisexual 1525:

film, accepts the fan theory. However, Fabian Nicieza, one of the creators of the character, stated on Twitter that such speculation on his sexuality is invalid because his "brain cells are in CONSTANT FLUX. He can be gay one minute, hetero the next, etc." The comment upset many fans, for it suggests

1451:(with whom he'd had an ambiguous relationship) were shown in an on-panel kiss. After the issue was published, Peter David confirmed Rictor and Shatterstar's bisexuality in his blog and expressed his desire to develop the relationship between them further. Shortly after, one of Shatterstar's creators, 544:

has also remarked upon this interpretation in his autobiography, noting that the relationship between the two could be interpreted as a sexual one. When creating the character of Jericho in Teen Titans, Marv Wolfman and George Perez considered making him gay, which would have marked one of the first

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On the other hand, inclusion of LGBT issues attract media attention, in which the hype makes some fans and creators uncomfortable. Podcaster Faust points out for example, that gay marriage in a comic issue is treated almost as an "event", when that series had already been significant with openly gay

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analyses have noted that LGBT characters in mainstream comic books are often shown as assimilated into heterosexual society, whereas in alternative comics the diversity and uniqueness of LGBT culture is at the forefront. Mainstream comics have also been labelled as "heteronormative", in comparison to

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of Sean, taking a drug to transition into a female form because he was in love with a male superhero. This portrayal was criticized for a lack of knowledge about trans characters, saying that the writers of this comic seemed to think that "trans women are just gay men who want to date straight men."

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claims that it is more often the fans, rather than editors, that have stronger negative reaction to LGBT issues. Moore notes however, that "it's probably quite fashionable... to have the odd gay character," and that the inclusion of LGBT people continues to improve in mainstream comics, but that the

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origin. Rucka stated that in his opinion, she "has to be" queer and has "obviously" had same-sex relationships on an island surrounded by beautiful women. Wonder Woman's bisexuality had previously been hinted at by Rucka when he wrote the character in 2003. It had also been explicitly stated in the

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that the character was revealed to be gay and to have accepted his homosexuality. Andreyko said that making the character openly gay could be seen as a retcon, but that this seemed a logical step in character's growth. In 2006, one character, Erik Storn, was given superpowers allowing him to change

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not informing the artist of his intentions. However, the DC editorial board still censored a kiss between the two characters in 2000. Described as the "first openly gay couple in comics", Midnighter and Apollo married in a later issue and have an adopted daughter. Midnighter starred in his own solo

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reviewer, Mey Rude, noted that one early example of a "not-quite-trans recurring character" was in the 1940 Action Comics #20 with Ultra-Humanite, a villain to superman, was killed, but he kidnaps a famed actress, placing "his mighty brain in her young vital body." Two issues later, in no. 22, this

367:, have been criticised for their lack of inclusivity. Transgender characters have likewise been under-represented, although the common storyline of a superhero having their sex changed by magical or technological means has been regarded as an oblique reference to transgender and transsexual issues. 1194:

sees him deal with unexpressed insecurities while reconnecting with a friend from earlier volumes, Bernard Dowd. Bernard is kidnapped, sending Tim on a rescue mission while still trying to understand what he truly desires from life. During the rescue, Bernard tells Robin that his friend Tim helped

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comic was criticized by François Peneaud for ignoring the protagonist's relationship with his husband, and also for the continual use of homophobic insults by villains. Criticism has also been leveled at a storyline in which Apollo is raped, with critics saying that straight superheroes are never

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said that he included transgender characters in his works in response to the lack of realistic representation of such people in comics. The title character of Shade, the Changing Man was an alien who could change his surface form: This resulted in people sometimes perceiving him as female, and

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with issue #854. Greg Rucka said that DC's editors had no problem with his writing Montoya or Batwoman as lesbian, but the media controversy over Batwoman's sexuality "nullified any positive effect Batwoman might have had on the industry" and forced the character into minor roles during major

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was revealed as gay. In issue 3, Scott is revealed to have a boyfriend named Sam, to whom he intends to propose while on vacation in China. Before he can do so, however, the train on which the couple is travelling is suddenly wrecked. A mysterious green flame protects Scott and heals him; a

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In recent years the number of LGBT characters in mainstream superhero comics has increased greatly. At first gay characters appeared in supporting roles, but their roles have become increasingly prominent. The trend has prompted both praise from the LGBT community and organizations like the

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was Zimmerman's idea. The character's sexuality is conveyed indirectly, through euphemisms and puns, and the comic's style is campy. Conservative groups protested the gay take on the character, which they claimed would corrupt children, and the covers carried an "Adults only" label.

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comics and was revealed to be a shapeshifter who could alternate between a bisexual woman named Andrea Martinez and the male centaur named Comet. It was also a time where there was a "rise of alternative comics at DC", which gave more roles to trans characters.

702:, the woman he is in love with, is actually a man who has taken a sex-change drug to be with him; Element Lad subsequently reveals that he does not care if Shvaughn is a man or a woman. A lesbian relationship was also implied between the Legion of Super-Heroes' 1671:(by Erika Henderson), and various anthologies. This came with more comics being funded through crowdfunding sites and created by trans people, resulting in a "new kind of trans representation by the trans people, of the trans people and for the trans people." 1687:, and conventions also feature stands dedicated to LGBT comics. Ted Abenheim, event chair of Prism Comics said in 2008, "We're in our sixth year of exhibiting at Comic-Con, presenting a larger booth and more panels and events than ever before." A number of 829:. Wildstorm was originally a studio producing work for Image Comics, which is noted to have a greater proportion of LGBT characters. Vertigo is an imprint that produces comics for more mature audiences, allowing more sexual themes. George Haggerty notes in 1238:

claimed that this policy is no longer in force. Although same-sex couples are depicted occasionally kissing, intimate or sexual scenes have not been shown, even in Marvel's "Adult only" imprint. The use of mutants and the discrimination they face in the

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disembodied voice informs him that the crash was caused by a force that threatens the whole world, and that Sam did not survive. The grief-stricken Scott is then told that he will be given the power to avenge his love and protect the world.

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series, one night, Sir Tristan, is "reincarnated as a woman", tries to change back into a man for much of the comic, but ultimately accepts it. Rude criticized this as showing a "lack of awareness of real life trans people that comics had."

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relaunched in December 2014, with Gail Simone returning as the writer. Scandal Savage, Rag Doll, and Jeannette return as recurring characters. The team consists of new members save Catman, and among them, Porcelain is genderfluid.

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appearances of a gay character in a major super hero book. However, they ultimately passed on the idea after concluding that it would be too stereotypical to make the sensitive, artistic, effeminate featured Jericho a homosexual.

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are given to works of science fiction, fantasy or horror published in the United States, and their "other works" category allows nomination of comic book series or individual issues. Comic book winners include issues of DC's

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type of story may stimulate children to homosexual fantasies." Storytellers subsequently had to drop subtle hints while not stating directly a character's orientation. Overt gay and lesbian themes were first found later in

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For much of the 20th century, creators were strongly discouraged from depicting gay relationships in comic books, which were regarded as a medium for children. Until 1989 the Comics Code Authority (CCA), which imposed

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have been portrayed as bisexual. However, Marvel's editor-in-chief Axel Alonso stated that Hercules in the new series will be heterosexual, which disappointed fans and critics for "straightwashing" an LGBT character.

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to change their sexuality are less likely to be shown as LGBT than newer characters. When such changes to a character's continuity are made, fans are often disgruntled, particularly when sexuality is involved, and

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from the early 1970s onward. Independently published one-off comic books and series, often produced by gay creators and featuring autobiographical storylines, tackled political issues of interest to LGBT readers.

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on comics sold through newsstands in the United States, forbade any suggestion of homosexuality, and LGBT characters were excluded from comics bearing the CCA seal. The CCA itself came into being in response to

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staunchly supported Rucka's statement. Surprised at the amount of backlash from her fanbase, Rucka responded to "haters" that consensual sex with women is just as important to Wonder Woman as the Truth is to

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was first hinted as bisexual in 1992, and confirmed in 2002. In the television series however, Constantine was portrayed straight due to NBC guidelines, which brought on criticism from both critics and fans.

1234:'s 1980s tenure, and Marvel's policy from the 1990s had stated that all series emphasizing solo gay characters must carry an "Adults Only" label, in response to conservative protests. Yet in 2006 publisher 5666: 1679:

As the visibility of LGBT comic book creators and characters has increased, comic book fandom has taken notice. Panels discussing LGBT topics occur regularly at comic book and LGBT conventions such as

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characters. Lobdell, while wondering about the attention media gives gay characters, hopes that in the near future, they will not "make the news at all, because they are as common as capes and cowls."

5848: 1128:, he said his editor "Was like 'great, I love it! Let's do it. It was almost anticlimactic." Wonder Woman's advocacy for gay rights was taken a step further in September 2016, when comic book writer 447:, the amount of creative freedom allowed by editors in the portrayal of LGBT characters depends upon how popular and established a character already is. Long-standing characters that would require a 1381:'s Mey Rude says that she does not consider Xavin to represent the human trans experience, the character explored gender changes in "a way that was pretty revolutionary for a comic book character." 520:

asserted that "Batman stories are psychologically homosexual," claimed to find a "subtle atmosphere of homoeroticism which pervades the adventures of the mature 'Batman' and his young friend 'Robin.

5628: 762:. These stories earned the writer title two GLAAD awards and a Gaylactic Spectrum Awards (and a further nomination). Green Lantern also has a lesbian couple, Lee and Li, as supporting characters. 670:

like they are gay". Alan Moore was described by AfterElton.com writer Lyle Masaki as "very gay friendly", due to his inclusion of complex LGBT characters and realistic treatment of LGBT issues in

524:" It has also been claimed that Batman is interesting to gay audiences because "he was one of the first fictional characters to be attacked on the grounds of his presumed homosexuality," and "the 1371:, a "female clone of Peter Parker", and Courier, a shapeshifting friend who becomes "trapped in a female form by the evil Mr. Sinister." There was also the advent of Xavin, a shapeshifter in the 5656: 5651: 5641: 5636: 2663: 1296:

Northstar appeared in his own miniseries, which mostly ignored his sexuality, and eventually became a member of the X-Men. During his time in this team he became a mentor to gay teenage mutant

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already existed in DC Comics. It was revealed at the 2009 New York Comic Con that she would be DC Comics' highest profile gay superhero, appearing in a new Justice League comic book written by

2515: 1508:#51 held Northstar and his long-term partner, Kyle Jinadu's wedding. Though it is not the first same-sex marriage to be featured in superhero comics, as Apollo and Midnighter had married in 1078:

as a girl crossdressing as a male knight. In the new series however, The Shining Knight says that he is "not just a man or a woman both." This makes him the possible first intersex hero.

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Homosexual interpretations of Batman have continued into the 21st century. One notable example occurred in 2000, when DC Comics refused permission for the reprinting of four panels (from

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that "substantive mainstream presentation of gay themes in the future seems most likely in DC's adult-orientated Vertigo titles." Vertigo titles that have tackled LGBT themes include the

407:, in which comic book creators were accused of attempting to negatively influence children with images of violence and sexuality, including subliminal homosexuality. Wertham claimed that 1582:, depicts an alien culture with exotic gender and sexual mores and gay romances that gained the series a Gaylactic Spectrum Award nomination. Others notes that Malibu had, in the series 1552:

The 1990s saw the creation of a number of independent publishing houses with output that competed with the giants of mainstream comics publishing, Marvel and DC. The companies included

372:"integrationist" alternative comics. Since the 1990s LGBT themes have become more common in mainstream US comics, including in a number of titles in which a gay character is the star. 5873: 5813: 4074: 4048: 1721:. According to Paul Lopez, LGBT fans and creators have "debated whether the awards for mainstream comics were more about media hype than the actual content of the comic's stories." 1053:, a bisexual African American woman, as part of The New 52 relaunch. The same relaunch also introduced Bunker, an openly gay Latino superhero, as part of the core cast of the new 5855: 5808: 3985: 3961: 1636:

saying: "We're not going to make her gay, nor are we going to take the next 50 issues explaining that she's not. She's young and experimenting, and did I mention open-minded?".

6043: 3799: 3772: 5608: 1097:#39, she was confirmed bisexual, which critics claim iconic, as she is one of the most famous characters in the DC Universe. Furthermore, DC Comics officially stated that 1424:, from its inception. The characters' sexuality was criticised by some readers and defended by the writers in an extended series of letters on the title's letters page. 5896: 5868: 76: 662:

is particularly surprising and challenges preconceptions of homosexuality, as "if it's true that Hooded Justice and Captain Metropolis are gay, they sure as heck don't

934:, created by Mark Andreyko in 2004, caused reaction in the fan community when it was revealed that the boyfriend of the title character's gay co-counsel was long-time 5818: 1709:

for "outstanding comic book" was awarded in 1992 (to DC's The Flash). Since then, a number of GLAAD awards have been awarded to mainstream titles, including for DC's

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said that Northstar was planned to be gay from his inception in 1979, but although hints about Northstar's sexual identity appeared during 1983 in issues 7 and 8 of

3249: 1663:, stated that the vast majority of actual trans representation happened from 2013 forward, which she considered the "Golden Age of Trans Comics", noting comics like 1377:

with Xavin originally male but changes to a female form, saying in issue no. 8 that "for us changing our gender is no different than changing our hair color." While

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version of Ultra-Humanite is gone with the character instead transferring his "consciousness into the body of an albino ape." Many years later, in the 1980s, in the

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The 1990s also brought with it more almost trans characters. In the 1992 issue of Legion of Super-Heroes #31, Shvaughn Erin was revealed to be male, born with the

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and understand himself, prompting Robin/Tim to have the same realization for himself. Afterward, out of costume, Bernard asks Tim on a date, which Tim accepts.

5933: 5277: 1269:, his apparent lack of interest in women was attributed to his obsessive drive to win as a ski champion. The character was finally revealed to be gay in 1992's 516:

come under scrutiny, in spite of the majority of creators associated with the character denying that the character is gay. Psychologist Fredric Wertham, who in

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earned Marvel its first (and to date only) GLAAD Award Best Comic Book Award in 2005. Hulkling was originally planned to be a female character: According to

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imprint, introducing the first openly gay comic book character to star in his own magazine. The first edition of the Rawhide Kid's gay saga was called

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Encyclopedia of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender History in America: Encyclopedia of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender History in America

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that established marriage equality in all 50 United States, Badower says DC Comics was "fantastic" about his idea for the issue. In an interview with

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When Batman and Superman team up they are called "the World's Finest." Midnighter and Apollo are constructed with this bit of comic history in mind.

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says that some scenes of same-sex interactions are rejected by editors due to unease with sexual content in general rather than the LGBT content.

4075:"Robot 6 @ Comic Book Resources – Covering Comic Book News and Entertainment » Liefeld 'can't wait to someday undo' Shatterstar development" 1544:

Other recent major characters that have confirmed to be LGBT include Iceman, who came out as gay, and Loki, who is now genderfluid and bisexual.

1310:. Notable also in Northstar's tenure in the X-Men was his death in three separate continuities in the same month. Other LGBT members of Marvel's 6077: 5774: 5723: 5685: 5680: 5491: 1628:

with another girl who had fallen in love with her. The encounter was repeated, but both the character and the creators denied that this made

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to say "Loki is bi... He'll shift between genders occasionally as well," resulting in one reviewer saying that Loki could be seen as trans.

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This article is about American mainstream comics. For discussion of comics from other countries, and underground or alternative comics, see

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introduced a number of LGBT characters and explored transsexual themes. Doom Patrol's base of operations in later stories is the sentient

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The number of minor DC characters being identified as LGBT continues to increase, including bisexual superheroes Sarah Rainmaker and

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The early 1990s saw a few more LGBT minor characters portrayed in DC titles. Transgender themes were explored in a 1992 storyline in

5997: 3928: 3745: 2127: 1680: 1615: 1603: 1455:, expressed his disapproval of Peter David's decision. Despite his complaints, however, both Peter David and Marvel editor-in-chief 4006: 3203: 6115: 6028: 5740: 5486: 4926: 4916: 4440: 3778: 3646: 3444: 3107: 1163:. As well as Wonder Woman herself, several members of her supporting cast have since been revealed as gay or bisexual including 6023: 5901: 5580: 5527: 2089: 1691:

dedicated to LGBT comic book fandom and featuring content from staff writers exist, such as Prismcomics.org and Gayleague.com.

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since the late 1930s—have historically excluded gay characters, and the superhero genre and its two largest publishing houses,

4269: 6033: 5553: 5413: 5313: 4898: 3226: 139: 3827: 513: 3505: 3288: 1471:#9 would see Wiccan and Hulkling get engaged and have their first on-panel kiss, a story that would be continued in 2020's 6105: 6018: 4512: 3177: 2322: 1824: 1105:, whose relationship many fans have speculated as romantic or sexual, are "girlfriends without the jealousy of monogamy." 734:

reincarnated into the body of a woman, to his initial dismay. Notable storylines featuring LGBT themes include the 1991's

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comics has been seen as a metaphor for the real-world discrimination directed at minority groups including LGBT people.

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into a female superhero, while two years later, Loki, was portrayed as a woman from 2008 to 2009. Later on, Al Ewing in

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Beatty, Bart (2000), "Don't Ask, Don't Tell: How Do You Illustrate an Academic Essay about Batman and Homosexuality?",

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or the perception that comics were for children and thus LGBT themes were somehow inappropriate. With any mention of

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was not successful, but during its short run it also featured a character dying of AIDS. An official aftermath to

4049:"Kevin Melrose. "Liefeld 'can't wait to someday undo' Shatterstar development" Comic Book Resources; July 3, 2009" 6038: 5517: 5323: 5246: 4977: 4972: 4967: 4962: 4690: 4568: 1736: 1274: 1249: 1124: 1074: 493: 403: 228: 5161: 2891: 1341:, although this was not explicitly revealed until years after the relationship had ended with Destiny's murder. 969:

In 2006 DC drew widespread media attention by announcing a new, lesbian incarnation of the well-known character

5558: 5333: 4829: 1282: 930: 740:(vol. 2) #53, which had received the first GLAAD Award for Best Comic Book in 1992. Here, the reformed villain 134: 99: 996:

DC comics relaunch. This makes her the first LGBT character to headline a monthly series in the DC Universe.

1572:'s Sarah Rainmaker (both created by Wildstorm for Image Comics before being taken over by DC). Image comic's 463:

characters continue to be limited by stereotypes and do not represent a varied cross-section of LGBT people.

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as pan- or omnisexual. Writers Gerry Duggan and Gail Simone, as well as Terry Miller, the director of the

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in space, with numerous amoints of other superheroes attending after Hulkling became the emperor of the

1338: 1254: 1168: 1164: 860:(1992) deconstructed the superhero genre, with the title characters homosexuality playing a large part. 834: 676: 631: 533: 381: 339:(CCA) until 1989, earlier attempts at exploring these issues in the US took the form of subtle hints or 336: 320: 124: 28: 3491: 2953: 2253: 2231: 638:, whom critics have interpreted as asexual. The series also strongly implied that minor characters the 3387:

http://www.advocate.com/arts-entertainment/2015/08/20/wonder-woman-performs-same-sex-wedding-new-comic

5981: 5522: 5452: 5231: 5226: 4995: 4802: 4668: 1588: 1211: 1119: 601:(vol. 2) #11, depicted a "mostly male and mostly gay" AIDS rally. Several characters, including the 4219: 3675: 1498: 942:. Obsidian had a number of failed heterosexual romances in Infinity, Inc. and while a member of the 5585: 5512: 5241: 5216: 4777: 4099:

Comic Book Resources Joe Quesada and Kiel Phegley. "Cup O' Joe" Comic Book Resources; July 14, 2009

3404: 2804: 1262: 1102: 1082: 1001: 946:, and later struggled to come to terms with his sexuality, but it was not until his appearances in 856:

although he remained essentially male, it was implied that he had relationships with both genders.

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as a "homophobic nightmare", and views Batman as sublimating his sexual urges into crime fighting.

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groups. Critics make regular accusations that comics are attempting to subvert readers into a "

5828: 5432: 5364: 5272: 5093: 5083: 4950: 4856: 4782: 4639: 4621: 4603: 4506: 3907: 3576: 3423: 2872: 2848: 2826: 2816: 2768: 2744: 2720: 2693: 2606: 2586: 2562: 2452: 2421: 2366: 2362: 2356: 2207: 2164: 2160: 2154: 2066: 1561: 1373: 1334: 1286: 1172: 939: 417: 344: 218: 4466:"Archie Comics Is Promoting 'The Occult And Homosexuality' With Gay Storyline, Pundits Claim" 2654:"A Comic Book Gets Serious On Gay Issues; A Major Character Becomes A Victim of a Hate Crime" 5391: 5374: 5078: 4990: 4171: 1137: 1110: 1090: 987: 861: 826: 776: 721: 4195: 4098: 3506:"Wonder Woman Writer Says Haters Need to 'Get over It' About Diana's New Canon Bisexuality" 5457: 5437: 5408: 5282: 5028: 5013: 3853: 3831: 2391: 1625: 1521: 1515:

Due to flirtations with characters of various genders and sexuality, fans have speculated

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Masters of the Comic Book Universe Revealed!: Will Eisner, Stan Lee, Neil Gaiman and More

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was kicked off the Minutemen superhero team when she was publicly outed as a lesbian. In

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In the 2000s there was the introduction of two characters who were almost trans: the

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superhero team, was the first major gay character created by Marvel Comics. Creator

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An example of a gay character in a starring role is the violent vigilante superhero

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as a team of villains with new members, in which many are LGBT, including lesbian

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regarding a character's sexual orientation. LGBT themes were tackled earlier in

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The Many Lives of the Batman: Critical Approaches to a Superhero and His Media

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The Many Lives of the Batman: Critical Approaches to a Superhero and His Media

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The new "X-Men" series has two gay characters ... will it amount to anything?

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spoke out against the character and issues containing same-sex romance, but

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remain ambiguous as "lots of heteros are icked out by homos", and also that

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series, which debuted in 2005, featured two gay teenager major characters,

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and characters were historically omitted intentionally from the content of

4572: 3339:"DC Comics' Catwoman is Officially Bisexual — Here's Why That's Important" 1402:, now 86, with Ron Zimmerman, a television writer. Making the Rawhide Kid 5442: 5121: 4851: 4394: 4344: 1516: 1417: 1316: 1207: 1160: 1086: 970: 887: 626: 497: 389: 2516:"The Complete History of Transgender Characters in American Comic Books" 1656:#202 had been so popular it sold out, resulting in his own solo series. 4787: 992:

crossover storylines. In 2011 Batwoman gained her own title as part of

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issue 106, the only comic book issue to have been inducted into the

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have defended the development, and the story went on as planned.

1118:) drawn by Australian illustrator Jason Badower. Inspired by the 4571:. Gaylactic Spectrum Award Foundation. 2000–2008. Archived from 2690:

Youth, education, and sexualities: an international encyclopedia

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Youth, education, and sexualities: an international encyclopedia

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comics attracted media attention when the title character has a

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McAllister, Matthew P.; Sewell, Edward H.; Gordon, Ian (2001),

886:-like Midnighter was revealed to be in a relationship with the 1352:

was a character depicted as gay from his debut by his creator

1337:, the latter having been in a relationship with the character 962:#79, 92, 105, and 139) to illustrate Christopher York's paper 4441:"Archie Comics' Kevin Keller returning in new series in 2015" 4270:"The Straightwashing of Hercules and Marvel's LGBTQ Failures" 3857: 2790:, vol. 2, no. 70 (September 1993). 4077:. Robot6.comicbookresources.com. 3 July 2009. Archived from 3137:

Mangels, Andy (May 27, 2003), "Outed in Batman's Backyard",

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that Deadpool's sexuality is linked to his mental disorder.

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All in the Family: Homophobia and Batman Comics in the 1950s

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Demanding Respect: The Evolution of the American Comic Book

4618:

Graphic novels: a bibliographic guide to book-length comics

4393:. Gaylactic Spectrum Award Foundation. 2008. Archived from 2121: 2119: 2117: 4705: 4220:"Deadpool: Ryan Reynolds and Tim Miller On-Set Interview" 3615:

In and Out: A Brief History of Marvel's 2006 Gay Policies

3289:"SHINING KNIGHT 'OUTED' As DC's First Intersex Hero/ine?" 3086:

Ferber, Lawrence (July 18, 2006), "Queering the Comics",

1754:, and nominations have been given to titles from Marvel ( 3400:"Wonder Woman is bisexual - 'obviously' says DC Comics" 424:

titles which did not carry the CCA's seal of approval.

4345:"Reviews/Press | A Distant Soil by Colleen Doran" 2985:

Midnighter: DC's Gay Superhero Could Use Some Rescuing

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featured Wonder Woman officiating a same-sex wedding (

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suggests that creating a new character is preferable.

4416:"Buffy: Experimenting in bed when not after vampires" 3204:"Have you ever written a Pansexual character, and..." 2628:"Watchmen Impressions - Gay Content In The Watchmen" 851:(1991) had a transsexual character, and its creator 335:

in mainstream United States comics forbidden by the

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Other publishers: Archie, Malibu, Image, Dark Horse

894:during their time as members of the superhero team 779:. Danny is named after British female impersonator 2350: 2348: 2346: 2344: 2342: 916:A few years later, in 1997, Comet appeared in the 744:was revealed as gay. Another is the coming out of 4311:"NYCC: Al Ewing Recruits "Loki: Agent of Asgard"" 3847:Image Comics Community – Freedom Ring Controversy 3841: 3839: 3720:Beek's Books – Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual Superheroes 3227:"Who was the bisexual man? Or is that off the..." 2539:Corner, Todd A.; Sommers, Joseph Michael (2012). 2265: 2263: 710:, but all these non-heterosexual characters were 3101: 3099: 3097: 2063:Seal of Approval: The History of the Comics Code 1281:, in which he is shown socializing with the gay 878:, who appears in comic books first published by 4245:"Deadpool, His Sexual Orientation, And Twitter" 3894: 3892: 3890: 1592:a possibly trans character named Joshua Cane. 821:DC Comics has a number of imprints, including 799:. Coagula gains her powers while working as a 795:solids, created by transsexual fantasy writer 488:(2000) notes that gay subtext can be found in 5193:Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer 5177: 4721: 2156:That man from C.A.M.P.: rebel without a pause 2056: 2054: 973:even while openly lesbian characters such as 634:, is referred to as "possibly homosexual" by 430:Gay & Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation 296: 8: 4492:"Comic-Con: Gay comic-dom still runs strong" 4366:"Interview with Colleen Doran by Jeff Mason" 3641: 3639: 1731:Gaylactic Spectrum Award for Best Other Work 1701:GLAAD Media Award for Outstanding Comic Book 1072:who previously appeared in Grant Morrison's 814:, and Coagula gains her powers after having 624:Previous to this, in the hugely influential 3862:March 25, 2005. Retrieved November 4, 2008. 3312: 3310: 3308: 2845:Gay histories and cultures: an encyclopedia 2692:, Greenwood Publishing Group, p. 187, 2552: 2550: 2509: 2507: 2505: 2503: 2501: 2499: 2497: 2495: 2493: 2491: 2083: 2081: 1910:and Brendan McCarthy and first appeared in 831:Gay histories and cultures: an encyclopedia 730:also explored transsexual themes by having 18:LGBTQ+ themes in American mainstream comics 5798: 5598: 5346: 5184: 5170: 5162: 4906: 4728: 4714: 4706: 4599:Encyclopedia of Gay Histories and Cultures 4146:Metro, Ross McGuinness for (27 May 2012). 3420:"Comic Book Hero Wonder Woman is Bisexual" 3154:"DC readies lesbian Batwoman for take-off" 3116:, pp. 18, Issue #1019, archived from 2541:Sexual Ideology in the Works of Alan Moore 2438: 2436: 2358:Encyclopedia of Gay Histories and Cultures 1897:#137 (June 2001) and #154 (November 2001) 486:Encyclopedia of Gay Histories and Cultures 303: 289: 36: 6003:History of homosexuality in American film 4569:"Gaylactic Spectrum Award Official Rules" 3389:Wonder Woman Fights for Marriage Equality 2683: 2681: 2652:Gustines, George Gene (August 13, 2002). 2583:Watchmen and Philosophy: A Rorschach Test 2561:, John Wiley and Sons, pp. 185–187, 2559:Watchmen and Philosophy: A Rorschach Test 2303: 2301: 2299: 2297: 2295: 2293: 2291: 985:and taking over as the lead character in 34:American comics addressing LGBT materials 4249:Bleeding Cool Comic Book, Movie, TV News 3900:"Marvel Comics to unveil gay gunslinger" 3713: 3711: 2719:, Charles Scribner's Sons, p. 251, 2243: 2241: 1512:this is the first in mainstream comics. 2581:Irwin, William; White, Mark D. (2009), 2557:Irwin, William; White, Mark D. (2009), 2153:Banis, Victor J.; Cleto, Fabio (2004), 2050: 1836: 630:(1986), one of the central characters, 44: 4504: 2666:from the original on February 15, 2024 999:In 2006, Gail Simone brought back the 563:The first obviously gay character was 3467:(vol. 2) #197, page 20 (October 2003) 3179:ICv2: Batwoman takes over 'Detective' 2871:, Chicago Review Press, p. 195, 2317: 2315: 2313: 1333:(until their deaths) and the villain 1049:, DC also released a series starring 376:Censorship, criticism and inclusivity 7: 3750:, Locus Publications, archived from 3567:Gustines, George Gene (2021-10-11). 2630:. PinkKryptonite.com. Archived from 2585:, John Wiley and Sons, p. 176, 2543:. Jefferson: McFarland. p. 111. 2033:#12 (March 2008) and #15 (June 2008) 1644:featured their first gay character, 1306:member along with another gay teen, 2273:. Bostonphoenix.com. Archived from 2271:"News/Features | Comic relief" 1688: 748:'s assistant and an arc about his " 4682:Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual: Comics 1815:LGBT themes in speculative fiction 1602:feature the lesbian characters of 1146:alternate continuity or non-canon 25: 4490:Forshner, Michelle (2008-07-24). 3072:Gallery told to drop 'gay' Batman 3056:Mark Chamberlain (American, 1967) 2476:Ninth Art: Andrew Wheeler Comment 1485:#1 which shows their traditional 1154:, and fellow Wonder Woman writer 6073: 6072: 6061: 6029:Non-binary characters in fiction 5487:List of transgender publications 5147: 4865: 4653:Homosexuality in Comics – Part I 4527:"Books and Publishing June 1999" 4391:"2001 Gaylactic Spectrum Awards" 4110:Avengers: The Children's Crusade 3933:, AfterElton.com, archived from 3874:Comic Book First: Gay Gunslinger 3804:, AfterElton.com, archived from 3777:, AfterElton.com, archived from 2982:Peneaud, François (2007-06-26), 2361:, Taylor & Francis, p. 2132:, AfterElton.com, archived from 1794: 1780: 1618:from the television series. The 1469:Avengers: The Children's Crusade 1085:, as well as major ones such as 1009:, her lover Knockout, pansexual 267:Women in Refrigerators (website) 6024:Media portrayal of pansexuality 5528:Media portrayals of bisexuality 4368:. Indyworld.com. Archived from 3982:"Xtra: In print Young Avengers" 2765:Grant Morrison: The Early Years 2741:Grant Morrison: The Early Years 2514:Rude, Mey (November 17, 2015). 351:Mainstream comics—the genre of 6034:Intersex characters in fiction 4347:. Adistantsoil.com. 2009-03-06 4030:. PeterDavid.net. 25 June 2009 4009:. PeterDavid.net. 25 June 2009 3954:McKenzie, Chaos (2006-04-27), 3747:2002 Gaylactic Spectrum Awards 2443:Sharrett, Christopher (1991), 2092:Coming Out in the Comic Strips 1: 6019:Media portrayal of asexuality 4616:Rothschild, D. Aviva (1995), 1435:In the latest incarnation of 492:publications as early as the 5237:Blue Metropolis Violet Prize 4596:Haggerty, George E. (2000), 3906:, 2002-12-09, archived from 3744:Kelly, Mark R. (2003–2007), 3653:, 2006-09-15, archived from 3422:. 2016-10-01. Archived from 3152:Flood, Alison (2009-02-11), 2843:Haggerty, George E. (1999), 2767:, Lulu.com, pp. 177–8, 2688:Sears, James Thomas (2005), 2355:Haggerty, George E. (2000), 2198:Sears, James Thomas (2005), 2015:Hercules: Fall of an Avenger 1669:The Unbeatable Squirrel Girl 1534:Hercules: Fall of an Avenger 1532:, in previous works such as 432:(GLAAD), and criticism from 4638:, Temple University Press, 4028:"STASH WEDNESDAY – June 24" 4007:"STASH WEDNESDAY – June 24" 3723:, Rzero.com, archived from 3106:Colón, Suzan (2008-11-18), 2605:Masaki, Lyle (2007-08-08). 1650:American Family Association 1614:and the closeted character 1257:, a member of the original 1136:bisexual, according to her 6132: 6111:LGBTQ-related comic strips 6101:LGBTQ characters in comics 5506:Other literature and media 4550:. Locus Publications. 2003 4529:. Locus Publications. 2003 4134:Empyre Afternath: Avengers 3960:, xtra.com, archived from 3927:Palmer, Joe (2006-10-16), 3858:http://www.imagecomics.com 2763:Callahan, Timothy (2007), 2739:Callahan, Timothy (2007), 2204:Greenwood Publishing Group 2126:Palmer, Joe (2006-10-16), 2061:Nyberg, Amy Kiste (1998), 1916:vol. 2, #35 (August 1990). 1870:The Legion of Super-Heroes 1820:LGBTQ characters in comics 1728: 1698: 1667:(by Kelly Sue DeConnick), 1292:After the cancellation of 1013:, bisexual Jeannette, and 848:The Sandman: A Game of You 803:: One of her customers is 379: 317:American mainstream comics 26: 6056: 6044:cross-dressing characters 6039:Gay characters in fiction 5864: 5819:Children's TV programming 5247:Gaylactic Spectrum Awards 5200: 5145: 4863: 4511:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 4172:"Gerry Duggan on Twitter" 3647:"Washington Blade Online" 3521:(vol. 5) #4 (August 2016) 2743:, Lulu.com, p. 258, 2250:Seduction of the Innocent 2248:Wertham, Fredric (1954), 2228:Seduction of the Innocent 2226:Wertham, Fredric (1954), 2159:, Haworth Press, p. 1737:Gaylactic Spectrum Awards 1725:Gaylactic Spectrum Awards 1125:The Sydney Morning Herald 1120:June Supreme Court ruling 1075:Seven Soldiers of Victory 518:Seduction of the Innocent 494:Golden Age of Comic Books 404:Seduction of the Innocent 229:Gaylactic Spectrum Awards 5263:Gaylaxicon SF convention 4602:, Taylor & Francis, 4196:"GAIL SIMONE on Twitter" 3957:In print: Young Avengers 2809:The Vertigo Encyclopedia 1598:Buffy the Vampire Slayer 1447:and his longtime friend 1384:In 2002, Marvel revived 1017:, who is also bisexual. 528:remains a touchstone of 355:comics published in the 100:Feminist science fiction 6116:LGBTQ themes in fiction 5448:List of lesbian fiction 4620:, Libraries Unlimited, 3600:Superman: Son of Kal-El 2472:"Bruce Wayne: Bachelor" 2412:Medhurst, Andy (1991), 2234:, pp. 192, 234–235 1279:Marvel Swimsuit Special 1204:Superman: Son of Kal-El 839:Shade, the Changing Man 652:Watchmen and Philosophy 327:, due to either formal 5609:Modern written fiction 5478:Transgender literature 5222:Lambda Literary Awards 4894:Female comics creators 3877:, CBS News, 2002-12-11 3612:Mangels, Andy (2006), 3364:"DC Comics on Twitter" 2254:Rinehart & Company 2232:Rinehart & Company 1659:Mey Rude, writing for 1275:Gaylactic Hall of Fame 1132:announced that she is 691:Legion of Super-Heroes 500:and on the women-only 234:Lambda Literary Awards 3555:Batman: Urban Legends 3543:Batman: Urban Legends 3531:Batman: Urban Legends 3230:gailsimone.tumblr.com 3207:gailsimone.tumblr.com 3108:"Don't Mask, Do Tell" 3075:, BBC, 19 August 2005 2867:Kaplan, Arie (2006), 2187:, P. Lang, p. 11 2185:Comics & ideology 1810:LGBT themes in comics 1717:titles, and Marvel's 1300:, who later became a 1192:Batman: Urban Legends 953:Loki: Agent of Asgard 903:title from 2006; the 864:, the protagonist of 621:, the men are saved. 508:'s relationship with 382:Comics Code Authority 337:Comics Code Authority 29:LGBT themes in comics 6106:LGBTQ-related comics 5523:Bisexual pornography 5232:Bisexual Book Awards 5227:Stonewall Book Award 4669:Comic Book Resources 4634:Lopes, Paul (2009), 4548:"News Log July 2003" 4334:Lopes (2009), p.139. 4315:Comic Book Resources 3651:The Washington Blade 3408:. 30 September 2016. 3316:Lopes (2009), p.140. 2950:Concordia University 2786:First appearance in 2715:Stein, Marc (2004), 1843:First appearance in 1825:LGBTQ-related comics 1766:) and Image Comics ( 1499:Kree/Skrull alliance 443:According to writer 183:Single-gender worlds 46:Sex and sexuality in 5586:Single-gender world 5564:Speculative fiction 5329:Dutch-language area 5242:Dayne Ogilvie Prize 4778:Comic strip formats 4470:The Huffington Post 3405:New York Daily News 2394:on December 1, 2008 1443:, depowered mutant 646:were gay, and that 48:speculative fiction 40:Part of a series on 5424:Lesbian literature 5278:Saints and Sinners 4671:, July 16–19, 2007 4447:. 30 November 2014 4420:The New York Times 3852:2007-09-27 at the 3830:2006-10-05 at the 3573:The New York Times 3345:. 26 February 2015 3343:www.themarysue.com 3041:The Comics Journal 2815:, pp. 61–63, 2813:Dorling Kindersley 2659:The New York Times 2451:, pp. 37–38, 2088:Applegate, David, 2031:Buffy Season Eight 1992:X-Force ’99 Annual 1974:See, for example: 1953:(vol. 2) #4 (1998) 1764:Buffy Season Eight 1621:Buffy Season Eight 1426:The Young Avengers 758:, both written by 724:" to be straight. 644:Captain Metropolis 167:Recurring elements 6086: 6085: 6052: 6051: 5998:Western animation 5960:directed by women 5912: 5911: 5824:Radio and podcast 5788: 5787: 5283:Violet Metropolis 5159: 5158: 4945: 4944: 4857:Widescreen comics 4783:Daily comic strip 4645:978-1-59213-443-4 4627:978-1-56308-086-9 4609:978-0-8153-1880-4 4317:. 12 October 2013 4226:. 3 November 2015 4055:on April 27, 2016 3657:on March 19, 2007 3508:. 7 October 2016. 3494:. 4 October 2016. 2878:978-1-55652-633-6 2854:978-0-8153-3354-8 2822:978-0-7566-4122-1 2774:978-0-615-14087-2 2750:978-0-615-14087-2 2726:978-0-684-31262-0 2699:978-0-313-32754-4 2592:978-0-470-39685-8 2568:978-0-470-39685-8 2528:on June 25, 2020. 2458:978-0-85170-276-6 2427:978-0-85170-276-6 2372:978-0-8153-1880-4 2256:, pp. 189–90 2213:978-0-313-32754-4 2170:978-1-56023-448-7 2072:978-0-87805-975-1 1949:First appearance 1675:Fandom and awards 1562:Dark Horse Comics 1506:Astonishing X-Men 345:underground comix 313: 312: 219:Gaylactic Network 140:In horror fiction 62:Sex and sexuality 16:(Redirected from 6123: 6076: 6075: 6068:LGBTQ portal 6066: 6065: 6064: 5799: 5599: 5595:LGBTQ characters 5492:Media portrayals 5468:Media portrayals 5414:Media portrayals 5370:Early gay novels 5347: 5186: 5179: 5172: 5163: 5151: 5034:Autobiographical 4991:Japanese (Manga) 4937:Japanese (Manga) 4907: 4869: 4730: 4723: 4716: 4707: 4648: 4630: 4612: 4584: 4583: 4581: 4580: 4565: 4559: 4558: 4556: 4555: 4544: 4538: 4537: 4535: 4534: 4523: 4517: 4516: 4510: 4502: 4500: 4499: 4487: 4481: 4480: 4478: 4477: 4472:. 13 August 2014 4462: 4456: 4455: 4453: 4452: 4437: 4431: 4430: 4428: 4427: 4412: 4406: 4405: 4403: 4402: 4387: 4381: 4380: 4378: 4377: 4362: 4356: 4355: 4353: 4352: 4341: 4335: 4332: 4326: 4325: 4323: 4322: 4307: 4301: 4295: 4289: 4288: 4286: 4285: 4276:. 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The 1626:one night stand 1600:-related comics 1550: 1465: 1367:incarnation of 1365:Ultimate Marvel 1347: 1225: 1220: 1202:In Issue #5 of 1185: 1028: 977:police officer 927: 698:finds out that 686: 569:Steve Englehart 526:1960s TV series 521: 502:Paradise Island 482: 477: 399:Fredric Wertham 384: 378: 309: 280: 279: 262: 254: 253: 239:Otherwise Award 214: 203: 202: 168: 160: 159: 120: 110: 109: 95:Women in comics 90: 82: 81: 57: 47: 35: 32: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6129: 6127: 6119: 6118: 6113: 6108: 6103: 6093: 6092: 6084: 6083: 6081: 6080: 6070: 6057: 6054: 6053: 6050: 6049: 6047: 6046: 6041: 6036: 6031: 6026: 6021: 6015: 6013: 6009: 6008: 6006: 6005: 6000: 5994: 5992: 5988: 5987: 5985: 5984: 5979: 5974: 5973: 5972: 5967: 5962: 5951: 5949: 5945: 5944: 5942: 5941: 5936: 5931: 5926: 5920: 5918: 5914: 5913: 5910: 5909: 5907: 5906: 5905: 5904: 5899: 5894: 5889: 5884: 5876: 5871: 5865: 5862: 5861: 5859: 5858: 5853: 5852: 5851: 5846: 5841: 5836: 5826: 5821: 5816: 5811: 5805: 5803: 5796: 5790: 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Retrieved 4573:the original 4563: 4552:. Retrieved 4542: 4531:. Retrieved 4521: 4496:. Retrieved 4485: 4474:. Retrieved 4469: 4460: 4449:. Retrieved 4445:LGBTQ Nation 4444: 4435: 4424:. Retrieved 4422:. 1969-12-31 4419: 4410: 4399:. Retrieved 4395:the original 4385: 4374:. Retrieved 4370:the original 4360: 4349:. Retrieved 4339: 4330: 4319:. Retrieved 4314: 4305: 4297: 4293: 4282:. Retrieved 4278:the original 4273: 4264: 4253:. Retrieved 4248: 4239: 4228:. Retrieved 4223: 4214: 4203:. Retrieved 4199: 4190: 4179:. Retrieved 4175: 4166: 4155:. Retrieved 4151: 4141: 4133: 4129: 4121: 4117: 4109: 4105: 4094: 4083:. Retrieved 4079:the original 4069: 4057:. Retrieved 4053:the original 4043: 4032:. Retrieved 4022: 4011:. Retrieved 4001: 3990:. 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Retrieved 3254:the original 3244: 3233:. Retrieved 3229: 3221: 3210:. Retrieved 3206: 3198: 3188:, retrieved 3184:the original 3178: 3172: 3162:, retrieved 3158:The Guardian 3157: 3147: 3141:, p. 62 3139:The Advocate 3138: 3132: 3122:, retrieved 3118:the original 3113:The Advocate 3111: 3090:, p. 51 3088:The Advocate 3087: 3081: 3071: 3065: 3055: 3049: 3043:(228): 17–18 3040: 3034: 3023:. Retrieved 3021:. 2016-02-19 3018: 3009: 3000: 2990:, retrieved 2984: 2977: 2968: 2967: 2961:, retrieved 2954:the original 2949: 2936: 2925:. Retrieved 2923:. 2015-12-08 2920: 2911: 2900:. Retrieved 2895: 2886: 2868: 2862: 2844: 2838: 2811:, New York: 2808: 2805:Irvine, Alex 2799: 2787: 2782: 2764: 2758: 2740: 2734: 2716: 2689: 2670:February 15, 2668:. Retrieved 2657: 2647: 2636:. Retrieved 2632:the original 2622: 2611:. Retrieved 2600: 2582: 2576: 2558: 2540: 2534: 2526:the original 2521:Autostraddle 2519: 2479:, retrieved 2475: 2466: 2444: 2413: 2407: 2398:December 28, 2396:, retrieved 2392:the original 2386: 2380: 2357: 2330:. Retrieved 2326: 2279:. Retrieved 2275:the original 2249: 2227: 2221: 2199: 2193: 2184: 2178: 2155: 2148: 2138:, retrieved 2134:the original 2128: 2106:, retrieved 2102:the original 2093: 2090: 2062: 2030: 2026: 2018: 2014: 2010: 2002: 1998: 1991: 1987: 1983: 1979: 1975: 1970: 1962: 1958: 1950: 1945: 1937: 1933: 1925: 1921: 1911: 1902: 1894: 1889: 1884:#1–12 (1997) 1882:Camelot 3000 1881: 1877: 1869: 1864: 1856: 1852: 1844: 1839: 1802:LGBTQ portal 1767: 1763: 1759: 1755: 1749: 1745: 1741: 1734: 1718: 1714: 1710: 1704: 1695:GLAAD awards 1678: 1668: 1665:Bitch Planet 1664: 1661:Autostraddle 1658: 1653: 1646:Kevin Keller 1639: 1638: 1619: 1597: 1594: 1589:Rising Stars 1587: 1573: 1558:Image Comics 1551: 1543: 1537: 1533: 1529: 1528: 1520: 1514: 1509: 1505: 1503: 1482: 1478: 1472: 1468: 1466: 1434: 1430:Tom Brevoort 1425: 1411: 1409: 1400:John Severin 1396:Slap Leather 1395: 1385: 1383: 1379:Autostraddle 1372: 1369:Jessica Drew 1362: 1357: 1350:Freedom Ring 1348: 1315: 1301: 1294:Alpha Flight 1293: 1291: 1278: 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5497:Pornography 5458:Pornography 5409:Pornography 5314:El Salvador 5273:Naked Heart 5094:Underground 5089:Text comics 5059:Gag cartoon 5024:Alternative 4889:cartoonists 4847:Text comics 4808:Lianhuanhua 4773:Comic strip 4751:Ashcan copy 3326:Deathstroke 2788:Doom Patrol 2307:Furey, p. 4 1988:X-Force #60 1980:X-Force #56 1940:#170 (2002) 1913:Doom Patrol 1906:Created by 1707:GLAAD Award 1634:Joss Whedon 1560:and later, 1457:Joe Quesada 1453:Rob Liefeld 1449:Shatterstar 1441:Peter David 1387:Rawhide Kid 1314:teams were 1303:Young X-Men 1236:Joe Quesada 1232:Jim Shooter 1156:Gail Simone 1134:canonically 1056:Teen Titans 975:Gotham City 853:Neil Gaiman 818:with them. 809:radioactive 768:Doom Patrol 760:Judd Winick 750:gay bashing 746:Kyle Rayner 732:Sir Tristan 714:during the 696:Element Lad 694:, in which 607:Doctor Fate 603:Enchantress 598:The Spectre 422:alternative 418:underground 325:comic books 321:LGBT themes 212:conventions 210:Awards and 118:LGBT themes 56:Main topics 6095:Categories 5793:Television 5770:Non-binary 5385:Omegaverse 5292:By country 5084:Teen humor 4978:Modern Age 4973:Bronze Age 4968:Silver Age 4963:Golden Age 4922:Australian 4910:By country 4766:film comic 4756:Comic book 4691:Gay League 4579:2008-11-14 4554:2008-11-19 4533:2008-11-19 4498:2010-07-07 4476:2016-02-24 4451:2016-02-24 4426:2010-05-07 4401:2008-11-13 4376:2010-07-07 4351:2010-07-07 4321:2016-02-24 4284:2016-02-24 4255:2016-02-24 4230:2016-02-24 4205:2016-02-24 4181:2016-02-24 4157:2016-02-24 4085:2009-07-16 4059:October 1, 4034:2009-07-16 4013:2009-07-16 3992:2009-10-01 3968:2009-03-29 3941:2009-03-21 3914:2009-03-21 3881:2009-03-21 3812:2009-03-29 3785:2009-03-29 3758:2008-11-13 3731:2009-03-21 3684:2009-03-29 3661:2009-03-21 3630:2009-03-29 3586:2021-10-26 3451:2016-10-03 3430:2016-10-01 3373:2016-02-24 3349:2016-02-24 3298:2016-02-24 3260:2011-12-31 3235:2016-02-24 3212:2016-02-24 3190:2009-02-10 3164:2009-02-11 3124:2008-11-30 3025:2016-02-24 3004:Furey, p.1 2992:2009-03-29 2963:2007-10-07 2927:2016-02-24 2902:2016-02-24 2638:2010-07-07 2613:2010-07-07 2332:2016-02-24 2281:2009-07-16 2140:2009-03-15 2108:2009-03-29 2041:References 2021:#10 (2013) 1965:#14 (2012) 1951:Stormwatch 1938:Hellblazer 1928:#51 (1992) 1926:Hellblazer 1872:#31 (1992) 1845:Millennium 1705:The first 1685:Gaylaxicon 1632:gay, with 1392:Marvel MAX 1327:Vivisector 1308:Graymalkin 1263:John Byrne 1208:Clark Kent 1177:Etta Candy 1130:Greg Rucka 1103:Poison Ivy 1045:Alongside 1039:Alan Scott 1019:Secret Six 1002:Secret Six 994:The New 52 905:Midnighter 876:Midnighter 867:Hellblazer 801:prostitute 787:, who can 742:Pied Piper 648:Silhouette 632:Ozymandias 619:Ben Turner 593:Millennium 578:Millennium 573:Joe Staton 465:Greg Rucka 454:Alan Moore 394:censorship 380:See also: 329:censorship 224:Gaylaxicon 129:characters 5844:2016–2019 5839:2010–2015 5795:and radio 5775:Pansexual 5724:Aromantic 5686:Webcomics 5619:Animation 5602:By medium 5559:Mythology 5480:and media 5426:and media 5365:BL dramas 5353:and media 5299:Argentina 5256:Festivals 5132:Superhero 5079:Superhero 5054:Gag-a-day 5029:Ambiguous 4996:Webcomics 4761:minicomic 4124:#4 (2020) 4112:#9 (2010) 3602:#5 (2021) 3581:0362-4331 3533:#4 (2021) 2831:213309015 2792:DC Comics 2449:Routledge 2418:Routledge 1976:Cable #22 1859:#1 (1986) 1847:#2 (1987) 1566:Promethea 1390:in their 1255:Northstar 1188:Tim Drake 1169:Philippus 1165:Hippolyta 1148:Earth One 1116:Issue #48 1108:In 2016, 1083:Icemaiden 948:Manhunter 931:Manhunter 918:Supergirl 913:dead name 880:Wildstorm 823:Wildstorm 789:coagulate 737:The Flash 717:Zero Hour 712:retconned 636:Rorschach 587:in 1987. 542:Burt Ward 538:the Joker 498:sidekicks 490:DC Comics 480:Pre-1990s 365:DC Comics 353:superhero 274:Star Trek 125:In comics 6078:Category 5982:Intersex 5902:intersex 5892:bisexual 5874:Episodes 5802:By genre 5753:Intersex 5729:Bisexual 5518:Intersex 5513:Bisexual 5443:Femslash 5343:By media 5304:Colombia 5122:Antihero 5014:Abstract 4959:American 4927:Canadian 4917:American 4876:Creators 4852:Webcomic 4661:Part III 4507:cite web 4224:Collider 3850:Archived 3828:Archived 3160:, London 3059:, Artnet 2664:Archived 2481:June 21, 2046:Specific 2017:(2010), 2003:X-Factor 1857:Watchmen 1774:See also 1760:X-Statix 1689:websites 1654:Veronica 1530:Hercules 1522:Deadpool 1517:Deadpool 1483:Avengers 1437:X-Factor 1418:Hulkling 1374:Runaways 1335:Mystique 1317:X-Statix 1283:Pantheon 1212:Jon Kent 1197:come out 1161:Superman 1138:rebooted 1095:Catwoman 1087:Catwoman 1059:series. 1047:Batwoman 1011:Rag Doll 971:Batwoman 940:Obsidian 888:Superman 793:dissolve 672:Watchmen 660:Watchmen 656:Watchmen 627:Watchmen 514:famously 390:de facto 5991:History 5970:by year 5934:Netflix 5882:lesbian 5814:TV film 5758:Lesbian 5719:Asexual 5657:2015–19 5652:2010–14 5642:2005–09 5637:2000–04 5438:Erotica 5433:Class S 5319:Iceland 5309:Ecuador 5104:Western 5069:Romance 5049:Fantasy 4961:(Ages: 4951:History 4884:Artists 4788:Yonkoma 4744:Formats 4665:Part IV 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LGBT themes in American mainstream comics

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