320:(ECU) may be either analog or digital, and the system may or may not have closed-loop lambda control. The system is based on the K-Jetronic mechanical system, with the addition of an electro-hydraulic actuator, essentially a fuel injector inline with the fuel return. Instead of injecting fuel into the intake, this injector allows fuel to bypass the fuel distributor, which varies the fuel pressure supplied to the mechanical injection components based on several inputs (engine speed, air pressure, coolant temperature, throttle position, lambda etc.) via the ECU. With the electronics disconnected, this system will operate as a K-Jetronic system.
402:. The ECU was much cheaper to produce due to more modern components, and was more standardised than the L-Jetronic ECUs. As per L-Jetronic, a vane-type airflow sensor is used. Compared with L-Jetronic, the fuel injectors used by LE-Jetronic have a higher impedance. Three variants of LE-Jetronic exist: LE1, the initial version. LE2 (1984–), featured cold start functionality integrated in the ECU, which does not require the cold start injector and thermo time switch used by older systems. LE3 (1989–), featuring miniaturised ECU with hybrid technology, integrated into the junction box of the mass airflow meter.
1038:
259:, which in turn is determined by the volume of air passing the vane, and by the control pressure. The control pressure is regulated with a mechanical device called the control pressure regulator (CPR) or the warm-up regulator (WUR). Depending on the model, the CPR may be used to compensate for altitude, full load, and/or a cold engine. The injectors are simple spring-loaded
855:
1050:
514:
Mono-Jetronic is different from all other known single-point systems, in that it only relies on a throttle position sensor for judging the engine load. There are no sensors for air flow, or intake manifold vacuum. Mono-Jetronic always had adaptive closed-loop lambda control, and due to the simple
112:
to perform all of the processing. Two important factors that led to the ultimate failure of the
Electrojector system: the use of paper-wrapped capacitors unsuited to heat-cycling and amplitude modulation (tv/ham radio) signals to control the injectors were superseded. The still present lack of
88:
in the late 1950s. Rather than choosing to eradicate the various reliability issues with the
Electrojector system, Bendix instead licensed the design to Bosch. With the role of the Bendix system being largely forgotten D-Jetronic became known as the first widely successful precursor of modern
251:, which divides the single fuel supply line from the tank into smaller lines, one for each injector. The fuel distributor is mounted atop a control vane through which all intake air must pass, and the system works by varying fuel volume supplied to the injectors based on the angle of a
390:, the world's first production fuel injected motorcycle. Despite physical similarity between L-Jetronic components and those produced under license by other manufacturers, the non-Bosch systems should not be called L-Jetronic, and the parts are usually incompatible.
89:
electronic common rail systems; it had constant pressure fuel delivery to the injectors and pulsed injections, albeit grouped (2 groups of injectors pulsed together) rather than sequential (individual injector pulses) as on later systems.
482:
architecture) and 32 kB programme memory based on the 27C256 chip. LH-Jetronic 2.4 has adaptive lambda control, and support for a variety of advanced features; including fuel enrichment based on
124:
fuel delivery, the fuel pressure was not modulated by manifold pressure, and the injectors were fired only once per 2 revolutions on the engine (with half of the injectors being fired each revolution).
335:
Analog fuel injection. L-Jetronic was often called Air-Flow
Controlled (AFC) injection to further separate it from the pressure-controlled D-Jetronic — with the 'L' in its name derived from
160:. Commonly called 'Continuous Injection System (CIS) in the USA. K-Jetronic is different from pulsed injection systems in that the fuel flows continuously from all injectors, while the
605:
73:, in order to calculate the duration of fuel injection pulses. Originally, this system was called Jetronic, but the name D-Jetronic was later created as a
1010:
113:
processing power and the unavailability of solid-state sensors meant that the vacuum sensor was a rather expensive precision instrument, rather like a
1096:
922:
875:
557:
Robert Bosch GmbH (1985). Electronically
Controlled Gasoline Fuel-Injected System with Lambda Closed-Loop Control - KE-Jetronic.
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690:
658:
301:
201:
343:, meaning 'air'. In the system, air flow into the engine is measured by a moving vane (indicating engine load) known as the
382:, and others produced similar fuel injection systems for Asian car manufacturers. L-Jetronic manufactured under license by
263:
with nozzles; once fuel system pressure becomes high enough to overcome the counterspring, the injectors begin spraying.
120:
Although conceptually similar to most later systems with individual electrically controlled injectors per cylinder, and
1053:
172:). The volume of air taken in by the engine is measured to determine the amount of fuel to inject. This system has no
507:
Digital fuel injection. This system features one centrally positioned fuel injection nozzle. In the US, this kind of
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1081:
1015:
1101:
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injection was marketed as 'throttle body injection' (TBI, by GM), or 'central fuel injection' (CFI, by Ford).
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105:
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782:
762:
728:
491:). Some later (post-1995) versions contain hardware support for first generation diagnostics according to
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Volvo enthusiasts. The site mostly focuses on 240-series cars with the Bosch K-Jet fuel injection systems
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control, also named Ku-Jetronic, the letter u denominating USA. The system was developed to comply with
132:
designed timing mechanism and Lucas labels super-imposed on some components) on the Jaguar V12 engine (
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49:. There are several variations of the technology offering technological development and refinement.
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Baggeroer, Artgur B. L-Jetronic fuel injection. July 1985. General OneFile. Web. 23 July 2012.
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engine load sensing, it is heavily dependent on the lambda sensor for correct functioning.
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respectively, but with closed-loop lambda control. Initially designed for the US market.
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car manufacturers, and by sports and luxury cars produced in small quantities, such as
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Commonly known as 'CIS-E' in the USA. The later KE3 (CIS-E III) variant features
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automobiles. The final car to use K-Jetronic was the 1994 Porsche 911 Turbo 3.6.
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motorcycles. Licensing some of Bosch's L-Jetronic concepts and technologies,
1032:¹Now integrated into other Bosch divisions or business groupings ²Sold
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is measured using a pressure sensor located in, or connected to the
525:, usually with 16 KB of programme memory and without advanced
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117:, with brass bellows inside to measure the manifold pressure.
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Fuel is pumped from the tank to a large control valve called a
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Digital fuel injection, introduced for
California bound 1982
180:
T in
January 1973, and was later installed into a number of
45:
from the 1960s onwards. Bosch licensed the concept to many
462:. The most common variants are LH 2.2, which uses an
347:(VAF) — referred to in German documentation as the
316:
Electronically controlled mechanical fuel injection. The
176:
loop or lambda control. K-Jetronic debuted in the 1973.5
668:
305:
280:
80:
D-Jetronic was essentially a further refinement of the
77:
to distinguish it from subsequent
Jetronic iterations.
27:
Fuel injection technology for automotive petrol engines
394:
LE1-Jetronic, LE2-Jetronic, LE3-Jetronic (1981–1991)
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exhaust emission regulations, and later replaced by
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529:(OBD-II became a requirement in model-year 1996.)
478:80535 microcontroller (a variant of Intel's 8051/
474:programme memory, and LH 2.4, which uses a
454:2) by Bosch. The LH-Jetronic was mostly used by
398:This is a simplified and more modern variant of
164:pressurises the fuel up to approximately 5
92:As in the Electrojector system, D-Jetronic used
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576:Lee Thompson, John De Armond (22 June 1993).
8:
355:, resulting in a simpler and more reliable
1011:Robert Bosch Foundation Fellowship Program
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691:
677:
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148:Mechanical fuel injection, 'K' stands for
362:L-Jetronic was used heavily in 1980s-era
470:) microcontroller, and usually a 4
351:or LMM. L-Jetronic used custom-designed
550:
406:LU1-Jetronic, LU2-Jetronic (1983–1991)
84:fuel delivery system developed by the
57:Analogue fuel injection, 'D' is from
7:
1049:
631:"About Opel fuel injection systems"
25:
923:Digifant engine management system
442:technology used to determine the
128:The system was last used (with a
1097:Automotive technology tradenames
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1037:
1036:
853:
659:History of the D-Jetronic System
384:Japan Electronic Control Systems
888:Japan Electronic Control System
499:) and immobiliser functions.
302:California Air Resources Board
1:
446:of air into the engine. This
359:(ECU) than the D-Jetronic's.
876:Broadcast Television Systems
430:models. The 'LH' stands for
41:, developed and marketed by
489:Volvo B204GT/B204FT engines
376:Hitachi Automotive Products
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37:technology for automotive
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851:
503:Mono-Jetronic (1988–1995)
452:Hitzdrahtluftmassenmesser
610:www.bosch-automotive.com
271:First introduced on the
140:) from 1975 until 1979.
65:meaning pressure. Inlet
47:automobile manufacturers
422:LH-Jetronic (1982–1998)
415:
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312:KE-Jetronic (1985–1993)
1077:Fuel injection systems
867:of these are no longer
763:Bosch Security Systems
435:
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388:1980 Kawasaki Z1000-H1
345:volume air flow sensor
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331:L-Jetronic (1974–1989)
327:sensing capabilities.
279:in 1981. A variant of
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144:K-Jetronic (1973–1994)
62:
53:D-Jetronic (1967–1979)
1021:Robert Bosch Stiftung
995:Robert-Bosch-Hospital
436:"Luftmasse-Hitzdraht"
122:pulse-width modulated
33:is a trade name of a
840:Telex Communications
635:www.users.telenet.be
527:on-board diagnostics
357:engine control unit
353:integrated circuits
318:engine control unit
267:K-Jetronic (Lambda)
96:circuitry, with no
865:shareholdings (any
863:Joint ventures and
797:Former and defunct
768:Bosch Solar Energy
440:hotwire anemometer
386:was fitted to the
86:Bendix Corporation
35:manifold injection
1092:Engine technology
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487:temperature (ex.
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43:Robert Bosch GmbH
16:(Redirected from
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902:, disbanded)
709:subsidiaries
640:23 September
638:. Retrieved
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615:23 September
613:. Retrieved
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588:. Retrieved
578:"L-Jetronic"
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509:single-point
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456:Scandinavian
451:
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416:LE2-Jetronic
412:LE1-Jetronic
410:The same as
409:
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368:BMW K-Series
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299:California's
277:DMC DeLorean
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261:check valves
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985:Bosch-Halle
900:Samsung SDI
894:SB LiMotive
590:17 November
485:exhaust gas
460:Porsche 928
380:NipponDenso
306:KE-Jetronic
285:closed-loop
253:moving vane
202:Rolls-Royce
178:Porsche 911
168:(73.5
110:transistors
18:LH-Jetronic
1071:Categories
949:Anna Bosch
918:Bosch 1886
898:(50% with
581:(archived
545:References
520:Intel 8051
400:L-Jetronic
281:K-Jetronic
186:Volkswagen
158:continuous
156:, meaning
990:Gerlingen
804:Blaupunkt
783:Worcester
428:Volvo 240
162:fuel pump
115:barometer
1043:Category
933:Motronic
928:Jetronic
911:Products
816:Indramat
729:Gaggenau
585:message)
539:Motronic
533:See also
495:(a.k.a.
493:ISO 9141
364:European
94:analogue
75:retronym
31:Jetronic
1055:Commons
882:Fernseh
810:Fernseh
716:Current
476:Siemens
255:in the
226:Renault
218:Peugeot
214:Ferrari
206:Bentley
182:Porsche
63:"Druck"
978:Places
942:People
896:
773:Dremel
750:Pitsos
583:usenet
497:OBD-II
480:MCS-51
468:MCS-48
466:8049 (
438:- the
432:German
337:German
292:U.S.A.
288:lambda
273:PRV V6
222:Nissan
174:lambda
150:German
104:, the
59:German
1004:Other
788:Zexel
743:Balay
700:Bosch
464:Intel
372:Lucas
325:knock
295:state
283:with
230:Volvo
210:Lotus
130:Lucas
834:Skil
778:ETAS
736:NEFF
642:2017
617:2017
592:2009
444:mass
414:and
341:luft
242:Ford
240:and
234:Saab
190:Audi
138:XJ-S
136:and
134:XJ12
100:nor
297:of
238:TVR
194:BMW
170:psi
166:bar
106:ECU
1073::
633:.
608:.
472:kB
434::
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152::
61::
890:²
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818:¹
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806:²
692:e
685:t
678:v
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619:.
594:.
20:)
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