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nursery groups in shallow waters also allows members to hunt prey species that inhabit in these waters. Both adults and calves have been observed to chase and catch fish, and the adults may be teaching the calves how to hunt. In contrast to shallower waters, hunting in deep water at night may be too dangerous for calves. Calves are particularly vulnerable to predators like killer whales and use of shallow water by nursery groups may be a way to avoid predation. Nursery groups tend to avoid mating groups. Adult males in these groups will aggressively herd and chase females. They can separate calves from their mothers and harass them, as well. Calves may also become even more vulnerable to predators as they become exhausted and disoriented. Mother dolphins may
975:
vigorous or lack social skill. Males also may form alliances to catch females. Unlike male bottlenose dolphins, male dusky dolphins cannot monopolise females. The time when female dusky dolphins first reproduce varies between regions. New
Zealand dolphins first reproduce at about seven to years, with possibly six to seven years for Argentine dolphins. A study of dusky dolphins off the coast of Peru showed the reproductive cycle lasts around 28.6 months, with mother dolphins pregnant for 12.9 months, lactating for a further 12 months, and resting for 3.7 months before the cycle begins again. During copulation, females tend to be on the top. As with all species where females mate with multiple partners, male dusky dolphins have large testes for
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water and positions its back in a curve while it flips the tail to land back in the water head-first. "Humping" is similar, except the snout and tail remain in the water when the dolphin is the arch. Leaps, head-over-tail leaps, backslaps, headslaps, tailslaps, and spins are often done over and over again. Young dusky dolphins apparently are not born with the ability to perform the leaps and must learn to master each one. Calves appear to learn the leaps in this order: noisy leaps, head first re-entries, coordinated leaps, and acrobatic leaps. Adults may perform different leaps in different contexts, and calves may independently learn how to perform leaps, as well as learn when to perform these when interacting others.
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51:
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Two blazes of white colour run back on the body from the dorsal fin to the tail. Right between the white areas remains a characteristic thorn-shaped patch of dark colour, by which the species can easily be recognised. Aside from that, dusky dolphins may be confused with other members of their genus when observed at sea. It can be distinguished from the
1096:. Dusky dolphin watching is also popular in New Zealand, whose dolphin-watching industry begin in the late 1980s, as a side attraction to sperm whale watching. Whale and dolphin watching tours have grown with around 75 permitted dolphin tour operators. New Zealand has several locations to view and swim with dusky dolphins, notably in KaikĹŤura and
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571:
100 kg (220 lb) in mass. The size for dusky dolphins in New
Zealand have been recorded to be a length range of 167–178 cm (66–70 in) and a weight range of 69–78 kg (152–172 lb) for females and a length range of 165–175 cm (65–69 in) and a weight range of 70–85 kg (154–187 lb) for males.
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in Peru when the anchoveta fishery collapsed in 1972. Dolphins have also been caught in gill nets in New
Zealand, but catches appear to have dropped since the 1970s and 1980s. In Peru, dusky dolphins are killed in large numbers (10,000–15,000 per year) and used as shark bait or for human consumption, which has led to a status of
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is distinctively two-toned; the leading edge matches the back in colour, but the trailing edge is a much lighter greyish white. The dusky dolphin has a long, light-grey patch on its fore side leading to a short, dark-grey beak. The throat and belly are white, and the beak and lower jaw are dark grey.
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because; "... Although information is sparse, several Dusky
Dolphin populations are large, seemingly stable, and not subject to high levels of anthropogenic threats". Dusky dolphins may fall victim to the small cetacean fisheries of Peru and Chile. The expansion of these fisheries could have started
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The dusky dolphin is small to medium in length compared with other species in the family. There is significant variation in size among the different population areas. The largest dusky dolphins have been encountered off the coast of Peru, where they are up to 210 cm (6.9 ft) in length and
1092:) as the target species. Tourists interested in seeing dusky dolphins grew from 1,393 in 1997 to 1,840 in 2000. Encounters with dolphins increased from 25% during 1999 to 90% in 2001. Dolphin watching in this areas started as an alternative to whale watching, which was mostly based on that of the
1011:
Dusky dolphins perform a number of aerial displays, including leaps, backslaps, headslaps, tailslaps, spins, and noseouts. They also perform head-over-tail leaps which have been called the most "acrobatic" of the displays. A headfirst re-entry is performed when a dolphin leaps entirely out of the
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Females with calves tend to gather in nursery groups in shallow water. Nursery groups likely provide mothers and calves more time to rest, which is important for both. While the behaviours of nursery groups vary by month, resting is the predominant behaviour during most months. The formation of
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When hunting in shallower waters in New
Zealand and Argentina, dusky dolphins tend to forage during the day. The dolphins chase schools of fish or squid and herd them into stationary balls. They may control the school with light reflected from their white bellies. Dolphins herd prey against the
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quickly, burst pulses, which are individual clicks with high repetition and can be heard by humans only as a buzzing sound, and whistles, which are signals that are pure-tones and whose frequency varies depending on the time. Dusky dolphins produce all three sounds, but most commonly make burst
974:
In the mating groups, the males pursue a female in high-speed chases. Females seem to prefer males with great speed and agility rather than size, strength, or aggression. Females may extend the chase as long as possible so only the best male remains. Females may try to evade males that are not
808:
signals are broadband and of short duration, much like those other whistle-producing toothed whales. They tend to have bimodal frequency spectra which peak between 40 and 50 kHz at low frequency and between 80 and 110 kHz at high frequency. The species' echolocation signals are about
1103:
While dusky dolphin tourism is a larger industry in New
Zealand than it is in Argentina, the effects of tourism on the dolphins seem to be lower in the former than the latter. New Zealand tours are operated under permits, and are limited in number and have conditions and guidelines related to
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730:
Dusky dolphins prefer cool, upwelling waters, as well as cold currents. They largely live in inshore waters and can be found up to the outer continental shelf and in similar zones in offshore islands. They can move over great distances (around 780 km), but have no well-defined seasonal
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at night. They arrive at the hunting site individually, but form groups when in the layer. The dolphins use their echolocation to detect and isolate an individual prey. Groups of foraging dolphins tend to increase when the layer is near the surface and decrease when it descends.
1069:. Dusky dolphins are commonly seen in this area, which is also where the greatest density of farming activity is proposed. Apparently, dolphins rarely enter existing farms, and when they do, they usually swim quickly up the lanes and between rows of lines and floats.
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related species. Some researchers have suggested they are the same species, but morphological and life-history evidence shows otherwise. The two sister species diverged at around 1.9–3.0 million years ago. Recent analysis of the mitochondrial
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mating system in which both males and females mate with multiple partners. Mating groups are generally made of around 10 males and a single female. These mating groups can be found in both shallow and deep water but more often gather near shore.
958:, New Zealand, showed the dolphins normally live in large groups that split into smaller subgroups. These subgroups are composed of mating adults (mating groups), mothers with calves (nursery groups) and nonbreeding adults. Dusky dolphins have a
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or the New
Zealand dusky dolphin, has been proposed but is not currently accepted. Dusky dolphins from Argentina and southwest Africa separated 2000 generations ago from an ancestral Atlantic population and subsequently diverged without much
1698:
2620:
Markowitz, T.M.; Dans, S.L.; Crespo, E.A.; Lundquist, D.L.; and Duprey, N.M.T. "Human interactions with dusky dolphins: harvest, fisheries, habitat alteration, and tourism". Pp. 211–44 in: Würsig, B., and Würsig, M., editors.
865:. They are generally coordinated hunters. Their very flexible foraging strategies can change depending on the environment. In certain parts of New Zealand, where deep oceanic waters meet the shore, dusky dolphins forage in
874:
surface, but also horizontally against the shore, a point of land, or the hull of a boat. During these times, dusky dolphins are believed to increase prey availability for other predators, including other dolphins,
2512:" of the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS). As amended by the Conference of the Parties in 1985, 1988, 1991, 1994, 1997, 1999, 2002, 2005 and 2008. Effective: 5 March 2009.
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range. The dolphins can be found off the coasts of South
America, southwestern Africa, southern Australia and Tasmania, New Zealand, and some oceanic islands. Off South America, they range from southern Peru to
1444:
Cassens, I; Van
Waerebeek, K; Best, PB; Tzika, A; Van Helden, AL; Crespo, EA; Milinkovitch, MC (2005). "Evidence for male dispersal along the coasts but no migration in pelagic waters in dusky dolphins
1924:
1819:
Webber, M.C. 1987. "A comparison of dusky and
Pacific white-sided dolphins (genus . Lagenorhynchus): morphology and distribution". M.S. Thesis, San Francisco State University, San Francisco CA. 102 pp.
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508:. If this placement is accurate, a new genus name will need to be coined to accommodate these two species. It has therefore been proposed that the dusky dolphin, together with Pacific white-sided,
1690:
683:, although they are uncommon and those that are sighted there are possibly transients from New Zealand. They are also found around Campbell, Auckland, and Chatham in the western South Pacific,
2260:
McFadden, C. J. (2003). "Behavioral flexibility of feeding dusky dolphins (Lagenorhynchus obscurus) in Admiralty Bay, New Zealand." MSc thesis, Texas A&M University, College Station , TX.
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approach procedures and swim operations. By contrast, no direct regulation of dolphin watching is done in Argentina. As such, dolphin activities are often disturbed by touring vessels.
1941:
Gill, Peter C.; Ross, Graham J. B.; Dawbin, William H.; Wapstra, Hans (2000). "Confirmed Sightings of Dusky Dolphins (Lagenorhynchus Obscurus) in Southern Australian Waters".
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migrations. However, dolphins off Argentina and New Zealand make inshore and offshore seasonal and diurnal movements. In Argentina, dusky dolphins associate closely with
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occurs in this species, although males have more curved dorsal fins with broader bases and greater surface areas. The back of the dolphin is dark grey or black, and the
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1668:
418:. Gray reported that the animal was captured around the Cape of Good Hope by a Captain Haviside (often misspelt "Heaviside") and sent to the British Museum though the
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Dusky dolphins are popular attractions for whale-watching tours. Since 1997, dolphin-watching activities have increased in Patagonia, with dusky dolphins (along with
671:. They are especially common in the cold waters of the Southland and Canterbury currents. In Africa, the dusky dolphin ranges from Lobito Bay, Angola in the north to
4776:
4841:
1921:
950:, with most group size increases occurring during foraging and decreases in group sizes occurring during resting and traveling. In the Golfo San José off the
546:. Most populations have low genetic diversity, with the Peruvian population being an exception. Possible hybrids of dusky dolphins have been described with a
5024:
2551:
Markowitz, Tim M.; Harlin, April D.; WĂĽrsig, Bernd; McFadden, Cynthia J. (2004). "Dusky dolphin foraging habitat: overlap with aquaculture in New Zealand".
980:
2329:
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Vollmer, Nicole L.; Ashe, Erin; Brownell, Robert L.; Cipriano, Frank; Mead, James G.; Reeves, Randall R.; Soldevilla, Melissa S.; Williams, Rob (2019).
2522:
1856:
Fraser, F. C. 1966: Comments on the Delphinoidea. In: "Whales, Dolphins and. Porpoises," K. S, Norris (Ed.), pp. 7–37, University of California Press.
954:, dolphins commonly switch between small traveling groups and large sociosexual groups, and encounter a variety of associates. Studies of dolphins off
587:, which has a more prominent and longer beak and yellow flank markings. The skull of a dusky dolphin has a longer and narrower rostrum than that of an
2370:
Markowitz, T.M.; Markowitz, W.J.; and Morton, L.M. "Mating habits of New Zealand dusky dolphins". Pp. 151–76 in: Würsig, B., and Würsig, M., editors.
498:, as traditionally conceived, is not a natural (monophyletic) group. Another study finds that the dusky and the Pacific white-sided dolphin form the
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1045:) as it has an unfavourable conservation status or would benefit significantly from international co-operation organised by tailored agreements.
2722:
1502:
LeDuc, R.G.; Perrin, W.F.; Dizon, A.E. (1999). "Phylogenetic relationships among the delphinid cetaceans based on full cytochrome b sequences".
5059:
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WĂĽrsig, B.; Kieckhefer, T. R.; Jefferson, T. A. (1990). "Visual displays for communication in cetaceans". In Thomas, J.; Kastelein, R. (eds.).
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Markowitz, T.M. (2004). "Social organization of the New Zealand dusky dolphin". PhD . dissertation, Texas A&M University, College Station.
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for the Peru subspecies. The dolphins are also thought to have been harpooned off South Africa, but the numbers are not considered large.
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1980:
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327:, but current scientific consensus holds they are distinct species. The dolphin's range is patchy, with major populations around
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Weir, J.; Deutsch, S.; and Pearson, H.C. "Dusky Dolphin Calf Rearing". Pp. 177–94 in: Würsig, B.; and Würsig, M., editors.
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Caldwell, M.C; Caldwell, D.K (1971). "Underwater pulsed sounds produced by captive spotted dolphins, Stenella plagiodon".
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and large sharks. Dolphins avoid killer whales by swimming into shallower water. Dusky dolphins are also susceptible to
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The dusky dolphin is listed on Appendix II of the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (
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species and has flexible hunting tactics. The dusky dolphin is known for its remarkable acrobatics, having a number of
347:. The dusky dolphin prefers cool currents and inshore waters, but can also be found offshore. It feeds on a variety of
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4698:
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795:). These are click trains, which are made of numerous individual clicks, usually broadband signals that change from
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886:. In Argentina, dusky dolphins may use bird aggregations to locate and herd prey. Conversely, pinnipeds and sharks
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675:, South Africa in the south. Within Australian waters, dusky dolphins have been recorded in colder waters of
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Dusky dolphins are found throughout New Zealand waters. The dolphin population in this area centres around
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2315:"Helminth parasites and phoronts of dusky dolphins Lagenorhynchus obscurus (Gray, 1828) from Peru"
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3547:
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May-Collado, L.; Agnarsson, I. (2006). "Cytochrome b and Bayesian inference of whale phylogeny".
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between males has been observed. Dolphins having sex for social reasons tend to be more relaxed.
740:
442:
340:
111:
5001:
4690:
4004:
3995:
3398:
3332:
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2649:. Perrin, W. F., Wursig, B and J. G.M. Thewissen., editors. (2008) Academic Press; 2nd edition,
1424:(edited by Perrin, W. F., Wursig, B and J. G.M. Thewissen), Academic Press; 2nd edition, (2008)
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592:
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pulses. Whistling is more common when dusky dolphins mingle with other dolphin species such as
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4724:
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2108:"Movement patterns, behaviors, and whistle sounds of dolphin groups off Kaikoura, New Zealand"
1976:
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Dusky dolphins prey on a variety of fish and squid species. Common fish species eaten include
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1729:
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2211:) foraging in two different habitats: active acoustic detection of dolphins and their prey"
2015:"Behavior and ecology of the dusky dolphin, Lagenorhynchus obscurus, in the South Atlantic"
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3723:
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3183:
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1928:
1355:"Contribution to the natural history of the cetaceans: a review of the family Delphinidae"
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1954:
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Behavior and occurrence patterns, feeding ecology, and life history of dusky dolphins (
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1515:
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641:
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from a specimen harpooned off Argentina in 1838. The dusky dolphin was reclassified as
450:
400:
198:
17:
2391:
Whitehead, H.; and Mann, J. (2000). "Female reproductive strategies of cetaceans". In
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84:
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1339:
List of the specimens of Cetacea in the Zoological Department of the British Museum
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Handbook of Marine Mammals: The second book of dolphins and the porpoises, Volume 6
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891:
838:
668:
660:
637:
499:
491:
2056:"Recent observations and some historical records of southern right-whale dolphins
612:
50:
4934:
1971:
Randall R. Reeves; Brent S. Stewart; Phillip J. Clapham; James A. Powell (2002).
1187:
Alafaro-Shiguieto, J.; Crespo, E.; Elwen, S.; Lundquist, D.; Mangel, J. (2020) .
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and credited Lesson and Garnot (1826) for their original description. Meanwhile,
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In general, three different types of sounds are produced by dolphins (and other
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724:
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Three dusky dolphin subspecies have been classified: the African dusky dolphin (
336:
168:
3057:
3048:
3006:
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1111:
895:
760:
579:
562:
4661:
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1366:
743:, but apparently do not interact with them, and may share feeding areas with
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4160:
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1922:"Whales dolphins and seals with special reference to the New Zealand region"
1310:
907:
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796:
768:
752:
748:
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621:
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543:
518:
128:
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2014:
1691:"List of Proposed, Un-named Marine Mammal Species and Subspecies|June 2021"
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359:. The status of the dolphin is unknown, but it has been commonly caught in
2587:"Potential impact of unregulated dolphin watching activities in Patagonia"
41:
4968:
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4655:
4059:
4032:
3944:
3885:
3678:
3481:
2798:
2786:
2735:
1720:
Reyes, Julio C. (1996). "A Possible Case of Hybridism in Wild Dolphins".
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148:
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1836:. South Melbourne, Victoria: Oxford University Press. pp. 226–27.
941:
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846:
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360:
304:
178:
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998:
983:, perhaps for greeting, communication, or strengthening social bonds.
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4711:
3595:
2792:
2780:
1873:
Goodall, R.; de Haro, J.; Fraga, F.; Iniquez, M.; Norris, K. (1997).
1062:
764:
664:
391:
It is commonly thought that the dusky dolphin was first described by
332:
158:
138:
4632:
2564:
1294:
2585:
Coscarella, M. A; Dans, S. L; Crespo, E. A; Pedraza, S. N. (2003).
2159:
Au, WW; WĂĽrsig, B (2004). "Echolocation signals of dusky dolphins (
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However, Gray later wrote that a similar dolphin was described as
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101:
95:
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of the dolphin hunts. Dusky dolphins are themselves preyed on by
4882:
4115:
3523:
1025:
The dusky dolphin, protected in much of its range, is listed as
850:
756:
348:
4636:
3147:
2829:
2739:
2676:, K. S, Norris. editor, (1977) University of California Press.
2662:. WĂĽrsig, B., and WĂĽrsig, M., editors. (2010) Academic Press.
2395:. Mann, J., editor. University of Chicago Press, pp. 219–246.
433:
and Prosper Garnot from a specimen collected off the coast of
395:
in 1828 from stuffed skin and a single skull shipped from the
2129:
Au, W.W.L.; Lammer, M.O; Yin, S."Acoustics of Dusky Dolphin (
1973:
National Audubon Society Guide to Marine Mammals of the World
2689:. Thomas, J.; Kastelein, R., editors. (1990) Plenum Press.
2523:"Convention on Migratory Species page on the Dusky dolphin"
2117:, A Thesis, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX.
339:, and various oceanic islands, with some sightings around
437:
two years before his own classification. Gray classified
2703:. Mann, J., editor. (2000) University of Chicago Press,
1661:"List of Marine Mammal Species and Subspecies|June 2021"
1569:"Taxonomic revision of the dolphin genus Lagenorhynchus"
2730:
2133:)". Pp. 75–98 in: Würsig, B., and Würsig, M., editors.
2660:
The Dusky Dolphin: Master Acrobat off Different Shores
2623:
The Dusky Dolphin: Master Acrobat off Different Shores
2553:
Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems
2432:
The Dusky Dolphin: Master Acrobat off Different Shores
2372:
The Dusky Dolphin: Master Acrobat off Different Shores
2205:
Benoit-Bird, K.J.; WĂĽrsig, B.; McFadden, C.J. (2004).
2135:
The Dusky Dolphin: Master Acrobat off Different Shores
747:. They also associate with various seabirds, such as
453:
also described what turned out to be this species as
981:
sexual behaviour for reasons other than reproduction
4958:
4645:
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4403:
4379:
4338:
4296:
4279:
4251:
4242:
4205:
4196:
4168:
4159:
4113:
4104:
4067:
4058:
4030:
4021:
3993:
3942:
3901:
3884:
3856:
3832:
3823:
3760:
3736:
3676:
3617:
3584:
3560:
3536:
3512:
3479:
3438:
3369:
3345:
3321:
3280:
3256:
3232:
3181:
3164:
3107:
3098:
3070:
3046:
2950:
2933:
2879:
2855:
2846:
2481:
10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T134820643A151580809.en
2580:
2578:
2576:
2574:
1052:A pair of dusky dolphins swimming alongside a boat
2299:
2297:
2295:
2293:
2291:
2256:
2254:
2165:The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
1796:
1794:
1792:
2313:Van Waerebeek, K; Reyes, JC; Alfaro, J (1993).
2154:
2152:
2150:
1562:
1560:
1212:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T11146A175604493.en
2546:
2544:
2200:
2198:
2196:
2194:
1916:
1914:
1912:
1875:"Sightings and behaviour of Peale's dolphins,
1749:"A possible hybrid between the dusky dolphin (
775:. Dusky dolphins have also been observed with
2751:
1359:Bulletin of the United States National Museum
771:. In New Zealand, dusky dolphins mingle with
8:
2125:
2123:
1827:
1825:
2102:
2100:
2008:
2006:
2004:
2002:
2000:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1992:
1416:Waerebeek, K. V., Wursi, B. "Dusky Dolphin
611:The dusky dolphin has a discontinuous semi-
533:), and the Peruvian/Chilean dusky dolphin (
4633:
4293:
4248:
4202:
4165:
4110:
4064:
4027:
3898:
3829:
3178:
3161:
3144:
3104:
2947:
2852:
2843:
2826:
2758:
2744:
2736:
2616:
2614:
2612:
2610:
2608:
1966:
1964:
640:. In comparison, they are uncommon in the
273:
73:
49:
40:
31:
2479:
2366:
2364:
2362:
2360:
2358:
2356:
2354:
2352:
2350:
1626:Perrin, William (2009). Perrin WF (ed.).
1470:
1374:
1342:. London: British Museum. pp. 28–29.
1210:
942:Dolphin § Reproduction and sexuality
628:in the east. Its range also includes the
2452:Mangel, J.; Alfaro-Shigueto, J. (2019).
1753:) and the southern right whale dolphin (
1412:
1410:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1402:
1400:
1398:
993:look after calves that are not their own
319:for "dark" or "dim". It is very closely
2723:images and movies of the dusky dolphin
2426:
2424:
2422:
2420:
2418:
2416:
2414:
2412:
2410:
2408:
2054:Cruickshank, R.A.; Brown, S.G. (1981).
1887:International Whaling Commission Report
1174:
2731:Whale and Dolphin Conservation Society
1439:
1437:
1317:from the original on 23 September 2020
1299:Annals and Magazine of Natural History
1182:
1180:
1178:
1081:Dusky dolphin tours off New Zealand's
1065:on dusky dolphins has been studied in
403:. Gray first described the species as
2239:from the original on 27 November 2010
1834:A Field Guide to Mammals of Australia
1809:(Phd. Thesis). University of Arizona.
1701:from the original on 14 December 2023
1671:from the original on 27 November 2020
1607:from the original on 11 November 2021
1531:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
1261:
1259:
979:. Dusky dolphins sometimes engage in
7:
4857:7f8cf38a-bbd8-48af-a865-d24c91af22c4
1383:from the original on 30 October 2019
1244:from the original on 5 December 2017
632:. They are particularly common from
5025:IUCN Red List least concern species
2467:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
1198:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
516:are moved to the resurrected genus
429:by French surgeons and naturalists
2230:10.1111/j.1748-7692.2004.tb01152.x
1955:10.1111/j.1748-7692.2000.tb00937.x
1931:. Heinemann Educational Books Ltd.
1734:10.1111/j.1748-7692.1996.tb00581.x
1516:10.1111/j.1748-7692.1999.tb00833.x
566:Closeup of dusky dolphin surfacing
58:Size compared to an average human
25:
3780:Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin (
2274:. Plenum Press. pp. 545–59.
2035:from the original on 1 April 2011
936:Social behaviour and reproduction
1883:, of southernmost South America"
1879:, with notes on dusky dolphins,
1640:World Register of Marine Species
1463:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02407.x
1142:
1128:
1114:
527:Lagenorhynchus obscurus obscurus
115:
5075:Cetaceans of the Atlantic Ocean
3921:Indo-Pacific finless porpoise (
3798:Tamanend's bottlenose dolphin (
3646:Indian Ocean humpback dolphin (
3637:Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin (
2674:Whales, Dolphins and. Porpoises
2013:WĂĽrsig, B.; WĂĽrsig, M. (1980).
1002:Dusky dolphin performing a flip
465:, before gaining another name,
307:found in coastal waters in the
5085:Taxa named by John Edward Gray
5070:Cetaceans of the Pacific Ocean
3467:Southern right whale dolphin (
3458:Northern right whale dolphin (
3390:Atlantic white-sided dolphin (
2687:Sensory Abilities of Cetaceans
2647:Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals
2272:Sensory Abilities of Cetaceans
2064:South African Fishery Bulletin
1422:Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals
787:Vocalisations and echolocation
739:. They have been found around
695:in the southern Indian Ocean.
644:and the inshore waters of the
620:in the west and from southern
494:gene indicates that the genus
461:in 1885 by British naturalist
1:
5060:Fauna of the Falkland Islands
4504:Deraniyagala's beaked whale (
4477:Ginkgo-toothed beaked whale (
3688:Pantropical spotted dolphin (
3655:Australian humpback dolphin (
3417:Pacific white-sided dolphin (
2163:) in Kaikoura, New Zealand".
777:southern right whale dolphins
607:Dusky dolphins of New Zealand
3500:Australian snubfin dolphin (
2908:North Atlantic right whale (
1695:Society for Marine Mammalogy
1665:Society for Marine Mammalogy
1272:. Elsevier. pp. 85–95.
599:Populations and distribution
552:southern right whale dolphin
4450:Blainville's beaked whale (
4391:Tropical bottlenose whale (
4367:Southern bottlenose whale (
4358:Northern bottlenose whale (
3807:Common bottlenose dolphin (
3664:Atlantic humpback dolphin (
2917:North Pacific right whale (
2328:(3): 159–69. Archived from
2070:(1): 109–21. Archived from
1807:) off Kaikoura, New Zealand
1543:10.1016/j.ympev.2005.09.019
910:species, mostly the genera
483:Pacific white-sided dolphin
325:Pacific white-sided dolphin
5111:
5095:Mammals of Southern Africa
4549:Stejneger's beaked whale (
3930:Yangtze finless porpoise (
3715:Atlantic spotted dolphin (
3300:Short-finned pilot whale (
2474:: e.T134820643A151580809.
1067:Admiralty Bay, New Zealand
939:
813:lower than for the larger
687:in the South Atlantic and
548:long-beaked common dolphin
481:The dusky dolphin and the
469:, from American biologist
375:Dusky dolphin drawings in
5080:Mammals described in 1828
5055:Fauna of Tristan da Cunha
4582:Shepherd's beaked whale (
4125:Araguaian river dolphin (
3309:Long-finned pilot whale (
3160:
3143:
2842:
2825:
2775:
2725:(Lagenorhynchus obscurus)
2625:. Academic Press. (2010)
2434:. Academic Press. (2010)
2374:. Academic Press. (2010)
2137:. Academic Press. (2010)
1832:Menkhorst, Peter (2001).
946:Dusky dolphins live in a
783:off southwestern Africa.
595:of similar age and size.
420:Royal College of Surgeons
385:Mammalogy and Ornithology
286: Dusky dolphin range
281:
272:
251:
246:
227:
220:
112:Scientific classification
110:
93:
71:
62:
57:
48:
39:
34:
4468:Gervais's beaked whale (
4423:Sowerby's beaked whale (
4134:Bolivian river dolphin (
1975:. Alfred A. Knopf, Inc.
1893:: 757–75. Archived from
1877:Lagenorhynchus australis
1801:Cipriano, F. W. (1992).
1770:: 211–17. Archived from
1367:10.5479/si.03629236.36.1
1295:"On the British Cetacea"
1266:Ridgway, Sam H. (1998).
1016:Relationship with humans
737:South American sea lions
679:, eastern Tasmania, and
537:). A fourth subspecies,
502:to the (expanded) genus
4743:lagenorhynchus-obscurus
4717:lagenorhynchus-obscurus
4704:Lagenorhynchus_obscurus
4691:Lagenorhynchus_obscurus
4677:Lagenorhynchus obscurus
4647:Lagenorhynchus obscurus
4606:Cuvier's beaked whale (
4531:Perrin's beaked whale (
4495:Hector's beaked whale (
4459:Ramari's beaked whale (
4432:Andrews' beaked whale (
4308:Arnoux's beaked whale (
3981:Burmeister's porpoise (
3748:Rough-toothed dolphin (
3172:(Oceanic dolphins)
2971:Antarctic minke whale (
2597:: 77–84. Archived from
2456:Lagenorhynchus obscurus
2209:Lagenorhynchus obscurus
2161:Lagenorhynchus obscurus
2131:Lagenorhynchus obscurus
1805:Lagenorhynchus obscurus
1751:Lagenorhynchus obscurus
1747:Yazdi, Parissa (2002).
1630:Lagenorhynchus obscurus
1447:Lagenorhynchus obscurus
1418:Lagenorhynchus obscurus
1376:2027/hvd.32044066292764
1311:10.1080/037454809495560
1191:Lagenorhynchus obscurus
922:Phyllobothrium delphini
797:low value to high value
467:Lagenorhynchus obscurus
300:Lagenorhynchus obscurus
231:Lagenorhynchus obscurus
18:Lagenorhynchus obscurus
5050:Mammals of New Zealand
4317:Baird's beaked whale (
4217:Ganges river dolphin (
4143:Amazon river dolphin (
3524:Orca or killer whale (
3448:(Right whale dolphins)
3381:White-beaked dolphin (
2899:Southern right whale (
2113:25 August 2011 at the
1636:World Cetacea Database
1336:Flower, W. H. (1885).
1205:: e.T11146A175604493.
1163:Mammals of New Zealand
1085:
1053:
1003:
971:
948:fission-fusion society
930:Pholeter gasterophilus
867:deep scattering layers
830:
821:Foraging and predation
727:
712:
608:
567:
529:), Fitzroy's dolphin (
427:Delphinus supercilious
388:
4997:Paleobiology Database
4904:Paleobiology Database
4558:Spade-toothed whale (
4522:True's beaked whale (
4513:Strap-toothed whale (
4486:Gray's beaked whale (
4441:Hubbs' beaked whale (
4326:Sato's beaked whale (
4226:Indus river dolphin (
3954:Spectacled porpoise (
3770:(Bottlenose dolphins)
3211:Heaviside's dolphin (
3193:Commerson's dolphin (
2998:Pygmy Bryde's whale (
2218:Marine Mammal Science
1943:Marine Mammal Science
1722:Marine Mammal Science
1573:Marine Mammal Science
1504:Marine Mammal Science
1305:(110). London: 82–5.
1080:
1051:
1001:
969:
828:
733:southern right whales
718:
706:
699:Ecology and behaviour
606:
565:
459:Prodelphinus obscurus
431:René Primevère Lesson
374:
5040:Mammals of Patagonia
5030:Mammals of Argentina
4540:Pygmy beaked whale (
4413:(Mesoplodont whales)
3572:False killer whale (
3548:Melon-headed whale (
3268:Pygmy killer whale (
2962:Common minke whale (
2591:J Cetacean Res Manag
2508:11 June 2011 at the
2058:Lissodelphis peronii
1920:Gaskin, D E. (1972)
1755:Lissodelphis peronii
1293:Gray, J. E. (1846).
1234:"Appendices | CITES"
1094:southern right whale
1090:Commerson's dolphins
985:Homosexual behaviour
970:Two dolphins jumping
926:Braunina cordiformis
815:white-beaked dolphin
463:William Henry Flower
416:Specilegia Zoologica
4348:(Bottlenose whales)
4088:Dwarf sperm whale (
4079:Pygmy sperm whale (
3911:(Finless porpoises)
3627:(Humpback dolphins)
3491:Irrawaddy dolphin (
3408:Hourglass dolphin (
3119:Pygmy right whale (
2335:on 4 September 2011
2171:(5 Pt 1): 2307–13.
1927:7 July 2011 at the
1353:True, F.W. (1889).
741:bottlenose dolphins
539:L. o. superciliosus
309:Southern Hemisphere
65:Conservation status
4960:Delphinus obscurus
4263:La Plata dolphin (
3963:Harbour porpoise (
3932:N. asiaeorientalis
3789:Burrunan dolphin (
3357:Fraser's dolphin (
3220:Hector's dolphin (
2701:Cetacean Societies
2393:Cetacean Societies
1777:on 9 December 2022
1150:Marine life portal
1098:Marlborough Sounds
1086:
1054:
1004:
972:
831:
728:
713:
707:Dusky dolphins at
667:and Oamaru on the
609:
568:
455:Delphinus fitzroyi
405:Delphinus obscurus
389:
341:southern Australia
5012:
5011:
4891:Open Tree of Life
4639:Taxon identifiers
4630:
4629:
4626:
4625:
4622:
4621:
4618:
4617:
4416:
4351:
4290:
4275:
4274:
4238:
4237:
4192:
4191:
4155:
4154:
4100:
4099:
4054:
4053:
4017:
4016:
4005:Dall's porpoise (
3914:
3895:
3880:
3879:
3819:
3818:
3773:
3724:Spinner dolphin (
3706:Striped dolphin (
3697:Clymene dolphin (
3630:
3451:
3399:Peale's dolphin (
3333:Risso's dolphin (
3293:
3202:Chilean dolphin (
3175:
3154:
3139:
3138:
3135:
3134:
3131:
3130:
3094:
3093:
2944:
2929:
2928:
2892:
2836:
2529:on 3 October 2011
2177:10.1121/1.1690082
1897:on 3 October 2011
1585:10.1111/mms.12573
1451:Molecular Ecology
1158:List of cetaceans
977:sperm competition
589:hourglass dolphin
576:sexual dimorphism
471:Frederick W. True
397:Cape of Good Hope
357:aerial behaviours
291:
290:
105:
88:
27:Species of mammal
16:(Redirected from
5102:
5035:Mammals of Chile
5005:
5004:
4992:
4991:
4979:
4978:
4977:
4951:
4950:
4938:
4937:
4925:
4924:
4912:
4911:
4899:
4898:
4886:
4885:
4873:
4872:
4860:
4859:
4850:
4849:
4837:
4836:
4834:NHMSYS0000376820
4824:
4823:
4811:
4810:
4798:
4797:
4785:
4784:
4772:
4771:
4759:
4758:
4746:
4745:
4733:
4732:
4720:
4719:
4707:
4706:
4694:
4693:
4681:
4680:
4679:
4666:
4665:
4664:
4634:
4415:
4414:
4410:
4350:
4349:
4345:
4294:
4289:
4288:
4284:
4249:
4203:
4166:
4127:I. araguaiaensis
4111:
4065:
4044:P. macrocephalus
4028:
3913:
3912:
3908:
3899:
3894:
3893:
3889:
3830:
3772:
3771:
3767:
3629:
3628:
3624:
3605:Guiana dolphin (
3450:
3449:
3445:
3302:G. macrorhynchus
3292:
3291:
3287:
3244:Common dolphin (
3179:
3174:
3173:
3169:
3162:
3153:(Toothed whales)
3152:
3145:
3105:
3082:Humpback whale (
2964:B. acutorostrata
2948:
2943:
2942:
2938:
2891:
2890:
2886:
2853:
2844:
2834:
2827:
2760:
2753:
2746:
2737:
2634:
2618:
2603:
2602:
2582:
2569:
2568:
2548:
2539:
2538:
2536:
2534:
2525:. Archived from
2519:
2513:
2499:
2493:
2492:
2490:
2488:
2483:
2449:
2443:
2428:
2403:
2389:
2383:
2368:
2345:
2344:
2342:
2340:
2334:
2319:
2310:
2304:
2301:
2286:
2285:
2267:
2261:
2258:
2249:
2248:
2246:
2244:
2238:
2215:
2207:"Dusky dolphin (
2202:
2189:
2188:
2156:
2145:
2127:
2118:
2104:
2095:
2094:
2082:
2076:
2075:
2074:on 4 April 2012.
2051:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2040:
2034:
2022:Fishery Bulletin
2019:
2010:
1987:
1986:
1968:
1959:
1958:
1938:
1932:
1918:
1907:
1906:
1904:
1902:
1870:
1864:
1854:
1848:
1847:
1829:
1820:
1817:
1811:
1810:
1798:
1787:
1786:
1784:
1782:
1776:
1761:
1744:
1738:
1737:
1717:
1711:
1710:
1708:
1706:
1687:
1681:
1680:
1678:
1676:
1657:
1651:
1650:
1648:
1646:
1623:
1617:
1616:
1614:
1612:
1564:
1555:
1554:
1526:
1520:
1519:
1499:
1493:
1492:
1474:
1441:
1432:
1420:" pp. 335–37 of
1414:
1393:
1392:
1390:
1388:
1378:
1350:
1344:
1343:
1333:
1327:
1326:
1324:
1322:
1290:
1284:
1283:
1263:
1254:
1253:
1251:
1249:
1230:
1224:
1223:
1221:
1219:
1214:
1184:
1152:
1147:
1146:
1145:
1138:
1133:
1132:
1124:
1122:Cetaceans portal
1119:
1118:
1117:
1007:Aerial behaviour
952:Valdes Peninsula
745:Risso's dolphins
685:Tristan da Cunha
646:Tierra del Fuego
634:Peninsula Valdes
630:Falkland Islands
487:phylogenetically
393:John Edward Gray
313:specific epithet
287:
285:
277:
233:
213:L. obscurus
120:
119:
99:
82:
77:
76:
53:
44:
32:
21:
5110:
5109:
5105:
5104:
5103:
5101:
5100:
5099:
5045:Mammals of Peru
5015:
5014:
5013:
5008:
5000:
4995:
4987:
4982:
4973:
4972:
4967:
4954:
4946:
4941:
4933:
4928:
4920:
4915:
4907:
4902:
4894:
4889:
4881:
4876:
4868:
4865:Observation.org
4863:
4855:
4853:
4845:
4840:
4832:
4827:
4819:
4814:
4806:
4801:
4793:
4788:
4780:
4775:
4767:
4762:
4754:
4749:
4741:
4736:
4728:
4723:
4715:
4710:
4702:
4697:
4689:
4684:
4675:
4674:
4669:
4660:
4659:
4654:
4641:
4631:
4614:
4590:
4566:
4452:M. densirostris
4412:
4411:
4409:
4399:
4375:
4347:
4346:
4344:
4334:
4287:(Beaked whales)
4286:
4285:
4283:
4271:
4234:
4188:
4151:
4096:
4050:
4013:
3989:
3938:
3923:N. phocaenoides
3910:
3909:
3907:
3891:
3890:
3888:
3876:
3852:
3815:
3769:
3768:
3766:
3756:
3732:
3726:S. longirostris
3708:S. coeruleoalba
3672:
3626:
3625:
3623:
3613:
3580:
3556:
3532:
3508:
3493:O. brevirostris
3475:
3447:
3446:
3444:
3434:
3426:Dusky dolphin (
3365:
3341:
3317:
3289:
3288:
3286:
3276:
3252:
3228:
3184:Cephalorhynchus
3171:
3170:
3168:
3156:
3127:
3090:
3084:M. novaeangliae
3066:
3042:
3016:Omura's whale (
2989:Bryde's whale (
2940:
2939:
2937:
2935:Balaenopteridae
2925:
2888:
2887:
2885:
2875:
2867:Bowhead whale (
2838:
2835:(Baleen whales)
2821:
2771:
2764:
2718:
2643:
2638:
2637:
2619:
2606:
2601:on 8 July 2011.
2584:
2583:
2572:
2565:10.1002/aqc.602
2550:
2549:
2542:
2532:
2530:
2521:
2520:
2516:
2510:Wayback Machine
2500:
2496:
2486:
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2450:
2446:
2429:
2406:
2390:
2386:
2369:
2348:
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2307:
2302:
2289:
2282:
2269:
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2264:
2259:
2252:
2242:
2240:
2236:
2213:
2204:
2203:
2192:
2158:
2157:
2148:
2128:
2121:
2115:Wayback Machine
2105:
2098:
2084:
2083:
2079:
2053:
2052:
2048:
2038:
2036:
2032:
2017:
2012:
2011:
1990:
1983:
1970:
1969:
1962:
1940:
1939:
1935:
1929:Wayback Machine
1919:
1910:
1900:
1898:
1872:
1871:
1867:
1855:
1851:
1844:
1831:
1830:
1823:
1818:
1814:
1800:
1799:
1790:
1780:
1778:
1774:
1764:Aquatic Mammals
1759:
1746:
1745:
1741:
1719:
1718:
1714:
1704:
1702:
1689:
1688:
1684:
1674:
1672:
1659:
1658:
1654:
1644:
1642:
1625:
1624:
1620:
1610:
1608:
1579:(3): 957–1057.
1566:
1565:
1558:
1528:
1527:
1523:
1501:
1500:
1496:
1443:
1442:
1435:
1415:
1396:
1386:
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1352:
1351:
1347:
1335:
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1330:
1320:
1318:
1292:
1291:
1287:
1280:
1265:
1264:
1257:
1247:
1245:
1232:
1231:
1227:
1217:
1215:
1186:
1185:
1176:
1171:
1148:
1143:
1141:
1134:
1127:
1120:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1075:
1059:
1023:
1018:
1009:
944:
938:
823:
802:common dolphins
789:
773:common dolphins
719:Dusky dolphins
701:
677:Kangaroo Island
601:
593:Peale's dolphin
560:
535:L. o. posidonia
514:Peale's dolphin
505:Cephalorhynchus
485:are considered
479:
439:D. supercilious
369:
331:, southwestern
323:related to the
283:
282:
265:L. o. posidonia
242:
235:
229:
216:
114:
106:
89:
78:
74:
67:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5108:
5106:
5098:
5097:
5092:
5090:Lagenorhynchus
5087:
5082:
5077:
5072:
5067:
5062:
5057:
5052:
5047:
5042:
5037:
5032:
5027:
5017:
5016:
5010:
5009:
5007:
5006:
4993:
4980:
4964:
4962:
4956:
4955:
4953:
4952:
4939:
4926:
4913:
4900:
4887:
4874:
4861:
4851:
4838:
4825:
4812:
4799:
4786:
4773:
4760:
4747:
4734:
4721:
4708:
4695:
4682:
4667:
4651:
4649:
4643:
4642:
4637:
4628:
4627:
4624:
4623:
4620:
4619:
4616:
4615:
4613:
4612:
4608:Z. cavirostris
4602:
4600:
4592:
4591:
4589:
4588:
4578:
4576:
4568:
4567:
4565:
4564:
4555:
4546:
4537:
4528:
4519:
4510:
4501:
4492:
4483:
4474:
4465:
4456:
4447:
4438:
4429:
4419:
4417:
4401:
4400:
4398:
4397:
4387:
4385:
4377:
4376:
4374:
4373:
4364:
4354:
4352:
4336:
4335:
4333:
4332:
4323:
4314:
4304:
4302:
4291:
4277:
4276:
4273:
4272:
4270:
4269:
4265:P. blainvillei
4259:
4257:
4246:
4240:
4239:
4236:
4235:
4233:
4232:
4223:
4213:
4211:
4200:
4194:
4193:
4190:
4189:
4187:
4186:
4176:
4174:
4163:
4157:
4156:
4153:
4152:
4150:
4149:
4145:I. geoffrensis
4140:
4136:I. boliviensis
4131:
4121:
4119:
4108:
4102:
4101:
4098:
4097:
4095:
4094:
4085:
4075:
4073:
4062:
4056:
4055:
4052:
4051:
4049:
4048:
4038:
4036:
4025:
4019:
4018:
4015:
4014:
4012:
4011:
4001:
3999:
3991:
3990:
3988:
3987:
3983:P. spinipinnis
3978:
3969:
3960:
3950:
3948:
3940:
3939:
3937:
3936:
3927:
3917:
3915:
3896:
3882:
3881:
3878:
3877:
3875:
3874:
3864:
3862:
3854:
3853:
3851:
3850:
3844:Beluga whale (
3840:
3838:
3835:Delphinapterus
3827:
3821:
3820:
3817:
3816:
3814:
3813:
3804:
3795:
3786:
3776:
3774:
3758:
3757:
3755:
3754:
3750:S. bredanensis
3744:
3742:
3734:
3733:
3731:
3730:
3721:
3712:
3703:
3694:
3684:
3682:
3674:
3673:
3671:
3670:
3661:
3652:
3643:
3633:
3631:
3615:
3614:
3612:
3611:
3602:
3598:S. fluviatilis
3592:
3590:
3582:
3581:
3579:
3578:
3568:
3566:
3558:
3557:
3555:
3554:
3544:
3542:
3534:
3533:
3531:
3530:
3520:
3518:
3510:
3509:
3507:
3506:
3497:
3487:
3485:
3477:
3476:
3474:
3473:
3464:
3454:
3452:
3436:
3435:
3433:
3432:
3423:
3419:L. obliquidens
3414:
3405:
3396:
3387:
3383:L. albirostris
3377:
3375:
3372:Lagenorhynchus
3367:
3366:
3364:
3363:
3353:
3351:
3343:
3342:
3340:
3339:
3329:
3327:
3319:
3318:
3316:
3315:
3306:
3296:
3294:
3290:(Pilot whales)
3278:
3277:
3275:
3274:
3264:
3262:
3254:
3253:
3251:
3250:
3240:
3238:
3230:
3229:
3227:
3226:
3217:
3208:
3199:
3195:C. commersonii
3189:
3187:
3176:
3158:
3157:
3148:
3141:
3140:
3137:
3136:
3133:
3132:
3129:
3128:
3126:
3125:
3115:
3113:
3102:
3096:
3095:
3092:
3091:
3089:
3088:
3078:
3076:
3068:
3067:
3065:
3064:
3054:
3052:
3044:
3043:
3041:
3040:
3034:Rice's whale (
3031:
3022:
3013:
3004:
2995:
2986:
2977:
2973:B. bonaerensis
2968:
2958:
2956:
2945:
2931:
2930:
2927:
2926:
2924:
2923:
2914:
2905:
2895:
2893:
2889:(Right whales)
2877:
2876:
2874:
2873:
2863:
2861:
2850:
2840:
2839:
2830:
2823:
2822:
2820:
2819:
2813:
2807:
2805:Laurasiatheria
2801:
2795:
2789:
2783:
2776:
2773:
2772:
2765:
2763:
2762:
2755:
2748:
2740:
2734:
2733:
2728:
2721:ARKive –
2717:
2716:External links
2714:
2713:
2712:
2698:
2684:
2671:
2657:
2642:
2639:
2636:
2635:
2604:
2570:
2540:
2514:
2494:
2444:
2404:
2384:
2346:
2305:
2287:
2280:
2262:
2250:
2190:
2146:
2119:
2106:SE Yin (1999)
2096:
2077:
2046:
1988:
1981:
1960:
1933:
1908:
1865:
1849:
1842:
1821:
1812:
1788:
1739:
1712:
1682:
1652:
1618:
1556:
1521:
1494:
1433:
1394:
1345:
1328:
1285:
1278:
1255:
1225:
1173:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1166:
1165:
1160:
1154:
1153:
1139:
1136:Mammals portal
1125:
1109:
1106:
1074:
1071:
1063:mussel farming
1061:The effect of
1058:
1057:Mussel farming
1055:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1008:
1005:
937:
934:
888:take advantage
855:horse mackerel
829:Dusky dolphins
822:
819:
793:toothed whales
788:
785:
700:
697:
693:ĂŽle Saint-Paul
642:Beagle Channel
600:
597:
585:common dolphin
559:
556:
531:L. o. fitzroyi
496:Lagenorhynchus
478:
475:
451:Charles Darwin
401:British Museum
368:
365:
289:
288:
279:
278:
270:
269:
268:
267:
262:
260:L. o. obscurus
257:
255:L. o. fitzroyi
249:
248:
244:
243:
236:
225:
224:
218:
217:
210:
208:
204:
203:
200:Lagenorhynchus
196:
192:
191:
186:
182:
181:
176:
172:
171:
166:
162:
161:
156:
152:
151:
146:
142:
141:
136:
132:
131:
126:
122:
121:
108:
107:
94:
91:
90:
72:
69:
68:
63:
60:
59:
55:
54:
46:
45:
37:
36:
35:Dusky dolphin
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5107:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5083:
5081:
5078:
5076:
5073:
5071:
5068:
5066:
5065:ĂŽle Amsterdam
5063:
5061:
5058:
5056:
5053:
5051:
5048:
5046:
5043:
5041:
5038:
5036:
5033:
5031:
5028:
5026:
5023:
5022:
5020:
5003:
4998:
4994:
4990:
4985:
4981:
4976:
4970:
4966:
4965:
4963:
4961:
4957:
4949:
4944:
4940:
4936:
4931:
4927:
4923:
4918:
4914:
4910:
4905:
4901:
4897:
4892:
4888:
4884:
4879:
4875:
4871:
4866:
4862:
4858:
4852:
4848:
4843:
4839:
4835:
4830:
4826:
4822:
4817:
4813:
4809:
4804:
4800:
4796:
4791:
4787:
4783:
4778:
4774:
4770:
4765:
4761:
4757:
4752:
4748:
4744:
4739:
4735:
4731:
4726:
4722:
4718:
4713:
4709:
4705:
4700:
4696:
4692:
4687:
4683:
4678:
4672:
4668:
4663:
4657:
4653:
4652:
4650:
4648:
4644:
4640:
4635:
4611:
4609:
4604:
4603:
4601:
4599:
4598:
4593:
4587:
4585:
4580:
4579:
4577:
4575:
4574:
4569:
4563:
4561:
4556:
4554:
4552:
4551:M. stejnegeri
4547:
4545:
4543:
4542:M. peruvianus
4538:
4536:
4534:
4529:
4527:
4525:
4520:
4518:
4516:
4511:
4509:
4507:
4502:
4500:
4498:
4493:
4491:
4489:
4484:
4482:
4480:
4479:M. ginkgodens
4475:
4473:
4471:
4466:
4464:
4462:
4457:
4455:
4453:
4448:
4446:
4444:
4443:M. carlhubbsi
4439:
4437:
4435:
4430:
4428:
4426:
4421:
4420:
4418:
4408:
4407:
4402:
4396:
4394:
4389:
4388:
4386:
4384:
4383:
4378:
4372:
4370:
4369:H. planifrons
4365:
4363:
4361:
4360:H. ampullatus
4356:
4355:
4353:
4343:
4342:
4337:
4331:
4329:
4324:
4322:
4320:
4315:
4313:
4311:
4306:
4305:
4303:
4301:
4300:
4295:
4292:
4282:
4278:
4268:
4266:
4261:
4260:
4258:
4256:
4255:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4244:Pontoporiidae
4241:
4231:
4229:
4224:
4222:
4220:
4215:
4214:
4212:
4210:
4209:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4198:Platanistidae
4195:
4185:
4183:
4182:L. vexillifer
4178:
4177:
4175:
4173:
4172:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4158:
4148:
4146:
4141:
4139:
4137:
4132:
4130:
4128:
4123:
4122:
4120:
4118:
4117:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4103:
4093:
4091:
4086:
4084:
4082:
4077:
4076:
4074:
4072:
4071:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4057:
4047:
4045:
4042:Sperm whale (
4040:
4039:
4037:
4035:
4034:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4020:
4010:
4008:
4003:
4002:
4000:
3998:
3997:
3992:
3986:
3984:
3979:
3977:
3975:
3970:
3968:
3966:
3961:
3959:
3957:
3952:
3951:
3949:
3947:
3946:
3941:
3935:
3933:
3928:
3926:
3924:
3919:
3918:
3916:
3906:
3905:
3900:
3897:
3887:
3883:
3873:
3871:
3866:
3865:
3863:
3861:
3860:
3855:
3849:
3847:
3842:
3841:
3839:
3837:
3836:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3822:
3812:
3810:
3805:
3803:
3801:
3796:
3794:
3792:
3787:
3785:
3783:
3778:
3777:
3775:
3765:
3764:
3759:
3753:
3751:
3746:
3745:
3743:
3741:
3740:
3735:
3729:
3727:
3722:
3720:
3718:
3713:
3711:
3709:
3704:
3702:
3700:
3695:
3693:
3691:
3686:
3685:
3683:
3681:
3680:
3675:
3669:
3667:
3662:
3660:
3658:
3657:S. sahulensis
3653:
3651:
3649:
3644:
3642:
3640:
3635:
3634:
3632:
3622:
3621:
3616:
3610:
3608:
3607:S. guianensis
3603:
3601:
3599:
3594:
3593:
3591:
3589:
3588:
3583:
3577:
3575:
3574:P. crassidens
3570:
3569:
3567:
3565:
3564:
3559:
3553:
3551:
3546:
3545:
3543:
3541:
3540:
3539:Peponocephala
3535:
3529:
3527:
3522:
3521:
3519:
3517:
3516:
3511:
3505:
3503:
3498:
3496:
3494:
3489:
3488:
3486:
3484:
3483:
3478:
3472:
3470:
3465:
3463:
3461:
3456:
3455:
3453:
3443:
3442:
3437:
3431:
3429:
3424:
3422:
3420:
3415:
3413:
3411:
3406:
3404:
3402:
3397:
3395:
3393:
3388:
3386:
3384:
3379:
3378:
3376:
3374:
3373:
3368:
3362:
3360:
3355:
3354:
3352:
3350:
3349:
3348:Lagenodelphis
3344:
3338:
3336:
3331:
3330:
3328:
3326:
3325:
3320:
3314:
3312:
3307:
3305:
3303:
3298:
3297:
3295:
3285:
3284:
3279:
3273:
3271:
3266:
3265:
3263:
3261:
3260:
3255:
3249:
3247:
3242:
3241:
3239:
3237:
3236:
3231:
3225:
3223:
3218:
3216:
3214:
3213:C. heavisidii
3209:
3207:
3205:
3200:
3198:
3196:
3191:
3190:
3188:
3186:
3185:
3180:
3177:
3167:
3163:
3159:
3155:
3146:
3142:
3124:
3122:
3117:
3116:
3114:
3112:
3111:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3100:Cetotheriidae
3097:
3087:
3085:
3080:
3079:
3077:
3075:
3074:
3069:
3063:
3061:
3056:
3055:
3053:
3051:
3050:
3045:
3039:
3037:
3032:
3030:
3028:
3023:
3021:
3019:
3014:
3012:
3010:
3005:
3003:
3001:
2996:
2994:
2992:
2987:
2985:
2983:
2978:
2976:
2974:
2969:
2967:
2965:
2960:
2959:
2957:
2955:
2954:
2949:
2946:
2936:
2932:
2922:
2920:
2915:
2913:
2911:
2906:
2904:
2902:
2897:
2896:
2894:
2884:
2883:
2878:
2872:
2870:
2869:B. mysticetus
2865:
2864:
2862:
2860:
2859:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2845:
2841:
2837:
2828:
2824:
2818:
2814:
2812:
2808:
2806:
2802:
2800:
2796:
2794:
2790:
2788:
2784:
2782:
2778:
2777:
2774:
2769:
2761:
2756:
2754:
2749:
2747:
2742:
2741:
2738:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2726:
2720:
2719:
2715:
2710:
2709:0-226-50341-0
2706:
2702:
2699:
2696:
2695:0-306-43695-7
2692:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2682:0-520-03283-7
2679:
2675:
2672:
2669:
2668:0-12-373723-0
2665:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2655:0-12-373553-X
2652:
2648:
2645:
2644:
2640:
2632:
2631:0-12-373723-0
2628:
2624:
2617:
2615:
2613:
2611:
2609:
2605:
2600:
2596:
2592:
2588:
2581:
2579:
2577:
2575:
2571:
2566:
2562:
2559:(2): 133–49.
2558:
2554:
2547:
2545:
2541:
2528:
2524:
2518:
2515:
2511:
2507:
2504:
2498:
2495:
2482:
2477:
2473:
2469:
2468:
2463:
2461:
2457:
2448:
2445:
2441:
2440:0-12-373723-0
2437:
2433:
2427:
2425:
2423:
2421:
2419:
2417:
2415:
2413:
2411:
2409:
2405:
2402:
2401:0-226-50341-0
2398:
2394:
2388:
2385:
2381:
2380:0-12-373723-0
2377:
2373:
2367:
2365:
2363:
2361:
2359:
2357:
2355:
2353:
2351:
2347:
2331:
2327:
2323:
2316:
2309:
2306:
2300:
2298:
2296:
2294:
2292:
2288:
2283:
2281:0-306-43695-7
2277:
2273:
2266:
2263:
2257:
2255:
2251:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2224:(2): 215–31.
2223:
2219:
2212:
2210:
2201:
2199:
2197:
2195:
2191:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2166:
2162:
2155:
2153:
2151:
2147:
2144:
2143:0-12-373723-0
2140:
2136:
2132:
2126:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2109:
2103:
2101:
2097:
2092:
2088:
2081:
2078:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2061:
2059:
2050:
2047:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2016:
2009:
2007:
2005:
2003:
2001:
1999:
1997:
1995:
1993:
1989:
1984:
1982:0-375-41141-0
1978:
1974:
1967:
1965:
1961:
1956:
1952:
1949:(2): 452–59.
1948:
1944:
1937:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1923:
1917:
1915:
1913:
1909:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1882:
1878:
1869:
1866:
1863:
1862:0-520-03283-7
1859:
1853:
1850:
1845:
1843:0-19-550870-X
1839:
1835:
1828:
1826:
1822:
1816:
1813:
1808:
1804:
1797:
1795:
1793:
1789:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1758:
1756:
1752:
1743:
1740:
1735:
1731:
1728:(2): 301–07.
1727:
1723:
1716:
1713:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1686:
1683:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1656:
1653:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1632:(Gray, 1828)"
1631:
1622:
1619:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1563:
1561:
1557:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1537:(2): 344–54.
1536:
1532:
1525:
1522:
1517:
1513:
1510:(3): 619–48.
1509:
1505:
1498:
1495:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1457:(1): 107–21.
1456:
1452:
1448:
1440:
1438:
1434:
1431:
1430:0-12-373553-X
1427:
1423:
1419:
1413:
1411:
1409:
1407:
1405:
1403:
1401:
1399:
1395:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1361:(36): 1–191.
1360:
1356:
1349:
1346:
1341:
1340:
1332:
1329:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1289:
1286:
1281:
1279:0-12-588506-7
1275:
1271:
1270:
1262:
1260:
1256:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1229:
1226:
1213:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1199:
1194:
1192:
1183:
1181:
1179:
1175:
1168:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1155:
1151:
1140:
1137:
1131:
1126:
1123:
1112:
1107:
1105:
1101:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1084:
1079:
1072:
1070:
1068:
1064:
1056:
1050:
1046:
1044:
1039:
1037:
1032:
1031:IUCN Red List
1028:
1027:Least Concern
1020:
1015:
1013:
1006:
1000:
996:
994:
988:
986:
982:
978:
968:
964:
961:
957:
953:
949:
943:
935:
933:
931:
927:
923:
919:
918:
913:
909:
905:
901:
897:
893:
892:killer whales
889:
885:
881:
877:
871:
868:
864:
860:
856:
852:
848:
844:
840:
836:
827:
820:
818:
816:
812:
807:
803:
798:
794:
786:
784:
782:
778:
774:
770:
766:
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
726:
722:
717:
711:, New Zealand
710:
705:
698:
696:
694:
690:
689:ĂŽle Amsterdam
686:
682:
678:
674:
670:
666:
662:
658:
657:Cape Palliser
654:
649:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
614:
605:
598:
596:
594:
590:
586:
581:
577:
572:
564:
557:
555:
553:
549:
545:
540:
536:
532:
528:
523:
521:
520:
515:
511:
507:
506:
501:
497:
493:
488:
484:
476:
474:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
423:
421:
417:
413:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
386:
382:
378:
373:
366:
364:
362:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
329:South America
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
301:
296:
295:dusky dolphin
280:
276:
271:
266:
263:
261:
258:
256:
253:
252:
250:
245:
240:
234:
232:
226:
223:
222:Binomial name
219:
215:
214:
209:
206:
205:
202:
201:
197:
194:
193:
190:
187:
184:
183:
180:
177:
174:
173:
170:
167:
164:
163:
160:
157:
154:
153:
150:
147:
144:
143:
140:
137:
134:
133:
130:
127:
124:
123:
118:
113:
109:
103:
97:
92:
86:
81:
80:Least Concern
70:
66:
61:
56:
52:
47:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
4959:
4646:
4607:
4595:
4584:T. shepherdi
4583:
4571:
4560:M. traversii
4559:
4550:
4541:
4532:
4523:
4514:
4505:
4496:
4487:
4478:
4470:M. europaeus
4469:
4460:
4451:
4442:
4433:
4424:
4404:
4393:I. pacificus
4392:
4380:
4368:
4359:
4339:
4327:
4318:
4309:
4297:
4264:
4252:
4227:
4219:P. gangetica
4218:
4206:
4181:
4169:
4144:
4135:
4126:
4114:
4089:
4081:K. breviceps
4080:
4068:
4043:
4031:
4023:Physeteridae
4006:
3996:Phocoenoides
3994:
3982:
3973:
3964:
3956:P. dioptrica
3955:
3943:
3931:
3922:
3902:
3870:M. monoceros
3869:
3857:
3845:
3833:
3825:Monodontidae
3809:T. truncatus
3808:
3800:T. erebennus
3799:
3791:T. australis
3790:
3781:
3761:
3749:
3737:
3725:
3717:S. frontalis
3716:
3707:
3698:
3690:S. attenuata
3689:
3677:
3665:
3656:
3647:
3639:S. chinensis
3638:
3618:
3606:
3597:
3585:
3573:
3561:
3549:
3537:
3525:
3513:
3502:O. heinsohni
3501:
3492:
3480:
3468:
3459:
3441:Lissodelphis
3439:
3427:
3425:
3418:
3409:
3401:L. australis
3400:
3391:
3382:
3370:
3358:
3346:
3334:
3322:
3310:
3301:
3283:Globicephala
3281:
3270:F. attenuata
3269:
3257:
3245:
3233:
3221:
3212:
3203:
3194:
3182:
3121:C. marginata
3120:
3108:
3083:
3071:
3059:
3058:Gray whale (
3049:Eschrichtius
3047:
3035:
3026:
3017:
3008:
3007:Blue whale (
2999:
2990:
2981:
2972:
2963:
2953:Balaenoptera
2951:
2918:
2910:E. glacialis
2909:
2901:E. australis
2900:
2880:
2868:
2856:
2817:Whippomorpha
2811:Artiodactyla
2724:
2700:
2686:
2673:
2659:
2646:
2622:
2599:the original
2594:
2590:
2556:
2552:
2531:. Retrieved
2527:the original
2517:
2497:
2485:. Retrieved
2471:
2465:
2459:
2455:
2447:
2431:
2392:
2387:
2371:
2337:. Retrieved
2330:the original
2325:
2321:
2308:
2271:
2265:
2241:. Retrieved
2221:
2217:
2208:
2168:
2164:
2160:
2134:
2130:
2090:
2086:
2080:
2072:the original
2067:
2063:
2057:
2049:
2037:. Retrieved
2025:
2021:
1972:
1946:
1942:
1936:
1899:. Retrieved
1895:the original
1890:
1886:
1880:
1876:
1868:
1852:
1833:
1815:
1806:
1802:
1779:. Retrieved
1772:the original
1767:
1763:
1754:
1750:
1742:
1725:
1721:
1715:
1703:. Retrieved
1685:
1673:. Retrieved
1655:
1643:. Retrieved
1635:
1629:
1621:
1609:. Retrieved
1576:
1572:
1534:
1530:
1524:
1507:
1503:
1497:
1472:11336/105921
1454:
1450:
1446:
1421:
1417:
1387:22 September
1385:. Retrieved
1358:
1348:
1338:
1331:
1319:. Retrieved
1302:
1298:
1288:
1268:
1246:. Retrieved
1237:
1228:
1216:. Retrieved
1202:
1196:
1190:
1102:
1087:
1083:South Island
1060:
1040:
1024:
1010:
989:
973:
945:
929:
925:
921:
915:
911:
872:
839:lantern fish
832:
806:echolocation
790:
781:pilot whales
729:
669:South Island
661:North Island
650:
638:Mar de Plata
610:
573:
569:
538:
534:
530:
526:
524:
517:
503:
500:sister group
495:
492:cytochrome b
480:
466:
458:
454:
446:
441:as a junior
438:
426:
424:
415:
414:in his 1828
411:
404:
390:
384:
380:
376:
299:
298:
294:
292:
264:
259:
254:
230:
228:
212:
211:
199:
175:Infraorder:
169:Artiodactyla
29:
4917:SeaLifeBase
4764:iNaturalist
4671:Wikispecies
4515:M. layardii
4434:M. bowdoini
4382:Indopacetus
3965:P. phocoena
3904:Neophocoena
3892:(Porpoises)
3886:Phocoenidae
3460:L. borealis
3428:L. obscurus
3410:L. cruciger
3204:C. eutropia
3166:Delphinidae
3151:Odontoceti
3060:E. robustus
3027:B. physalus
3025:Fin whale (
3009:B. musculus
2982:B. borealis
2980:Sei whale (
2919:E. japonica
2803:Superorder
2797:Infraclass
2503:Appendix II
1881:L. obscurus
960:promiscuous
898:by certain
769:albatrosses
761:shearwaters
681:Bass Strait
613:circumpolar
558:Description
447:D. obscurus
407:, with the
383:section in
337:New Zealand
321:genetically
247:Subspecies
189:Delphinidae
98:Appendix II
5019:Categories
4975:Q125572495
4573:Tasmacetus
4533:M. perrini
4506:M. hotaula
4497:M. hectori
4406:Mesoplodon
4341:Hyperoodon
4328:B. minimus
4319:B. bairdii
4310:B. arnuxii
4254:Pontoporia
4208:Platanista
3782:T. aduncus
3699:S. clymene
3666:S. teuszii
3648:S. plumbea
3550:P. electra
3469:L. peronii
3335:G. griseus
3246:D. delphis
3222:C. hectori
3149:Parvorder
2941:(Rorquals)
2848:Balaenidae
2833:Mysticeti
2831:Parvorder
2339:3 February
2322:Aquat Mamm
2243:3 February
2039:3 February
2028:: 871–90.
1901:3 February
1781:3 February
1248:14 January
1169:References
1036:Vulnerable
940:See also:
896:parasitism
809:9–12
753:cormorants
749:kelp gulls
624:to around
580:dorsal fin
574:Almost no
239:J. E. Gray
4425:M. bidens
4299:Berardius
4281:Ziphiidae
4161:Lipotidae
3972:Vaquita (
3868:Narwhal (
3846:D. leucas
3563:Pseudorca
3392:L. acutus
3235:Delphinus
3073:Megaptera
3018:B. omurai
2991:B. brydei
2882:Eubalaena
2815:Suborder
2533:31 August
2460:posidonia
1593:1748-7692
1238:cites.org
912:Nasitrema
908:trematode
884:pinnipeds
843:pilchards
835:anchovies
673:False Bay
653:East Cape
622:Patagonia
618:Cape Horn
544:gene flow
519:Sagmatias
510:hourglass
473:in 1889.
422:in 1827.
381:Mammalogy
361:gill nets
207:Species:
135:Kingdom:
129:Eukaryota
4969:Wikidata
4930:Species+
4821:14300065
4782:10583821
4656:Wikidata
4597:Ziphius
4524:M. mirus
4488:M. grayi
4228:P. minor
4090:K. simus
4060:Kogiidae
4033:Physeter
4007:P. dalli
3974:P. sinus
3945:Phocoena
3763:Tursiops
3679:Stenella
3596:Tucuxi (
3482:Orcaella
3359:L. hosei
3311:G. melas
3036:B. ricei
3000:B. edeni
2799:Eutheria
2793:Mammalia
2787:Chordata
2781:Animalia
2779:Kingdom
2506:Archived
2234:Archived
2185:15139642
2111:Archived
2087:Cetology
2030:Archived
1925:Archived
1699:Archived
1669:Archived
1645:12 March
1605:Archived
1601:92421374
1551:16325433
1489:21935077
1481:15643955
1381:Archived
1315:Archived
1242:Archived
1108:See also
956:KaikĹŤura
917:Anisakis
900:nematode
876:seabirds
847:sculpins
804:. Their
725:KaikĹŤura
709:KaikĹŤura
648:region.
477:Genetics
435:Tasmania
409:subgenus
367:Taxonomy
345:Tasmania
185:Family:
159:Mammalia
149:Chordata
145:Phylum:
139:Animalia
125:Domain:
85:IUCN 3.1
4989:2440630
4756:5220077
4662:Q300994
4461:M. eueu
4180:Baiji (
4171:Lipotes
4106:Iniidae
3859:Monodon
3587:Sotalia
3526:O. orca
3515:Orcinus
3324:Grampus
3110:Caperea
2858:Balaena
2785:Phylum
2770:species
2768:Cetacea
2766:Extant
2641:General
2487:17 June
1705:14 July
1675:14 July
1611:13 July
1321:25 June
1218:17 June
1073:Tourism
1029:by the
904:cestode
863:red cod
765:petrels
721:leaping
659:on the
445:of his
443:synonym
412:Grampus
399:to the
377:Plate 5
305:dolphin
303:) is a
241:, 1828)
195:Genus:
179:Cetacea
165:Order:
155:Class:
100: (
83: (
5002:440647
4948:231434
4896:548145
4883:231434
4854:NZOR:
4795:180445
4712:ARKive
3259:Feresa
2809:Order
2791:Class
2707:
2693:
2680:
2666:
2653:
2629:
2438:
2399:
2378:
2278:
2183:
2141:
2093:: 1–7.
1979:
1860:
1840:
1599:
1591:
1549:
1487:
1479:
1428:
1276:
1021:Status
928:, and
920:, and
906:, and
882:, and
880:sharks
767:, and
691:, and
665:Timaru
550:and a
512:, and
387:(1858)
333:Africa
311:. Its
284:
4943:WoRMS
4935:10842
4922:69386
4909:82067
4870:80592
4847:27611
4808:11146
4777:IRMNG
4769:41506
4730:3RWSJ
4070:Kogia
3739:Steno
3620:Sousa
2458:ssp.
2333:(PDF)
2318:(PDF)
2237:(PDF)
2214:(PDF)
2033:(PDF)
2018:(PDF)
1775:(PDF)
1760:(PDF)
1597:S2CID
1485:S2CID
851:hakes
757:terns
353:squid
317:Latin
102:CITES
96:CITES
4984:GBIF
4878:OBIS
4842:NCBI
4803:IUCN
4790:ITIS
4751:GBIF
4116:Inia
2705:ISBN
2691:ISBN
2678:ISBN
2664:ISBN
2651:ISBN
2627:ISBN
2535:2011
2489:2024
2472:2019
2436:ISBN
2397:ISBN
2376:ISBN
2341:2011
2276:ISBN
2245:2011
2181:PMID
2139:ISBN
2041:2011
1977:ISBN
1903:2011
1858:ISBN
1838:ISBN
1783:2011
1707:2021
1677:2021
1647:2014
1613:2021
1589:ISSN
1547:PMID
1477:PMID
1449:)".
1426:ISBN
1389:2019
1323:2019
1274:ISBN
1250:2022
1220:2024
1203:2019
914:and
861:and
859:hoki
779:and
735:and
723:off
655:and
626:36°S
351:and
349:fish
343:and
293:The
4829:NBN
4816:MSW
4738:CMS
4725:CoL
4699:AFD
4686:ADW
2561:doi
2476:doi
2226:doi
2173:doi
2169:115
1951:doi
1730:doi
1581:doi
1539:doi
1512:doi
1467:hdl
1459:doi
1371:hdl
1363:doi
1307:doi
1207:doi
1043:CMS
663:to
636:to
591:or
379:of
315:is
5021::
4999::
4986::
4971::
4945::
4932::
4919::
4906::
4893::
4880::
4867::
4844::
4831::
4818::
4805::
4792::
4779::
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