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60:
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44:
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Romani men, women and children were imprisoned at Crveni Krst shortly after its creation. In
October 1941, 200–300 local and foreign Jews living in Niš were brought to the camp. More arrived later from towns in the Serbian interior. Laws passed by the Germans that September ensured that they would be
526:
There were four categories of prisoners. First categories were hostages. They served for retaliation execution. For one killed occupying soldier 100, and for one wounded 50 hostages were killed. Second category were Jews. Third category of prisoners were persons arrested on suspicion of belonging or
563:
in
February 1942. Victims included many Romani inmates who were shot and killed as hostages here, with as many as 100 being shot on one day. That month, a group of inmates made an organized attempt to escape the camp. Although fifteen prisoners managed to escape, forty-two failed to do so and were
335:
in 1944. More than 10,000 people are thought to have been killed at the camp. After the war, a memorial to the victims of the camp was erected on Mount Bubanj, where many inmates were shot. A memorial museum was opened on the former campgrounds in 1967 and in 1979 the campgrounds were declared a
464:, the Germans responded to the revolt by declaring that one-hundred Serbs would be executed for every German soldier killed and that fifty would be executed for every German soldier wounded. By October 1941, this policy had resulted in the deaths of 25,000 Serbs. The Germans also targeted
594:
After the war, a memorial to the victims of the camp was erected on Mount Bubanj. A memorial museum was opened on the former campgrounds in 1967. The set up was prepared by the curator historians Ivana Gruden
Miletinjević and Nebojša Ozimić. In 1979, the campgrounds were declared a
437:, to replace the short-lived Commissioner Administration. A pre-war politician who was known to have pro-Axis leanings, Nedić was selected because the Germans believed his fierce anti-Communism and military experience could be used to quell an
1224:
468:, who were subjected to forced labour, punitive taxing, and restrictive decrees. Jews were also registered with German authorities and forced to wear identifying armbands while Jewish property was confiscated. They, and to a lesser degree
2729:
2391:
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576:. The camp remained in operation over the following two years before being liberated by the Partisans in 1944. Of the more than 35,000 inmates held at the camp during the war, an estimated 10,000 were killed.
4024:
4177:
1240:
1210:
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531:. The fourth category of prisoners consisted of those arrested on charge of belonging or cooperating with the Yugoslav Army in the Homeland, under the command of War Minister, Colonel
1423:
1248:
1413:
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2283:
1370:
1202:
472:, were targeted on racial grounds, although most were not killed outright. Following the start of the anti-German uprising, German propaganda began associating Jews with
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90:
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409:. It was the only area of partitioned Yugoslavia in which the German occupants established a military government. This was done to exploit the key rail and
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487:(Gypsy). German soldiers then went through the Romani quarter and forcibly shaved the heads of all Romanis in Niš under the pretext that they had
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killed. A second mass execution involved the shooting of large numbers of Serb and remaining Jewish inmates whose corpses were dumped into
1845:
1403:
568:
that the
Germans had forced Romani prisoners to dig. That spring, the women and children detained at Crveni Krst were transferred to the
555:
detained separately from other inmates. The
Germans began executing adult male inmates in early November. In January, a group of Serbian
4121:
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in 1987. It was the only film revolving specifically around inmates in a concentration camp ever released in the country.
546:
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1952:
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to "carry on administrative chores under German direction and supervision". On 29 August 1941, the
Germans appointed the
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1972:
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in April 1941, they prohibited
Romanis from leaving their homes without an identifying yellow armband bearing the word
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1997:
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331:. Established in mid-1941, it was used to detain as many as 35,000 people during the war and was liberated by the
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2413:
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2027:
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985:
Milton, Sybil (1983). "The
Righteous Who Helped Jews". In Grobman, Alex; Landes, Daniel; Milton, Sybil (eds.).
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2109:
1987:
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2321:
1820:
1805:
1679:
1152:
Hehn, Paul N. (1971). "Serbia, Croatia and
Germany 1941–1945: Civil War and Revolution in the Balkans".
366:
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attacked the camp, freeing a small number of Jewish prisoners. The first mass executions occurred on
3230:
1937:
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4002:
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3435:
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2480:
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2104:
1962:
1922:
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1700:
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370:
305:
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1770:
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560:
43:
3474:
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2134:
1947:
1835:
1609:
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556:
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332:
196:
35:
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1992:
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1393:
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2268:
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2007:
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1445:
1408:
1311:
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1161:
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426:
328:
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cooperating with the communist
National Liberation Movement and their military units under
4126:
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3959:
3776:
3679:
3537:
3517:
3430:
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2422:
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3460:
3420:
3415:
3240:
3125:
3032:
2486:
1460:
1301:
1090:
910:
Bringing the Dark Past to Light: The Reception of the Holocaust in Postcommunist Europe
434:
4171:
3929:
3858:
3749:
3617:
3447:
3404:
3250:
3235:
2533:
2376:
1097:
1045:
988:
Genocide, Critical Issues of the Holocaust: A Companion Volume to the Film "Genocide"
469:
394:
324:
170:
4141:
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3130:
3092:
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309:
159:
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584:
377:
was captured by 12 April. The country was then occupied and dismembered, with the
1119:
1064:
1039:
1011:
986:
961:
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908:
4147:
3664:
3281:
3135:
2454:
1654:
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358:
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routes that passed through it, and due to its valuable resources, particularly
4136:
3971:
3744:
3522:
2465:
2404:
1351:
1326:
565:
515:
facility located near the campgrounds. Originally intended as a transit camp (
1480:
507:
The Crveni Krst (Red Cross) concentration camp was established by the German
105:
92:
3976:
3782:
2459:
2449:
1685:
1644:
1565:
1316:
1286:
512:
473:
378:
3637:
1855:
1490:
523:), by September of that year it was transformed into a concentration camp.
476:
and anti-German ideology. Executions and arrests of Serbian Jews followed.
3502:
3302:
2336:
2089:
1932:
1659:
1455:
1121:
War and Revolution in Yugoslavia, 1941–1945: Occupation and Collaboration
573:
374:
17:
1173:
2306:
1649:
1346:
1321:
1261:
508:
460:
Unable to bring reinforcements due to the need to send soldiers to the
312:
140:
907:
Byford, Jovan (2013). Himka, John-Paul; Michlic, Joanna Beata (eds.).
4012:
1450:
1235:
410:
398:
1013:
Balkan Genocides: Holocaust and Ethnic Cleansing in the 20th Century
480:
125:
1193:[Serbia Renovating the Concentration Camp at Crveni Krst].
3377:
583:
545:
537:
498:
447:
316:
162:
1066:
The Three Yugoslavias: State-Building and Legitimation, 1918–2005
2502:
1625:
Headquarters of the Main People's Liberation Committee of Serbia
869:
867:
865:
488:
465:
320:
166:
3894:
3715:
3346:
2836:
2506:
1206:
840:
838:
836:
572:
on the outskirts of Belgrade, where they were murdered using
938:
The Death Camps of Croatia: Visions and Revisions, 1941–1945
479:
When the Germans occupied the southeastern Serbian city of
809:
807:
782:
780:
778:
776:
774:
772:
735:
733:
220:
Niš concentration camp (Memorial complex "12 February")
66:
4178:
Cultural Monuments of Exceptional Importance (Serbia)
1241:
Immovable Cultural Heritage of Exceptional Importance
417:. The Military Commander in Serbia appointed Serbian
287:
48:
The facilities of the Crveni Krst concentration camp
4072:
3988:
3917:
3824:
3796:
3737:
3650:
3598:
3551:
3488:
3458:
3396:
3368:
3359:
3300:
3259:
3211:
3197:
3159:
3118:
3018:
2975:
2853:
2748:
2717:
2544:
2390:
2282:
1369:
1247:
242:
234:
224:
216:
207:
203:
192:
184:
176:
154:
146:
135:
121:
82:
29:
1089:
628:"Информациони систем непокретних културних добара"
873:
603:. A film detailing the events at the camp titled
3670:Civilians targeted during anti-partisan warfare
74:Location of Crveni Krst in contemporary Serbia
4030:Nazis and Nazi Collaborators (Punishment) Law
2518:
1218:
383:Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia
130:Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia
8:
844:
763:
3729:List of major perpetrators of the Holocaust
597:Cultural Monument of Exceptional Importance
338:Cultural Monument of Exceptional Importance
229:Cultural Monument of Exceptional Importance
3914:
3891:
3734:
3712:
3365:
3356:
3343:
3208:
2850:
2833:
2541:
2525:
2511:
2503:
1225:
1211:
1203:
724:
700:
688:
676:
664:
655:, official name of the occupied territory.
26:
712:
511:in Niš in mid-1941. It was named after a
433:, Влада Националног Спаса) under General
1191:"Srbija obnavlja logor na Crvenom krstu"
960:Kenrick, Donald; Puxon, Grattan (2009).
1092:A Short History of the Yugoslav Peoples
813:
751:
619:
4203:Nazi concentration camps in Yugoslavia
885:
856:
798:
786:
739:
1160:(4). University of Alberta: 344–373.
1088:Singleton, Frederick Bernard (1985).
970:: University of Hertfordshire Press.
640:
599:and came under the protection of the
340:and came under the protection of the
241:
233:
223:
215:
206:
7:
3317:Reich Association of Jews in Germany
2492:Military Technical Institute Complex
2120:Old St. Stephen's, Sremska Mitrovica
652:
264:(lit. Red Cross concentration camp;
4122:Armenian genocide and the Holocaust
2212:St. Theodor Tyron's, Donja Bitinja
2195:Holy Archangels, Gornje Nerodimlje
1943:Church of The Assumption, Novi Sad
25:
2392:Spatial Cultural-Historical Units
2130:Saint Nicholas', Sremski Karlovci
1973:Transfiguration Church, Budisavci
1197:(in Serbo-Croatian). 5 July 2012.
393:. The territory included most of
3685:Polish leaders and intellectuals
3175:Concentration Camps Inspectorate
1360:
1234:
423:Government of National Salvation
65:
58:
42:
2357:Site of the Battle of Slankamen
1968:Transfiguration Church, Pančevo
1811:Candlemas Church, Krušedol Selo
1620:Partisan printing house "Borba"
1531:Hajduk Veljko's Powder Magazine
4193:Serbia under German occupation
3613:Attack on the twentieth convoy
3426:1941 pogroms in eastern Poland
2377:Syrmian Front Memorial Complex
1781:St. Nicholas', Stari Slankamen
1510:Holy Mother of God, Kuršumlija
1466:Kragujevac District Courthouse
1166:10.1080/00085006.1971.11091249
1100:: Cambridge University Press.
1041:Serbia: The History of an Idea
262:Crveni Krst concentration camp
1:
1928:Presentation of Mary, Lipljan
1866:Churches in White Drin valley
1586:Partisan Hospital, Prijepolje
1389:Residence of Princess Ljubica
1128:: Stanford University Press.
1048:: New York University Press.
917:: Nebraska University Press.
454:Axis occupation of Yugoslavia
4188:World War II sites in Serbia
3950:Jewish war conspiracy theory
3141:Extermination through labour
2145:Virgin Hodegetria, Mušutište
1691:Monument to the Unknown Hero
1073:: Indiana University Press.
1020:: Rowman & Littlefield.
874:Al Jazeera & 5 July 2012
601:Socialist Republic of Serbia
342:Socialist Republic of Serbia
4132:Righteous Among the Nations
2818:Righteous Among the Nations
2372:Site of the Battle of Senta
2347:Boško Buha Memorial Complex
2207:St George's, Gornja Bitinja
1635:Partisan Hospital, Krčagovo
995:: Simon Wiesenthal Center.
570:Sajmište concentration camp
397:, with the addition of the
288:
210:Cultural Heritage of Serbia
4224:
3869:Ukrainian Auxiliary Police
3839:Lithuanian Security Police
3758:Reich Security Main Office
2725:Evidence and documentation
2327:Vuk Karadžić's birth house
2234:Orthodox Church of Molovin
2202:Churches of Sirinićka Župa
1983:St. Jeremiah's, Goraždevac
1953:St. Nicholas', Velika Hoča
1756:Medieval palace of Vučitrn
1665:House of Dimitrije Tucović
1471:House of Svetozar Marković
1414:Secret Partisan Print Shop
1063:Ramet, Sabrina P. (2006).
963:Gypsies Under the Swastika
945:: Transaction Publishers.
315:and used to hold captured
4208:Nazi war crimes in Serbia
4085:Books and other resources
3913:
3890:
3724:
3711:
3355:
3342:
2849:
2832:
2617:Bulgarian-occupied Greece
2540:
2450:"Staro selo" Etno Complex
2160:Orthodox Church of Vilovo
2028:Churches of Sredačka Župa
1861:Orthodox Church in Mokrin
1515:Lazarevac Memorial Church
1419:Residence of Prince Miloš
1358:
943:New Brunswick, New Jersey
542:Courtyard with watchtower
441:in the Serbian region of
373:was quickly defeated and
277:
254:
250:
53:
41:
34:
3675:People with disabilities
3608:Aid and Rescue Committee
2180:Nerodimlje Medieval Town
2125:Patriarchate of Karlovci
2048:St. Paraskevi, Mušnikovo
2043:St. Nicholas', Mušnikovo
1913:Romanian Church in Uzdin
1846:St. Nicholas', Đurakovac
1776:Orthodox Church in Čurug
1684:St. Peter and Paul's in
1675:Prnjavor Memorial Chapel
1154:Canadian Slavonic Papers
845:Kenrick & Puxon 2009
764:Kenrick & Puxon 2009
3816:Order Police battalions
2423:Gornja Dobrinja Complex
2274:Miloš Obrenović's House
2217:St. Nicholas', Gotovuša
2175:Monuments of Nerodimlje
2155:Catholic Church of Čoka
2110:Warehouses of Golubinci
2018:Holy Salvation, Prizren
1988:Warehouses of Karlovčić
1958:St. John's, Velika Hoča
1918:Holy Thetokos', Vaganeš
1761:Monastery of St Barbara
1615:Museum of 1941 Uprising
968:Hatfield, Hertfordshire
431:Vlada Nacionalnog Spasa
399:northern part of Kosovo
4198:Jewish Serbian history
4183:Architecture in Serbia
3665:Soviet urban residents
2756:International response
2730:Contemporary knowledge
2367:Idvor Memorial Complex
2332:Kraljevo Memorial Park
2023:St. Nicholas', Prizren
1851:St. Nicholas', Kikinda
1741:Bishop's palace, Vršac
1546:Niš concentration camp
1526:Despot Stefan Memorial
1505:St. Nicholas Monastery
591:
551:
543:
520:
504:
457:
430:
308:, was operated by the
301:
294:Niš concentration camp
269:
4112:Memorials and museums
4050:Reparations Agreement
4045:Holocaust restitution
3623:Le Chambon-sur-Lignon
3146:Human experimentation
2985:Auschwitz II-Birkenau
2400:Knez Mihailova Street
2362:Vezirac Hill Memorial
2222:St. Nicholas', Štrpce
2038:St. George's, Sredska
1706:Bač Franciscan Church
1429:Topčider Parish House
1036:Pavlowitch, Stevan K.
1010:Mojzes, Paul (2011).
587:
549:
541:
502:
451:
367:Kingdom of Yugoslavia
292:), also known as the
106:43.33028°N 21.88861°E
3312:Jewish Ghetto Police
3181:Politische Abteilung
3076:Risiera di San Sabba
2937:Natzweiler-Struthof
2438:Rogljevo Wine Cellar
2428:Negotin Wine Cellars
2322:Cer Memorial Ossuary
2150:St. George's, Rečane
2033:Holy Virgin, Sredska
2003:St. Nicholas', Sibač
1998:St. Luke's, Kupinovo
1906:Pograđe Upper Church
1901:Pograđe Lower Church
1721:Bački Petrovac House
1630:Plant nursery, Užice
1571:Hristić family House
1536:Early Byzantine Tomb
1476:Sobrašice of Lužnice
1399:Captain Miša Mansion
1249:Archaeological Sites
1126:Stanford, California
1071:Bloomington, Indiana
589:Bubanj Memorial Park
4090:Days of remembrance
4003:Holocaust survivors
3998:Depopulated shtetls
3849:Rollkommando Hamann
3695:Jehovah's Witnesses
3513:Kamianets-Podilskyi
2575:Bohemia and Moravia
2410:Novi Pazar Fortress
2259:Patriarchate of Peć
2105:Petkovica Monastery
2013:St. Peter of Koriša
1841:St. John's, Crkolez
1670:Atenica Wine cellar
391:military occupation
371:Royal Yugoslav Army
102: /
4073:History and memory
3977:Forced euthanasia
3925:Nazi racial policy
3628:Danish underground
3475:Operation Reinhard
3470:Wannsee Conference
2443:Štubik Wine Cellar
2284:Historic Landmarks
2254:Our Lady of Ljeviš
2140:Subotica City Hall
2135:Subotica Synagogue
2085:St. John's, Sombor
2070:Sinan Pasha Mosque
2058:Gornje Selo Church
1836:Our Lady of Hvosno
1816:Krušedol Monastery
1680:Wooden Church, Dub
1610:Smederevo Fortress
1591:St. Peter and Paul
1404:Belgrade Cathedral
1371:Cultural Monuments
827:Museum poster, Niš
592:
552:
544:
505:
458:
456:from 1941 to 1943.
452:A map showing the
419:puppet governments
415:non-ferrous metals
411:riverine transport
403:Kosovska Mitrovica
333:Yugoslav Partisans
243:Reference no.
197:Yugoslav Partisans
111:43.33028; 21.88861
36:Concentration camp
4165:
4164:
4161:
4160:
4157:
4156:
4008:Sh'erit ha-Pletah
3955:Jewish emigration
3945:Hitler's prophecy
3940:Haavara Agreement
3886:
3885:
3882:
3881:
3874:Ypatingasis būrys
3771:Sicherheitsdienst
3707:
3706:
3703:
3702:
3646:
3645:
3566:Bielski partisans
3338:
3337:
3334:
3333:
3330:
3329:
3169:Totenkopfverbände
2828:
2827:
2500:
2499:
2433:Rajac Wine Cellar
2418:Altun-Alem Mosque
2312:Marićevića jaruga
2264:Banjska Monastery
2075:Hammam of Prizren
1796:Grgeteg Monastery
1731:Rakovac Monastery
1500:Kruševac Fortress
1394:Belgrade Fortress
1135:978-0-8047-3615-2
1107:978-0-521-27485-2
1080:978-0-253-34656-8
1055:978-0-8147-6708-5
1027:978-1-4422-0665-6
977:978-1-902806-80-8
952:978-1-4128-4975-3
924:978-0-8032-4647-8
915:Lincoln, Nebraska
667:, pp. 63–64.
381:establishing the
357:On 6 April 1941,
289:Logor Crveni krst
286:
278:Логор Црвени крст
258:
257:
177:Number of inmates
16:(Redirected from
4215:
4057:Holocaust denial
4035:Nuremberg trials
4025:Postwar violence
3980:
3915:
3892:
3854:Special Brigades
3844:Nederlandsche SS
3811:Police Regiments
3735:
3713:
3573:Ghetto uprisings
3561:Jewish partisans
3508:Harvest Festival
3480:Holocaust trains
3366:
3357:
3344:
3209:
3105:
3083:
3065:
3046:
3028:
2851:
2834:
2542:
2527:
2520:
2513:
2504:
2481:Dositej's Lyceum
2471:Sremski Karlovci
2269:Terzijski Bridge
2053:Bogoševce Church
1751:Vojinović Bridge
1726:Beočin Monastery
1711:Dunđerski Palace
1701:Bođani Monastery
1600:Gradac Monastery
1446:Golubac Fortress
1434:Topčider Obelisk
1409:Museum of 4 July
1384:Dositej's Lyceum
1364:
1267:Justiniana Prima
1239:
1238:
1227:
1220:
1213:
1204:
1198:
1177:
1139:
1116:Tomasevich, Jozo
1111:
1095:
1084:
1059:
1031:
1018:Lanham, Maryland
1006:
981:
956:
933:Israeli, Raphael
928:
889:
883:
877:
871:
860:
854:
848:
842:
831:
830:
823:
817:
811:
802:
796:
790:
784:
767:
761:
755:
749:
743:
737:
728:
722:
716:
710:
704:
698:
692:
686:
680:
674:
668:
662:
656:
650:
644:
638:
632:
631:
624:
607:was released in
533:Draža Mihailović
329:Second World War
306:Crveni Krst, Niš
291:
281:
279:
117:
116:
114:
113:
112:
107:
103:
100:
99:
98:
95:
69:
68:
62:
46:
27:
21:
4223:
4222:
4218:
4217:
4216:
4214:
4213:
4212:
4168:
4167:
4166:
4153:
4068:
3984:
3978:
3967:Madagascar Plan
3960:Kindertransport
3909:
3908:
3878:
3820:
3792:
3777:Ordnungspolizei
3733:
3720:
3699:
3642:
3594:
3547:
3518:Maly Trostenets
3489:Mass executions
3484:
3454:
3392:
3351:
3326:
3296:
3255:
3193:
3155:
3114:
3103:
3081:
3063:
3044:
3026:
3014:
2971:
2845:
2824:
2744:
2735:Hidden children
2713:
2571:Czechoslovakia
2536:
2531:
2501:
2496:
2386:
2352:Chapel of Peace
2317:Radovanjski Lug
2278:
2239:Holy Archangels
2185:Petrič Fortress
2165:Zvečan Fortress
2080:Imperial Mosque
2063:Drajčići Church
1978:Bajrakli Mosque
1923:Ubožac (Rđavac)
1801:Jazak Monastery
1791:Vrdnik-Ravanica
1766:Danilović House
1746:Mesić Monastery
1696:Prohor Pčinjski
1595:Gornja Dobrinja
1576:Banja Monastery
1551:Đurđevi Stupovi
1424:Topčider Church
1365:
1356:
1307:Kraku Lu Jordan
1292:Trajan's Bridge
1243:
1233:
1231:
1201:
1189:
1185:
1180:
1151:
1147:
1142:
1136:
1114:
1108:
1087:
1081:
1062:
1056:
1034:
1028:
1009:
1003:
984:
978:
959:
953:
931:
925:
906:
902:
897:
892:
884:
880:
872:
863:
855:
851:
843:
834:
825:
824:
820:
812:
805:
797:
793:
785:
770:
762:
758:
750:
746:
738:
731:
725:Pavlowitch 2002
723:
719:
711:
707:
701:Tomasevich 2001
699:
695:
689:Tomasevich 2001
687:
683:
677:Tomasevich 2001
675:
671:
665:Tomasevich 2001
663:
659:
651:
647:
639:
635:
626:
625:
621:
617:
582:
529:Josip Broz Tito
521:Durchgangslager
497:
355:
350:
212:
110:
108:
104:
101:
96:
93:
91:
89:
88:
78:
77:
76:
75:
72:
71:
70:
49:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4221:
4219:
4211:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4170:
4169:
4163:
4162:
4159:
4158:
4155:
4154:
4152:
4151:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4103:
4102:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4076:
4074:
4070:
4069:
4067:
4066:
4065:
4064:
4062:trivialization
4054:
4053:
4052:
4042:
4040:Eichmann trial
4037:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4021:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4000:
3994:
3992:
3986:
3985:
3983:
3982:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3963:
3962:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3935:Nuremberg Laws
3932:
3927:
3921:
3919:
3918:Early elements
3911:
3910:
3907:
3906:
3903:
3900:
3899:Early elements
3896:
3895:
3888:
3887:
3884:
3883:
3880:
3879:
3877:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3834:Arajs Kommando
3830:
3828:
3822:
3821:
3819:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3805:Einsatzgruppen
3800:
3798:
3794:
3793:
3791:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3774:
3768:
3767:
3766:
3755:
3747:
3741:
3739:
3732:
3731:
3725:
3722:
3721:
3718:Responsibility
3716:
3709:
3708:
3705:
3704:
3701:
3700:
3698:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3656:
3654:
3648:
3647:
3644:
3643:
3641:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3604:
3602:
3596:
3595:
3593:
3592:
3591:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3570:
3569:
3568:
3557:
3555:
3549:
3548:
3546:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3497:Einsatzgruppen
3492:
3490:
3486:
3485:
3483:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3466:
3464:
3461:Final Solution
3456:
3455:
3453:
3452:
3451:
3450:
3440:
3439:
3438:
3433:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3400:
3398:
3394:
3393:
3391:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3374:
3372:
3363:
3353:
3352:
3347:
3340:
3339:
3336:
3335:
3332:
3331:
3328:
3327:
3325:
3324:
3322:Ústredňa Židov
3319:
3314:
3308:
3306:
3298:
3297:
3295:
3294:
3289:
3287:Theresienstadt
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3263:
3261:
3257:
3256:
3254:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3217:
3215:
3206:
3195:
3194:
3192:
3191:
3184:
3177:
3172:
3163:
3161:
3157:
3156:
3154:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3126:Einsatzgruppen
3122:
3120:
3116:
3115:
3113:
3112:
3107:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3022:
3020:
3016:
3015:
3013:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2981:
2979:
2973:
2972:
2970:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2932:Mittelbau-Dora
2929:
2920:
2915:
2913:Kraków-Płaszów
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2859:
2857:
2847:
2846:
2837:
2830:
2829:
2826:
2825:
2823:
2822:
2821:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2803:Rescue of Jews
2800:
2799:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2752:
2750:
2746:
2745:
2743:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2721:
2719:
2715:
2714:
2712:
2711:
2710:
2709:
2704:
2696:
2695:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2638:
2637:
2626:
2621:
2620:
2619:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2588:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2548:
2546:
2538:
2537:
2532:
2530:
2529:
2522:
2515:
2507:
2498:
2497:
2495:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2446:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2425:
2420:
2407:
2402:
2396:
2394:
2388:
2387:
2385:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2288:
2286:
2280:
2279:
2277:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2225:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2199:
2198:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2066:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1938:Almaška Church
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1909:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1886:Mlečane Church
1883:
1878:
1873:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1556:Petrova Church
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1461:Tabula Traiana
1458:
1453:
1451:Takovo complex
1448:
1443:
1438:
1437:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1375:
1373:
1367:
1366:
1359:
1357:
1355:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1253:
1251:
1245:
1244:
1232:
1230:
1229:
1222:
1215:
1207:
1200:
1199:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1178:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1140:
1134:
1112:
1106:
1085:
1079:
1060:
1054:
1032:
1026:
1007:
1001:
982:
976:
957:
951:
929:
923:
903:
901:
898:
896:
893:
891:
890:
888:, p. 528.
878:
861:
859:, p. 284.
849:
832:
818:
803:
791:
768:
756:
744:
729:
727:, p. 143.
717:
715:, p. 182.
713:Singleton 1985
705:
703:, p. 179.
693:
691:, p. 177.
681:
669:
657:
645:
643:, p. 111.
633:
618:
616:
613:
581:
578:
496:
493:
439:armed uprising
354:
351:
349:
346:
304:), located in
270:KZ Crveni Krst
256:
255:
252:
251:
248:
247:
244:
240:
239:
236:
232:
231:
226:
222:
221:
218:
214:
213:
208:
205:
204:
201:
200:
194:
190:
189:
186:
182:
181:
178:
174:
173:
156:
152:
151:
148:
144:
143:
137:
133:
132:
123:
119:
118:
86:
80:
79:
73:
64:
63:
57:
56:
55:
54:
51:
50:
47:
39:
38:
32:
31:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4220:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4175:
4173:
4149:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4101:
4098:
4097:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4077:
4075:
4071:
4063:
4060:
4059:
4058:
4055:
4051:
4048:
4047:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4005:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3995:
3993:
3991:
3987:
3981:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3961:
3958:
3957:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3930:Nazi eugenics
3928:
3926:
3923:
3922:
3920:
3916:
3912:
3904:
3901:
3898:
3897:
3893:
3889:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3859:Topf and Sons
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3831:
3829:
3827:
3826:Collaborators
3823:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3806:
3802:
3801:
3799:
3795:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3778:
3775:
3772:
3769:
3765:
3764:Referat IV B4
3762:
3761:
3760: (RSHA)
3759:
3756:
3754:
3752:
3751:Schutzstaffel
3748:
3746:
3743:
3742:
3740:
3738:Organizations
3736:
3730:
3727:
3726:
3723:
3719:
3714:
3710:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3680:Romani people
3678:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3657:
3655:
3653:
3649:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3633:Working Group
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3618:Kastner train
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3605:
3603:
3601:
3597:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3575:
3574:
3571:
3567:
3564:
3563:
3562:
3559:
3558:
3556:
3554:
3550:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3498:
3494:
3493:
3491:
3487:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3457:
3449:
3446:
3445:
3444:
3441:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3428:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3406:
3405:Kristallnacht
3402:
3401:
3399:
3395:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
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3222:
3219:
3218:
3216:
3214:
3210:
3207:
3204:
3200:
3196:
3190:
3189:
3188:Sanitätswesen
3185:
3183:
3182:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3170:
3165:
3164:
3162:
3158:
3152:
3151:Death marches
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3123:
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3036:
3034:
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3024:
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3017:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2982:
2980:
2978:
2977:Extermination
2974:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2952:Sachsenhausen
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
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2928:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2893:Herzogenbusch
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2868:Bergen-Belsen
2866:
2864:
2861:
2860:
2858:
2856:
2855:Concentration
2852:
2848:
2844:
2840:
2835:
2831:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2805:
2804:
2801:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2791:United States
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
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2764:
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2678:
2675:
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2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2636:
2633:
2632:
2631:and colonies
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2618:
2615:
2614:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
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2578:
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2573:
2572:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2549:
2547:
2543:
2539:
2535:
2534:The Holocaust
2528:
2523:
2521:
2516:
2514:
2509:
2508:
2505:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2482:
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2328:
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2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2249:Visoki Dečani
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2229:Privina Glava
2227:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2204:
2203:
2200:
2196:
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2188:
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2128:
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2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2030:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1896:Kijevo Church
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1881:Drsnik Church
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1868:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
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1854:
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1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1786:Velika Remeta
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
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1759:
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1497:
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1469:
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1435:
1432:
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1427:
1425:
1422:
1421:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1379:St. Achillius
1377:
1376:
1374:
1372:
1368:
1363:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
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1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1302:Diana/Karataš
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
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1250:
1246:
1242:
1237:
1228:
1223:
1221:
1216:
1214:
1209:
1208:
1205:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1187:
1182:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1150:
1149:
1144:
1137:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1122:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1103:
1099:
1094:
1093:
1086:
1082:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1067:
1061:
1057:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1042:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1014:
1008:
1004:
1002:0-940646-38-2
998:
994:
990:
989:
983:
979:
973:
969:
965:
964:
958:
954:
948:
944:
940:
939:
934:
930:
926:
920:
916:
912:
911:
905:
904:
899:
894:
887:
882:
879:
875:
870:
868:
866:
862:
858:
853:
850:
847:, p. 81.
846:
841:
839:
837:
833:
828:
822:
819:
816:, p. 38.
815:
810:
808:
804:
801:, p. 83.
800:
795:
792:
789:, p. 84.
788:
783:
781:
779:
777:
775:
773:
769:
766:, p. 80.
765:
760:
757:
754:, p. 22.
753:
748:
745:
742:, p. 80.
741:
736:
734:
730:
726:
721:
718:
714:
709:
706:
702:
697:
694:
690:
685:
682:
679:, p. 64.
678:
673:
670:
666:
661:
658:
654:
649:
646:
642:
637:
634:
629:
623:
620:
614:
612:
610:
606:
602:
598:
590:
586:
579:
577:
575:
571:
567:
562:
558:
550:Wache (guard)
548:
540:
536:
534:
530:
524:
522:
518:
514:
510:
503:Main entrance
501:
494:
492:
490:
486:
482:
477:
475:
471:
467:
463:
462:Eastern Front
455:
450:
446:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
395:Serbia proper
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
352:
347:
345:
343:
339:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
290:
284:
275:
271:
267:
263:
253:
249:
245:
237:
230:
227:
219:
217:Official name
211:
202:
198:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
172:
168:
164:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
142:
138:
134:
131:
127:
124:
120:
115:
87:
85:
81:
61:
52:
45:
40:
37:
33:
28:
19:
4142:Yizkor books
3803:
3750:
3495:
3443:in Lithuania
3403:
3301:
3186:
3179:
3168:
3102:
3080:
3061:
3042:
3025:
2808:by Catholics
2677:Soviet Union
2545:By territory
2476:Bač Fortress
2382:Takovski grm
1891:Čabić Church
1876:Dolac Church
1826:Staro Hopovo
1771:Hadum mosque
1716:Neštin House
1545:
1520:Mačkov Kamen
1297:Lepenski Vir
1277:Velika humka
1194:
1157:
1153:
1120:
1091:
1065:
1040:
1012:
987:
962:
937:
909:
881:
852:
826:
821:
814:Israeli 2013
794:
759:
752:Israeli 2013
747:
720:
708:
696:
684:
672:
660:
648:
636:
622:
604:
593:
561:Mount Bubanj
553:
525:
506:
484:
478:
459:
401:(centred on
356:
293:
261:
259:
193:Liberated by
160:Anti-fascist
4148:Never again
3979:(Action T4)
3905:Remembrance
3690:Homosexuals
3660:Soviet POWs
3588:Częstochowa
3136:Gas chamber
2947:Ravensbrück
2888:Gross-Rosen
2883:Flossenbürg
2766:Philippines
2698:Yugoslavia
2657:Netherlands
2585:Sudetenland
2487:Fruška Gora
1821:Novo Hopovo
1806:Mala Remeta
1655:Ljubostinja
1541:Skull Tower
1337:Čibska šuma
1282:Rudna Glava
993:Los Angeles
886:Byford 2013
857:Milton 1983
799:Mojzes 2011
787:Mojzes 2011
740:Mojzes 2011
566:mass graves
435:Milan Nedić
405:), and the
327:during the
238:13 May 1977
147:Operational
136:Operated by
109: /
84:Coordinates
30:Crveni Krst
4172:Categories
4137:Yad Vashem
4117:Uniqueness
3972:Nisko Plan
3745:Nazi Party
3553:Resistance
3523:Ninth Fort
3388:Vel' d'Hiv
3160:Nazi units
3098:Westerbork
3088:Amersfoort
2942:Neuengamme
2923:Mauthausen
2903:Kaiserwald
2873:Buchenwald
2652:Luxembourg
2466:Gazimestan
2414:Old Bazaar
2292:Bela Crkva
1993:Ogar House
1871:Dobra Voda
1352:Viminacium
1195:Al Jazeera
895:References
641:Ramet 2006
609:Yugoslavia
387:government
353:Background
302:Lager Nich
235:Designated
158:Primarily
97:21°53′19″E
94:43°19′49″N
4095:Education
3990:Aftermath
3902:Aftermath
3864:Trawnikis
3788:Wehrmacht
3783:Waffen-SS
3583:Białystok
3411:Bucharest
3383:Marseille
3260:Elsewhere
3221:Białystok
3033:Breendonk
3010:Treblinka
2863:Auschwitz
2647:Lithuania
2460:Stari Ras
2412:with the
2244:Gračanica
2115:Šišatovac
1963:Vojlovica
1948:Novo Brdo
1686:Sirogojno
1645:Stari Han
1640:Kadinjača
1566:Stari Ras
1486:Studenica
1441:Pokajnica
1342:Kalvarija
1317:Bassianae
1287:Gamzigrad
653:Hehn 1971
605:Lager Niš
557:Partisans
513:Red Cross
495:Operation
474:Communism
379:Wehrmacht
283:romanized
150:1941–1944
18:Lager Niš
4080:Academia
3533:Piaśnica
3503:Babi Yar
3431:Jedwabne
3370:Roundups
3303:Judenrat
3267:Budapest
3038:Mechelen
3000:Majdanek
2957:Stutthof
2918:Majdanek
2813:by Poles
2771:Portugal
2749:Response
2740:Timeline
2718:Overview
2580:Slovakia
2567:Bulgaria
2455:Topčider
2302:Šumarice
2190:St. Uroš
2170:Sokolica
2100:Kuveždin
1660:Ravanica
1581:Mileševa
1561:Sopoćani
1496:Lazarica
1456:Manasija
1332:Gomolava
1312:Starčevo
1272:Mramorje
1183:Websites
1174:40866373
1145:Journals
1118:(2001).
1098:New York
1046:New York
1038:(2002).
935:(2013).
574:gas vans
485:Zigeuner
443:Šumadija
385:under a
375:Belgrade
122:Location
4107:Lessons
3543:Rumbula
3416:Dorohoi
3397:Pogroms
3349:Victims
3199:Ghettos
3131:Gas van
3119:Methods
3093:Schoorl
3071:Bolzano
3019:Transit
3005:Sobibor
2995:Chełmno
2962:Vaivara
2898:Hinzert
2843:ghettos
2796:Vatican
2702:Croatia
2692:Ukraine
2682:Belarus
2672:Romania
2624:Hungary
2607:Germany
2597:Estonia
2592:Denmark
2562:Belgium
2557:Austria
2552:Albania
2405:Tešnjar
2307:Stolice
2008:Kaljaja
1650:Oplenac
1605:Kalenić
1522:complex
1347:Ulpiana
1327:Židovar
1322:Sirmium
1262:Mediana
509:Gestapo
470:Romanis
427:Serbian
363:invaded
361:forces
348:History
325:Romanis
313:Gestapo
285::
274:Serbian
171:Romanis
155:Inmates
141:Gestapo
139:German
4013:Bricha
3779:(Orpo)
3652:Others
3638:Żegota
3600:Rescue
3578:Warsaw
3538:Ponary
3448:Kaunas
3251:Warsaw
3236:Lublin
3226:Kraków
3213:Poland
3057:Drancy
2990:Belzec
2967:Warsaw
2878:Dachau
2786:Turkey
2781:Sweden
2707:Serbia
2687:Russia
2667:Poland
2662:Norway
2642:Latvia
2612:Greece
2602:France
2342:Ljubić
2297:Bubanj
1856:Suvača
1831:Gorioč
1593:'s in
1491:Maglič
1172:
1132:
1104:
1077:
1052:
1024:
999:
974:
949:
921:
580:Legacy
517:German
369:. The
310:German
298:German
266:German
246:SK 240
199:, 1944
188:10,000
185:Killed
180:35,000
4127:Humor
4100:Films
3797:Units
3528:Odesa
3378:Izieu
3292:Vilna
3277:Minsk
3272:Kovno
3246:Radom
3110:Sereď
2927:Gusen
2908:Kauen
2839:Camps
2776:Spain
2761:Japan
2635:Libya
2629:Italy
2337:Čegar
2095:Divša
2090:Devič
1933:Arača
1736:Šlajz
1498:with
1257:Vinča
1170:JSTOR
900:Books
615:Notes
407:Banat
317:Serbs
163:Serbs
4018:List
3773:(SD)
3753:(SS)
3436:Lviv
3421:Iași
3361:Jews
3282:Riga
3241:Lwów
3231:Łódź
3203:list
3052:Gurs
2925:and
2841:and
2483:area
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