44:
362:. However, it appears that Queen Elizabeth offered Mary's son, Henry, the earldom as he was dying, although he declined it. If Mary had been the eldest Boleyn sister, Henry would have the better claim to the title, regardless of a new grant from the Queen. There is more evidence to suggest that Mary was older than Anne. She was married first, on 4 February 1520; an elder daughter traditionally married before a younger sister. Moreover, in 1532, when Anne was created
435:
281:, a soldier from a good family but with few prospects. This secret marriage to a man considered beneath her station angered King Henry VIII and her sister, Queen Anne, and resulted in Mary's banishment from the royal court. She died seven years later, having spent the remainder of her life in obscurity.
497:
Although Mary is said to have been more attractive than her sister, Anne seems more ambitious and intelligent. When the King took an interest in Anne, she refused to become his mistress. By the middle of 1526, Henry was determined to marry her. This gave him further incentive to seek the annulment of
1228:
Katherine
Knollys' tombstone in Westminster Abbey reads thus: "This Lady Knollys and the Lord Hundesdon her brother were the childeren of William Caree Esquyer, and of the Lady Mary his wiffe one of the doughters and heires to Thomas Bulleyne Erle of Wylshier and Ormond. Which Lady Mary was sister
530:. Since Stafford was a soldier, his prospects as a second son so slight, and his income so small, many believed that the union was a love match. When Mary became pregnant, the marriage was discovered. Queen Anne was furious, and the Boleyn family disowned Mary. The couple were banished from court.
373:
and her sister Anne at Hever Castle. She was given the conventional education deemed essential for young ladies of her rank and status, which included the basic principles of arithmetic, grammar, history, reading, spelling and writing. In addition to her family genealogy, Mary learned the feminine
550:, but to no avail. Anne relented, sending Mary a magnificent golden cup and some money, but still refused to reinstate her position at court. This partial reconciliation was the closest the two sisters attained; it is not thought that they met after Mary's exile from the King's court.
348:
There is no evidence as to Mary's exact date of birth, but it occurred sometime between 1499 and 1508. Most historians suggest she was the eldest of the three surviving Boleyn children. Evidence suggests that the Boleyn family treated Mary as the eldest child; in 1597, her grandson
484:
between Henry and
Catherine; as his brother's wife, under canon law, she became his sister. In 1527, during his initial attempts to obtain a papal annulment of his marriage to Catherine, Henry similarly requested a dispensation to marry Anne, the sister of his former mistress.
553:
Mary's life between 1534 and her sister's execution on 19 May 1536 is difficult to trace. There is no record of her visiting her parents and no evidence of any correspondence with, or visits to, her sister Anne or her brother George when they were imprisoned in the
834:
magazine. Her novel spawned five others in the same series but drew criticism for its lack of historical accuracy. For example, Gregory characterises Anne, not Mary, as the elder sister and does not mention Mary's relationships before her affair with Henry.
537:
to speak to Henry and Anne. She admitted that she might have chosen "a greater man of birth" but never one that should have loved her so well, nor a more honest man. And she went on, "I had rather beg my bread with him than to be the greatest queen in
493:
Anne returned to
England in January 1522; she soon joined the royal court as one of Queen Catherine's maids-of-honour. Anne achieved considerable popularity at court, although the sisters moved in different circles and were not considered close.
357:
on the grounds that he was the
Boleyns' legitimate heir. Many ancient peerages can descend through female heirs without an immediate male heir. If Anne had been the elder sister, the better claim to the title would have belonged to her daughter,
410:
himself, Francis having succeeded Louis XII who had died shortly after his marriage to
Princess Mary. This is based on a secondhand account by Rodolfo Pio, Bishop of Faenza and papal nunio, in 1536, who claimed Francis knew Mary in France as
366:, she was referred to as "one of the daughters of Thomas Boleyn". Were she the eldest, that status would probably have been mentioned. Most historians now accept Mary as the eldest child, placing her birth sometime in 1499.
405:
Mary was joined in Paris by her father Sir Thomas and her sister Anne, who had been studying in France for the previous year. During this time, Mary is supposed to have embarked on sexual affairs, including one with
479:
when he was a little over fifteen years old, but Arthur died just a few months later. Henry later used this to justify the annulment of his marriage to
Catherine, arguing that her marriage to Arthur had created an
457:, a wealthy and influential courtier, on 4 February 1520; Henry VIII was a guest at the couple's wedding. At some point, Mary became Henry's mistress; the starting date and duration of the liaison are unknown.
265:
for an unknown period. It has been rumoured that she bore two of the King's children, though Henry did not acknowledge either. Mary was also rumoured to have been a mistress of Henry VIII's rival, King
626:(4 March 1526 â 23 July 1596). Queen Elizabeth I ennobled him shortly after her coronation and later made a Knight of the Garter. When he was dying, Elizabeth offered Henry the Boleyn family title of
460:
It was rumoured that the king fathered one or both of Mary's children. Even if this was so, however, Henry did not acknowledge either of them as his children, although he had previously acknowledged
43:
385:
Mary remained in
England for most of her childhood until she was sent abroad in 1514 around the age of fifteen when her father secured her a place as maid-of-honour to the King's sister,
542:. And I believe verily ... he would not forsake me to be a king". Henry, however, seems to have been indifferent to her plight. Mary asked Cromwell to speak to her father,
461:
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543:
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2126:
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1350:
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2141:
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547:
374:
accomplishments of dancing, embroidery, etiquette, household management, music, needlework, singing, and games such as cards and
370:
522:
on his way to a state visit to France. Anne was crowned Queen on 1 June 1533, and on 7 September gave birth to Henry's daughter
350:
2136:
1127:
623:
503:
248:
200:
631:
481:
506:. Mary's husband had left her with considerable debts, and Anne arranged for her nephew to be educated at a respectable
334:
597:
527:
278:
168:
2070:
1990:
1827:
844:
696:
638:
Mary's marriage to
William Stafford (d. 5 May 1556) may have resulted in the birth of two further children:
666:
454:
446:
354:
274:
262:
139:
1781:
1421:
Ives, Eric
William (2004). "The Life and Death of Anne Boleyn", p. 369 (note 75). Malden, MA: Blackwell Pub.
736:
476:
363:
2151:
2081:
1959:
1134:
746:
627:
609:
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359:
1229:
to Anne Quene of
England wiffe to Kinge Henry the Eyght father and mother to Elizabeth Quene of England".
2176:
2116:
1594:
1211:
1037:
896:(2015), the television adaptation based on Hilary Mantel's novel of the same name, Mary is portrayed by
892:
816:
526:, who later became Queen Elizabeth I. In 1534, Mary secretly married an Essex landowner's younger son:
2121:
2111:
1899:
1820:
1148:
829:
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49:
1452:
756:
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267:
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884:
510:
monastery. Anne also interceded to secure an annual pension of ÂŖ100 for her widowed sister.
342:
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2044:
1803:
1789:
1772:
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1704:
1690:
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1639:
1612:
1498:"Stafford [nÊe Boleyn; other married name Carey], Mary (c. 1499â1543), royal mistress"
1473:
1402:
1346:
1308:
1141:
897:
858:
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499:
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1941:
1505:
821:
716:
589:
533:
Mary's financial circumstances became so desperate that she begged the king's chief adviser
465:
338:
1953:
1248:
1120:
797:
726:
613:
581:
555:
255:
196:
1289:, p. 27. All three scholars argue that Mary was the eldest of the three Boleyn children.
1929:
1905:
1668:
1301:
1282:
676:
585:
519:
369:
During her early years, it is most likely that Mary was educated alongside her brother
290:
75:
2105:
871:
778:
766:
562:
122:
92:
498:
his marriage to Catherine of Aragon. When Mary's husband died during an outbreak of
1935:
1746:
Divorced Beheaded Survived: A Feminist Reinterpretation of the Wives of Henry VIII.
1286:
809:
518:
In 1532, Mary was one of her companions when Anne accompanied Henry to the English
298:
109:
857:(2003), based on the novel of the same name by Philippa Gregory, she is played by
1569:
2017:
1982:
1881:
1843:
1758:
1465:
1022:
917:
706:
686:
646:
539:
251:
17:
1509:
1887:
1636:
Mary Boleyn: Sister to Queen Anne Boleyn and Sister in Law to King Henry VIII.
866:
507:
61:
422:
She returned to England in 1519, where she was appointed a maid-of-honour to
1727:
1278:
773:
438:
Signature of Mary Boleyn as "Mary Carey" after her marriage to William Carey
645:
Anne Stafford (b. 1536?), possibly named in honour of Mary's sister, Queen
630:, which he had long sought but, at that point, declined. He was married to
828:
Philippa Gregory later nominated Mary as her heroine in an interview with
442:
321:, then Earl of Surrey and future 2nd Duke of Norfolk, and his first wife
306:
117:
785:
Mary has been the central character in three novels based on her life:
593:
379:
294:
79:
566:
561:
Mary died of unknown causes on 19 or 30 July 1543, most likely at
441:
433:
416:
390:
375:
254:, whose family enjoyed considerable influence during the reign of
96:
330:
302:
1816:
1812:
1800:
Mary Boleyn: The True Story of Henry VIII's Favorite Mistress.
1609:
Mary Boleyn: The True Story of Henry VIII's Favourite Mistress
1327:
The Life and Death of Anne Boleyn: The Most Happy by Eric Ives
838:
Mary is a character in several films and television series:
1260:
Letters and Papers of the Reign of Henry VIII, X, no.450.
930:
Mary Boleyn: The True Story of Henry VIII's Mistress
683:
The Concubine: A Novel Based Upon the Life of Anne Boleyn
883:(2008), also based on Gregory's novel, she is played by
502:, Henry granted Anne Boleyn the wardship of her nephew,
1343:
Mary Boleyn: The True Story of Henry VIII's Mistress
2063:
2036:
2009:
1974:
1850:
909:Mary is also a subject in three non-fiction books:
228:
218:
192:
128:
116:
103:
86:
67:
56:
34:
1656:Anne Boleyn: A New Life of England's Tragic Queen.
1532:"Your guide to Mary Boleyn, sister of Anne Boleyn"
1300:
1239:
1237:
713:Mistress Anne: The Exceptional Life of Anne Boleyn
475:, had first been married to Henry's older brother
1570:"The Other Boleyn Girl: Hollyoaks in fancy dress"
584:(1524 â 15 January 1569). Maid-of-honour to both
305:. She was the daughter of a wealthy diplomat and
48:17th-century copy of a lost original portrait by
604:, by whom she had issue. She later became chief
1401:(1st ed.). The History Press. p. 55.
313:, later Earl of Wiltshire, by his marriage to
1828:
1563:
1561:
528:William Stafford (later Sir William Stafford)
8:
1470:Mary Boleyn: 'The Great and Infamous Whore'
453:Soon after her return, Mary was married to
413:una grandissima ribalda, infame sopra tutte
325:, therefore Mary was a niece of the future
1835:
1821:
1813:
658:Mary is featured in the following novels:
273:Mary Boleyn was married twice: in 1520 to
247:, (c. 1499 â July 1543) was the sister of
42:
31:
618:Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester
270:, for some period between 1515 and 1519.
108:Unknown although assumed to be buried at
848:(1969), she is played by Valerie Gearon.
663:Brief Gaudy Hour: A Novel of Anne Boleyn
426:, the queen consort of Henry VIII.
2090:With Her Head Tucked Underneath Her Arm
1894:Henry Percy, 6th Earl of Northumberland
1864:Elizabeth Boleyn, Countess of Wiltshire
1502:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1203:
1568:von Tunzelmann, Alex (6 August 2008).
1496:Hughes, Jonathan (23 September 2004).
733:I, Elizabeth: the Word of a Queen
337:, and Henry VIII's future fifth wife,
1491:
1489:
1307:(First ed.). The History Press.
1218:. The Dean and Chapter of Westminster
1186:
1184:
1182:
1180:
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974:
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960:
955:
948:
946:
944:
7:
1912:Elizabeth Tilney, Countess of Surrey
1858:Thomas Boleyn, 1st Earl of Wiltshire
1432:The Matrimonial Trials of Henry VIII
950:Thomas Boleyn, 1st Earl of Wiltshire
620:, the favourite of Elizabeth I.
223:Thomas Boleyn, 1st Earl of Wiltshire
2147:Howard family (English aristocracy)
1769:Mary Boleyn: The Mistress of Kings.
277:, and again, secretly, in 1534, to
1965:Thomas Hoo, Baron Hoo and Hastings
1918:Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of Norfolk
1732:The Life and Death of Anne Boleyn.
1530:Mackay, Lauren (12 October 2020).
914:Mary Boleyn: The Mistress of Kings
864:In the Showtime television series
25:
2132:Mistresses of Francis I of France
924:The Mistresses of Henry VIII
792:(later published under the title
382:, falconry, riding, and hunting.
329:, and a first cousin of both the
2182:Household of Catherine of Aragon
1870:George Boleyn, Viscount Rochford
1269:Letters of Matthew Parker, p.15.
1216:Westminster Abbey â Founded 960
743:The Secret Diary of Anne Boleyn
577:Mary Boleyn was the mother of:
464:, his son by another mistress,
181:
151:
1798:Wilkinson, Josephine. (2010).
1128:Henry Carey, 1st Baron Hunsdon
870:(2007â2010), she is played by
753:Dear Heart, How Like You This?
624:Henry Carey, 1st Baron Hunsdon
419:, the most infamous of all").
201:Henry Carey, 1st Baron Hunsdon
27:English noblewoman (1499â1543)
1:
2167:16th-century English nobility
1924:Elizabeth Boleyn, Lady Boleyn
1648:Bruce, Marie-Louise. (1972).
1607:Wilkinson, Josephine (2009).
1337:Wilkinson, Josephine (2009).
932:by Josephine Wilkinson (2010)
488:
197:Catherine Carey, Lady Knollys
2187:Court of Francis I of France
1920: (maternal grandfather)
1914: (maternal grandmother)
1908: (paternal grandfather)
1902: (paternal grandmother)
1786:The Six Wives of Henry VIII.
1715:The Mistresses of Henry VIII
1638:Webster's Digital Services.
1399:The Mistresses of Henry VIII
1339:"The Early years, 1500â1514"
1303:The Mistresses of Henry VIII
642:Edward Stafford (1535â1545).
616:, became the second wife of
335:Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey
155:
2162:Ladies of the Privy Chamber
1685:Gregory, Philippa. (2003).
1299:Hart, Kelly (1 June 2009).
851:In the BBC television film
2203:
2172:16th-century English women
2157:Daughters of British earls
289:Mary was probably born at
1991:Anne of the Thousand Days
1967:(great great grandfather)
1701:The Last Boleyn: A Novel.
1387:Marie-Louise Bruce, p. 13
1251:, New York, 1992), p. 119
1172:
1170:
1113:
1111:
1109:
1101:
1099:
1095:
1093:
1085:
1083:
1073:
1069:
1063:
1053:
1051:
1049:
1043:
1034:
1032:
1030:
1028:
1026:
1004:
1002:
1000:
990:
986:
980:
953:
845:Anne of the Thousand Days
317:, the eldest daughter of
41:
2127:Mistresses of Henry VIII
1744:Lindsey, Karen. (1995).
1673:The Wives of Henry VIII.
1345:. Amberley. p. 13.
667:Margaret Campbell Barnes
612:. One of her daughters,
449:, husband of Mary Boleyn
395:Louis XII of France
263:mistresses of Henry VIII
2142:People from Hever, Kent
1699:Harper, Karen. (2006).
1654:Denny, Joanna. (2004).
1245:The Wives of Henry VIII
800:(Aileen Quigley) (1974)
693:Anne, the Rose of Hever
634:, by whom he had issue.
364:Marchioness of Pembroke
2082:O Death Rock Me Asleep
1960:George Boleyn (priest)
1767:Weir, Alison. (2011).
1687:The Other Boleyn Girl.
1510:10.1093/ref:odnb/70719
1135:Elizabeth I of England
610:Queen Elizabeth I
606:lady of the bedchamber
489:Sister's rise to power
450:
439:
401:Royal affair in France
378:. She was also taught
360:Queen Elizabeth I
90:July 1543 (aged 35â44)
2137:People from Blickling
1999:The Other Boleyn Girl
1950: (sister-in-law)
1713:Hart, Kelly. (2009).
1634:Adair, Anne. (2011).
1595:The Other Boleyn Girl
1430:Kelly, Henry Ansgar:
1038:Henry VIII of England
880:The Other Boleyn Girl
854:The Other Boleyn Girl
817:The Other Boleyn Girl
723:The Lady in the Tower
654:Depictions in fiction
445:
437:
293:, the family seat in
249:English queen consort
71:between 1499 and 1508
1900:Lady Margaret Butler
1703:Three Rivers Press.
1593:Gregory, Philippa, "
1397:Hart, Kelly (2009).
1149:Edward VI of England
926:by Kelly Hart (2009)
602:Knight of the Garter
261:Mary was one of the
154: 1520;
50:Remigius van Leemput
2076:Cultural depictions
1956:(great grandfather)
1717:The History Press.
1212:"Katherine Knollys"
473:Catherine of Aragon
471:Henry VIII's wife,
424:Catherine of Aragon
389:, who was going to
327:3rd Duke of Norfolk
268:Francis I of France
2092:" (1934 song)
2021: (1830 opera)
1771:Ballantine Books.
890:In the miniseries
885:Scarlett Johansson
451:
440:
343:Lord Edmund Howard
2099:
2098:
2053:Doomed Queen Anne
2045:Murder Most Royal
2029: (2010 play)
1896: (betrothed)
1808:978-1-84868-525-3
1794:978-0-8021-3683-1
1777:978-0-345-52133-0
1754:978-0-201-40823-2
1740:978-1-4051-3463-7
1734:Wiley-Blackwell.
1723:978-0-7524-5852-6
1709:978-0-307-23790-3
1681:978-0-14-013293-9
1664:978-0-306-81540-9
1644:978-1-241-00378-4
1618:978-1-84868-089-0
1472:. Penguin Books.
1468:(1 August 2011).
1408:978-0-7524-5852-6
1365:Charles Carlton,
1314:978-0-7524-4835-0
1195:
1194:
1142:Mary I of England
898:Charity Wakefield
859:Natascha McElhone
794:The Tudor Sisters
763:Doomed Queen Anne
500:sweating sickness
415:" ("a very great
355:earldom of Ormond
297:, and grew up at
238:
237:
204:Edward Stafford (
16:(Redirected from
2194:
1942:Catherine Howard
1884: (daughter)
1837:
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1823:
1814:
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1622:
1604:
1598:
1591:
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1394:
1388:
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1367:Royal Mistresses
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1318:
1306:
1296:
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1243:Antonia Fraser,
1241:
1232:
1231:
1225:
1223:
1208:
957:Elizabeth Howard
942:
941:
831:BBC History
822:Philippa Gregory
717:Carolly Erickson
592:, she married a
590:Catherine Howard
466:Elizabeth Blount
345:, Mary's uncle.
339:Catherine Howard
323:Elizabeth Tilney
315:Elizabeth Howard
279:William Stafford
243:, also known as
233:Elizabeth Howard
185:
183:
169:William Stafford
159:
157:
153:
112:
82:
46:
32:
21:
18:Lady Mary Boleyn
2202:
2201:
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2191:
2102:
2101:
2100:
2095:
2059:
2032:
2005:
1970:
1954:Geoffrey Boleyn
1890: (husband)
1872: (brother)
1846:
1841:
1748:Da Capo Press.
1669:Fraser, Antonia
1658:Da Capo Press.
1631:
1629:Further reading
1626:
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1255:
1249:Alfred A. Knopf
1242:
1235:
1221:
1219:
1210:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1196:
1188:Catherine Carey
1121:Catherine Carey
939:
907:
805:The Last Boleyn
798:Aileen Armitage
656:
614:Lettice Knollys
608:to her cousin,
598:Francis Knollys
582:Catherine Carey
575:
556:Tower of London
535:Thomas Cromwell
516:
514:Second marriage
491:
432:
403:
287:
256:King Henry VIII
210:Anne Stafford (
209:
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199:
188:
187:
184: 1534)
179:
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158: 1528)
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2003:
1995:
1987:
1978:
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1968:
1962:
1957:
1951:
1945:
1944: (cousin)
1939:
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1930:Joyce Culpeper
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341:, daughter of
291:Blickling Hall
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19:
2177:Carey family
2117:1490s births
2085: (poem)
2080:
2056: (2002)
2051:
2048: (1949)
2043:
2024:
2016:
1997:
1994: (1969)
1989:
1986: (1920)
1981:
1936:James Boleyn
1932: (aunt)
1926: (aunt)
1875:
1799:
1785:
1782:Weir, Alison
1768:
1763:Anne Boleyn.
1762:
1759:Lofts, Norah
1745:
1731:
1714:
1700:
1689:Touchstone.
1686:
1672:
1655:
1649:
1635:
1611:. Amberley.
1608:
1602:
1589:
1577:. Retrieved
1574:The Guardian
1573:
1551:
1539:. Retrieved
1536:HistoryExtra
1535:
1525:
1513:. Retrieved
1501:
1469:
1466:Weir, Alison
1460:
1448:
1443:Weir, p. 160
1439:
1431:
1426:
1417:
1398:
1392:
1383:
1378:Denny, p. 38
1374:
1366:
1361:
1342:
1332:
1323:
1302:
1294:
1274:
1265:
1256:
1244:
1227:
1220:. Retrieved
1215:
1206:
1015:
929:
923:
913:
908:
891:
878:
877:In the film
865:
852:
843:
842:In the film
837:
830:
827:
815:
810:Karen Harper
803:
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384:
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353:claimed the
351:Lord Hunsdon
347:
333:and soldier
299:Hever Castle
288:
272:
260:
244:
240:
239:
211:
205:
118:Noble family
110:Hever Castle
60:Mistress of
29:
2122:1543 deaths
2112:Mary Boleyn
2026:Anne Boleyn
2018:Anna Bolena
1983:Anna Boleyn
1948:Jane Boleyn
1882:Elizabeth I
1876:Mary Boleyn
1844:Anne Boleyn
1650:Anne Boleyn
1555:Hart p. 118
1023:Anne Boleyn
1016:Mary Boleyn
937:Family tree
918:Alison Weir
905:Non-fiction
727:Jean Plaidy
707:Norah Lofts
703:Anne Boleyn
687:Norah Lofts
673:Anne Boleyn
647:Anne Boleyn
632:Anne Morgan
548:her brother
540:Christendom
504:Henry Carey
252:Anne Boleyn
241:Mary Boleyn
36:Mary Boleyn
2106:Categories
2071:Coronation
2037:Literature
1888:Henry VIII
1802:Amberley.
1761:. (1979).
1728:Ives, Eric
1671:. (1992).
1285:, p. 119;
1199:References
867:The Tudors
508:Cistercian
285:Early life
62:Henry VIII
1784:.(1991).
1730:.(2004).
1675:Vintage.
1281:, p. 17;
893:Wolf Hall
774:Wolf Hall
544:her uncle
524:Elizabeth
245:Lady Mary
129:Spouse(s)
99:, England
74:probably
482:affinity
307:courtier
212:disputed
206:disputed
1455:, p. 73
1434:pp42 ff
594:Puritan
380:archery
295:Norfolk
186:
178:
174:
160:
148:
144:
80:Norfolk
2002:(2008)
1851:Family
1806:
1792:
1775:
1752:
1738:
1721:
1707:
1693:
1679:
1662:
1642:
1615:
1579:31 May
1541:2 July
1515:2 July
1476:
1405:
1369:(1990)
1349:
1311:
1283:Fraser
1222:2 June
920:(2011)
824:(2001)
812:(1983)
781:(2009)
769:(2002)
759:(2002)
749:(1997)
739:(1994)
729:(1986)
719:(1984)
709:(1979)
699:(1969)
689:(1963)
679:(1957)
669:(1949)
596:, Sir
546:, and
477:Arthur
371:George
229:Mother
219:Father
123:Boleyn
104:Buried
2064:Other
2010:Stage
1975:Films
1287:Denny
796:) by
573:Issue
567:Essex
417:whore
391:Paris
376:chess
193:Issue
180:(
176:
150:(
146:
97:Essex
1804:ISBN
1790:ISBN
1773:ISBN
1750:ISBN
1736:ISBN
1719:ISBN
1705:ISBN
1691:ISBN
1677:ISBN
1660:ISBN
1640:ISBN
1613:ISBN
1581:2013
1543:2024
1517:2024
1474:ISBN
1403:ISBN
1347:ISBN
1309:ISBN
1279:Ives
1224:2016
588:and
331:poet
303:Kent
87:Died
68:Born
1506:doi
916:by
820:by
808:by
777:by
765:by
755:by
745:by
735:by
725:by
715:by
705:by
695:by
685:by
675:by
665:by
2108::
1572:.
1560:^
1534:.
1504:.
1500:.
1488:^
1341:.
1236:^
1226:.
1214:.
600:,
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565:,
558:.
468:.
397:.
309:,
301:,
258:.
182:m.
156:d.
152:m.
95:,
78:,
2088:"
1836:e
1829:t
1822:v
1621:.
1597:"
1583:.
1545:.
1519:.
1508::
1482:.
1411:.
1355:.
1317:.
1247:(
900:.
887:.
874:.
861:.
649:.
411:"
214:)
208:)
20:)
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