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313:, troubled by respectable Brahmin priests shying away from officiating at the intercaste marriage of his son Devdas, a Vania, or merchant class boy, to Lakshmi, the daughter of C. Rajagopalachari, a Brahmin, and later the second Governor General of independent India approached the young Joshi for his opinion on whether such a marriage was against Hindu dharma. With his thorough knowledge of the
2614:
356:, a 20-volume Marathi encyclopedia under the sponsorship of the above Board. He also spearheaded compilation of Dharmakosha, a Marathi transliteration of the ancient Vedic/Hindu Sanskritic hymns. In Wai, he also opened a hostel for students of the Dalit castes, a factory for making hand-made paper and a printing press.
329:, where he traced the evolution of "Vedic" culture and its influence on modern India. He wrote a critique arguing that modern Indians became conflicted between meeting material needs and attaining spiritual enlightenment, thus fostering a collective weakness, disharmony and allowing caste differences to prevail.
547:
Marathi literature is strewn with
Deshastha writers. Some of the luminaries are B. S. Murdhekar, the neo classical poet and critic; the popular dramatists Acharya P. K. Atre, V.V.Shirwadkar; the poet and story writer G.D.Madgulkar popularly known as the "Modern Walmiki" of Maharashtra, Sahitya
324:
and quickly assimilated and embraced western philosophical systems. He questioned whether those that had the knowledge had the wisdom to lead, and recognized those that followed had inadequate knowledge. He was the member of Roy's
Radical Democratic party until its dissolution 1948. He wrote a
351:
He served as the first president of
Maharashtra State Board of Literature and Culture when it was established in 1960, and starting from that year, served for a large number of years as the president of the project of compiling
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515:
The call for determined, but passive resistance that signified the certitude that Gandhi foresaw for the movement is best described by his call to Do or Die, issued on 8 August at the
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392:, a study of the tenets of modern Marathi literary criticism. He also wrote Hindu Dharmachi Samiksha, in 1940, critically examining the concepts and foundation of Hinduism, and
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814:
325:
Marathi treatise called Vaidik
Sankriti-cha Vikas (Development of Vedic Civilization) in 1951. This treatise was based on six lectures he delivered at the
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at the
Pradnya pathshala, a renowned Vedic school. Later in 1923 he earned the degree "Tarkateertha", or literally, "Master of logic" at the
807:
660:
See a recent
English translation of this book, "Development of Indian Culture –Vedas to Gandhi", Published by Lokvangmaya Griha, 2001; and
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277:. In 1927, he married Satyawati Mulherkar. They had two sons and two daughters. Their elder son, Madhukar had a distinguished career at
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368:, is a treatise in Sanskrit on the philosophical basis of religious conversion, published in 1934. In that same year, he edited the
2607:
1640:
662:
548:
Akademi Award winners G. T. Deshpande, Laxmanshastri Joshi, S. N. Banhatti, V. K. Gokak and Mugali all belong to this community.
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1767:
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district in the present-day state of
Maharashtra. He left home at age 14 after studying to be a priest. He finally settled in
2617:
396:, in 1941, a survey of the history and development of materialism in Indian and Western philosophical traditions. He wrote
372:, which encompassed twenty-six volumes and 18,000 pages, encoding the basic texts and commentaries on the varied aspects of
1645:
616:
Bombay
Chronicle, June 1933; see also "Tarkateertha- Ek Pradnyapravaha", a biography in Marathi, SriVidya Prakashan, 1995
476:, India's second-highest civilian honor, in recognition of a lifetime of exceptional and distinguished service to India.
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In 1973, he received the
National Sanskrit Pandit Award, and in 1976, the government of India conferred on him the
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663:"Development of Indian Culture, Tarkateertha Laxmanshastri Joshi, , - from D K Publishers Distributors (INDIA)"
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Joshi spent all his life in Wai. He was closely associated with
Pradnya pathshala all his life. Although a
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when Bhave came to Wai to study under Kewalananda Saraswati. It was during one of those internments that
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for his role in the freedom movement. However while in prison, he quickly gained a reputation as a Hindu
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to phonetic romanized spellings, he is also alternately referred to as "Laxman Shahstri Joshi". In
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articles he is most commonly referred to as "Tarkateertha Laxman Shahstri Joshi". Alternatively,
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545:. Bennett, Coleman & Company, Limited, at the Times of India Press. 1974. p. 31.
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317:, Joshi not only judged the marriage acceptable but also performed the wedding ceremony.
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in year 1955. He was also awarded with two of the India's highest civilian honours
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title, India's third highest honour, for excellence in Literature and Education.
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Maidan in Bombay, since re-named August Kranti Maidan (August Revolution Ground)
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1973:
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family in 1901 to Balaji and Chandrabhaga Joshi, in the village of Pimpalner,
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566:. Calcutta: N.R. Ray, Institute of Historical studies. pp. 205–207
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He died at the age of 94, near the birth spring of the Krishna river.
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744:. Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2015. Archived from
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716:. Calcutta: N.R. Ray, Institute of Historical studies. p. 205
263:
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59:
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In the 1930s, Joshi came under the influence of radical humanist
2654:
Recipients of the Padma Vibhushan in literature & education
796:
388:
and aesthetics in Marathi literature. Later in 1973, he wrote
278:
215:
chose him to be his principal advisor in his campaign against
2699:
Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in literature & education
2724:
Presidents of the Akhil Bharatiya Marathi Sahitya Sammelan
463:, the highest award for lifetime achievement given by the
137:वैदिक संस्कृतीचा विकास (The Development of Vedic Culture)
607:
Marathi Vishwakosha, Vol.14, p. 698, 1989, ed. L.S.Joshi
452:
He was awarded an honorary doctorate in literature from
442:
award from India's National Academy of Letters in 1955.
380:
s from 1500 BC to the 18th century. In 1938, he wrote
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1165:
834:
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133:
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108:
98:
82:
67:
51:
34:
2689:Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Marathi
436:For his outstanding contribution, he received the
400:in 1958 to much acclaim. Amongst other works are
467:, which is India's National Academy of Letters.
733:
731:
275:Government Sanskrit Mahavidyalaya of Calcutta
112:Independence activist, literary critic, writer
808:
630:Indian sociology through Ghurye, a dictionary
427:Descriptive Catalogue of Sanskrit Manuscripts
254:, a historic temple town on the banks of the
8:
2694:Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Fellowship
188:(27 January 1901 – 27 May 1994) was an
815:
801:
793:
542:The Illustrated Weekly of India, Volume 95
31:
384:, a critical commentary on the theory or
424:Critique of Hinduism and other Religions
532:
488:
589:. No. Mon Mar 22. Indian Express
7:
404:, a translation of the 18 principal
74:Somewhere near the origins of river
2613:
390:Adhunik Marathi Sahityachi Samiksha
219:. Joshi was the first recipient of
633:. Popular Prakashan. p. 348.
25:
688:Sahitya Akademi awards in Marathi
402:Upanishadanche Marathi Bhashantar
2719:20th-century Indian male writers
2612:
2603:
2602:
2592:
1641:Chandeshwar Prasad Narayan Singh
713:Dictionary of National biography
563:Dictionary of National biography
301:scholar. Under the tutelage of
239:Lakshman Shastri was born in a
103:Sanskrit College and University
1:
1646:Premlila Vithaldas Thackersey
2679:20th-century Indian scholars
1546:Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis
281:in research and management.
2458:Gaganvihari Lallubhai Mehta
2164:Kottayan Katankot Venugopal
2149:Chandulal Madhavlal Trivedi
1566:Giani Gurmukh Singh Musafir
1418:Chandrika Prasad Srivastava
1258:P. Prabhakar Kumaramangalam
1082:Balwant Moreshwar Purandare
627:Pillai, S. Devadas (1997).
495:Due to the conversion from
470:In 1992 he was awarded the
2740:
2674:People from Dhule district
2659:Activists from Maharashtra
2535:Karim Al Hussaini Aga Khan
2398:Pandurang Shastri Athavale
2242:Krishnaswamy Kasturirangan
2212:Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
1702:Kantilal Hastimal Sancheti
1687:A. Lakshmanaswami Mudaliar
1571:Basanti Dulal Nagchaudhuri
1561:Kotha Satchidananda Murthy
1348:Pattadakal Venkanna R. Rao
1313:Chakravarthi V. Narasimhan
1308:Sardarilal Mathradas Nanda
771:"National Portal of India"
505:Laxmanshastri Balaji Joshi
461:Sahitya Akademi Fellowship
459:In 1989, Joshi received a
421:Samiksha Ani Rasa-Siddhant
348:(वैदिक संस्कृतीचा विकास).
332:In 1954, he presided over
172:Sahitya Akademi Fellowship
120:• Compiling 20 volumes of
2704:20th-century Indian poets
2664:Scholars from Maharashtra
2588:
2262:Raghunath Anant Mashelkar
1616:Hormasji Maneckji Seervai
1238:Dattatraya Shridhar Joshi
947:Semmangudi Srinivasa Iyer
415:Waidik Sanskruticha Wikas
398:Vaidik Sanskriticha Vikas
346:Waidik Sanskruticha Wikas
340:. In 1955, he received a
46:
2684:Marathi-language writers
2649:Indian Sanskrit scholars
2560:Prithvi Raj Singh Oberoi
2413:Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay
2377:S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan
2302:Venkatraman Ramakrishnan
1974:Balasaheb Gangadhar Kher
1363:Khusro Faramurz Rustamji
1132:Umayalpuram K. Sivaraman
334:Marathi Sahitya Sammelan
1717:Vithal Nagesh Shirodkar
1052:Benode Behari Mukherjee
585:Nambiar, Nisha (2010).
124:(Marathi Encyclopaedia)
2714:Poets from Maharashtra
2217:Rajagopala Chidambaram
2064:Naryana Raghvan Pillai
1994:Hirendranath Mukherjee
1979:Akhlaqur Rahman Kidwai
1859:Chandra Kisan Daphtary
1804:Montek Singh Ahluwalia
1727:Brihaspati Dev Triguna
1511:Lakshman Shastri Joshi
1501:John Kenneth Galbraith
1476:Suniti Kumar Chatterji
1343:C. R. Krishnaswamy Rao
1188:Jayanto Nath Chaudhuri
1087:Akkineni Nageswara Rao
877:S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
186:Lakshman Shastri Joshi
126:• First to be awarded
41:Lakshman Shastri Joshi
2550:N. R. Narayana Murthy
2372:Narinder Singh Kapany
2332:Udupi Ramachandra Rao
2169:Jigme Dorji Wangchuck
2089:Ghulam Mohammed Sadiq
2049:Hari Vinayak Pataskar
1874:Anthony Lancelot Dias
1844:Mirza Hameedullah Beg
1722:Prakash Narain Tandon
1333:Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit
1223:Hafiz Mohamad Ibrahim
1173:Bimala Prasad Chaliha
699:Sahitya Akademi Award
693:31 March 2009 at the
432:Recognition and death
411:Other works include:
342:Sahitya Akademi Award
258:. In Wai, he studied
235:Early life and family
221:Sahitya Akademi Award
162:Sahitya Akademi Award
128:Sahitya Akademi Award
71:27 May 1994 (aged 93)
47:लक्ष्मण शास्त्री जोशी
18:Lakshmanshastri Joshi
2530:Ashok Sekhar Ganguly
2453:Mary Clubwala Jadhav
2282:Rajendra K. Pachauri
2252:Daulat Singh Kothari
2237:A. P. J. Abdul Kalam
2159:M. N. Venkatachaliah
2154:Atal Bihari Vajpayee
1984:Jivraj Narayan Mehta
1894:P. B. Gajendragadkar
1824:Madhav Shrihari Aney
1656:Bashir Hussain Zaidi
1481:D. P. Chattopadhyaya
1456:V. S. R. Arunachalam
1428:Arun Shridhar Vaidya
1368:Harish Chandra Sarin
1303:A. Ramasamy Mudaliar
1243:Ajudhiya Nath Khosla
1213:Jyotindra Nath Dixit
1057:Hrishikesh Mukherjee
1037:Kelucharan Mohapatra
982:Yamini Krishnamurthy
912:Adoor Gopalakrishnan
892:Hariprasad Chaurasia
867:M. Balamuralikrishna
336:, which was held in
2525:Ghanshyam Das Birla
2179:Mulayam Singh Yadav
2079:Ravi Narayana Reddy
2039:Nanabhoy Palkhivala
1989:V. K. Krishna Menon
1939:Murli Manohar Joshi
1904:Ismaïl Omar Guelleh
1884:Kazi Lhendup Dorjee
1879:Uma Shankar Dikshit
1829:Parkash Singh Badal
1697:Autar Singh Paintal
1521:Dhondo Keshav Karve
1466:Satyendra Nath Bose
1438:Narinder Nath Vohra
1408:Lallan Prasad Singh
1092:Kaloji Narayana Rao
1042:Raghunath Mohapatra
977:Ghulam Mustafa Khan
248:tahsil sakri, Dhule
209:Indian independence
207:, and supporter of
145:Satyawati Mulherkar
2545:Anil Manibhai Naik
2513:Trade and industry
2287:Benjamin Peary Pal
2247:Har Gobind Khorana
2084:Y. Venugopal Reddy
1924:Lakshmi Chand Jain
1914:V. R. Krishna Iyer
1753:Sunderlal Bahuguna
1672:Jasbir Singh Bajaj
1551:Sitakant Mahapatra
1323:Bhairab Dutt Pande
1263:Pratap Chandra Lal
1137:M. S. Subbulakshmi
1017:Mallikarjun Mansur
777:on 31 January 2009
751:on 15 October 2015
710:Ray, N.R. (1990).
697:Official Site for
560:Ray, N.R. (1990).
327:University of Pune
122:Marathi Vishwakosh
2709:Indian male poets
2626:
2625:
2489:Viswanathan Anand
2448:Veerendra Heggade
2428:Nirmala Deshpande
2418:Durgabai Deshmukh
2403:Janaki Devi Bajaj
2367:M. S. Swaminathan
1819:Adarsh Sein Anand
1773:Vishwesha Teertha
1737:Dilip Mahalanabis
1631:Govindbhai Shroff
1626:Kalu Lal Shrimali
1531:Radheshyam Khemka
1413:Balaram Sivaraman
1283:Mohan Sinha Mehta
1142:K. G. Subramanyan
1077:K. Shankar Pillai
1032:Chhannulal Mishra
640:978-81-7154-807-1
454:Bombay University
244:Deshastha Brahmin
183:
182:
16:(Redirected from
2731:
2616:
2615:
2606:
2605:
2596:
2570:Prathap C. Reddy
2520:Dhirubhai Ambani
2504:Sachin Tendulkar
2443:Valerian Gracias
2362:George Sudarshan
2357:M. R. Srinivasan
2342:Man Mohan Sharma
2307:K. R. Ramanathan
2272:Roddam Narasimha
2267:G. Madhavan Nair
2054:Sunder Lal Patwa
2029:Fali Sam Nariman
2019:Gulzarilal Nanda
2004:Pranab Mukherjee
1949:Mehdi Nawaz Jung
1944:Anerood Jugnauth
1889:George Fernandes
1839:Milon K. Banerji
1758:B. K. S. Iyengar
1526:Gopinath Kaviraj
1506:Sarvepalli Gopal
1461:Jagdish Bhagwati
1373:Binay Ranjan Sen
1318:Braj Kumar Nehru
1278:Om Prakash Mehra
1253:V. Krishnamurthy
1228:H. V. R. Iyengar
1183:T. N. Chaturvedi
1152:Homai Vyarawalla
1147:Kapila Vatsyayan
1127:Shivkumar Sharma
872:T. Balasaraswati
857:Amitabh Bachchan
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773:. Archived from
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2337:Vikram Sarabhai
2277:Jayant Narlikar
2257:Verghese Kurien
2189:
2183:
2139:Kalyan Sundaram
1964:Hans Raj Khanna
1934:Aditya Nath Jha
1899:Benjamin Gilman
1787:
1763:Rambhadracharya
1741:
1732:M. S. Valiathan
1692:S. I. Padmavati
1660:
1636:Khushwant Singh
1621:Rajaram Shastri
1586:P. Parameswaran
1486:Bhabatosh Datta
1448:
1447:Literature and
1442:
1353:V. K. R. V. Rao
1328:Ghananand Pande
1298:Sumati Morarjee
1248:Rai Krishnadasa
1198:Rajeshwar Dayal
1161:
1072:D. K. Pattammal
1007:Lata Mangeshkar
927:Bhupen Hazarika
922:Gangubai Hangal
907:Kumar Gandharva
847:Kishori Amonkar
830:
828:Padma Vibhushan
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695:Wayback Machine
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669:on 10 July 2011
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473:Padma Vibhushan
439:Sahitya Akademi
434:
362:
287:
237:
229:Padma Vibhushan
205:literary critic
177:Padma Vibhushan
175:
170:
165:
125:
99:Alma mater
92:
90:
87:
86:British Indian
78:
72:
63:
56:
55:27 January 1901
42:
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28:
23:
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2199:
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2126:
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2119:Nagendra Singh
2116:
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2104:M. C. Setalvad
2101:
2096:
2094:Lakshmi Sahgal
2091:
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2066:
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2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2014:Venkaiah Naidu
2011:
2006:
2001:
1999:Ajoy Mukherjee
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1954:Ali Yavar Jung
1951:
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1869:C. D. Deshmukh
1866:
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1849:P. N. Bhagwati
1846:
1841:
1836:
1834:Sikander Bakht
1831:
1826:
1821:
1816:
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1809:Aruna Asaf Ali
1806:
1801:
1795:
1793:
1792:Public affairs
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1541:O. N. V. Kurup
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1423:T. Swaminathan
1420:
1415:
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1405:
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1398:Manmohan Singh
1395:
1390:
1388:Harbaksh Singh
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
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1355:
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1338:T. V. Rajeswar
1335:
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1293:Brajesh Mishra
1290:
1288:M. G. K. Menon
1285:
1280:
1275:
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1255:
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1233:Bhola Nath Jha
1230:
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1178:Naresh Chandra
1175:
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1047:Jasraj Motiram
1044:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1012:Sonal Mansingh
1009:
1004:
1002:Kishan Maharaj
999:
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
972:Bismillah Khan
969:
967:Allauddin Khan
964:
962:Amjad Ali Khan
959:
957:Ali Akbar Khan
954:
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842:Ebrahim Alkazi
838:
836:
832:
831:
822:
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805:
797:
789:
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762:
739:"Padma Awards"
727:
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433:
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418:Wichara-Shilpa
416:
408:into Marathi.
378:dharma-shastra
361:
358:
311:Mahatma Gandhi
286:
283:
236:
233:
217:untouchability
213:Mahatma Gandhi
181:
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2575:J. R. D. Tata
2573:
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2555:M. Narasimham
2553:
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2232:Anil Kakodkar
2230:
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2225:
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2198:
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2174:S. M. Krishna
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
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2160:
2157:
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2147:
2145:
2144:Sushma Swaraj
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2134:Soli Sorabjee
2132:
2130:
2129:Walter Sisulu
2127:
2125:
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2110:
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2032:
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2027:
2025:
2024:Govind Narain
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2009:Padmaja Naidu
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
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1854:Raja Chelliah
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1705:
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1601:C. Rangarajan
1599:
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1594:
1592:
1591:Amrita Pritam
1589:
1587:
1584:
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1581:R. K. Narayan
1579:
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1576:Bal Ram Nanda
1574:
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1514:
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1271:
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1191:
1189:
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1166:Civil service
1164:
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1157:K. J. Yesudas
1155:
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1028:
1027:Mario Miranda
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
997:Birju Maharaj
995:
993:
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988:
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
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968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
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952:Bhimsen Joshi
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
937:Zakir Hussain
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
917:Satish Gujral
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
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900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
887:Nandalal Bose
885:
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829:
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811:
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447:Padma Bhushan
443:
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431:
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420:
417:
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391:
387:
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382:Anand-Mimamsa
379:
375:
371:
367:
359:
357:
355:
349:
347:
344:for his work
343:
339:
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330:
328:
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318:
316:
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308:
305:, he learned
304:
303:Vinobha Bhave
300:
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265:
261:
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256:Krishna River
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232:
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225:Padma Bhushan
222:
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167:Padma Bhushan
163:
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109:Occupation(s)
107:
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97:
85:
81:
77:
70:
66:
61:
54:
50:
45:
38:
33:
30:
27:Indian writer
19:
2438:U. N. Dhebar
2433:Mohan Dharia
2322:C. N. R. Rao
2312:Raja Ramanna
2188:Science and
2124:Swaran Singh
2109:Kalyan Singh
2099:P. A. Sangma
2059:Sharad Pawar
2044:K. Parasaran
2034:Hosei Norota
1959:Vijay Kelkar
1929:Arun Jaitley
1909:Zakir Husain
1799:L. K. Advani
1768:Ravi Shankar
1510:
1403:Tarlok Singh
1393:Kirpal Singh
1203:Basanti Devi
1193:Suranjan Das
1122:V. Shantaram
1117:Ravi Shankar
1112:Uday Shankar
1107:Zohra Sehgal
1097:Satyajit Ray
992:R. K. Laxman
932:M. F. Husain
779:. Retrieved
775:the original
765:
753:. Retrieved
746:the original
718:. Retrieved
712:
705:
683:
671:. Retrieved
667:the original
656:
644:. Retrieved
629:
621:
612:
603:
591:. Retrieved
580:
568:. Retrieved
562:
555:
546:
541:
535:
517:Gowalia Tank
511:
504:
491:
478:
471:
469:
458:
451:
444:
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345:
331:
319:
288:
266:
238:
227:in 1973 and
198:Hindu Dharma
192:scholar, of
185:
184:
37:Tarkateertha
36:
29:
2644:1994 deaths
2639:1901 births
2618:WikiProject
2565:Azim Premji
2386:Social work
2297:I. G. Patel
2197:V. K. Aatre
2190:engineering
2114:Karan Singh
2074:N. G. Ranga
2069:Sri Prakasa
1969:V. N. Khare
1783:B. V. Doshi
1677:B. K. Goyal
1556:John Mathai
1433:Dharma Vira
1383:Arjan Singh
1378:Homi Sethna
1358:Bipin Rawat
1067:Ram Narayan
1062:Rajinikanth
1022:Zubin Mehta
987:Dilip Kumar
942:Ilaiyaraaja
902:Girija Devi
897:Chiranjeevi
882:Asha Bhosle
852:Prabha Atre
781:1 September
673:1 September
370:Dharmakosha
269:and Indian
93:(1947-1994)
88:(1901-1947)
83:Nationality
58:Pimpalner,
2633:Categories
2580:Ratan Tata
2463:Usha Mehta
1611:Ramoji Rao
1471:Tara Chand
1268:K. B. Lall
1218:M. S. Gill
1208:P. N. Dhar
1102:S. H. Raza
862:Teejan Bai
824:Recipients
527:References
406:Upanishads
360:Literature
354:Vishwakosh
271:philosophy
2669:Gandhians
2393:Baba Amte
2317:C. R. Rao
2202:Salim Ali
1814:Fazal Ali
1712:V. Shanta
1596:K. N. Raj
1449:education
720:20 August
646:7 October
593:20 August
570:20 August
497:Devanagri
483:Footnotes
456:in 1975.
338:New Delhi
322:M. N. Roy
2608:Category
2499:Mary Kom
2408:Mirabehn
2292:Yash Pal
1919:Jagmohan
1864:Niren De
1665:Medicine
1606:Raja Rao
691:Archived
315:Shastras
260:Sanskrit
231:in 1992
200:, and a
194:Sanskrit
150:Children
1536:Kuvempu
755:21 July
501:Marathi
465:Akademi
394:Jadawad
307:English
295:British
291:Brahmin
241:Marathi
202:Marathi
158:Honours
91:Indian
76:Krishna
62:, India
2598:Portal
2482:Sports
637:
374:dharma
299:dharma
285:Career
267:dharma
190:Indian
179:(1992)
174:(1989)
169:(1973)
164:(1955)
142:Spouse
1746:Other
749:(PDF)
742:(PDF)
264:Hindu
134:Works
60:Dhule
835:Arts
783:2008
757:2015
722:2017
675:2008
648:2011
635:ISBN
595:2017
572:2017
376:and
68:Died
52:Born
826:of
386:Ras
279:IBM
252:Wai
2635::
730:^
262:,
211:.
196:,
816:e
809:t
802:v
785:.
759:.
724:.
677:.
650:.
625:*
597:.
574:.
153:4
20:)
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