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have all disappeared...The town occupies a rocky promontory...Including the port, its area was ca. 220 ha...A wide avenue, bordered with porticos in Roman times, ran N-S across the town, from the tip of the peninsula to the gate where the road to
Antioch started; perpendicular to this, three colonnaded streets ran from E to W. The one to the N was centered on the entry to the citadel on the high hill to the NE. The central one came from the E gate, where the Apamea road reached the city. The street today is occupied by the great souk, where there is still an alignment of 13 monolithic granite columns. A tetrapylon marked the crossing of this thoroughfare with the N-S avenue. The S street began at the port and ended to the E at the long steep hill to the SE, where a monumental four-way arch, erroneously called a tetrapylon, closed off the view. This arch consists of four semicircular arches, one on each side, supporting a stone cupola. Columns engaged in pilasters serve as buttresses at the corners of the four masonry moles. Not far away, inside a mosque, is the corner of a Corinthian peristyle, with capitals and entablature. Virtually nothing remains of the theater, which was built against the SE hill and whose cavea had a diameter of ca. 100 m. Princeton:
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There are few remains of what was a rich and well-built town (Strab. 16.2.9): colonnades, a monumental arch, sarcophagi, all within the modern town. The sanctuaries, public baths, amphitheater, hippodrome, mentioned by ancient authors or by Greek inscriptions, and the rampart gates depicted on coins,
345:(exemption from empire taxation) to Laodicea, that was later called a "Roman Colonia". Under Septimius Severus the city was fortified and was made for a few years the capital of Roman Syria: in this period Laodicea grew to be a city of nearly 40,000 inhabitants and had even an hippodrome.
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was located in the coastal area where the modern port of
Latakia is, known to the Greeks as Leukê Aktê or "white coast". Laodicea got its name when was first founded in the fourth century BC under the rule of the
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The city enjoyed a huge economic prosperity thanks to the wine produced in the hills around the port and exported to all the empire. The city was famous because of the textile products.
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was stationed in the city, which served as its winter quarters, before being joined to a larger army assembled to quell the rebellion in neighboring
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visited
Laodicea and converted the first Christians in the city. Slowly the bishops of Laodicea grew in importance but were always under the
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and there were many bishops of
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declared the city "free polis". Some Roman merchants moved to live in the city under
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For the
Freedom of Zion: the Great Revolt of Jews against Romans, 66-74 CE
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population lived in
Laodicea during the first century. During the
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may be in need of reorganization to comply with
Knowledge's
553:. New Haven: Yale University Press. pp. 22, 162, 540.
667:"The Eusebian Alliance: the Case of Theodotus of Laodicea"
367:
An earthquake damaged the city in 494 AD and successively
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gave the title "Metropolis" to the city, and allowed the
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made
Laodicea the capital of the Byzantine province of "
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of
Laodicea in the 4th century, when the city was fully
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After George there were two rival bishops in
Laodicea:
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Christianity was the main religion in the city after
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435:(c. 268 – 282/283), a native of Alexandria in Egypt
1466:Populated places disestablished in the 7th century
1461:Populated places established in the 4th century BC
310:Classical Statue at the National Museum of Latakia
480:, bishop by 394, deposed in 404, restored in 416
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412:Heliodorus, became bishop during the reign of
56:to make improvements to the overall structure.
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406:Thelymidres (fl. 250–251), bishop during the
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255:along with all of Syria in 64 BCE and later
1491:Archaeological sites in Latakia Governorate
622:International Dictionary of Historic Places
403:, traditionally considered the first bishop
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251:conquered the city from the Armenian king
224:). The city was subsequently ruled by the
72:Learn how and when to remove this message
1486:Populated places of the Byzantine Empire
731:. Publisher I.B.Tauris. New York, 2009
234:
27:Hellenistic coastal city, modern Latakia
812:With correspondence to modern geography
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191:Map showing Laodicea during Roman times
713:Getty Publications. Los Angeles, 2003
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596:"LAODICEA - JewishEncyclopedia.com"
390:. The most important bishops were:
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463:Pelagius (360–381/394), an Arian
438:Stephen, apostasized during the
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1481:Roman towns and cities in Syria
469:(c. 360 – c. 392), founded the
364:but with a few remaining Jews.
333:In 194 AD, during the reign of
230:the Arab conquest of that city
1:
711:Roman Syria and the Near East
549:Rogers, Guy MacLean (2021).
512:Burns, Ross (30 June 2009).
397:(1st century), mentioned in
1433:UNESCO World Heritage Sites
880:Ulpia Traiana Sarmizegetusa
729:Monuments of Syria: A Guide
616:Noelle Watson, ed. (1996),
515:Monuments of Syria: A Guide
425:(died c. 268), a native of
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1440:Legacy of the Roman Empire
155:, near the modern city of
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102:35.51892275°N 35.7766297°E
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665:Mark DelCogliano (2008),
535:– via Google Books.
221:
440:Diocletianic persecution
212:in honor of his mother,
171:, it was the capital of
1435:; Proposed; in Danger
1229:Palestinian territories
759:Apollinaris of Laodicea
448:(303/313 – c. 335), an
419:Socrates (died. c. 264)
107:35.51892275; 35.7766297
975:Aelia Augusta Aeclanum
320:First Jewish–Roman War
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754:Theodorias (province)
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159:. It was also called
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686:10.1515/ZAC.2008.017
624:, Fitzroy Dearborn,
486:Maximus (around 458)
457:(died 359), an Arian
388:Patriarch of Antioch
179:from 528 to 637 AD.
379:Bishops of Laodicea
222:Λαοδίκεια ἡ Πάραλος
98: /
54:editing the article
1501:Seleucus I Nicator
1256:: Emmaus Nicopolis
1239:: Aelia Capitolina
1051:Of legion veterans
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890:Gallia Lugdunensis
854:Britannia Inferior
826:Britannia Superior
483:Macarius (429-451)
414:Trebonianus Gallus
408:Decian persecution
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1173:Possible colonies
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926:Germania Inferior
560:978-0-300-24813-5
339:Septimius Severus
169:Septimius Severus
161:Laodicea in Syria
122:Septimius Severus
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1323:: Heliopolis
1216:modern names
1164:Dura-Europos
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804:Ancient Rome
728:
727:Ross Burns.
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599:. Retrieved
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578:. Retrieved
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529:. Retrieved
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149:Roman Empire
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1245:: Ptolemais
939:Mogontiacum
872:Roman Dacia
834:Camulodunum
369:Justinian I
232:in 636 AD.
173:Roman Syria
151:in ancient
105: /
1455:Categories
1438:See also:
1413:: Seleucia
1376:: Laodicea
1262:: Neronias
1109:Heliopolis
1013:Singidunum
990:Mediolanum
737:0857714899
719:0892367156
427:Alexandria
384:Saint Paul
373:Theodorias
314:A sizable
295:, king of
265:Roman road
247:The Roman
239:Temple of
197:Phoenician
93:35°46′36″E
90:35°31′08″N
1407:: Antioch
1388:: Palmyra
1317:: Berytus
1237:Jerusalem
1073:Ptolemais
995:Placentia
985:Florentia
844:Londinium
694:170414251
618:"Latakia"
446:Theodotus
442:(303–313)
433:Anatolius
416:(251–253)
362:Christian
141:port city
137:Λαοδίκεια
124:in AD 193
1411:Samandağ
1358:Damascus
1354:: Bostra
1292:: Gerasa
1286:: Gadara
1284:Umm Qais
1205:Neronias
1154:Neapolis
1119:Damascus
1099:Seleucia
1089:Laodicea
949:Hispania
898:Lugdunum
862:Eboracum
800:Colonies
743:See also
478:Elpidius
429:in Egypt
423:Eusebius
301:Severian
277:Damascus
269:Anatolia
261:Augustus
199:city of
167:. Under
139:) was a
129:Laodicea
62:May 2021
1496:Latakia
1405:Antakya
1374:Latakia
1370:: Emesa
1335:: Tyrus
1329:: Sidon
1321:Baalbek
1301:Lebanon
1226:and the
1185:Ascalon
1139:Sebaste
1114:Palmyra
1094:Antioch
1058:Berytus
764:Antioch
749:Berytus
601:11 June
580:11 June
531:11 June
303:times.
273:Berytus
271:toward
241:Bacchus
214:Laodice
201:Ramitha
183:History
157:Latakia
147:of the
145:colonia
1397:Turkey
1386:Tadmur
1380:Shahba
1315:Beirut
1290:Jerash
1271:Jordan
1260:Banias
1224:Israel
1195:Gadara
1190:Gerasa
1144:Bostra
1043:Levant
1005:Moesia
967:Italia
818:Europe
735:
717:
692:
628:
557:
522:
455:George
358:bishop
328:Judaea
316:Jewish
297:Judaea
228:until
226:Romans
1352:Bosra
1344:Syria
1327:Saida
1279:Petra
1254:Imwas
1149:Petra
1134:Tyrus
1129:Sidon
1104:Emesa
690:S2CID
670:(PDF)
500:Notes
489:Nicia
450:Arian
293:Herod
218:Greek
153:Syria
1368:Homs
1333:Tyre
1309:Arqa
1243:Acre
1180:Gaza
733:ISBN
715:ISBN
626:ISBN
603:2016
582:2016
555:ISBN
533:2016
520:ISBN
400:Acts
356:was
275:and
195:The
802:of
682:doi
163:or
1457::
688:,
678:12
676:,
672:,
639:^
620:,
541:^
330:.
322:,
220::
135::
792:e
785:t
778:v
724:)
721:(
697:.
684::
605:.
584:.
563:.
216:(
131:(
75:)
69:(
64:)
60:(
50:.
20:)
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