558:
211:
592:
234:. Not all the district unions joined and a further meeting was arranged in Wigan later in the year. The federation was plagued with rivalries, between different areas and the personalities that emerged in its leadership. In the aftermath of the strike, funds were exhausted and its organisation chaotic.
193:
which prohibited all females and boys under ten from working underground. The association had 100,000 members and was involved in lobbying parliament to prevent persecution by tyrannical employers. The association, initially strongest in
Yorkshire and the North-East, held a public meeting at Kersal
149:
Colliery owners fended off unions until well into the 19th century and trade unionism was slow to take a hold on the
Lancashire Coalfield. Wages were poor and employers arbitrarily fined men for minor reasons, disallowed wages on false pretexts and victimised perceived radicals. Bonds, a system of
194:
in 1843 that was attended by 150 miners. Its general-secretary, David
Swallow, considered the Lancashire miners to be among the worst paid in the country and attempted to address miners in Westhoughton, but the mineowners, including William Hulton, prevented him from holding a meeting.
202:. Opposition from the coal owners did not prevent the association recruiting members and 98 lodges were formed in Lancashire and Cheshire by October 1843. Lancashire miners were poorly paid compared with other coalfields and antagonisms arose between the workers and the union.
528:(MFGB) the following year. Of the fifty delegates at the Newport meeting at which the MFGB was formed, 19 of the 50 delegates were from Lancashire. In 1897, some small affiliates merged into the central organisation, which began representing their former members directly.
173:
with headquarters in Bolton. The organisation was based on local branches with delegates attending quarterly meetings. The coal owners were not sympathetic and when the men went on strike to assert their right to organise,
1390:
178:
issued a pamphlet condemning his workforce who he considered had: "wantonly injured me to the fll limits of your ability, in my purse, and you have much farther wounded my feelings".
2036:
150:
hiring that legally tied miners to their job for a year, were used to enforce discipline. Miners protested about poor wages in 1757 when bread prices rose and some marched from
158:
ordered troops to be ready to quell unrest. Long strikes were unsustainable as the miners had no organisation or finances to back them. The first miners' association was the
1809:
2071:
262:
1814:
1383:
568:
Membership rose rapidly, reaching over 70,000 by 1907. In 1913 Thomas
Greenall, President and Thomas Ashton, Secretary, laid foundation stones in Bridgeman Place,
186:
1403:
596:
138:
1363:
1933:
1376:
583:
The
Lancashire miners were not considered as militant as their counterparts on other coalfields but were involved in disputes both locally and nationally.
557:
2066:
1868:
1819:
371:
2051:
1954:
1923:
1878:
1938:
1914:
1909:
1859:
1399:
218:
The
Lancashire and Cheshire Miners' Federation was founded in 1881 in the aftermath of a bitter seven-week strike that was frequently violent.
109:
1368:
1899:
1854:
1839:
1321:
1299:
1268:
1250:
580:
were admitted as members of the
Federation after the first World War although work at collieries was considered an unsuitable job for women.
2010:
539:
1893:
1863:
1142:
182:
1928:
1888:
1990:
1904:
1562:
1443:
603:
562:
525:
45:
1788:
1344:
1232:
1214:
630:
551:
1959:
1883:
1829:
1824:
607:
591:
1964:
1943:
1776:
466:
2046:
1985:
1949:
1873:
1711:
1687:
1550:
1544:
1437:
729:
219:
1804:
860:
210:
169:
Strikes in the first quarter of the 19th century generally failed to improve pay and conditions. In 1830 miners formed the
2061:
2041:
1834:
1782:
1693:
1604:
1580:
1473:
1461:
185:
was established at a meeting in
Wakefield in 1842 and lasted for seven years. It supported the commission headed by Lord
2031:
1491:
750:
687:
672:
663:
494:
2056:
1747:
1699:
1598:
744:
654:
2000:
1995:
1980:
1844:
17:
1770:
1670:
1610:
1574:
1556:
1455:
1425:
786:
238:
was elected the miners' agent and needed to unite the districts so that the fledgling union did not disintegrate.
1918:
1093:
1082:
573:
1333:
1526:
636:
531:
235:
195:
162:
formed in
Pemberton, Wigan in 1794. It was described as a friendly society to avoid prosecution under the
543:
231:
227:
130:
1658:
535:
190:
550:
was appointed agent of the LCMF in 1901 and, sponsored by the federation, fought for and won the
547:
134:
1616:
1340:
1317:
1295:
1264:
1246:
1228:
1210:
223:
1729:
1628:
1419:
780:
239:
163:
1735:
1497:
1277:
Hill, J (1981), "The
Lancashire Miners, Thomas Greenall and the Labour Party, 1900–1906",
642:
2005:
1640:
1532:
1431:
1310:
1288:
577:
175:
155:
242:, secretary and agent for the Tyldesley Miners' Association, was its first treasurer.
2025:
1753:
1723:
1088:
1717:
1705:
1664:
1634:
1622:
1592:
1586:
1568:
1538:
1509:
1479:
1467:
1449:
524:
In 1888, the union called a national conference, which led to the formation of the
166:
and in the early-19th century there were 21 such societies in central Lancashire.
866:
1485:
756:
696:
648:
126:
1652:
1503:
154:
towards Manchester in protest, but were turned back. When trouble flared, the
199:
1083:"Miners' National Conference at Newport. Formation of a Miners' Federation"
606:
in 1945, the LCMF became its Lancashire area. In 1963, this absorbed the
198:
employed 1,300 workers, paying them little more than if they were in the
1279:
Transactions of the Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire, vol.130
1359:
569:
151:
72:
214:
The Lancashire and Cheshire Miners Federation headquarters in Bolton
590:
556:
209:
1335:
By the Sweat of Their Brow: Women Workers at Victorian Coal Mines
989:
987:
985:
952:
950:
948:
546:, by far the most important miners' union to join at that time.
1372:
983:
981:
979:
977:
975:
973:
971:
969:
967:
965:
572:
for stone and brick headquarters designed by Bolton architects
618:
1028:
1026:
923:
921:
919:
917:
915:
913:
911:
909:
907:
230:
that led to the merger of several district unions on the
1113:
1111:
137:
from 1881 until it became the Lancashire area of the
18:
Lancashire Area of the National Union of Mineworkers
1973:
1797:
1762:
1679:
1518:
1411:
105:
95:
79:
67:
59:
51:
41:
1332:
1309:
1287:
1081:
1281:, The Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire
561:Miners outside Tyldesley Miners Hall during the
1205:Carter, Peter; Smethurst, John B., eds. (2013),
425:St Helens Colliery District Federation of Miners
412:Radcliffe, Bury and Kearsley Miners' Association
183:Miners' Association of Great Britain and Ireland
1056:
1044:
1005:
956:
1207:Historical Directory of Trade Unions: Volume 6
263:Ashton, Haydock and Bolton Miners' Trade Union
187:Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 7th Earl of Shaftesbury
2037:National Union of Mineworkers (Great Britain)
1384:
1188:Stephen Catterall, "Hammond, James ('Jim')",
8:
1364:Modern Records Centre, University of Warwick
29:
1312:Historical Directory of Trade Unions, vol.6
1290:Historical Directory of Trade Unions, vol.2
331:Hindley Miners' Improvement Benefit Society
1391:
1377:
1369:
399:Pemberton and District Miners' Association
244:
119:Lancashire and Cheshire Miners' Federation
36:Lancashire and Cheshire Miners' Federation
28:
1068:
1032:
1017:
993:
939:
927:
898:
886:
847:
835:
823:
453:Standish and District Miners' Association
439:Skelmersdale District Miners' Association
2072:Trade unions based in Greater Manchester
1261:Coal Mining in Lancashire & Cheshire
816:
542:. In 1903, the union affiliated to the
386:Oldham and District Miners' Association
292:Aspull and District Miners' Association
1308:Marsh, Arthur; Ryan, Victoria (2009),
1286:Marsh, Arthur; Ryan, Victoria (1984),
1176:
1144:Grand old building needs plenty of TLC
1117:
345:Leigh and District Miners' Association
865:, University of Paris, archived from
610:and was renamed the North West Area.
278:Ashton-under-Lyne Miners' Association
226:area, organised a meeting at the old
7:
1164:
1129:
1400:Miners' Federation of Great Britain
554:seat at the 1906 General Election.
110:Miners' Federation of Great Britain
1225:The Lancashire and Cheshire Miners
526:Miners Federation of Great Britain
372:North Stafford Miners' Association
25:
1243:Lancashire and the New Liberalism
2067:Trade unions established in 1881
1360:Catalogue of LCMF annual reports
482:Westhoughton Miners' Association
544:Labour Representation Committee
171:Friendly Society of Coal Mining
2052:1881 establishments in England
1339:, Routledge & Kegan Paul,
1245:, Cambridge University Press,
1190:Dictionary of Labour Biography
358:Manchester Miners' Association
1:
1820:Colliery Officials and Staffs
1404:National Union of Mineworkers
604:National Union of Mineworkers
595:Badge of the North West Area
467:Tyldesley Miners' Association
305:Bank Hall Miners' Association
139:National Union of Mineworkers
46:National Union of Mineworkers
318:Blackrod Miners' Association
1223:Challinor, Raymond (1972),
1057:Carter & Smethurst 2013
1045:Carter & Smethurst 2013
1006:Carter & Smethurst 2013
957:Carter & Smethurst 2013
602:After the formation of the
510:Worsley Miners' Association
2088:
1094:British Newspaper Archive
574:Bradshaw, Gass & Hope
495:Wigan Miners' Association
34:
1331:John, Angela V. (1984),
1850:Lancashire and Cheshire
189:and the passing of the
160:Brotherly Union Society
2047:Politics of Lancashire
1316:, Ashgate Publishing,
1294:, Ashgate Publishing,
1209:, Ashgate Publishing,
704:1970s: Bernard Donaghy
599:
565:
215:
1259:Davies, Alan (2010),
1241:Clarke, P.F. (2007),
1192:, vol.XIV, pp.145–159
1033:Marsh & Ryan 2009
1018:Marsh & Ryan 2009
994:Marsh & Ryan 1984
740:1927: Peter Pemberton
710:1989: Steven Sullivan
659:1945: Laurence Plover
594:
560:
540:1892 general election
213:
129:that operated on the
2062:Mining in Lancashire
2042:Politics of Cheshire
1939:Mid and West Lothian
1934:Mid and East Lothian
1798:Affiliates and areas
791:1913: Harry Roughley
587:Post nationalisation
232:Lancashire Coalfield
228:Manchester Town Hall
196:Lord Francis Egerton
131:Lancashire Coalfield
2032:Mining trade unions
1869:North Staffordshire
1680:General Secretaries
996:, pp. 201–258.
862:The Mines Act, 1842
723:General Secretaries
713:1990s: Paul Hardman
668:1949: Charles Tyrer
563:1926 general strike
534:, was elected as a
222:, secretary of the
191:Coal Mines Act 1842
31:
2057:Mining in Cheshire
1096:. 27 November 1889
764:1990s: Billy Kelly
692:1967: Leo Crossley
683:1958: Leo Crossley
600:
566:
257:Membership (year)
216:
135:North West England
2019:
2018:
1323:978-0-7546-6683-7
1301:978-0-566-02161-9
1270:978-1-84868-488-1
1252:978-0-521-03557-6
1147:, The Bolton News
803:
802:
761:1986: Roy Jackson
707:1980s: Frank King
677:1953: J. Unsworth
522:
521:
224:Ashton-under-Lyne
115:
114:
71:Bridgeman Place,
16:(Redirected from
2079:
1955:South Derbyshire
1924:Fife and Kinross
1860:Midland Counties
1393:
1386:
1379:
1370:
1349:
1338:
1326:
1315:
1304:
1293:
1282:
1273:
1255:
1237:
1227:, Frank Graham,
1219:
1193:
1186:
1180:
1174:
1168:
1162:
1156:
1155:
1154:
1152:
1139:
1133:
1127:
1121:
1115:
1106:
1105:
1103:
1101:
1085:
1078:
1072:
1066:
1060:
1054:
1048:
1042:
1036:
1030:
1021:
1015:
1009:
1003:
997:
991:
960:
954:
943:
937:
931:
925:
902:
896:
890:
884:
878:
877:
876:
874:
857:
851:
850:, pp. 26–27
845:
839:
833:
827:
826:, pp. 20–22
821:
781:Robert Isherwood
631:Thomas Aspinwall
619:
245:
240:Robert Isherwood
164:Combination Acts
88:
42:Merged into
32:
21:
2087:
2086:
2082:
2081:
2080:
2078:
2077:
2076:
2022:
2021:
2020:
2015:
1969:
1910:Nottinghamshire
1793:
1758:
1675:
1519:Vice-Presidents
1514:
1407:
1397:
1356:
1347:
1330:
1324:
1307:
1302:
1285:
1276:
1271:
1258:
1253:
1240:
1235:
1222:
1217:
1204:
1196:
1187:
1183:
1175:
1171:
1163:
1159:
1150:
1148:
1141:
1140:
1136:
1128:
1124:
1116:
1109:
1099:
1097:
1080:
1079:
1075:
1067:
1063:
1055:
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1043:
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1031:
1024:
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992:
963:
955:
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905:
897:
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885:
881:
872:
870:
869:on 21 July 2011
859:
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701:1971: E. Dooley
643:Thomas Greenall
616:
608:Cumberland Area
589:
208:
147:
98:
91:
86:
37:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2085:
2083:
2075:
2074:
2069:
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2039:
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1354:External links
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1169:
1167:, p. 227.
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1069:Challinor 1972
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1059:, p. 521.
1049:
1047:, p. 519.
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1361:
1358:
1357:
1353:
1348:
1346:0-7102-0142-7
1342:
1337:
1336:
1329:
1325:
1319:
1314:
1313:
1306:
1303:
1297:
1292:
1291:
1284:
1280:
1275:
1272:
1266:
1262:
1257:
1254:
1248:
1244:
1239:
1236:
1234:0-902833-54-5
1230:
1226:
1221:
1218:
1216:1-4094-8031-3
1212:
1208:
1203:
1202:
1201:
1200:
1191:
1185:
1182:
1178:
1173:
1170:
1166:
1161:
1158:
1146:
1145:
1138:
1135:
1132:, p. 115
1131:
1126:
1123:
1120:, p. 320
1119:
1114:
1112:
1108:
1095:
1091:
1090:
1089:Leeds Mercury
1084:
1077:
1074:
1071:, p. 193
1070:
1065:
1062:
1058:
1053:
1050:
1046:
1041:
1038:
1034:
1029:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1014:
1011:
1007:
1002:
999:
995:
990:
988:
986:
984:
982:
980:
978:
976:
974:
972:
970:
968:
966:
962:
958:
953:
951:
949:
945:
942:, p. 178
941:
936:
933:
929:
924:
922:
920:
918:
916:
914:
912:
910:
908:
904:
900:
895:
892:
888:
883:
880:
868:
864:
863:
856:
853:
849:
844:
841:
837:
832:
829:
825:
820:
817:
814:
813:
806:
799:
793:
790:
788:
787:Thomas Glover
784:
782:
778:
777:
776:
775:
771:
769:
763:
760:
758:
754:
752:
748:
746:
742:
739:
737:
733:
731:
730:Thomas Ashton
727:
726:
725:
724:
720:
718:
712:
709:
706:
703:
700:
698:
694:
691:
689:
685:
682:
679:
676:
674:
670:
667:
665:
661:
658:
656:
652:
650:
646:
644:
640:
638:
634:
632:
628:
627:
626:
625:
621:
620:
613:
611:
609:
605:
598:
593:
586:
584:
581:
579:
575:
571:
564:
559:
555:
553:
549:
548:Stephen Walsh
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
527:
518:
515:
512:
509:
508:
505:2,000 (1897)
504:
501:
498:
496:
493:
492:
489:
487:
484:
481:
480:
477:3,351 (1907)
476:
473:
470:
468:
465:
464:
460:
458:
455:
452:
451:
447:
444:
441:
438:
437:
433:
430:
427:
424:
423:
420:
417:
414:
411:
410:
406:
404:
401:
398:
397:
393:
391:
388:
385:
384:
381:
378:
375:
373:
370:
369:
366:3,229 (1897)
365:
363:
360:
357:
356:
353:2,400 (1897)
352:
350:
347:
344:
343:
339:
336:
333:
330:
329:
325:
323:
320:
317:
316:
312:
310:
307:
304:
303:
299:
297:
294:
291:
290:
287:3,625 (1897)
286:
283:
280:
277:
276:
273:9,346 (1897)
272:
269:
266:
264:
261:
260:
256:
253:
250:
247:
246:
243:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
220:Thomas Ashton
212:
205:
203:
201:
197:
192:
188:
184:
179:
177:
172:
167:
165:
161:
157:
153:
144:
142:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
111:
108:
104:
101:70,000 (1907)
100:
94:
85:
84:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
47:
44:
40:
33:
27:
19:
1889:Warwickshire
1849:
1741:
1646:
1617:Collindridge
1362:held at the
1334:
1311:
1289:
1278:
1263:, Amberley,
1260:
1242:
1224:
1206:
1199:Bibliography
1198:
1197:
1189:
1184:
1179:, p. 33
1172:
1160:
1149:, retrieved
1143:
1137:
1125:
1098:. Retrieved
1087:
1076:
1064:
1052:
1040:
1013:
1001:
935:
901:, p. 35
894:
889:, p. 31
882:
871:, retrieved
867:the original
861:
855:
843:
838:, p. 26
831:
819:
811:
810:
797:
773:
772:
767:
735:
722:
721:
716:
623:
622:
601:
582:
567:
530:
523:
434:1148 (1897)
248:Member union
217:
180:
170:
168:
159:
148:
122:
118:
116:
106:Affiliations
75:, Lancashire
68:Headquarters
26:
1960:South Wales
1929:Lanarkshire
1905:North Wales
1771:En. Edwards
1706:Eb. Edwards
1569:Eb. Edwards
1450:Eb. Edwards
1426:En. Edwards
1402:(MFGB) and
1177:Davies 2010
1118:Clarke 2007
757:Sid Vincent
751:Joe Gormley
736:Post vacant
697:Sid Vincent
688:Jim Hammond
673:Jim Hammond
664:Jim Hammond
649:John McGurk
461:851 (1897)
448:722 (1897)
407:810 (1897)
394:121 (1897)
340:624 (1898)
326:308 (1897)
313:409 (1911)
300:419 (1897)
127:trade union
2026:Categories
1884:Shropshire
1830:Derbyshire
1825:Cumberland
1789:Richardson
1763:Treasurers
1730:Heathfield
1412:Presidents
807:References
774:Treasurers
745:Edwin Hall
655:Edwin Hall
624:Presidents
538:MP in the
254:Affiliated
206:Federation
145:Background
2011:1984–1985
1965:Yorkshire
1810:Cleveland
1629:Schofield
1165:John 1984
1130:Hill 1981
637:Sam Woods
532:Sam Woods
236:Sam Woods
200:workhouse
141:in 1945.
97:Members
60:Dissolved
1950:Somerset
1944:Stirling
1919:Ayrshire
1915:Scotland
1874:Old Hill
1736:Scargill
1641:Thompson
1623:Bullough
1611:T. Jones
1605:E. Jones
1581:J. Jones
1563:Richards
1498:Scargill
1474:E. Jones
1462:J. Jones
1444:Richards
1151:13 April
1100:26 March
635:c.1890:
614:Officers
125:) was a
80:Location
30:L.C.M.F.
1974:Strikes
1879:Pelsall
1815:Cokemen
1805:Bristol
1777:Abraham
1754:Kitchen
1742:Vacant?
1718:Paynter
1659:Stanley
1635:McGahey
1593:Lawther
1533:Smillie
1492:Gormley
1468:Lawther
1432:Smillie
1420:Pickard
536:Lib-Lab
251:Founded
87:England
52:Founded
1835:Durham
1783:Robson
1712:Horner
1694:Hodges
1688:Ashton
1671:Thomas
1665:Wilson
1647:Vacant
1599:Bowman
1587:Davies
1539:Harvey
1510:Wilson
1504:Lavery
1480:Machen
1343:
1320:
1298:
1267:
1249:
1231:
1213:
873:12 May
798:
785:1905:
779:1881:
755:1971:
749:1960:
743:1945:
734:1919:
728:1881:
695:1968:
686:1962:
671:1952:
662:1946:
653:1944:
647:1929:
641:1906:
629:1881:
570:Bolton
152:Kersal
73:Bolton
1787:1921
1781:1918
1775:1904
1769:1889
1752:2007
1746:2002
1740:1992
1734:1992
1728:1984
1722:1968
1716:1959
1710:1946
1704:1932
1698:1924
1692:1919
1686:1889
1669:2012
1663:2010
1657:2002
1651:1992
1645:1989
1639:1987
1633:1973
1627:1969
1621:1963
1615:1961
1609:1954
1603:1950
1597:1939
1591:1934
1585:1933
1579:1932
1573:1931
1567:1929
1561:1924
1557:Walsh
1555:1922
1551:Smith
1549:1917
1545:House
1543:1914
1537:1912
1531:1909
1527:Woods
1525:1889
1508:2012
1502:2002
1496:1982
1490:1971
1484:1960
1478:1960
1472:1954
1466:1939
1460:1934
1454:1932
1448:1931
1442:1929
1438:Smith
1436:1922
1430:1912
1424:1904
1418:1889
1406:(NUM)
1327:p=515
812:Notes
794:1931:
680:1955:
2006:1974
2001:1972
1996:1969
1991:1926
1986:1912
1981:1893
1845:Kent
1748:Kemp
1724:Daly
1700:Cook
1653:Cave
1486:Ford
1341:ISBN
1318:ISBN
1296:ISBN
1265:ISBN
1247:ISBN
1229:ISBN
1211:ISBN
1153:2011
1102:2016
875:2010
552:Ince
516:1881
513:1863
502:1881
499:1862
485:1877
474:1887
471:1874
456:1862
445:1881
442:1873
431:1881
428:1880
418:1881
415:1879
402:1881
389:1894
379:1883
376:1869
361:1886
348:1878
337:1881
334:1878
321:1881
308:1899
295:1890
284:1881
281:1865
270:1882
267:1882
181:The
123:LCMF
117:The
63:1945
55:1881
1575:Lee
1456:Lee
597:NUM
133:in
2028::
1110:^
1092:.
1086:.
1025:^
964:^
947:^
906:^
576:.
1946:)
1917:(
1896:)
1862:(
1392:e
1385:t
1378:v
1104:.
121:(
20:)
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