Knowledge (XXG)

Avro Lancaster PA278 disappearance

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It was a six-hour flight back to England and normally a maximum of 22 soldiers would be transported home as the internal confines of a Lancaster were not really suitable for passengers. Often the return trip to Italy saw aircraft transporting essential members of services out to Italy.
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William Kennedy sat in his sling seat in the "Mid-Upper" gun turret, but no heating or parachutes were available for them and there was no oxygen supply for passengers so the aircraft flew at 2,000 ft (610 m).
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Nothing further was heard of PA278 or her crew and passengers and no wreckage was sighted during the air-sea rescue operations. On the outward flight every aircraft reported poor weather in the vicinity of
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a widely repeated story is that the news was not released to the press until March 1946, although this is incorrect as on 17 November 1945 it was being reported widely in local newspapers in the UK.
2555: 2443: 2438: 2448: 245:, on 4 October 1945 with its crew of 6 airmen and 19 female service personnel - the worst loss of female British and Commonwealth service personnel from the Second World War to date. 425: 2530: 265:
between June 1944 and September 1945. On completion it was assigned to 103 Sqn of Bomber Command and flew operationally on a number of bombing attacks in March and April 1945.
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under Staff Serjeant Jessie Ellen Semark, Senior Matron Gertrude Irene Sadler of the South African Military Nursing Service and Nursing Sister Jane Simpson Annand Curran, of
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during April 1945, although obviously their bomb aimer was not required and on this occasion the rear gun turret was manned by the squadron gunnery leader
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and return with their passengers the following day or the day after that. Most of the trips were uneventful although squadron records do show that
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On 3 October 1945 the weather was poor and low cloud base precluded flying for much of the day. Eight Lancasters of 103 Sqn were available for
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Richard Steel (flight engineer), leading the second transport aircraft into the air. It carried its crew of six and was scheduled to fly to
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Jack Reardon (navigator) gave the correct course out over the sea but sometime afterwards, approximately 30 miles north-north-west of
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RAF Squadrons, a Comprehensive record of the Movement and Equipment of all RAF Squadrons and their Antecedents since 1912
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PA278 was flown by Geoffrey Taylor's experienced crew who had flown together on some of the last bombing attacks of
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Combat Codes: A full explanation and listing of British, Commonwealth and Allied air force unit codes since 1938
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Norman Robbins (wireless operator) radioed the other aircraft reporting some engine problems and advising that
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starting at 23:30 hours GMT. Two aircraft returned with engine trouble, one crew borrowed an aircraft from
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Squadron histories for nos. 101-105 sqn on RafWeb's Air of Authority - A History of RAF Organisation
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were flown home from Italy and the Central Mediterranean. An embarkation centre was established at
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and took off again at 01:30 hours GMT. Two aircraft, including PA278 "F for Freddie", landed at
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The passengers sat in canvas folding seats down the length of the fuselage beneath where
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Due to the large number of female service personnel lost in the disappearance of PA278
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From 3 August 1945, 103 Sqn was one of the heavy bombers squadrons participating in
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List of fatal accidents and incidents involving Royal Air Force aircraft from 1945
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due to engine failure, on 19 August 1945 and 5 September 1945 respectively.
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several days each week, the aircraft and crews would stop overnight in
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Coastal, Support and Special Squadrons of the RAF and their Aircraft
2128:. London: Macdonald and Jane's (Publishers) Ltd., 2nd edition 1976. 2023:
Mason, Francis K. "The Avro Lancaster". London: Air Britain., 1989.
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The Squadrons of the Royal Air Force & Commonwealth 1918-1988
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Halley, James J. "Lancaster File". London: Air Britain., 1985.
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103 Sqn usually despatched between six and ten aircraft for
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Accidents and incidents involving Royal Air Force aircraft
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National Archives, London. AIR 27/817/11 - 103 Squadron
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Cummings, Colin. "The Price of Peace". Nimbus., 2004.
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National Archives, London. AIR 27/817/8 - 103 Squadron
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Accidents and incidents involving the Avro Lancaster
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to embark passengers who were commencing service in
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PA278 was one of a batch of 265 Lancasters built by
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Queen Alexandra's Imperial Military Nursing Service
200: 192: 184: 176: 168: 158: 144: 134: 124: 114: 104: 99: 91: 77: 69: 54: 49: 1601:"Accident Avro Lancaster Mk I PA278, 04 Oct 1945" 2146:. London: Jane's Publishing Company Ltd., 1982. 2139:Public Record Office AIR 27 103 Squadron files. 479:but noted a flash of flame at 04:40 hours GMT. 2126:Bomber Squadrons of the RAF and their Aircraft 2038:. Cambridge, UK: Patrick Stephens Ltd., 1979. 1838:(Supplement). 11 September 1944. p. 3959. 408:at 00:30 hours GMT on 4 October 1945 flown by 2191: 2034:Bowyer, Michael J.F. and John D.R. Rawlings. 475:. The partner aircraft continued onwards for 393:John Wymark, who had been decorated with the 8: 1705:(Supplement). 10 October 1944. p. 4693. 1685:(Supplement). 23 October 1945. p. 5234. 32: 2531:20th-century history of the Royal Air Force 2053:. London: Goodall Publications Ltd., 1984. 2198: 2184: 2176: 494: 303:was also used for geographic convenience. 38: 31: 2066:Black Swan: A History of 103 Squadron RAF 439:The prescribed route was directly across 2541:Aviation accidents and incidents in 1945 2404:1953 Mediterranean Sea mid-air collision 1940: 1938: 1656:"CWGC details - F/Lt JP Whymark DSO DFC" 401:for his bravery in three tours of duty. 1922:"CWGC details - F/Sgt JA Reardon RAFVR" 1901:"CWGC details - F/Sgt NR Robbins RAFVR" 1505: 1594: 1592: 1590: 1588: 1850:"CWGC details - Sgt WJ Kennedy RAFVR" 7: 1784:"CWGC details - S/Sjt JE Semark ATS" 1717:"CWGC details - F/Lt G Taylor RAFVR" 2419:1956 Scottish Airlines air disaster 1763:"CWGC details - Sgt RA Steel RAFVR" 412:Geoffrey Taylor (pilot), aided by 212:Avro Lancaster PA278 disappearance 33:Avro Lancaster PA278 disappearance 25: 2079:Flintham, Vic and Andrew Thomas. 1495:Operation Exodus (WWII operation) 471:would be turning back to land at 279:in which veteran soldiers of the 2380:1948 Northwood mid-air collision 1440: 1403: 1366: 1329: 1292: 1255: 1218: 1181: 1144: 1106: 1069: 1030: 992: 953: 914: 875: 836: 800: 763: 726: 688: 649: 610: 572: 533: 420:with 17 female soldiers of the 1871:"Reffell Family History - WW2" 1626:"Reffell Family History - WW2" 382:or were returning from leave. 1: 2414:1955 Shackleton disappearance 1459:Auxiliary Territorial Service 1422:Auxiliary Territorial Service 1385:Auxiliary Territorial Service 1348:Auxiliary Territorial Service 1311:Auxiliary Territorial Service 1274:Auxiliary Territorial Service 1237:Auxiliary Territorial Service 1200:Auxiliary Territorial Service 1163:Auxiliary Territorial Service 1126:Auxiliary Territorial Service 1088:Auxiliary Territorial Service 1049:Auxiliary Territorial Service 1010:Auxiliary Territorial Service 972:Auxiliary Territorial Service 933:Auxiliary Territorial Service 894:Auxiliary Territorial Service 855:Auxiliary Territorial Service 422:Auxiliary Territorial Service 18:Lancaster PA278 disappearance 2166:Squadron history on MOD site 1809:www.southafricawargraves.org 783:S A Military Nursing Service 2068:. Newton Publishers, 1989. 395:Distinguished Service Order 44:An Avro Lancaster in flight 2572: 2409:1953 Skyways disappearance 1961:site-closed.wikispaces.com 717:John Percy Whymark DSO DFC 399:Distinguished Flying Cross 230:just after the end of the 2394:1950 Llandow air disaster 1742:www.aircrewremembered.com 1518:www.aircrewremembered.com 322:Francis flying Lancaster 37: 2344:Accidents and incidents 1537:Cummings, (2004). PA278 237:It disappeared over the 58:4 October 1945 2036:Squadron Codes, 1937-56 1988:, 17 November 1945, p.4 1986:Nottingham Evening News 1945:Mentioned in Despatches 1738:"Legacy Page Redirects" 1582:Mason (1989), p.207-209 1514:"Legacy Page Redirects" 601:Norman Reginald Robbins 2429:1959 Air Charter crash 1137:Phyllis Kathleen Bacon 491:Aircrew and passengers 355: 354:A Lancaster in flight. 255:Vickers-Armstrongs Ltd 27:Aircraft disappearance 2482:Notable people/groups 1396:Betty Evelyn Precious 793:Jane Simpson A Curran 756:Gertrude Irene Sadler 353: 2357:1945 Avro York crash 2260:Airliners/transports 2142:Rawlings, John D.R. 1546:Halley (1985), p.114 1174:Barbara Diana Cullen 745:No. 103 Squadron RAF 706:No. 103 Squadron RAF 679:William John Kennedy 668:No. 103 Squadron RAF 640:Richard George Steel 629:No. 103 Squadron RAF 590:No. 103 Squadron RAF 563:Jack Anthony Reardon 552:No. 103 Squadron RAF 404:PA278 took off from 368:No. 100 Squadron RAF 334:both had to land at 224:No. 103 Squadron RAF 129:No. 103 Squadron RAF 2434:1990 Scotland crash 2124:Moyes, Philip J.R. 1605:aviation-safety.net 1573:Mason (1989), p.405 829:Jessie Ellen Semark 216:Avro Lancaster Mk.I 109:Avro Lancaster Mk.I 34: 2424:1958 Dan-Air crash 1875:www.reffell.org.uk 1835:The London Gazette 1702:The London Gazette 1682:The London Gazette 1630:www.reffell.org.uk 1464:Brookwood Memorial 1427:Brookwood Memorial 1390:Brookwood Memorial 1353:Brookwood Memorial 1316:Brookwood Memorial 1279:Brookwood Memorial 1248:Rhoda Alice Fraser 1242:Brookwood Memorial 1205:Brookwood Memorial 1168:Brookwood Memorial 1131:Brookwood Memorial 1093:Brookwood Memorial 1054:Brookwood Memorial 1015:Brookwood Memorial 977:Brookwood Memorial 938:Brookwood Memorial 899:Brookwood Memorial 860:Brookwood Memorial 823:Brookwood Memorial 750:Runnymede Memorial 711:Runnymede Memorial 673:Runnymede Memorial 634:Runnymede Memorial 595:Runnymede Memorial 557:Runnymede Memorial 356: 291:coast of southern 115:Aircraft name 105:Aircraft type 2518: 2517: 2094:Halley, James J. 1881:on 4 January 2019 1636:on 4 January 2019 1469: 1468: 1099:Stefahia Courtman 721:Flight lieutenant 622:Wireless Operator 528:Flight lieutenant 410:Flight lieutenant 391:Flight Lieutenant 362:and took off for 295:. An airfield at 287:airfield, on the 259:Broughton factory 208: 207: 82:Mediterranean Sea 16:(Redirected from 2563: 2546:Missing aircraft 2306:Notable aircraft 2200: 2193: 2186: 2177: 2049:Charlwood, Don. 1989: 1983: 1977: 1976: 1974: 1972: 1963:. Archived from 1953: 1947: 1942: 1933: 1932: 1930: 1928: 1918: 1912: 1911: 1909: 1907: 1897: 1891: 1890: 1888: 1886: 1877:. Archived from 1867: 1861: 1860: 1858: 1856: 1846: 1840: 1839: 1826: 1820: 1819: 1817: 1815: 1801: 1795: 1794: 1792: 1790: 1780: 1774: 1773: 1771: 1769: 1759: 1753: 1752: 1750: 1748: 1734: 1728: 1727: 1725: 1723: 1713: 1707: 1706: 1693: 1687: 1686: 1673: 1667: 1666: 1664: 1662: 1652: 1646: 1645: 1643: 1641: 1632:. 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Retrieved 1965:the original 1960: 1957:"Wikispaces" 1951: 1925:. Retrieved 1916: 1904:. Retrieved 1895: 1883:. Retrieved 1879:the original 1874: 1865: 1853:. Retrieved 1844: 1833: 1824: 1812:. Retrieved 1808: 1799: 1787:. Retrieved 1778: 1766:. Retrieved 1757: 1745:. Retrieved 1741: 1732: 1720:. Retrieved 1711: 1700: 1691: 1680: 1671: 1659:. Retrieved 1650: 1638:. Retrieved 1634:the original 1629: 1620: 1608:. Retrieved 1604: 1578: 1569: 1560: 1551: 1542: 1533: 1521:. 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Index

Lancaster PA278 disappearance
An Avro Lancaster in flight
Mediterranean Sea
Corsica
Avro Lancaster Mk.I
No. 103 Squadron RAF
Registration
RAF Glatton
Huntingdon
Naples Airport
Avro Lancaster Mk.I
No. 103 Squadron RAF
Bomber Command
Second World War
Mediterranean
Corsica
Vickers-Armstrongs Ltd
Broughton factory
Chester
Operation Dodge
Eighth Army
Bari
Adriatic
Italy
Naples
Italy
Italy
Warrant Officer
Flying Officer
Marseille

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