705:(IOC) and the WADA for an independent investigation, the UCI appointed Dutch lawyer Emile Vrijman to investigate the handling of urine tests by the LNDD. Vrijman was head of the Dutch anti-doping agency for ten years; since then he has worked as a defense attorney defending high-profile athletes against doping charges. Vrijman's report cleared Armstrong because of improper handling and testing. The report said tests on urine samples were conducted improperly and fell so short of scientific standards that it was "completely irresponsible" to suggest they "constitute evidence of anything."
533:. Vaughters signed a statement disavowing the comments and stating he had "no personal knowledge that any team in the Tour de France, including Armstrong's Discovery team in 2005, engaged in any prohibited conduct whatsoever." Frankie signed a statement affirming the conversation took place as indicated on the instant messaging logs submitted to the court. The SCA trial was settled out of court, and while no verdict or finding of facts was rendered, Armstrong regarded the outcome as proof that the doping allegations were baseless.
36:
650:
US Postal
Service Team (USPS Team) and its participants' doping activities. The evidence also includes direct documentary evidence including financial payments, emails, scientific data and laboratory test results that further prove the use, possession and distribution of performance enhancing drugs by Lance Armstrong and confirm the disappointing truth about the deceptive activities of the USPS Team, a team that received tens of millions of American taxpayer dollars in funding.
686:, a major French daily sports newspaper, reported on its front page under the headline "le mensonge Armstrong" ("The Armstrong Lie") that six urine samples taken from the cyclist during the prologue and five stages of the 1999 Tour de France, frozen and stored since at "Laboratoire national de dépistage du dopage de Châtenay-Malabry" (LNDD), had tested positive for EPO in recent retesting conducted as part of a research project into EPO testing methods.
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the UCI." He added, "There was only two conceivable ways that synthetic EPO could've gotten into those samples. One, is that Lance
Armstrong used EPO during the '99 Tour. The other way it could've got in the urine was if, as Lance Armstrong seems to believe, the laboratory spiked those samples. Now, that's an extraordinary claim, and there's never ever been any evidence the laboratory has ever spiked an athlete's sample, even during the
437:. The suit was settled out of court, with SCA paying Armstrong and Tailwind Sports US$ 7.5 million, to cover the bonus plus interest and lawyers' fees. Betsy Andreu's testimony stated, "And so the doctor asked him a few questions, not many, and then one of the questions he asked was, 'Have you ever used any performance-enhancing drugs?' And Lance said yes. And the doctor asked, 'What were they?' And Lance said, '
588:, had told federal investigators that they witnessed Armstrong taking banned substances, including EPO, or supplied Armstrong with such substances. Fabiani stated in response that, "We have no way of knowing what happened in the grand jury and so can't comment on these anonymously sourced reports." Hamilton further claimed that Armstrong tested positive for EPO during the 2001 Tour de Suisse;
725:
same (chronological) order as the stages of the 1999 Tour de France they were collected at – was already sufficient to allow him to determine the exact stage these urine samples referred to and subsequently the identity of the riders who were tested at that stage." The
Vrijman report also says, "
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ran the most sophisticated, professionalized and successful doping program that sport has ever seen. The evidence of the US Postal
Service Pro Cycling Team-run scheme is overwhelming and is in excess of 1000 pages, and includes sworn testimony from 26 people, including 15 riders with knowledge of the
224:
which contained the substance. O'Reilly claimed that team officials conspired with a compliant doctor to falsify
Armstrong's prescription, and that Armstrong never had the condition. She also claimed that, on other occasions, she was asked to dispose of used syringes for Armstrong and pick up strange
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In April 2009, Ashenden said that "the LNDD absolutely had no way of knowing athlete identity from the sample they're given. They have a number on them, but that's never linked to an athlete's name. The only group that had both the number and the athlete's name is the federation, in this case it was
323:
said, "I am not happy the two names are mixed." Following
Ferrari's later-overturned conviction for "sporting fraud" and "abuse of the medical profession", Armstrong suspended his professional relationship with him, saying that he had "zero tolerance for anyone convicted of using or facilitating the
697:
gave
Armstrong the opportunity to have samples taken during the 1999 Tours de France retested. Armstrong immediately refused, saying, "the samples have not been maintained properly." Head of AFLD Pierre Bordry stated: "Scientifically there is no problem to analyze these samples – everything is
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with almost no difficulty, could not have been possible through natural means. Armstrong adamantly denied this, and the
American press generally supported him. Armstrong contended, among other things, that it would have made no sense for him to dope since he lived in France, which has long had some
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The recommendation of the commission's report was no disciplinary action against any rider on the basis of LNDD research. It also called upon the WADA and the LNDD to submit themselves to an investigation by an outside independent authority. The WADA rejected these conclusions stating "The
Vrijman
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Ashenden's statements are at odds with the findings of the
Vrijman report: "According to Mr. Ressiot, the manner in which the LNDD had structured the results table of its report – i.e. listing the sequence of each of the batches, as well as the exact number of urine samples per batch, in the
558:
Landis also maintained that he witnessed Armstrong receiving multiple blood transfusions, and dispensing testosterone patches to his teammates. On May 25, 2010, the UCI disputed Landis's claims, insisting that "none of the tests revealed the presence of EPO in the samples taken from riders at the
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Armstrong immediately replied on his website, saying, "Unfortunately, the witch hunt continues and tomorrow's article is nothing short of tabloid journalism. The paper even admits in its own article that the science in question here is faulty and that I have no way to defend myself. They state:
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stage to, according to Bassons, tell him "it was a mistake to speak out the way I do and asked why I was doing it. I told him that I'm thinking of the next generation of riders. Then he said, 'Why don't you leave, then?'" Armstrong later confirmed Bassons' story in an interview with the French
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as well as falsifying documents saying he passed drug tests. Doping helped him for each of his seven Tour de France wins, Armstrong told Winfrey. According to USADA, samples from Armstrong taken in 2009 and 2010 are also "fully consistent with blood manipulation including EPO use and/or blood
500:
SCA president Bob Hamman knew his chances of winning the suit were slim, since the language in SCA's contract with Armstrong stipulated that the money had to be paid. However, he believed that the testimony and evidence would prove that Armstrong had doped, and would be enough to trigger an
631:
On October 10, 2012, USADA claimed that Armstrong was part of "the most sophisticated, professionalized and successful doping program that sport has ever seen," in advance of issuing its long-awaited report detailing the evidence it acquired. Based on evidence received during the Armstrong
599:
anti-doping agency, later confirmed that they found four urine samples suspicious of EPO use at the 2001 race, but said there was no "positive test" and claimed not to know whether the suspicious results belonged to Armstrong. As a result, Armstrong's lawyers demanded an apology from
232:
U.S. federal prosecutors pursued allegations of doping by Armstrong from 2010–2012. The effort convened a grand jury to investigate doping charges, including: taking statements under oath from Armstrong's former team members and other associates; met with officials from
331:, as well as charges of abusing his medical license to write prescriptions. The court stated that it overturned his conviction "because the facts do not exist" to support the charges. Ferrari, however, is still banned from practicing medicine with cyclists by the
628:, attorney Jeffrey Tillotson, who represented SCA Promotions in the 2005 lawsuit, stated that he thought that the evidence collected by his legal team showed that Armstrong had been using performance-enhancing drugs since the beginning of his career.
624:, Hamilton again insisted that he and Armstrong had routinely doped together. Dismissing the fact that Armstrong had passed numerous drug tests, Hamilton said that he himself had also passed hundreds of drug tests while doping. In the documentary
86:
228:
From his return to cycling in the fall of 2008 through March 2009, Armstrong claims that he submitted to twenty-four unannounced drug tests by various anti-doping authorities. All of the tests were negative for performance-enhancing drugs.
690:'There will therefore be no counter-exam nor regulatory prosecutions, in a strict sense, since defendant's rights cannot be respected.' I will simply restate what I have said many times: I have never taken performance enhancing drugs."
405:
that he had no direct knowledge of Armstrong using such substances. Armstrong denied the claim and issued a counter-suit. The two men reached an out-of-court settlement in November 2005; the terms of the agreement were not disclosed.
464:. The Andreus' allegation was not supported by the eight other people present, including Armstrong's doctor Craig Nichols, or his medical history. According to LeMond, he had recorded a conversation, transcribed for review by
424:
during a deposition that Armstrong had admitted using performance-enhancing drugs to his physician just after brain surgery in 1996. The Andreus' testimony was related to litigation between Armstrong and SCA Promotions, a
369:
has confirmed to Mr. Armstrong that it never intended to accuse him of being guilty of taking any performance-enhancing drugs and sincerely apologized for any such impression." Ballester and Walsh subsequently published
130:
If you consider my situation: a guy who comes back from arguably, you know, a death sentence , why would I then enter into a sport and dope myself up and risk my life again? That's crazy. I would never do that. No. No
608:
said the network stood by its report as "truthful, accurate and fair", and added that the suspicious tests which Saugy confirmed to exist have been linked to Armstrong "by a number of international officials".
346:. On top of O'Reilly's aforementioned allegations, the book also contained Stephen Swart's allegation of doping by Armstrong and others on the Motorola team; this claim was denied by other team members.
745:, Armstrong finally confessed that he has used banned performance-enhancing drugs throughout much of his cycling career, most recently in 2005. He admitted that he used EPO, human growth hormone, and
540:– who had previously been stripped of the 2006 Tour title after a positive drug test – accused Armstrong of doping in 2002 and 2003. Landis also claimed that Postal team director Johan Bruyneel had
493:
researcher Michael Ashenden testified that Armstrong's levels rose and fell, consistent with a series of injections during the 1999 Tour. Ashenden, a paid expert retained by SCA Promotions, told
1266:
578:
that he and Armstrong had together taken EPO before and during the 1999, 2000, and 2001 Tours de France. Armstrong's attorney, Mark Fabiani, responded that Hamilton was lying. The accompanying
460:
Armstrong suggested Betsy may have been confused by possible mention of his post-operative treatment, which included steroids and EPO that are taken to counteract the side effects of intensive
303:
Public accusations of doping against Armstrong were made as early as the 1999 Tour de France. Specifically, many European papers contended his victory in Stage 9, where he seemingly ascended
1055:
2505:
555:, confirmed that Armstrong made two donations to cycling's governing body: $ 25,000 in 2002, used by the juniors anti-doping program, and $ 100,000 in 2005, to buy a blood testing machine.
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published a story on the allegations raised in the SCA case. The report cited evidence at the trial, including the results of an AFLD test and an analysis of these results by an
567:, "Landis claimed that Armstrong tested positive while winning in 2002, a timeline Armstrong himself said left him 'confused,' because he did not compete in the event in 2002."
551:(UCI), to keep quiet about a positive Armstrong test in 2002. Landis admitted there was no documentation supporting his claims. However, in July 2010 the president of the UCI,
170:, saying, "His accusations aren't good for cycling, for his team, for me, for anybody. If he thinks cycling works like that, he's wrong and he would be better off going home."
2418:
2678:
3032:
2877:
2336:
1594:
1619:
721:, where you would've thought there was a real political motive to frame an athlete from a different country. There's never been any suggestion that it happened."
468:, in which Armstrong's contact at Oakley, Inc., Stephanie McIlvain, corroborated Betsy's account. However, McIlvain contradicted LeMond's allegations and denied
694:
365:
judge in a pre-trial ruling stated that the article "meant accusation of guilt and not simply reasonable grounds to suspect." The newspaper's lawyers stated, "
2081:
1233:
855:
Livestrong or Lie Hard: A Pentadic Analysis of Deception and Reputation Management in 'The Armstrong Lie'. Harper D Anderson. Brigham Young University, 2017.
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in an attempt to negotiate a reduction of Armstrong's lifetime ban down to one year. The talks fell apart when Armstrong refused to cooperate with Tygart.
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reported that the UCI intervened to conceal those test results, and that donations from Armstrong totaling US$ 125,000 may have played into said actions.
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use of performance-enhancing drugs" and denying that Ferrari had ever "suggested, prescribed or provided me with any performance-enhancing drugs."
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2106:
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Ashenden's findings were disputed by the Vrijman report, which pointed to procedural and privacy issues in dismissing the AFLD test results. The
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in 2009, provoking a scathing reaction from Armstrong. This spat continued and is exemplified by Kimmage's articles in the British newspaper
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2305:
2191:
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reporter referred to by Armstrong as a "little troll", revealed in a 2001 story that Armstrong had ties to controversial Italian doctor
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report is so lacking in professionalism and objectivity that it borders on farcical." The IOC Ethics Commission subsequently censured
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correct" and, "If the analysis is clean it would have been very good for him. But he doesn't want to do it and that's his problem."
70:
393:, as part of a legal battle following his termination in November 2004. In the brief, Anderson claimed that he discovered a box of
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Lance Armstrong Admits to Doping, 'One Big Lie'. Wall Street Journal. Reed Albergotti and Vanessa O'Connell. Updated Jan. 18, 2013
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Please help improve this article by looking for better, more reliable sources. Unreliable citations may be challenged and removed.
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investigation and its prosecutions, USADA forwarded its "reasoned decision" document and supporting information to the UCI, the
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2192:"U.S. Anti-Doping Agency says evidence against Lance Armstrong is 'overwhelming' and includes testimony from 15 teammates"
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713:, the President of WADA and a member of the IOC, for his statements in the media that suggested wrongdoing by Armstrong.
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in cycling". He also asked Armstrong questions in relation to his "admiration for dopers" at a press conference at the
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of July 21 and 23, 1999 reveal that the press knew the contents of original doping forms of the 1999 Tour de France".
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Armstrong was criticized for working with Ferrari, who later claimed that the two were introduced by Belgian cyclist
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Lance Armstrong: 'I View This Situation As One Big Lie I Repeated A Lot Of Times'. CBS New York, January 17, 2013.
335:. According to Italian authorities, Armstrong met with Ferrari as recently as 2010 in a country outside of Italy.
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2224:"Statement From USADA CEO Travis T. Tygart Regarding The U.S. Postal Service Pro Cycling Team Doping Conspiracy"
1981:
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On February 2, 2012, U.S. federal prosecutors officially dropped their criminal investigation with no charges.
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and described himself as the most tested athlete in the world. However, a 1999 urine sample showed traces of
161:. Subsequently, Armstrong started a confrontation during that Tour where he rode up alongside Bassons on the
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the results painted a "compelling picture" that the world's most famous cyclist "used EPO in the '99 Tour."
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in the mid-1990s, and actively encouraged his teammates to do the same. "He was the instigator," Swart told
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Emma O'Reilly, that clandestine trips were made to pick up and deliver doping products to Armstrong's team.
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35:
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382:), further pressing their claims that Armstrong used performance-enhancing drugs throughout his career.
362:
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765:'s Introduction to Sports Governance class, Armstrong stated he began doping in "late Spring of 1995".
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published a French-language book alleging Armstrong had used performance-enhancing drugs, entitled
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On March 31, 2005, Mike Anderson, Armstrong's personal assistant of two years, filed a brief in
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transfusions". Armstrong is fighting to avoid paying millions of dollars in prize money back.
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described himself as "devastated" on hearing of them working together, while Tour organizer
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In December 2012, Armstrong and his attorney, Tim Herman, held a secret meeting at the
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Lance Armstrong had been criticized for his disagreements with outspoken opponents of
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2007:"International Cycling Union refutes Floyd Landis' claims about 2001 Tour de Suisse"
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investigation alleged that two other former Armstrong teammates, Frankie Andreu and
300:. "It was his words that pushed us toward doing it." Swart also admitted to doping.
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537:
521:
article also provided information on testimony given by Swart, the Andreus, and an
461:
394:
290:, Armstrong first began using performance-enhancing drugs during his time with the
221:
146:
121:, stating, "I view this situation as one big lie that I repeated a lot of times".
1339:
983:"World in motion cycling divided by Paul Kimmage and Lance Armstrongs cancer row"
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in a story by deputy sports editor Alan English in June 2004. Armstrong sued for
2540:"Independent Investigation — Analysis Samples from the 1999 Tour de France"
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1267:"He busted Marion Jones and Lance Armstrong; now top steroid cop works for UFC"
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investigation by sporting authorities. Hamman's hunch proved right; before the
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5 million bonus for Armstrong's sixth Tour victory due to the claims raised in
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401:. Androstenone is not a banned substance, and Anderson stated in a subsequent
2711:"Lance Armstrong speaks at University of Colorado, Boulder, on March 1, 2016"
899:
490:
442:
1317:"Stephen Swart: Lance Armstrong Was Ringleader in Encouraging Blood Doping"
895:"Countdown to the Tour de France Jonathan Vaughters and his drugsfree team"
85:
173:
Kimmage, a professional cyclist in the 1980s, referred to Armstrong as a "
3039:
2884:
2111:
2107:"'60 Minutes' to Lance Armstrong: No Apology for 'Truthful' Doping Story"
1882:"Floyd Landis puts Lance Armstrong at the centre of new drug allegations"
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416:
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206:
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530:
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Ferrari was later absolved of all sporting fraud charges by an Italian
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of the strictest anti-doping laws in the world, for most of the year.
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153:. Bassons wrote a number of articles for a French newspaper during the
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273:. The probe was terminated on February 3, 2012 with no charges filed.
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426:
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212:
Until his 2013 admission, Armstrong continually denied using illegal
174:
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for 13 years, until a confession during a broadcast interview with
2724:
2306:"AFP: No comment on Armstrong from US cycling, anti-doping groups"
1410:"Michele Ferrari absolved of all charges by Italian appeals court"
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1620:"Armstrong asks Austin court to sanction his former assistant"
1391:"Drugs issue refuses to go away due to winner's Ferrari links"
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167:
29:
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contacted Hamman and asked to see the evidence he'd gleaned.
220:; a medical certificate showed he used an approved cream for
93:
For much of the second phase of his career, American cyclist
2367:"Agency challenges Armstrong to have urine samples retested"
1909:"Kimmage: Landis allegations will decide the sport's future"
1135:"L'Equipe alleges Armstrong samples show EPO use in 99 Tour"
803:"Index of Lance Armstrong doping allegations over the years"
867:"Armstrong on newspaper's accusations: 'This thing stinks'"
2533:
2531:
1980:
O'Connell, Vanessa & Albergotti, Reed (July 2, 2010).
1854:
O'Connell, Vanessa & Albergotti, Reed (May 20, 2010).
261:(FDA), who also investigated suspicions of steroid use by
2249:
O'Connell, Vanessa; Albergotti, Reed (January 15, 2013).
1956:"McQuaid reveals Armstrong made two donations to the UCI"
344:
L. A. Confidentiel – Les secrets de Lance Armstrong
2128:"Prosecutors drop Lance Armstrong doping investigation"
1643:"Lance Armstrong settles lawsuit with former assistant"
2063:"Report says Hincapie told feds Armstrong used PEDs".
1187:
Urquhart, Conal & Walsh, David (August 26, 2012).
659:, CEO, United States Anti-Doping Agency, October 2012.
397:
while cleaning a bathroom in Armstrong's apartment in
846:
UPI. Lance Armstrong: 'One big lie'. January 17, 2013
117:
in January 2013, when he finally admitted to all his
2082:"Armstrong's lawyers want apology from '60 Minutes'"
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974:
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3010:
3003:
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2934:
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2762:
1163:"Armstrong, Best of His Time, Now With an Asterisk"
109:. Armstrong vehemently denied allegations of using
1338:
1234:"Armstrong outraged by French misbehaviour claims"
205:alleged, based on testimony by Armstrong's former
1372:"An Interview With Dr. Michele Ferrari, part two"
1292:"Prosecutors close Armstrong inquiry, no charges"
505:ran its story on the case, USADA general counsel
3033:Seven Deadly Sins: My Pursuit of Lance Armstrong
2797:It's Not About the Bike: My Journey Back to Life
2481:. Associated Press. May 31, 2006. Archived from
1762:"Allegations Trail Armstrong Into Another Stage"
2038:"Ex-teammate: I saw Lance Armstrong inject EPO"
2032:
2030:
2028:
1487:"2 Ex-Teammates of Cycling Star Admit Drug Use"
924:"They bust the addicts but the dealers ride on"
701:In October 2005, in response to calls from the
645:..the evidence shows beyond any doubt that the
642:
128:
1332:
1330:
951:"Armstrong rounds on critics over drugs storm"
741:that aired on January 17 and 18, 2013, on the
2912:
2740:
2419:"California Western Alumni Professional News"
2282:(in French). October 18, 2005. Archived from
2069:. Associated Press. May 22, 2011. p. 16.
1056:"Tour gears up for return of Lance Armstrong"
536:On May 20, 2010, former U.S. Postal teammate
8:
2653:"Lance Armstrong and USADA's doping charges"
1818:
1816:
1669:"Ex-Friends Say Armstrong Admitted Drug Use"
604:. Instead of apologizing, CBS News chairman
2337:"Litke: Suspicion Remains Lance's Opponent"
1216:"Lance to Drug Tester: Your Papers, Please"
3007:
2919:
2905:
2897:
2747:
2733:
2725:
1662:
1660:
1341:Cycle of Lies: The Fall of Lance Armstrong
349:Allegations in the book were reprinted in
2634:"Armstrong admits doping in "toxic" tale"
1716:"Papers charge Armstrong admitted doping"
71:Learn how and when to remove this message
2167:"The World According to Lance Armstrong"
1755:
1753:
1010:"Le coup de blues de Christophe Bassons"
778:" – a parody of the controversy by
2506:"Report Exonerates Armstrong of Doping"
1537:Fotheringham, William (July 26, 2005).
1389:Fotheringham, William (July 29, 2001).
793:
570:In May 2011, former Armstrong teammate
157:which made references to doping in the
2190:O'Keeffe, Michael (October 10, 2012).
1618:Halliburton, Suzanne (April 2, 2005).
1593:Halliburton, Suzanne (April 1, 2005).
626:The World According to Lance Armstrong
429:-based insurer who balked at paying a
2251:"Behind Armstrong's Decision to Talk"
1928:"Landis admits doping, accuses Lance"
1434:"Lance has suspicious ties: source".
1189:"Lance Armstrong: the whistleblowers"
253:(AFLD). The investigation was led by
7:
1825:"Interviews – Michael Ashenden"
1641:Kreytak, Steven (November 5, 2005).
1485:Macur, Juliet (September 12, 2006).
668:offices of former Colorado governor
2632:Linden, Julian (January 19, 2013).
2576:"Wada boss slams Armstrong 'farce'"
2449:"Armstrong cleared in drug inquiry"
2394:"Doping boss rues Armstrong stance"
2126:Frieden, Terry (February 3, 2012).
1595:"Papers: Lance had steroid in home"
1133:Pelkey, Charles (August 23, 2005).
414:In June 2006, the French newspaper
338:In 2004, Walsh and fellow reporter
2687:. February 8, 2013. Archived from
2512:. Associated Press. Archived from
1954:Farrand, Stephen (July 10, 2010).
1856:"Cyclist Armstrong Denies Charges"
1214:Albergotti, Reed (April 8, 2009).
1161:Vecsey, George (August 24, 2012).
865:Orjoux, Alanne (August 26, 2005).
647:US Postal Service Pro Cycling Team
25:
18:Lance Armstrong doping allegations
2679:"Armstrong sued over prize money"
2312:. August 23, 2005. Archived from
1789:"Evidence of a banned substance?"
1760:Abrahamson, Alan (July 9, 2006).
1564:Anderson, Mike (March 31, 2005).
1008:Cortie, Jacques (July 17, 1999).
801:Weislo, Laura (August 23, 2012).
525:conversation between Frankie and
472:that the incident ever occurred.
249:; and requested samples from the
2423:California Western School of Law
2392:Slater, Matt (October 2, 2008).
2228:United States Anti-Doping Agency
1926:Ford, Bonnie D. (May 20, 2010).
1539:"Armstrong faces legal marathon"
981:Slot, Owen (February 17, 2009).
949:Whittle, Jeremy (July 1, 2004).
199:. Two years later, Walsh's book
34:
1907:Cossins, Peter (May 21, 2010).
1823:Shen, Andy (February 4, 2009).
1700:. June 23, 2006. Archived from
1462:. June 20, 2004. Archived from
1242:. April 7, 2009. Archived from
922:Kimmage, Paul (July 29, 2007).
893:Kimmage, Paul (June 29, 2008).
759:University of Colorado, Boulder
703:International Olympic Committee
676:1999 Tour de France urine tests
2651:Seaton, Matt (June 14, 2012).
2603:"The possibility of tampering"
2335:Litke, Jim (August 24, 2005).
2276:"Cyclisme – Affaire Armstrong"
2080:Risling, Greg (June 1, 2011).
1797:. July 8, 2006. Archived from
1667:Goldman, Tom (June 24, 2006).
1054:Kimmage, Paul (July 5, 2009).
529:regarding blood-doping in the
97:faced constant allegations of
1:
2780:History of doping allegations
2475:"UCI report clears Armstrong"
1444:. April 17, 2011. p. 17.
1408:Maloney, Tim (May 27, 2006).
549:Union Cycliste Internationale
3125:Doping at the Tour de France
2928:Doping at the Tour de France
2601:Shen, Andy (April 2, 2009).
2504:Max, Arthur (May 31, 2006).
1880:Hart, Simon (May 20, 2010).
1694:"Armstrong issues statement"
1573:Travis County District Court
595:Martial Saugy, chief of the
387:Travis County District Court
286:According to former cyclist
259:Food and Drug Administration
145:, such as sports journalist
103:doping at the Tour de France
2105:Maloy, Tim (June 1, 2011).
1512:"Armstrong wins settlement"
1265:Maese, Rick (May 2, 2016).
1018:(in French). Archived from
638:World Triathlon Corporation
257:, an investigator from the
214:performance-enhancing drugs
111:performance enhancing drugs
107:Lance Armstrong doping case
3146:
1518:. London, UK. July 1, 2006
547:, former president of the
333:Italian Cycling Federation
315:in 1995. American cyclist
27:Cycling doping allegations
2538:Scholten c.s. Advocaten.
1647:Austin Statesman-American
1624:Austin Statesman-American
1600:Austin American-Statesman
1456:"Stop strong-arm tactics"
1108:"Pound Stunned By Attack"
733:2013 confession to doping
251:French Anti-Doping Agency
3115:Investigative journalism
2978:Floyd Landis doping case
2044:. CBS News. May 20, 2011
634:World Anti-Doping Agency
561:2001 Tour of Switzerland
422:Frankie and Betsy Andreu
3110:Doping cases in cycling
2510:San Francisco Chronicle
2255:The Wall Street Journal
1986:The Wall Street Journal
1860:The Wall Street Journal
1220:The Wall Street Journal
640:. Tygart claimed that:
43:Some of this article's
1653:on September 20, 2007.
1337:Macur, Juliet (2014).
662:
225:parcels for the team.
139:
90:
2864:Butterfly Trek Madone
2853:Livestrong Foundation
2770:Livestrong Foundation
2179:on December 12, 2013.
1741:recorded conversation
1370:Maloney, Tim (2003).
1080:"Bringing down Lance"
776:A Scause for Applause
743:Oprah Winfrey Network
737:In an interview with
693:In October 2008, the
292:Motorola cycling team
136:Lance Armstrong, 2005
88:
2968:Death of Tom Simpson
2858:12373 Lancearmstrong
2691:on February 10, 2013
2516:on December 28, 2007
2485:on December 30, 2007
2429:on December 11, 2007
2222:(October 10, 2012).
2165:Tillotson, Jeffrey.
1801:on December 28, 2009
1630:on December 2, 2005.
1607:on December 3, 2005.
1239:Agence France-Presse
757:In a 2016 speech to
680:On August 23, 2005,
359:settled out of court
277:Specific allegations
2804:Every Second Counts
2607:Velocity Nation.com
2556:on December 1, 2007
2347:on October 21, 2013
2316:on November 7, 2011
2286:on October 18, 2005
1886:The Daily Telegraph
1466:on December 3, 2018
1323:. January 18, 2011.
1271:The Washington Post
1088:. December 14, 2012
763:Roger A. Pielke Jr.
620:Interviewed by the
485:. According to the
420:reported claims by
166:television station
155:1999 Tour de France
3120:History of cycling
2988:doping allegations
2613:on August 12, 2010
1491:The New York Times
1321:Larry Brown Sports
1167:The New York Times
1022:on October 2, 2013
749:, and that he had
527:Jonathan Vaughters
475:In July 2006, the
321:Jean-Marie Leblanc
297:Sports Illustrated
179:Tour of California
151:Christophe Bassons
119:cheating in sports
91:
3092:
3091:
3088:
3087:
3058:The Armstrong Lie
3019:L.A. Confidentiel
2894:
2893:
2878:Seven Deadly Sins
2871:L.A. Confidentiel
2829:The Armstrong Lie
2373:. October 2, 2008
1835:on April 10, 2009
1794:Los Angeles Times
1767:Los Angeles Times
1582:on June 29, 2006.
1356:978-0-06227-722-0
1246:on April 11, 2009
523:instant messaging
478:Los Angeles Times
435:L.A. Confidentiel
202:L.A. Confidentiel
81:
80:
73:
16:(Redirected from
3137:
3079:Tour de Pharmacy
3008:
2961:Related articles
2921:
2914:
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2629:
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2609:. Archived from
2598:
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2589:
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2572:
2566:
2565:
2563:
2561:
2555:
2549:. Archived from
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2490:
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2436:
2434:
2425:. Archived from
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2404:
2389:
2383:
2382:
2380:
2378:
2363:
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2343:. Archived from
2332:
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2162:
2156:
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2144:
2138:
2137:
2123:
2117:
2116:
2102:
2096:
2095:
2094:on June 9, 2012.
2090:. Archived from
2077:
2071:
2070:
2060:
2054:
2053:
2051:
2049:
2034:
2023:
2022:
2020:
2018:
2003:
1997:
1996:
1994:
1992:
1982:"Blood Brothers"
1977:
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1842:
1840:
1831:. Archived from
1820:
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1808:
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1785:
1779:
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1776:
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1706:
1705:
1704:on July 5, 2006.
1690:
1684:
1683:
1681:
1679:
1664:
1655:
1654:
1649:. Archived from
1638:
1632:
1631:
1626:. Archived from
1615:
1609:
1608:
1603:. Archived from
1590:
1584:
1583:
1581:
1575:. Archived from
1570:
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1442:Associated Press
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1119:
1104:
1098:
1097:
1095:
1093:
1076:
1070:
1069:
1068:on June 1, 2010.
1064:. Archived from
1061:The Sunday Times
1051:
1045:
1044:, July 17, 1999.
1038:
1032:
1031:
1029:
1027:
1005:
999:
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815:
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660:
636:(WADA), and the
563:." According to
367:The Sunday Times
357:, and the paper
351:The Sunday Times
340:Pierre Ballester
184:The Sunday Times
137:
76:
69:
65:
62:
56:
38:
30:
21:
3145:
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3140:
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3105:Lance Armstrong
3095:
3094:
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3084:
3045:
2999:
2983:Lance Armstrong
2956:
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2895:
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2809:
2784:
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2756:Lance Armstrong
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2398:BBC News Online
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2230:(Press release)
2218:
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2148:"Private Video"
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2016:
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2005:
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1990:
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1829:Velocity Nation
1822:
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1787:
1786:
1782:
1772:
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1759:
1758:
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1722:. June 23, 2006
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1114:. March 5, 2004
1112:BBC News Online
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678:
661:
655:
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586:George Hincapie
545:Hein Verbruggen
515:
412:
380:The Dirty Trick
284:
279:
197:Michele Ferrari
138:
135:
127:
95:Lance Armstrong
89:Lance Armstrong
77:
66:
60:
57:
54:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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2980:
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2973:Festina affair
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2624:
2593:
2582:. June 2, 2006
2567:
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2455:. May 31, 2006
2440:
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2220:Tygart, Travis
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2139:
2118:
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2072:
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2013:. May 25, 2010
1998:
1972:
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572:Tyler Hamilton
514:
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483:expert witness
439:Growth hormone
411:
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283:
280:
278:
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218:corticosteroid
133:
126:
123:
79:
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61:September 2020
45:listed sources
42:
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33:
26:
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14:
13:
10:
9:
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2:
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3006:
3004:Related media
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2822:Road to Paris
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788:References
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