703:
783:
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582:
668:
609:
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of each factor of production interact in factor markets to determine equilibrium output, income, and the income distribution. Factor demand in turn incorporates the
136:
can describe a prospectively observable element of an economy. It has been used as an input for testing theories explaining the distribution of income, for example
77:, each unit of output corresponds to a unit of income. One use of national accounts is for classifying factor incomes and measuring their respective shares, as in
788:
Sheldon
Danziger, Robert Haveman, Robert Plotnick (1981). "How Income Transfer Programs Affect Work, Savings, and the Income Distribution: A Critical Review,"
897:
663:
1032:
1022:
1010:
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relationship of that factor in the output market. Analysis applies to not only capital and land but the distribution of income in labor markets.
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89:, adjustments to the national accounts or other data sources are frequently used. Here, interest is often on the fraction of
201:
provides an account of how the distribution of income between capital and labor is determined in competitive markets at the
35:
191:
209:
and changes in the size of the capital stock and labor force. More recent developments of the distinction between
113:
Distribution has been central in the study of political economy since the 19th century, as shown in scholarship by
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198:
399:
301:
31:
683:
583:“The Scope and Method of Political Economy in the Light of the ‘Marginal’ Theory of Value and Distribution,"
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Clark, John Bates; McCrea, Roswell C.; Seager, Henry R.; Rosewater, Victor; Kinley, David (1906).
30:
This article is about resource distribution in economic theory. For distribution of products, see
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50:
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105:), and on the factors that might affect them (globalization, tax policy, technology, etc.).
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66:
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476:. Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce. 2 October 2006. Archived from
229:
170:
for selection from feasible distributions of income and output are a way of representing
740:
Human
Capital: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis, with Special Reference to Education
159:
the distribution of income for those output possibilities. But in the formal theory of
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372:
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17:
1000:
952:
827:
Gian Singh Sahota (1978). "Theories of
Personal Income Distribution: A Survey",
925:"distribution theories, neoclassical," v. 1, pp. 883–86, by Christopher Bliss.
658:
640:
114:
840:"The World Distribution of Income: Falling Poverty and… Convergence, Period,"
546:
515:
233:
42:
912:"distribution theories, classical," v. 1, pp. 872–76, by Luigi Pasinetti.
942:"inequality between persons," v. 2, pp. 821–24, by Anthony F. Shorrocks.
948:"marginal productivity theory," v. 3, pp. 323–25, by Robert F. Dorfman.
922:"distribution theories, Marxian," v. 1, pp. 878–83, by David M. Gordon.
793:
530:
499:
140:
theory and the theory of economic discrimination (Becker, 1993, 1971).
338:
323:
90:
54:
27:
Method in which total output and wealth are distributed in an economy
832:
629:
1037:"women's work and wages" by Francine D. Blau and Lawrence M. Kahn.
252:(simplest measure of relative and absolute in income distribution)
699:
International
Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences
385:
Neoclassical microeconomic model of labor market demand and supply
965:"wages, real and money," v. 4, pp. 840–42, by Henry Phelps Brown.
101:
percent, and so forth (defined by equally spaced cut points, say
608:
from about 1870 to 1910). New York: Macmillan. Chapter-preview
276:(worldwide overview; causes, effects, normative perspectives)
221:
and personal capital have deepened analysis of distribution.
531:"The Present State of the Theory of Distribution-Discussion"
604:(analytical exposition of successive contributions by ten
232:
proposed the distribution of income can be described by a
1021:"skill-biased technical change" by Giovanni L. Violante.
945:"interest and profit," v. 2, pp. 877–79, by Carlo Panico.
915:"distribution theories, Keynesian," v. 1, pp. 876–78, by
848:
Quarterly
Journal of Economics," 121(2), May, pp. 351–97.
759:
Harry
Brighouse and Adam Swift (2008). "egalitarianism."
602:
1009:"income taxation and optimal policies" by Louis Kaplow.
983:"classical distribution theories" by Massimo Pivetti.
622:
129:
Descriptive, theoretical, scientific, and welfare uses
690:, v. 1. Elsevier. Description & chapter-preview
958:"profit and profit theory," v. 3, pp. 1014–21, by
879:ch. 14: Appendix Markets and Economic Efficiency .
713:
1051:U.S. National income by type of income, 1959–2005
535:Publications of the American Economic Association
504:Publications of the American Economic Association
500:"The Present State of the Theory of Distribution"
73:). In general theory and in for example the U.S.
463:, 18th ed., Glossary of Terms, "Distribution."
951:"Marxian value analysis," v. 3, pp. 383–87 by
771:Sheldon Danziger and Peter Gottschalk (1995).
57:is distributed among individuals or among the
928:"distributive justice," v. 1, pp. 886–88, by
905:"distribution, law of," v. 1, pp. 869–72, by
808:Income from Independent Professional Practice
742:(3rd ed.). University of Chicago Press.
720:(2nd ed.). University of Chicago Press.
8:
898:The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics
664:The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics
368:Marxian economics: Marx's economic theories
775:, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA
976:The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics
762:The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics
661:(2008). "neoclassical growth theory,"
443:
258:(from the top 20% on down for the U.S.)
1057:via Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.
1015:"national income" by Thomas K. Rymes.
870:ch. 12: How Markets Determine Incomes
696:_____ (2001). "Income Distribution,"
262:Household income in the United States
7:
267:Personal income in the United States
75:National Income and Product Accounts
935:"imputation," v. 2, pp. 838–39, by
822:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
406:Normative economics of distribution
81:. But, where focus is on income of
395:Outline of industrial organization
25:
1027:"wage inequality, changes in" by
356:Classical economics: value theory
1055:Economic Report of the President
886:"Income Inequality (1947–1998)."
686:and F. Bourguignon, ed. (2000).
379:Neoclassical distribution theory
178:Neoclassical distribution theory
97:percent of households, the next
716:The Economics of Discrimination
688:Handbook of Income Distribution
174:at a high level of generality.
829:Journal of Economic Literature
790:Journal of Economic Literature
1:
999:"equality of opportunity" by
350:Classical distribution theory
93:going to the top (or bottom)
884:U.S. Census Bureau ( 2004).
498:Hollander, Jacob H. (1906).
362:Marxian distribution theory
1087:
838:Xavier Sala-Martin (2006).
564:The Distribution of Wealth
474:"Glossary "Factor income""
29:
280:Income inequality metrics
236:: this is now called the
199:neoclassical growth model
876:ch. 14: Land and Capital
873:ch. 13: The Labor Market
400:Production theory basics
302:Involuntary unemployment
32:Distribution (marketing)
738:Gary S. Becker (1993).
643:(1932, 2nd ed., 1963).
606:neoclassical economists
432:Social welfare function
297:Generational accounting
250:Median household income
1071:Distribution of wealth
1031:and John Van Reenen.
818:"Distributive Justice"
816:Julian Lamont (2003).
620:C.E. Ferguson (1969).
329:Distribution of wealth
184:neoclassical economics
34:. For other uses, see
993:and Paul A. Johnson.
345:Distribution theories
308:Distribution of what?
205:level over time with
192:marginal-productivity
59:factors of production
846:button to enlarge),
702:, pp. 7265–71.
649:. London: Macmillan.
427:Social choice theory
417:Distributive justice
334:Wealth concentration
207:technological change
857:William D. Nordhaus
646:The Theory of Wages
579:Philip H. Wicksteed
568:Table of Contents).
455:William D. Nordhaus
422:Justice (economics)
390:Production function
319:Income distribution
274:Economic inequality
238:Pareto distribution
172:normative economics
134:Income distribution
937:Murray N. Rothbard
157:distinguished from
991:Steven N. Durlauf
989:"convergence" by
979:(2008), 2nd Ed.:
853:Paul A. Samuelson
749:978-0-226-04120-9
727:978-0-226-04115-5
598:George J. Stigler
588:24(94), pp. 1–23.
586:Economic Journal,
451:Paul A. Samuelson
412:Welfare economics
314:Goods (economics)
188:supply and demand
145:welfare economics
49:is the way total
18:Land distribution
16:(Redirected from
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930:Edmund S. Phelps
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285:Gini coefficient
256:Income quintiles
215:physical capital
123:John Stuart Mill
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917:Mauro Baranzini
800:Milton Friedman
784:(book abstract)
773:America Unequal
765:. 2nd Edition.
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541:(1): 46–60.
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482:. Retrieved
478:the original
468:
458:
446:
290:Lorenz curve
228:
217:and between
196:
181:
161:
155:is commonly
148:
142:
132:
112:
98:
94:
86:
82:
47:distribution
46:
40:
36:Distribution
1001:J.E. Roemer
953:J.E. Roemer
865:, 18th ed.,
755:(UCP descr)
733:(UCP descr)
626:Description
1053:from 2006
907:J.B. Clark
831:, 16(1),
678:References
641:J.R. Hicks
484:2010-11-09
225:Statistics
115:Adam Smith
87:households
1039:Abstract.
1033:Abstract.
1023:Abstract.
1017:Abstract.
1011:Abstract.
1005:Abstract.
995:Abstract.
985:Abstract.
862:Economics
767:Abstract.
704:Abstract.
669:Abstract.
659:F.H. Hahn
547:1049-7498
516:1049-7498
460:Economics
234:power-law
103:quintiles
61:(such as
43:economics
1065:Category
901:(1987):
859:(2004).
833:pp. 1–55
806:(1945).
792:19(3),
712:(1971).
630:excerpt.
600:(1941).
581:(1914).
562:(1902).
457:(2004).
244:See also
149:feasible
164:welfare
151:output
109:History
83:persons
71:capital
779:
746:
724:
692:links.
610:links.
545:
514:
339:Wealth
324:Income
186:, the
162:social
121:, and
91:income
69:, and
63:labour
55:wealth
51:output
969:Some
891:Some
438:Notes
168:rules
855:and
811:NBER
802:and
777:ISBN
744:ISBN
722:ISBN
543:ISSN
512:ISSN
453:and
213:and
197:The
67:land
182:In
143:In
85:or
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