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288:, who sculpted and oversaw casting of the figures of King and Kennedy, to fine-tune the design. To relieve the monolithic solidity of the steel walls, the three conceived the idea of openings contoured to suggest shadows cast by the half-figures. After several attempts to shine bright lights on the half-figures to create actual shadows, Mannheimer drew the desired contours in chalk on the steel walls, which were laser cut and smoothed to create the cut-outs. The total cost of creating and installing the memorial, including two markers with bronze plaques, approached $ 200,000. One of the plaques contains the text of Kennedy's speech, parts of which were later inscribed on his own memorial at
260:. Perry's design featured two half-figures—one of King, the other of Kennedy—emerging from solid walls flanking a pathway to reach toward each other. It was an inspired design that captured the historical importance of these two great Americans and powerfully expressed the spirit of reconciliation and the striving for peace people still found in the story of their lives—and deaths. Before the actual construction of the memorial began, a ceremonial groundbreaking was held on May 14, 1994. This event attracted President
240:, owned by the Simon brothers, decided to start the Pacers Foundation to empower young people and support community partnerships addressing equity in safety, education, and health. Walsh discussed his plans with Mannheimer, who recounted to Walsh the earlier conversation with Conrad. Walsh immediately seized on the idea of a memorial as an ideal project to launch the Foundation and asked Mannheimer to work with Pacers executive
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The City of
Indianapolis contributed significantly to the project by completely redesigning the southern half of King Memorial Park where the sculpture would stand. This effort amounted to a $ 350,000 addition to the total project and was overseen by the Indianapolis Parks and Recreation Department
296:
later that year. A marker near the actual spot from which
Kennedy spoke contains remnants of guns confiscated by the Indianapolis police or collected as part of a city amnesty program created in conjunction with the Indiana Pacers. The contest required the confiscated weapons to be used in the
283:
As the memorial construction got underway, the jury suggested modifications to make Perry's original design more open and inviting. These included shortening and some physical piercing of the walls to allow greater visual penetration of the entire structure. Perry worked with
Mannheimer and
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190:. Kennedy was told that riots had broken out in other cities and was advised not to make the speech, but he proceeded to address the gathered crowd at 17th and Broadway, near the site where the memorial now stands. Instead of a campaign stump speech, he delivered
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professor. They once spoke at length about the need to commemorate the events of April 4, 1968, and Robert
Kennedy's speech to a crowd gathered near the corner of 17th and Broadway streets in Indianapolis. At the time Conrad was an executive with the
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on the project. Together
Mannheimer and Jordan developed a plan to hold a national design competition to create a memorial to Martin Luther King Jr. and Robert F. Kennedy. The design competition was funded by the Pacers Foundation.
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The memorial, which features
Kennedy and King reaching out to each other, was designed and executed by Indiana artist Greg Perry. The bronze portraits were created by Indianapolis sculptor
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and his wife Diane, who had been a worker in
Kennedy's campaign at the time of his speech. Conrad suggested that should a memorial be created, the Simon family would offer its support.
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informing the crowd of King's death and urging racial reconciliation. No riots took place in
Indianapolis, a fact many attribute to the effect of Kennedy's speech.
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signed into law the
Kennedy-King National Commemorative Site Act designating the Landmark for Peace Memorial as the Kennedy-King National Commemorative Site.
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Mary Beth
Schnieder, "President Clinton's visit commemorates the night blacks, whites come together to rise above the potential violence",
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256:. From a national field of over 50 entries, the jury selected the proposal by designer Greg Perry, a 33-year-old artist from
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In April 2009, a $ 3 million expansion was planned for the memorial. Components of this expansion would include an
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walkways along a wall that abruptly end to symbolize the sudden end of the lives of King and Kennedy.
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530:"Remarks at the groundbreaking ceremony for the landmark for peace memorial in Indianapolis, Indiana"
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On April 4, 1968, Robert Kennedy flew to Indianapolis for a planned, inner-city rally promoting his
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Joseph Schwantner: New Morning for the World; Nicolas Flagello: The Passion of Martin Luther King
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1983:
1965:
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On April 4, 2018, exactly fifty years after King's assassination and Kennedy's speech, President
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443:"City to invest in spot where Robert Kennedy broke news of Martin Luther King's assassination"
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Remembrance, Faith, and Fancy: Outdoor Public Sculpture in Indiana (Indianapolis:
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is a memorial sculpture in Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Park on the northside of
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405:"How RFK Built Indianapolis a "Landmark for Peace" in Six Minutes"
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Jurors for the competition included Bret Waller, director of the
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memorial on September 30, 1995, attracted nearly 3,000 people.
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and its landscape architecture staff. The unveiling of the
206:
was originally suggested by Indiana Democratic politician,
210:. Before his death Conrad befriended Steve Mannheimer, an
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Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial Library, Washington, D.C.
3174:
African American founding fathers of the United States
1041:
Senate Committee investigation of Labor and Management
1367:
Robert F. Kennedy Center for Justice and Human Rights
280:, as well as other Indiana and national dignitaries.
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On April 4, 2018, the memorial was designated as the
3084:
Estate of Martin Luther King, Jr., Inc. v. CBS, Inc.
581:"President Donald J. Trump Signs H.R. 4851 into Law"
441:
TheStatehouseFile.com, Xain Ballenger (2023-01-16).
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2012:
1954:
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Thirteen Days: A Memoir of the Cuban Missile Crisis
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252:, and Harry Robinson, professor of architecture at
155:. It honors the contributions of the slain leaders
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75:
61:
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35:
21:
748:Indiana Law Enforcement and Firefighters Memorial
16:Memorial sculpture in Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.
1353:Robert F. Kennedy Department of Justice Building
3127:Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)
3280:Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial, San Francisco
2605:King: A Filmed Record... Montgomery to Memphis
1232:On the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr.
1015:United States senator from New York, 1965–1968
1008:64th United States Attorney General, 1961–1964
2551:Martin Luther King Jr. Records Collection Act
2545:U.S. House Select Committee on Assassinations
2089:Where Do We Go from Here: Chaos or Community?
1917:
978:
655:
8:
3316:Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Library, San Jose
566:Marcella Fleming, "'It Refreshes My Soul'",
139:Indianapolis Parks and Recreation Department
2866:Martin Luther King and the Montgomery Story
1945:Speeches, writings, movements, and protests
347:List of memorials to Martin Luther King Jr.
3285:Martin Luther King, Jr. Memorial (Compton)
3112:
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2502:
2234:
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1951:
1940:
1924:
1910:
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1101:Bedford Stuyvesant Restoration Corporation
985:
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963:
662:
648:
640:
491:"Kennedy-King National Commemorative Site"
27:
18:
2635:The Witness: From the Balcony of Room 306
916:Confederate Soldiers and Sailors Monument
3418:African-American history of Indianapolis
3348:Civil rights movement in popular culture
3154:King Center for Nonviolent Social Change
3076:Civil rights movement in popular culture
2145:March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom
1471:Crisis: Behind a Presidential Commitment
938:Indiana Statehouse Public Art Collection
342:Civil rights movement in popular culture
172:Kennedy-King National Commemorative Site
1993:Beyond Vietnam: A Time to Break Silence
358:
1421:Arch of Dignity, Equality, and Justice
186:, and was informed upon landing about
611:Diana Penner, "Building on a Dream",
7:
1240:"On the Mindless Menace of Violence"
947:
3408:Memorials to Martin Luther King Jr.
3326:Memorials to Martin Luther King Jr.
1436:Robert F. Kennedy Community Schools
1094:1964 Democratic National Convention
328:to seat 75 to 200 people, and twin
3383:Outdoor sculptures in Indianapolis
3378:Monuments and memorials in Indiana
3229:Statues of Martin Luther King Jr.
2965:King Dream Chorus and Holiday Crew
2521:(now National Civil Rights Museum)
1397:Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium
192:a five-minute improvised statement
14:
2780:Alpha Man: The Brotherhood of MLK
1002:November 20, 1925 – June 6, 1968
535:. U.S. Government Printing Office
3093:King v. Trustees of Boston Univ.
2972:"By the Time I Get to Arizona" (
2041:Second Emancipation Proclamation
1886:
1885:
946:
713:
686:Indiana World War Memorial Plaza
635:Kennedy King Memorial Initiative
380:"Dr. Martin Luther King Jr Park"
3225:Safe House Black History Museum
3144:Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial
1360:Robert F. Kennedy silver dollar
1208:Conflict in Vietnam and at Home
696:Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument
324:incorporated into the site, an
3413:Memorials to Robert F. Kennedy
3199:U.S. Capitol Rotunda sculpture
2177:Mississippi March Against Fear
528:Clinton, Bill (May 14, 1994).
1:
3403:Peace monuments and memorials
2900:March! For Martin Luther King
2121:Prayer Pilgrimage for Freedom
3388:Bronze sculptures in Indiana
3164:National Civil Rights Museum
3159:Dexter Avenue Baptist Church
2002:I've Been to the Mountaintop
1539:Robert Kennedy and His Times
899:Crown Hill National Cemetery
858:Thomas A. Hendricks Monument
365:"Symbol of peace unveiled",
3393:Steel sculptures in Indiana
3301:sculpture, Portland, Oregon
3291:Landmark for Peace Memorial
3016:"Symphony of Brotherhood" (
2939:Pride (In the Name of Love)
2161:Selma to Montgomery marches
2060:Letter from Birmingham Jail
1639:Bobby Kennedy for President
1412:Landmark for Peace Memorial
820:Landmark for Peace Memorial
762:Workers' Memorial Sculpture
670:Monuments and memorials in
629:Martin Luther King Jr. Park
290:Arlington National Cemetery
236:, president and CEO of the
79:Martin Luther King Jr. Park
22:Landmark for Peace Memorial
3434:
3189:Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity
3132:Martin Luther King Jr. Day
2913:Martin Luther King's Dream
1817:Kathleen Kennedy Cavendish
1490:"Abraham, Martin and John"
1463:Robert F. Kennedy in media
1200:Day of Affirmation Address
1158:1968 presidential campaign
428:Indiana Historical Society
250:Indianapolis Museum of Art
3342:America in the King Years
3122:
3111:
2591:
2580:
2514:
2501:
2233:
2222:
2196:Memphis sanitation strike
1950:
1939:
1883:
1481:Robert Kennedy Remembered
1151:1964 U.S. Senate election
1129:
1000:
944:
851:Robert Dale Owen Memorial
711:
26:
3149:National Historical Park
2887:Abraham, Martin and John
2365:(strategist / colleague)
2169:Chicago Freedom Movement
1833:Patricia Kennedy Lawford
1729:Douglas Harriman Kennedy
1443:Robert F. Kennedy Bridge
844:Peirce Geodetic Monument
826:Louis Chevrolet Memorial
814:Henry W. Lawton Monument
3331:King County, Washington
3184:FBI–King suicide letter
1697:Michael LeMoyne Kennedy
1549:Hoover vs. The Kennedys
1499:The Missiles of October
1087:Baldwin–Kennedy meeting
1078:Voter Education Project
864:Thomas Taggart Memorial
801:Depew Memorial Fountain
691:Medal of Honor Memorial
294:senator's assassination
202:The idea to create the
3194:Season for Nonviolence
3007:"Never Alone Martin" (
2729:"Great X-Pectations" (
2665:King in the Wilderness
2286:Martin Luther King Sr.
2262:Martin Luther King III
2204:Poor People's Campaign
2153:St. Augustine movement
2113:Montgomery bus boycott
1933:Martin Luther King Jr.
1825:Eunice Kennedy Shriver
1713:Christopher G. Kennedy
1681:Joseph Patrick Kennedy
1270:The Pursuit of Justice
1136:
1108:Mississippi Delta tour
516:The Indianapolis Star,
278:Martin Luther King III
161:Martin Luther King Jr.
2302:Christine King Farris
2294:Alberta Williams King
2079:Conscience for Change
2022:Stride Toward Freedom
1785:Joseph P. Kennedy Jr.
1769:Joseph P. Kennedy Sr.
1753:Joseph P. Kennedy III
1689:Robert F. Kennedy Jr.
1280:To Seek a Newer World
1135:
742:Indiana AIDS Memorial
737:Indiana 9/11 Memorial
613:The Indianapolis Star
568:The Indianapolis Star
555:The Indianapolis Star
184:presidential campaign
120:39.79077°N 86.14637°W
3353:Lee–Jackson–King Day
3306:Kennedy–King College
2765:"Return of the King"
1865:Mary Augusta Kennedy
1745:Maeve Kennedy McKean
1429:Kennedy–King College
1216:University of Kansas
1048:Cuban Missile Crisis
1034:1948 Palestine visit
831:McCormick Cabin Site
794:Christopher Columbus
755:The Westward Journey
495:indyencyclopedia.org
272:, two sons of King,
223:Simon Property Group
218:Herron School of Art
188:King's assassination
81:1702 N. Broadway St.
3218:Hope Moving Forward
2983:Shed a Little Light
2746:New York Undercover
2741:"The Promised Land"
2568:Conspiracy theories
2349:(mentor, colleague)
2137:Birmingham campaign
1326:Conspiracy theories
894:Crown Hill Cemetery
447:The Statehouse File
424:Glory-June Greiff,
367:South Bend Tribune,
297:memorial's design.
125:39.79077; -86.14637
116: /
3212:sculpture, Atlanta
2996:Up to the Mountain
2783:(2011 documentary)
2756:Selma, Lord, Selma
2678:(2020 documentary)
2668:(2018 documentary)
2638:(2008 documentary)
2615:Our Friend, Martin
2608:(1970 documentary)
2451:Fred Shuttlesworth
2246:Coretta Scott King
1984:How Long, Not Long
1966:Give Us the Ballot
1873:John F. Fitzgerald
1857:Patrick J. Kennedy
1841:Jean Kennedy Smith
1612:(2012 documentary)
1592:(2007 documentary)
1484:(1968 documentary)
1474:(1963 documentary)
1374:Human Rights Award
1137:
923:Greenlawn Cemetery
570:, October 1, 1995.
303:Landmark for Peace
208:Larry Allyn Conrad
204:Landmark for Peace
148:Landmark for Peace
3365:
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3361:
3360:
3336:Eponymous streets
3179:Authorship issues
3107:
3106:
3103:
3102:
2869:(1957 comic book)
2732:A Different World
2709:(1978 miniseries)
2576:
2575:
2497:
2496:
2493:
2492:
2387:Bernard Lafayette
2318:James Albert King
2218:
2217:
2214:
2213:
2069:Why We Can't Wait
1899:
1898:
1642:(2018 miniseries)
1602:(2011 miniseries)
1552:(1987 miniseries)
1542:(1985 miniseries)
1512:(1983 miniseries)
1404:Brooklyn Memorial
1172:Boiler Room Girls
1122:Hickory Hill home
994:Robert F. Kennedy
960:
959:
877:Young Abe Lincoln
808:George Washington
787:Benjamin Harrison
705:National Memorial
615:, March 30, 2009.
599:National Archives
518:January 15, 1995.
471:Pacers Foundation
430:Press, 2005), 28.
274:Dexter Scott King
258:Franklin, Indiana
254:Howard University
213:Indianapolis Star
157:Robert F. Kennedy
143:
142:
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3273:Pueblo, Colorado
3204:Oval Office bust
3113:
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2050:Strength to Love
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2005:
1996:
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1809:Rosemary Kennedy
1804:
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1673:Kathleen Kennedy
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1503:
1502:(1974 docudrama)
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1399:
1390:
1383:
1381:Journalism Award
1376:
1369:
1362:
1355:
1335:
1328:
1321:
1319:Ambassador Hotel
1314:
1294:
1284:
1274:
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1260:The Enemy Within
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1219:
1211:
1203:
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1115:Kennedy Compound
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837:Oliver P. Morton
717:
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382:. Archived from
376:
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369:October 1, 1995.
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227:Herbert A. Simon
131:
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3398:1994 sculptures
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3220:statue, Atlanta
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2825:The Mountaintop
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2716:The First Store
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2618:(1999 animated)
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2129:Albany Movement
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2019:
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1990:
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1793:John F. Kennedy
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1761:Max Kennedy Jr.
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1747:(granddaughter)
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1192:Law Day Address
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870:Wooden's Legacy
780:Abraham Lincoln
767:
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631:from Indy Parks
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589:. April 4, 2018
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557:, May 14, 1994.
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216:art critic and
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90:, United States
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39:Greg Perry and
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3210:Homage to King
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3119:
3117:Related topics
3116:
3109:
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3069:
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2956:
2947:
2934:
2926:Happy Birthday
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2721:The Jeffersons
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2519:Lorraine Motel
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2016:
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1975:I Have a Dream
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1071:Freedom Riders
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623:External links
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618:
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586:whitehouse.gov
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514:Diane Penner,
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286:Daniel Edwards
268:, RFK's widow
242:Kathryn Jordan
238:Indiana Pacers
199:
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165:Daniel Edwards
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41:Daniel Edwards
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3000:Patti Griffin
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2930:Stevie Wonder
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2770:The Boondocks
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2509:
2508:Assassination
2504:
2500:
2484:
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2464:
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2456:
2452:
2448:
2444:
2443:Bayard Rustin
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2419:Benjamin Mays
2416:
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2411:Joseph Lowery
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2379:Jesse Jackson
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2320:(grandfather)
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2018:
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2015:
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1705:Kerry Kennedy
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1559:Thirteen Days
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1312:Sirhan Sirhan
1309:
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1304:
1303:Assassination
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3018:Miri Ben-Ari
2987:James Taylor
2974:Public Enemy
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2540:Jack Kershaw
2483:Andrew Young
2467:Wyatt Walker
2459:C. T. Vivian
2435:James Orange
2395:James Lawson
2278:Bernice King
2254:Yolanda King
2188:War movement
2185:Anti-Vietnam
2104:and protests
2087:
2077:
2067:
2048:
2032:What Is Man?
2020:
1890:
1777:Rose Kennedy
1737:Rory Kennedy
1665:Ethel Skakel
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1599:The Kennedys
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1589:RFK Must Die
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597:– via
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537:. Retrieved
523:
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497:. 2021-04-26
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384:the original
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84:Indianapolis
3263:Mexico City
3253:Jersey City
3057:John Legend
3009:Jason Upton
2857:Illustrated
2845:All the Way
2815:The Meeting
2688:(2023 film)
2658:(2016 film)
2655:All the Way
2648:(2014 film)
2628:(2001 film)
2556:Loyd Jowers
2485:(colleague)
2477:(colleague)
2469:(colleague)
2461:(colleague)
2453:(colleague)
2437:(colleague)
2429:(colleague)
2413:(colleague)
2405:(colleague)
2397:(colleague)
2389:(colleague)
2373:(colleague)
2363:James Bevel
2357:(colleague)
2326:Alveda King
2270:Dexter King
2155:(1963–1964)
2131:(1961–1962)
2115:(1955–1956)
1849:Ted Kennedy
1721:Max Kennedy
1656:family tree
1632:(2016 film)
1622:(2013 film)
1582:(2006 film)
1572:(2002 film)
1562:(2000 film)
1532:(1985 film)
1529:Prince Jack
1522:(1983 film)
1492:(1968 song)
772:Individuals
266:Ted Kennedy
123: /
97:Coordinates
3372:Categories
3321:Paris park
3043:featuring
2904:John Fahey
2697:Television
2427:Diane Nash
2403:John Lewis
2355:Ella Baker
2310:A. D. King
2280:(daughter)
2256:(daughter)
1801:presidency
1763:(grandson)
1755:(grandson)
1739:(daughter)
1707:(daughter)
1675:(daughter)
1519:Blood Feud
1388:Book Award
1343:Legacy and
1224:Ball State
887:Cemeteries
731:Coal Miner
501:2024-01-17
476:2024-01-17
452:2024-01-17
390:2010-01-04
353:References
330:elliptical
292:after the
264:, Senator
178:Background
111:86°08′47″W
108:39°47′27″N
3299:The Dream
3258:Milwaukee
3045:will.i.am
2445:(advisor)
2381:(protégé)
2312:(brother)
2102:Movements
1851:(brother)
1787:(brother)
1345:memorials
1333:Gravesite
1165:primaries
1143:Electoral
539:March 16,
316:Expansion
2421:(mentor)
2304:(sister)
2296:(mother)
2288:(father)
2062:" (1963)
2034:" (1959)
2013:Writings
2004:" (1968)
1995:" (1967)
1986:" (1965)
1977:" (1963)
1968:" (1957)
1956:Speeches
1892:Category
1843:(sister)
1835:(sister)
1827:(sister)
1819:(sister)
1811:(sister)
1795:(brother
1779:(mother)
1771:(father)
1184:Speeches
679:Military
593:April 7,
336:See also
232:In 1994
76:Location
3248:Houston
3233:Atlanta
3169:Big Six
3137:passage
3068:Related
3053:"Glory"
3037:A Dream
2917:Strawbs
2835:I Dream
2797:, 2024)
2773:, 2006)
2749:, 1997)
2735:, 1993)
2724:, 1980)
2675:MLK/FBI
2625:Boycott
2530:Funeral
2339:leaders
2328:(niece)
1652:Family,
1509:Kennedy
1455:culture
1453:Popular
953:Commons
933:Related
198:History
88:Indiana
52: (
3268:Newark
3243:Denver
3238:Boston
3041:Common
2954:" (U2)
2848:(2012)
2838:(2010)
2828:(2009)
2818:(1987)
2790:Genius
2759:(1999)
2685:Rustin
2547:(HSCA)
2248:(wife)
2238:Family
2228:People
2206:(1968)
2198:(1968)
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2147:(1963)
2139:(1963)
2123:(1957)
2092:(1967)
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1667:(wife)
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1293:(1969)
1283:(1967)
1273:(1964)
1263:(1960)
1242:(1968)
1234:(1968)
1226:(1968)
1218:(1968)
1210:(1968)
1202:(1966)
1194:(1961)
1055:ExComm
908:Former
723:Groups
66:bronze
36:Artist
2878:Music
2806:Plays
2795:MLK/X
2645:Selma
2586:Media
2561:Trial
2525:Riots
2337:Other
2272:(son)
2264:(son)
1731:(son)
1723:(son)
1715:(son)
1699:(son)
1691:(son)
1683:(son)
1609:Ethel
1579:Bobby
1251:Books
533:(PDF)
136:Owner
2891:Dion
2706:King
2596:Film
1026:Life
701:USS
595:2018
541:2013
412:2016
276:and
159:and
145:The
68:and
62:Type
54:1994
50:1994
47:Year
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