446:(who was present) the original intention was to call it the âBritish Association of Garden Architectsâ. She told Tony Aldous, who was commissioned by the LI to write a book on its history, that âMost of the people who started the institute were only doing private gardens, you must rememberâ. So âIf we had called it Landscape Gardeners, it would have taken us much longer to arrive at the full scope the profession has today - if we had arrived at allâ. She also told Aldous that âThomas Adams persuaded the founding members to follow the American lead and for âLandscape Architectsâ The decision to change its name to the Institute of Landscape Architects (ILA) was taken in 1930 and the new institute was launched. The Objects of the ILA were defined in Clause 2 of its first Constitution (drafted by Gilbert Henry Jenkins): âThe Institute shall be formed to promote the study and general advancement of the Art of Landscape Architecture in all its branches, and to serve as a medium of friendly intercourse between the members and others practising or interested in the Artâ. In Clause 3, ten Methods of Achievement were set out: Establish suitable headquarters; Arrange lectures; Prepare sets of lantern slides; Promote the publication of a Journal; Arrange periodical exhibitions; Found a Library; Educate the public in the Art of Landscape Architecture; Secure the establishment of one or more Training Centres; Organise visits to good examples of Landscape Architecture; Hold Conferences with other Societies who can assist in promoting the Art of Landscape Architecture. The journal of the new institute had the title
221:
Landscape
Institute royal charter was granted in 1997 and revised in 2008 and 2016. Its objects and purposes are specified as follows (in Clause 5. (1): âThe objects and purposes for which the Institute is hereby constituted are to protect, conserve and enhance the natural and built environment for the benefit of the public by promoting the arts and sciences of Landscape Architecture (as such expression is hereinafter defined) and its several applications and for that purpose to foster and encourage the dissemination of knowledge relating to Landscape Architecture and the promotion of research and education therein, and in particular to establish, uphold and advance the standards of education, qualification, competence and conduct of those who practice Landscape Architecture as a profession, and to determine standards and criteria for education, training and experience.â
407:
487:
171:
20:
586:
245:
284:
577:, a partnership initiative which worked with social landlords and housing associations to highlight the importance of, and raise the overall quality of design and management for, open and green space in social housing. It is also represented on the Board of The Parks Alliance and Building with Nature and has Memoranda of Understanding with the Institute of Place Management (IPM) and Landscapes for Life (the National Association for Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty NAAOB).
515:. Following this they proceed along the Pathway to Chartership (P2C), a mentored and supervised programme of learning which culminates in an interview with two examiners who are senior members of the profession, once the candidate has attained an agreed level of competency. This process was formerly known as 'Part IV' of the Landscape Institute's own design examination. Parts I to III were replaced by the system of accredited degree courses in the mid-1980s.
159:
594:
archive collections began in the 1990s as landscape architects died and their collections were bequeathed, donated, or actively collected by the institute. In 2013, the
Landscape Institute Archive and Library was gifted to the Museum of English Rural Life (MERL) at the University of Reading and is available to Institute members, researchers and members of the public. It receives financial support from the Landscape Institute.
395:
518:âLandscape Architectâ is not a protected title in the UK (unlike the title âarchitectâ there is no state register). However, it is a regulated profession and the UK Government recognises the Landscape Institute as the regulating body . It would therefore be fraudulent to use the title 'Chartered Member of the Landscape Institute' and the designation 'CMLI' if one was not a chartered member.
570:, which aimed to raise awareness of landscape as a profession; improve and increase access to landscape education; and inspire young people to choose landscape as a career. This campaign included other landscape-related professions such as landscape management, landscape planning, landscape science and urban design.
467:(in 1914) and had extensive experience of planning and landscape architecture in the US and Canada. The broadening of the workload accelerated when Geoffrey Jellicoe became president of the ILA in 1939. He visited the US in 1942 and, like Adams, was impressed by the range of work undertaken by members of the
478:
But the expansion was a success and the fruits of the ILA's promotion of landscape architecture are detailed in the chapters of Tony Aldousâ Chapter 3: public clients; Chapter 4 new towns; Chapter 5 university campuses; Chapter 6; Whitehall; Chapter 7: roads; Chapter 8: power, steel, rail, canals
426:
had been the first two men to use the term âlandscape architectâ in the sense established by
Frederick Law Olmsted's office. Mawson's article contributed to the formation of a new body but there was a disagreement about what name it should have. It came to be called the Town Planning Institute (TPI)
377:
UK use of the term âlandscape architectâ (âgarden designerâ) tailed off towards the end of the nineteenth century. It was
Olmsted's long and brilliant career that led to it becoming famous and being associated with public projects: for parks, greenways, open space systems and urban design. His most
274:
From the 1950s to the 1980s, the public sector (particularly local authorities) was the largest employer of landscape architects, with a minority working in private practice. In the 21st century, and especially following public spending reforms post-2009, a greater majority of landscape architects
1144:
An encyclopĂŚdia of gardening : comprising the theory and practice of horticulture, floriculture, arboriculture and landscape gardening : including all the latest improvements ; a general history of gardening in all countries ; and a statistical view of its present state ;
267:(1946) which led to a requirement for special attention to the âlandscape treatmentâ of New Towns, and thus to the first salaried jobs for landscape architects in the public service. The European Environmental Impact Assessment Directive EIA Directive (85/337/EEC) (1985) led new jobs in preparing
482:
In 1977, the
Institute of Landscape Architects changed its name to the Landscape Institute and expanded its membership to include landscape managers and landscape scientists, as well as the landscape architects who remain the largest specialism. The collective name for the various specialists is
593:
The
Institute of Landscape Architects (the Landscape Institute's previous name), built up a collection of library books and archives relating to the practice of design and management with the purpose of creating a national landscape collection. The library was formally established in 1967. The
318:
c30,000 BC as the âFirst
Landscapes consciously conceived by manâ. Newton, defines âlandscape architectureâ as the art âof arranging land, together with the spaces and objects upon it, for safe, efficient, healthful, pleasant human useâ and writes that âthe ancient art became a new profession
220:
The LI seeks to promote landscape architecture and to regulate the landscape profession with a code of conduct that members must abide by. The LI had âover 900â members at its fortieth birthday (in 1969) and by 1978 had over 1,500 members. In 2019 the total membership of the LI was 5,613. The
510:
The
Affiliate membership category is an open category with minimal requirements. To become a professional member, however, candidates must first have completed an LI-accredited university course or alternatively be assessed as a special case for admission as an
453:
The early membership of the ILA was mostly garden designers and architects. Some of the garden designers (including
Stanley Hart) left because of the restriction that members of the new institute must not earn money from trade. Inspired by the practice of the
526:
The activities of the LI include maintaining a membership database, member communications, newsletters, the
Journal, CPD, professional examinations, enforcing a Code of Practice, policy and technical outputs, and advocacy. The LI's publications include:
38:
334:
Though its use as a professional title is American, the origin of the term âlandscape architectâ is European. Charles Waldheim identifies two possible nineteenth century origins: in France and in the UK. The possible French origin comes from
166:. Though often described as 'Britain's most famous landscape architect' Brown was born two centuries before the formation of what is now the UK Landscape Institute and one century before the invention of the term 'landscape architecture'
366:. The publicity given to the term âlandscape architectureâ by Loudon led to the term âlandscape architectâ used by some British garden designers from the mid-nineteenth century onwards. The most notable example is its use in 1849 by
458:
members had to declare that âI am not engaged in the sale of anything connected with gardening, nor am I financially interested in any commercial gardening undertakingâ The focus of the ILA began to expand beyond gardening when
339:. He was an âarchitect, engineer, and garden designerâ and he âis credited with the formulation ââarchitecte-paysagisteâââ. This possibility was identified in the late nineteenth century and researched by Disponzio.
1170:
An EncyclopĂŚdia of Cottage, Farm, and Villa Architecture and Furniture; containing numerous designs for dwellings, from the cottage to the villa ... each design accompanied by analytical and critical remarks
475:(IFLA). To my mind, the expansion to include public projects was obviously right - but turning away from garden design was obviously wrong. It was like excluding poetry from a course on English literature.
413:
Discussion of the need for landscape architecture to have a professional body in the UK began with a 1911 article on ââThe Position and Prospects for Landscape Architecture in Englandââ. It was written by
1592:
263:
The growth of landscape architecture has been led by its membership and supported by its secretariat and by government legislation since the 1940s, The relevant legislation included the
342:
The possible UK origin was identified in 1982 and researched by Nina Antonetti in 2012. She traces the term âlandscape architectureâ to Meason and its use as professional title to
217:, âIt is only in the present century that the collective landscape has emerged as a social necessity. We are promoting a landscape art on a scale never conceived of in history.â
540:
434:
Stanley V Hart was concerned at the lack of unity in the British section of the International Exhibition of Garden Design (held in October 1928) and used an advertisement in
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1251:
1023:
472:
233:
808:
602:
Presidents of the Landscape Institute are elected by LI members for a two-year term. Past presidents of the Institute of Landscape Architects/Landscape Institute
386:
of green space in Boston. This was the sense in which âlandscape architectureâ returned to the UK and was adopted by the Landscape Institute, as described below.
1602:
402:, who became the first President of the Institute of Landscape Architects, began with garden design, moved to public parks and extended to civic design
490:
Cover of the Journal of the Institute of Landscape Architects (JILA) for March 1955. The ILA logo was designed by Colin Gill (a cousin of Eric Gill)
468:
479:
and airports; Chapter 9: forestry and reservoirs; Chapter 10: local authorities; Chapter 11: mineral extraction; Chapter 12: corporate clients.
1218:
486:
1315:
455:
406:
764:
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882:
803:
788:
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370:. Nesfield described himself as a landscape architect on his submitted plan for the garden of Britain's most famous residence,
268:
1382:
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1007:
982:
862:
170:
464:
428:
174:
The 1951 Festival of Britain was one of first prestige public projects on which British landscape architects were engaged
471:(ASLA). Richard Sudell supported the broadening of the workload. In 1948 Jellicoe became the founding president of the
737:
435:
198:, landscape planners, landscape scientists and landscape managers. The LI also has a category for academic members.
418:
and argued for the creation of a Society of Landscape Architects. When working on the Dunfermline Competition for
294:âLandscape architectureâ is a modern name for an ancient art. The development of the ancient art is analysed by
1527:
1419:
818:
749:
460:
367:
343:
585:
346:. Meason's book was published in 1828 and deals with the relationship between buildings and their settings.
244:
19:
783:
758:
191:
83:
907:
1245:
324:
589:
The Landscape Institute's Library and Archive is housed at the Museum of English Rural Life in Reading
319:
officially, when in 1863 the title Landscape Architect was first used by the state-appointed Board of
283:
98:
828:
770:
574:
347:
439:
253:
249:
1582:
1200:
1124:
1017:
798:
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500:
1398:
1183:
Antonetti, Nina (2012). "William Andrews Nesfield and the origins of the landscape architect".
1107:
Antonetti, Nina (2012). "William Andrews Nesfield and the origins of the landscape architect".
1378:
1353:
1311:
1270:
1236:
Mawson, Thomas, H. (1911). "The Position and Prospects of Landscape Architecture in England".
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978:
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1420:"#ChooseLandscape launches next month â here's how to get involved | Landscape Institute"
543:, launched a campaign to increase the number of Landscape Architects in the UK. Entitled
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668:
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The landscape gardening and landscape architecture of the late Humphry Repton, esq
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1054:
Tradition and innovation in French garden art : chapters of a new history
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556:
877:
Aldous, T., with Clouston, B., Landscape by design. Wm Heinemann Ltd., 1979
24:
450:
and was edited by a well-known garden designer and author: Richard Sudell.
1473:
264:
1219:"The origins of landscape architecture a professional title and an art"
1092:
Turner, T.H.D. (1982). "Scottish Origins of ' Landscape Architecture".
315:
150:
1559:
1077:
Waldheim, Charles (2014). "Introduction: landscape as architecture".
1037:
Waldheim, Charles (2014). "Introduction: landscape as architecture".
463:
became its president in 1937. He had been the first president of the
354:, which he edited, and in two of the encyclopedias he published: the
323:
Commissioners in New York City. It had been employed unofficially by
94:
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1459:
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www.reading.ac.uk/merl/collections/Archives_A_to_Z/merl-SR_LI.aspx/
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405:
393:
282:
243:
169:
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18:
1056:. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 154.
350:
welcomed the new term 'landscape architect' and used it in the
1145:
with suggestions for its future progress, in the British isles
23:
The landscape profession was inspired by the classical world.
1565:
IFLA International Federation of Landscape Architects website
1564:
1000:
Design on the land: the development of landscape architecture
499:
LI members include landscape designers, landscape managers,
1079:
Studies in the History of Gardens & Designed Landscapes
1052:
Hunt, John Dixon; Conan, Michel; Goldstein, Claire (2002).
1039:
Studies in the History of Gardens & Designed Landscapes
566:
initiative was replaced by a new careers campaign entitled
362:(1838). Loudon also used it in the title of his 1840 book:
438:
to invite interested parties to attend a meeting at the
213:
in 1997. In the words of its longest serving president,
190:
for the landscape profession. Its membership includes
162:
The landscape park at Blenheim Palace was designed by
1593:
Professional associations based in the United Kingdom
248:
After many years as a car park (for civil servants)
897:(in members section of Landscape Institute website)
529:
Guidance for Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment
146:
136:
126:
116:
106:
90:
78:
70:
52:
44:
1291:
1172:. Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green & Longman.
1147:. Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green. p. 128.
573:The LI was one of the steering group partners of
360:Encyclopedia of Cottage, Farm, Villa Architecture
240:Development of the landscape profession in the UK
895:Landscape Institute Performance Report 2018/2019
473:International Federation of Landscape Architects
234:International Federation of Landscape Architects
224:The Landscape Institute publishes the journal
431:(RTPI). Mawson became its president in 1923.
8:
1302:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1250:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1022:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
279:History of the term âlandscape architectureâ
30:
1399:"Join the LI | Landscape Institute Members"
82:Promoting the activities and profession of
857:. Thames and Hudson. p. Book Jacket.
358:(from the 1835 edition onwards) and the
36:
29:
1598:1929 establishments in the United Kingdom
547:, it focused on increasing the number of
469:American Society of Landscape Architects
290:lived in Grove Terrace, Highgate, London
1299:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
845:
1560:Landscape Institute (website official)
1440:"Choose Your Career â Chooselandscape"
1243:
1015:
973:Jellicoe, Geoffrey and Susan (1975).
934:"Journal Issue | Landscape Institute"
853:Jellicoe, Geoffrey and Susan (1975).
456:Royal Institute of British Architects
7:
275:are employed in the private sector.
977:. Thames & Hudson. p. 14.
259:as a parade ground and civic square
86:in the United Kingdom and elsewhere
954:"Landscape Institute ¡ IFLA World"
564:I want to be a Landscape Architect
545:I want to be a Landscape Architect
14:
1603:Organizations established in 1929
1338:ILA ââQuarterly Notesââ No.6 1932
804:Schools of landscape architecture
789:History of landscape architecture
203:Institute of Landscape Architects
1223:Landscape Architects Association
269:environmental impact assessments
814:Environmental impact assessment
613:2016-18 Merrick Denton-Thompson
1352:. Heinemann. pp. 120â29.
1269:. Heinemann. pp. 120â29.
1168:Loudon, John Claudius (1835).
1142:Loudon, John Claudius (1835).
1002:. Belknap Press. p. xxi.
539:In 2008, the LI, supported by
1:
809:Construction Industry Council
533:Visualisation of Development,
531:3rd Ed. (jointly with IEMA),
429:Royal Town Planning Institute
122:c. 5,600 landscape architects
1418:Gosling, Ben (7 June 2018).
1326:UK public library membership
1197:10.1080/01433768.2012.671037
1121:10.1080/01433768.2012.671037
998:Newton, Norman, T. (1971).
709:1963-65 Leslie Milner-White
503:, landscape scientists and
483:âlandscape professionalsâ.
398:The professional career of
58:; 95 years ago
1619:
232:), and is a member of the
201:Founded in 1929-30 as the
16:UK-based professional body
682:1975-77 William Gillespie
390:History of the ILA and LI
356:Encyclopedia of Gardening
310:. Jellicoe describes the
35:
1238:The Town Planning Review
819:English landscape garden
655:1989-91 Andrew Bannister
436:The Gardeners' Chronicle
368:William Andrews Nesfield
344:William Andrews Nesfield
1555:ChooseLandscape website
1290:Downs, Annabel (2008).
1225:. LAA. 4 November 2015.
754:1935-37 Gilbert Jenkins
649:1993-95 Michael Ellison
625:2008-10 Neil Williamson
465:Town Planning Institute
1588:Landscape architecture
1474:"Building with Nature"
1308:10.1093/ref:odnb/96803
1094:Landscape Architecture
914:. LI. 11 February 2016
912:Landscape Institute UK
784:Landscape architecture
759:Edward Prentice-Mawson
724:1955-57 Richard Sudell
712:1961-63 Peter Youngman
643:1997-99 Richard Burden
590:
491:
442:in 1929. According to
410:
403:
291:
260:
175:
167:
151:Landscape Institute LI
84:landscape architecture
27:
1510:"Landscapes for Life"
1373:Aldous, Tony (1979).
1348:Aldous, Tony (1979).
1265:Aldous, Tony (1979).
908:"Governing documents"
700:1967-69 Brian Hackett
688:1971-73 Derek Lovejoy
679:1977-79 Arnold Weddle
664:1983-85 David Randall
658:1987-89 Cedric Lisney
631:2004-06 Kathryn Moore
588:
489:
409:
397:
378:famous projects were
331:beginning in 1858â.
325:Frederick Law Olmsted
286:
247:
173:
161:
22:
1478:Building with Nature
1460:"The Parks Alliance"
855:The Landscape of Man
829:History of gardening
661:1985-87 John Whalley
637:2000-02 David Jarvis
628:2006-08 Nigel Thorne
607:2020-22 Jane Findlay
575:Neighbourhoods Green
448:Landscape and garden
422:, Thomas Mawson and
382:in New York and the
348:John Claudius Loudon
209:), it was granted a
192:landscape architects
142:LI Board of Trustees
1514:Landscapes for Life
1375:Landscape by design
1350:Landscape by design
1267:Landscape by design
727:1953-55 James Adams
715:1959-61 Frank Clark
691:1971 Cliff Tandy
685:1973-75 Cliff Tandy
634:2002-04 Rod Edwards
616:2014-16 Noel Farrer
581:Library and archive
555:students taking LI
440:Chelsea Flower Show
254:landscape architect
250:Horse Guards Parade
180:Landscape Institute
32:
31:Landscape Institute
1492:"Place Management"
799:Landscape planning
794:Landscape urbanism
652:1991-93 Hugh Clamp
640:1999-2000 Tim Gale
622:2010-12 Jo Watkins
619:2012-14 Sue Illman
610:2018-20 Adam White
591:
562:In July 2018, the
537:BIM for Landscape.
501:landscape planners
492:
411:
404:
352:Gardeners Magazine
308:Design on the land
292:
261:
176:
168:
28:
1324:(Subscription or
1317:978-0-19-861412-8
1185:Landscape History
1109:Landscape History
1081:. 187â191 (34:3).
1041:. 187â191 (34:3).
834:Geoffrey Jellicoe
744:Geoffrey Jellicoe
646:1995-97 Alan Tate
420:Pittencrieff Park
372:Buckingham Palace
296:Geoffrey Jellicoe
288:Geoffrey Jellicoe
215:Geoffrey Jellicoe
188:professional body
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74:Professional body
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1293:"Richard Sudell"
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1240:. 225â229 (2:3).
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694:1969-71 John St
568:#ChooseLandscape
384:Emerald Necklace
337:Jean-Marie Morel
304:Norman T. Newton
300:Landscape of Man
252:was restored by
230:Landscape Design
186:) is a UK based
164:Capability Brown
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1096:. 52â55 (72:3).
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705:Peter Shepheard
696:Bodfan Gruffydd
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427:and is now the
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196:urban designers
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598:Presidents
557:accredited
522:Activities
495:Membership
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