134:"Careful study of the different police agencies makes it evident that many do not have adequate infrastructure, and they are lacking in basic services or the spaces that are necessary for police activities (e.g., holding cells). In other cases, they do not even have their own building. Higher level technological resources (phones, fax, internet connection, computers, software) are relatively rare or, if present, are found only at central headquarters. Lack of, or deficiencies in, infrastructure are most marked for the municipal police.… he majority of police agencies are unable to assign a firearm to each officer on duty; neither are there sufficient handcuffs or bullet-proof vests. Some agencies have only one firearm for the whole force."
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was not substantially reformed, and "the criminal justice system remained a blemish on this image of democracy". A small 1987 survey found that 74% of prisoners said that the police tortured them. The police relied heavily on obtaining confession evidence, and for poor defendants a lack of effective
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In addition, each of
Venezuela's 23 states has its own police force, numbering around 50,000 officers altogether. Finally, since 1989's decentralization legislation, many municipalities have set up their own police forces. Both state and municipal/city police forces report to the Federal Ministry of
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Other aspects of the justice system conspired to make this worse: "Venezuelan criminal procedure crushed poor and uneducated defendants in its
Kafkaesque gears." Prisons were extremely violent, with a high probability of death or rape; and about 70% of prisoners were awaiting a judge's decision.
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The recommendations given by the CONAREPOL have resulted in the 2009 establishment of the
Policia Nacional Bolivariana by the passing of two required laws for its establishment by the National Assembly, thus making it the youngest ever national police force to be established in Latin America.
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In 2006 a
National Commission on Police Reform (CONAREPOL, from the Spanish name) conducted studies aimed at reforming the police, in consultation with police and local communities. It found that
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In general, the
Commission found, "bureaucracy is weakly developed: three-quarters of state and municipal forces do not have a manual for procedures and two-thirds lack an organizational manual".
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Antillano, A. (eds) (2007) "Caracteristicas de la polica venezolana."
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La polica venezolana: Desarrollo institucional y perspectivas de reforma al inicio del Tercer
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Birkbeck, Christopher (2009), "Venezuela: the shifting organizational framework for the police",
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1, pp. 64-158. Comision
Nacional para la Reforma Policial, Caracas; cited in Birkbeck (2009)
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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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defence lawyers "led to frequent convictions of innocent people".
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819:Guayana Esequiba (Reclamation area)
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158:Dirección de Inteligencia Militar
948:Ecological Movement of Venezuela
294:Law enforcement in South America
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152:Bolivarian Intelligence Service
120:radically reformed criminal law
510:Restorative Liberal Revolution
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1266:Law enforcement in Venezuela
191:Police Practice and Research
83:Policía Nacional Bolivariana
55:Law enforcement in Venezuela
884:Democratic Unity Roundtable
873:People's Electoral Movement
807:Supreme Tribunal of Justice
146:Secret police organizations
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580:2017 constitutional crisis
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853:Movement We Are Venezuela
709:Human rights in Venezuela
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555:1992 coup d'état attempts
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31:This article needs to be
726:Administrative divisions
585:2019 presidential crisis
565:2002 coup d'état attempt
500:Revindicating Revolution
259:Venezuela murder mystery
699:Corruption in Venezuela
1024:Science and technology
938:Movement for Socialism
848:United Socialist Party
570:2002–03 general strike
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254:Le Monde Diplomatique
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924:Agreement for Change
863:For Social Democracy
839:Great Patriotic Pole
704:Torture in Venezuela
673:World Heritage Sites
648:Environmental issues
107:Marcos Pérez Jiménez
1110:List of Venezuelans
933:Progressive Advance
721:Crisis in Venezuela
475:War of Independence
66:Ministry of Defence
1100:Indigenous peoples
1034:Telecommunications
631:metropolitan areas
171:Crime in Venezuela
111:Juan Vicente Gómez
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1198:coat of arms
1075:Demographics
1019:Oil industry
1009:Cooperatives
898:Popular Will
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743:Constitution
595:Coups d'état
545:El Porteñazo
520:World War II
375:Dependencies
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43:October 2014
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15:
1095:Immigration
982:Agriculture
643:Earthquakes
505:1895 crisis
495:Federal War
465:New Granada
1158:Literature
1090:Healthcare
590:Civil wars
177:References
1125:Squatting
1105:Languages
1085:Education
1044:Transport
992:Companies
903:A New Era
785:President
778:President
748:Elections
609:Geography
441:Venezuela
364:Venezuela
309:Argentina
101:1958-1998
1260:Category
1240:Category
1178:Religion
1120:Refugees
1080:Diaspora
987:Currency
868:Tupamaro
812:In exile
768:Missions
763:Military
687:Politics
550:Caracazo
445:articles
354:Suriname
344:Paraguay
329:Colombia
165:See also
1224:Outline
1188:Symbols
1153:Cuisine
1140:Culture
1058:Society
1039:Tourism
970:Economy
829:Parties
800:Cabinet
731:Regions
638:Climate
621:Borders
453:History
359:Uruguay
334:Ecuador
314:Bolivia
154:(SEBIN)
96:History
33:updated
1245:Portal
1193:anthem
1148:Cinema
1014:Energy
736:States
626:Cities
575:Crisis
443:
339:Guyana
319:Brazil
68:. The
1231:Index
1183:Sport
1173:Music
1163:Media
1130:Women
1070:Crime
997:PDVSA
943:COPEI
658:Flora
653:Fauna
324:Chile
160:(DIM)
1203:flag
790:List
714:LGBT
349:Peru
60:The
1002:CVG
377:and
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198:^
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482:(
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