Knowledge (XXG)

Law for Protection of the Nation

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Foreign Ministry confirmed the policy that from April 1939, Jews from Germany, Romania, Poland, Italy, and what remained of Czechoslovakia (and later Hungary) would be required to obtain consent from the ministry to secure entry, transit, or passage visas. Nevertheless, at least 430 visas (and probably around 1,000) were issued by Bulgarian diplomats to foreign Jews, of which there were as many as 4,000 in Bulgaria in 1941. On 1 April 1941 the Police Directorate allowed the departure of 302 Jewish refugees, mostly underage, from Central Europe for the express purpose of Bulgaria "freeing itself from the foreign element".
2031: 5112: 40: 5122: 2388:, that the Jewish minority of Bulgaria posed no "threat to national security" as alleged by its proponents, and that the legislation was in any case immoral, invoking the "national tolerance" of Bulgarians. Objections were instantly raised, and numerous open letters, petitions, and demands for audiences with the Tsar and Prime Minister 2445:
instead of the regular armed forces. Mandatory conscription applied from August 1941: initially men 20-44 were drafted, with the age limit rising to 45 in July 1942 and 50 a year later. Jewish soldiers and officers were transferred to the Labour Corps, initially retaining their ranks and privileges.
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Although anti-Jewish measures were seen as supporting the aim of Bulgaria's territorial expansion via closer with alignment to Germany among politicians and the royal court of Tsar Boris, the bill's announcement in October 1940 divided opinion among Bulgarian society and elite. Opponents argued that
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The bill made legislative progress through the winter of late 1940, with parliament reviewing the it on the 15, 19, and 20 November. The week before the debates over the bill continued to second reading on 20 December 1940, a ship carrying 326 Bulgarian Jewish and other Jewish refugees heading to
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introduced restrictions on foreign Jews as well. In late 1938 and early 1939 Bulgarian police officials and the Interior Ministry were already increasingly opposed to the admittance of Jewish refugees from persecution in Central Europe. In response to a query by British diplomats in Sofia, the
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forbade to granting of citizenship to Jews in the subsequently occupied territories, and no action was taken to determine the status of any of the inhabitants at all until 1942. Jews were merely issued with identity cards in a different colour to non-Jews'. A decree-law issued on 10 June 1942
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in August 1939, had competed with other such nations to curry favour with Nazi Germany by gestures of antisemitic legislation. Bulgaria was economically dependent on Germany, with 65% Bulgaria's trade in 1939 accounted for by Germany, and militarily bound by an arms deal. Bulgarian extreme
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and Jews were forbidden to employ Bulgarian household staff. Jews could not move residence without police permission, while the Council of Ministers and Interior Ministry were empowered to decide where Jews were to be allowed to live. Jews were required within one month of the
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provided for the introduction of quotas limiting the numbers of Jews allowed in professions and financial limits were imposed on capital defined as Jewish in publishing, banking, the arms trade, credit firms, the pharmaceutical and medical sectors, leisure, and the arts.
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Jews converted to Christianity before 1 September 1940 were exempted from classification as Jews, as were those whose had married a person "of Bulgarian descent" before that date and who had subsequently converted before the law's enactment.
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These were soon lost however, as from 1942 it was deemed inappropriate for Jews to serve in the military and they were transferred to civil labour battalions (typically with harsher conditions and fewer privileges than in the military).
2104:'s provisions were applied beyond Bulgaria's pre-war borders to territories occupied by the Bulgarian army, as well as claimed and administered by Bulgaria. This culminated in the deaths of most Jews living in these areas in the 2174:, formulated under German pressure. A citizenship law followed on 21 November 1940, which transferred Bulgarian citizenship to the inhabitants of the annexed territory, including to around 500 Jews, alongside the territory's 2425:
Citizens of Jewish origin were also banned from certain public areas, restricted economically, and marriages between Jews and Bulgarians were prohibited. Jews were forced to pay a one-time tax of 20 percent of their
3038: 2674: 4112: 973: 2410:, ex-minister, diplomat and law professor Petko Stajnov, and from Communist members of parliament Ljuben Djugmedžiev and Todor Poljakov. Member of the ruling majority Ivan Petrov lobbied against his government. 2372:. Likewise, military war orphans and veterans (volunteers, not conscripts) who had been disabled or awarded medals or honours were exempt. Distinctions of this kind were increasingly overlooked later in WWII. 3063: 4601: 2565: 1474: 2517:) on 26 August 1942, which tightened restrictions on Jews, widened the definition of Jewishness, and increased the burdens of proof required to prove non-Jewish status and exemptions ( 2231:
on 14 December with 230 lives lost. Of the 160 seats in the National Assembly, a majority of between 115 and 121 members voted with the government. The parliament ratified the bill on
3664: 517: 2280:'s second chapter ordered measures for the definition, identification, segregation, and economic and social marginalization of Jews. The definition of "persons of Jewish origin" ( 2375:
Foreign Jews were forbidden to claim Bulgarian citizenship by naturalization in Bulgaria, a measure that in December 1940 was directed at recently-arrived Central European Jews.
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Hoppe, Jens (2007). "Juden als Feinde Bulgarians? Zur Politik gengenüber den bulgarischen Juden in der Zwischenkriegszeit". In Dahlmann, Dittmar; Hilbrenner, Anke (eds.).
4996: 4379: 1885: 1248: 3818: 2017: 679: 3739: 592: 2537:. Exemptions for war orphans, war widows, and the disabled veterans were henceforth applicable only "in the event of competition with other Jews", and all such 4384: 1253: 4354: 3960: 3502: 1223: 821: 347: 3649: 502: 3067: 3584: 3472: 3205: 429: 317: 5097: 3823: 3594: 3412: 3397: 3392: 3238: 1986: 684: 439: 257: 242: 237: 67: 5125: 3654: 3377: 3021: 2749: 2714: 2488:
From early in the war, Bulgarian occupation authorities in Greece and Yugoslavia handed over Jewish refugees fleeing from Axis Europe to the
507: 222: 3039:"Contrasting Destinies: The Plight of Bulgarian Jews and the Jews in Bulgarian-occupied Greek and Yugoslav Territories during World War Two" 2675:"Contrasting Destinies: The Plight of Bulgarian Jews and the Jews in Bulgarian-occupied Greek and Yugoslav Territories during World War Two" 4160: 3477: 3289: 2560: 2010: 1029: 322: 126: 2529:. Bulgarian Jews married to non-Jews by Christian rite before 1 September 1940 and baptized before the 23 January 1941 enforcement of the 4806: 4476: 4389: 4280: 3950: 3770: 3402: 3387: 2202: 1687: 1345: 1258: 1149: 811: 629: 247: 232: 5166: 5146: 4374: 3850: 1243: 711: 4022: 2473:) confirmed that the "liberated" territories' Jewish residents were ineligible for Bulgarian citizenship. This effectively made them 883: 5151: 3855: 3341: 3319: 3172: 2996: 2963: 2931: 2906: 2877: 2840: 716: 178: 156: 4759: 4496: 3955: 3845: 1640: 1365: 816: 706: 4349: 3862: 3624: 3417: 2550: 2267: 2003: 1218: 723: 477: 262: 3629: 482: 5156: 3487: 332: 5028: 4744: 3467: 2442: 1917: 1625: 312: 2399:. Professional organizations, notably the unions of lawyers, doctors, and writers were opposed. The prominent journalist 5181: 4307: 4255: 3228: 3198: 2030: 1176: 1124: 57: 2813:(l) 121, l. 247; CDA, F 1303K, o 1, ae 71, l. 1-17; CDA, F 996K, o 1, ae 86, l.1-24; CDA, F 366B, o 1, ae 93, l. 35-87. 2150: 4939: 4791: 4210: 3813: 3759: 2898: 2438: 2142:
in Germany and was closely involved in its drafting. Modelled on this precedent, the law targeted Jews, together with
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Zwischen grossen Erwartungen und bösem Erwachen: Juden, Politik und Antisemitismus in Ost- und Südosteuropa 1918-1945
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could be revoked or denied if the individual were convicted of a crime or deemed "anti-government" or "communist".
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The Law was passed under direct influence from Nazi Germany, but did not lead to the deportation of the
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Logor Banjica: Logoraši: Knjige zatočenika koncentracionog logora Beograd-Banjica (1941-1944), Vol. I
2430:. The legislation also established quotas that limited the number of Jews in Bulgarian universities. 1771: 1285: 1159: 868: 828: 778: 753: 566: 529: 252: 106: 5058: 4919: 4554: 4456: 4436: 4225: 4133: 4092: 4072: 4042: 3937: 3732: 3547: 2869: 2220: 2069: 1947: 1808: 1429: 1325: 1305: 1094: 1002: 953: 933: 903: 798: 585: 392: 4831: 4826: 4816: 4764: 4754: 4729: 4671: 4629: 4539: 4534: 4529: 4441: 3744: 2163: 2049: 1712: 1707: 1697: 1645: 1635: 1610: 1544: 1502: 1414: 1409: 1404: 1310: 597: 5090: 5001: 4929: 4914: 4713: 4656: 4461: 4369: 4260: 4180: 4027: 3324: 3168: 3017: 2992: 2959: 2927: 2902: 2873: 2836: 2745: 2720: 2710: 2251: 2171: 1979: 1890: 1818: 1803: 1586: 1529: 1330: 1238: 1129: 1049: 888: 161: 2988: 2981: 5053: 5038: 4966: 4887: 4857: 4688: 4524: 4230: 3798: 3793: 3644: 3542: 2857: 2159: 2065: 1942: 1927: 1855: 1776: 1746: 1561: 1399: 1099: 659: 654: 497: 387: 2395:
The Central Consistory of Jews in Bulgaria led opposition, alongside senior clerics of the
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and other intentional organizations deemed "threatening" to Bulgarian national security.
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law, effective from 23 January 1941 to 27 November 1944, which directed measures against
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Marushiakova, Elena; Vesselin Popov (2006). "Bulgarian Romanies: The Second World War".
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His majesty's enemies: Great Britain's war against Holocaust victims and survivors
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occupied by the Bulgarian army, as well as claimed and administered by Bulgaria.
2250:'s jurisdiction was extended beyond Bulgaria's pre-war borders to territories in 4811: 4771: 4739: 4606: 4566: 4406: 4319: 4270: 4245: 4145: 3840: 3579: 3562: 3517: 3432: 2947: 2343: 2272:
The law forbade the granting of Bulgarian citizenship to Jews as defined by the
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Jews were to be segregated from non-Jews in various ways. Mixed marriages were
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Jews were forbidden to have names ending in the suffixes typical of Bulgarian
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Sephardi Jewry: a history of the Judeo-Spanish community, 14th-20th centuries
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from Tsar Boris III on 15 January the following year, being published in the
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group "Combatants for the Advancement of the Bulgarian National Spirit" or
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children and mixed couples were also excluded and the Nazi concept of
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nationalists lobbied for a return to the enlarged borders of the 1878
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Antisemitism: A Historical Encyclopedia of Prejudice and Persecution
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as their first religion" prior to the date of the law's enactment.
4421: 3264: 2502:; they were arrested on 24 November and 47 of these were taken to 2029: 1290: 101: 3183: 2533:, rescinding the exemptions allowed to such cases allowed by the 2064:
and others whose legal definition it established. The law was an
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and many other ordinary voters and workers submitted protests.
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Levin, Itamar; Natasha Dornberg; Judith Yalon-Fortus (2001).
2525:, excepting only those baptized who practised the Christian 3167:. Belgrade: Istorijski arhiv Beograda. pp. 163–166. 2471:
Nerada za podantstvo v osvobodenite prez 1941 godina zemi
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Law for the Protection of German Blood and German Honour
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excluded those who "adopted or who are going to adopt
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for approval of the law for protection of the nation.
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The Bulgarian Jews and the final solution, 1940-1944
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Law for the Protection of Macedonian National Honour
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Political opposition came from the jurist and ex-PM
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Petar Gabrovski and Alexander Belev were aligned to
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prohibitions on economic and professional activity.
2980: 2702: 2413:Jewish leaders protested against the law, and the 2346:and other property to the Bulgarian Central Bank. 4997:Racial bias in criminal news in the United States 3163:Micković, Evica; Radojčić, Milena., eds. (2009). 2464:to residents of newly annexed South Dobruja, the 1886:Racial bias in criminal news in the United States 4657:Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting) 2835:. University of California Press. p. 174. 1530:Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting) 4139:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups 2709:. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press. 2209:the National Union of Bulgarian Students, and 2149:Bulgaria, as a potential beneficiary from the 1008:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups 3199: 2011: 8: 3064:"България само администрираше "новите земи"" 2765:Zakon za ureždane na podanstvoto v Dobrudža, 4355:List of people killed for being transgender 2460:Although Bulgarian citizenship was granted 2170:, was returned to Bulgarian control by the 1224:List of people killed for being transgender 3206: 3192: 3184: 3153:, CDA, F 2123 K, o 1, ae 22 286, l. 56-57. 3066:(in Bulgarian). Демокрация. Archived from 3016:. Paderborn: Schöningh. pp. 217–252. 2926:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 69. 2823: 2821: 2819: 2741:Eastern Europe Between the Wars, 1918-1941 2087:exclusion from public service and politics 2072:in December 1940 along the example of the 2018: 2004: 18: 2521:). Jews were thereafter required to wear 2090:restrictions on their place of residence. 3473:Social determinants of health in poverty 318:Social determinants of health in poverty 2895:The Gypsies during the Second World War 2581: 2116:The bill was proposed to parliament by 30: 3132:CDA, F 176 K, o 11, ae 2165, l. 10-25. 2987:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p.  2342:'s taking effect to declare all their 2299:removed the right of Jews to hold any 2036:His Majesty Tsar Boris III of Bulgaria 2668: 2666: 2664: 2662: 2660: 2658: 2656: 2654: 2652: 2650: 2648: 2646: 2644: 2642: 2640: 2638: 2636: 2634: 2632: 2630: 2628: 2626: 2624: 2622: 16:Bulgarian anti-Jewish law (1941–1944) 7: 5121: 4161:Capital punishment for homosexuality 3478:Social determinants of mental health 3043:Online Encyclopedia of Mass Violence 2696: 2694: 2679:Online Encyclopedia of Mass Violence 2620: 2618: 2616: 2614: 2612: 2610: 2608: 2606: 2604: 2602: 2589: 2587: 2585: 2561:Organization of the Jews in Bulgaria 2531:Law for the Protection of the Nation 2466:Law for the Protection of the Nation 2435:Law for the Protection of the Nation 1030:Capital punishment for homosexuality 323:Social determinants of mental health 4281:Genital modification and mutilation 3141:CDA, F 176K, o 11, ae 1779, l. 10. 3096:CDA, F 370K, o 6, ae 928, l 75 r/v. 3062:Dikovski, Antoinette (2000-07-19). 2203:Union of Bulgarian National Legions 1150:Genital modification and mutilation 2437:stipulated that Jews fulfil their 2138:, had been sent to study the 1933 14: 2952:The world reacts to the Holocaust 5120: 5111: 5110: 4760:Diversity, equity, and inclusion 4597:Law for Protection of the Nation 4497:White genocide conspiracy theory 3087:CDA, F 242K, o 4, ae 897, l.8-10 2950:; Charles H. Rosenzveig (1996). 2205:, the Union of Bulgarian Youth ( 2068:passed by the parliament of the 2054:Закон за защита на нацията — ЗЗН 2045:Law for Protection of the Nation 1641:Diversity, equity, and inclusion 1471:Law for Protection of the Nation 1366:White genocide conspiracy theory 38: 4602:MSM blood donation restrictions 4350:LGBT grooming conspiracy theory 3114:CDA F 176K, o 11, ae 1775, l.10 3105:CDA F 176K, o 11, ae 1775, l.10 2551:History of the Jews in Bulgaria 2268:History of the Jews in Bulgaria 2120:, Interior Minister and former 1475:MSM blood donation restrictions 1219:LGBT grooming conspiracy theory 4615:(as religious or racial quota) 3123:CDA F 176K, o 11, ae 1775, l.9 2513:was followed by a decree-law ( 1488:(as religious or racial quota) 1: 5029:Second-generation gender bias 4745:Constitutional colorblindness 3468:Social determinants of health 3037:Ragaru, Nadège (2017-03-19). 2673:Ragaru, Nadège (2017-03-19). 2193:and were both members of the 2130:government lawyer and fellow 2084:changes in the names of Jews. 1918:Second-generation gender bias 1626:Constitutional colorblindness 313:Social determinants of health 2701:Chary, Frederick B. (1972). 2126:leader in October 1940. His 4940:Medical model of disability 4792:Hate speech laws by country 2899:Univ of Hertfordshire Press 2738:Seton-Watson, Hugh (1945). 2439:compulsory military service 2282:licata ot evrejski proizhod 1829:Medical model of disability 1673:Hate speech laws by country 5198: 5049:Social model of disability 3523:Discrimination against men 2504:Banjica concentration camp 2498:in Bulgarian-administered 2368:was not reproduced in the 2265: 1938:Social model of disability 368:Discrimination against men 5167:The Holocaust in Bulgaria 5147:Legal history of Bulgaria 5106: 4402:Opposition to immigration 3315:Race / Ethnicity 2767:D.V., n° 263, 21.11.1940. 2556:The Holocaust in Bulgaria 2415:Bulgarian Orthodox Church 2397:Bulgarian Orthodox Church 2384:the bill's text violated 2096:confiscation of property. 2053: 1271:Opposition to immigration 152:Race / Ethnicity 5152:Jewish Bulgarian history 4397:Occupational segregation 4166:Compulsory sterilization 3151:Centralen Dăržaven Arhiv 2856:Levy, Richard S (2005). 2831:; Aron Rodrigue (2000). 2795:Centralen Dăržaven Arhiv 2455:Nazi extermination camps 1266:Occupational segregation 1035:Compulsory sterilization 4925:Internalized oppression 4787:Fighting Discrimination 4777:Fat acceptance movement 4735:Anti-discrimination law 4375:Native American mascots 2596:, D.V., 16, 23.01.1941. 2386:equality before the law 2158:. On 7 September 1940, 2151:Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact 1814:Internalized oppression 1668:Fighting Discrimination 1658:Fat acceptance movement 1616:Anti-discrimination law 1244:Native American mascots 5044:Social identity threat 5017:Reverse discrimination 5007:Racial color blindness 4487:Violence against women 4467:Sex-selective abortion 2922:Fischel, Jack (1998). 2246:After April 1941, the 2100:After April 1941, the 2066:anti-Jewish racial law 2039: 1933:Social identity threat 1906:Reverse discrimination 1896:Racial color blindness 1356:Violence against women 1336:Sex-selective abortion 5157:Holocaust racial laws 5012:Religious intolerance 4972:Political correctness 4802:Intersex human rights 4750:Cultural assimilation 4432:Religious persecution 4196:Disability hate crime 2227:, was wrecked in the 2219:British-administered 2156:Treaty of San Stefano 2033: 1901:Religious intolerance 1861:Political correctness 1683:Intersex human rights 1631:Cultural assimilation 1301:Religious persecution 1065:Disability hate crime 4417:Political repression 3418:Anti-left handedness 3408:Anti-intellectualism 2243:on 23 January 1941. 2235:, 1940. It received 1286:Political repression 263:Anti-left handedness 253:Anti-intellectualism 5182:Kingdom of Bulgaria 4920:Historical eugenics 4457:Segregation academy 4437:Religious terrorism 4226:Enemy of the people 4134:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric 3655:Jehovah's Witnesses 3548:Perpetual foreigner 2303:or position in the 2168:Treaty of Bucharest 2070:Kingdom of Bulgaria 1809:Historical eugenics 1326:Segregation academy 1306:Religious terrorism 1095:Enemy of the people 1003:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric 508:Jehovah's Witnesses 393:Perpetual foreigner 4832:Social integration 4827:Self-determination 4817:Racial integration 4765:Diversity training 4755:Cultural pluralism 4730:Affirmative action 4630:Racial segregation 4540:Crime of apartheid 4442:Religious violence 3947:Indigenous people 3342:Sexual orientation 2785:(Art. 33, Para. 2) 2776:(Art. 33, Para. 1) 2040: 1713:Social integration 1708:Self-determination 1698:Racial integration 1646:Diversity training 1636:Cultural pluralism 1611:Affirmative action 1503:Racial segregation 1415:Crime of apartheid 1311:Religious violence 808:Indigenous people 179:Sexual orientation 5134: 5133: 5002:Racism by country 4930:Intersectionality 4915:Heteronormativity 4714:Voter suppression 4462:Sexual harassment 4261:Forced conversion 4181:Cultural genocide 3846:African Americans 3665:post–Cold War era 3650:Eastern Orthodoxy 3403:Anti-drug addicts 3398:Anti-homelessness 3325:Scientific racism 3023:978-3-506-75746-3 2751:978-1-001-28478-1 2716:978-0-8229-7601-1 2172:Treaty of Craiova 2028: 2027: 1891:Racism by country 1819:Intersectionality 1804:Heteronormativity 1587:Voter suppression 1331:Sexual harassment 1130:Forced conversion 1050:Cultural genocide 707:African Americans 518:post–Cold War era 503:Eastern Orthodoxy 248:Anti-drug addicts 243:Anti-homelessness 162:Scientific racism 5189: 5162:1941 in Bulgaria 5124: 5123: 5114: 5113: 5054:Social privilege 5039:Social exclusion 4967:Police brutality 4888:Multiculturalism 4858:Amatonormativity 4689:Social exclusion 4525:Age of candidacy 4325:Homeless dumping 4231:Ethnic cleansing 3208: 3201: 3194: 3185: 3179: 3178: 3160: 3154: 3148: 3142: 3139: 3133: 3130: 3124: 3121: 3115: 3112: 3106: 3103: 3097: 3094: 3088: 3085: 3079: 3078: 3076: 3075: 3059: 3053: 3052: 3050: 3049: 3034: 3028: 3027: 3009: 3003: 3002: 2986: 2976: 2970: 2969: 2944: 2938: 2937: 2919: 2913: 2912: 2890: 2884: 2883: 2863: 2853: 2847: 2846: 2829:Benbassa, Esther 2825: 2814: 2792: 2786: 2783: 2777: 2774: 2768: 2762: 2756: 2755: 2735: 2729: 2728: 2708: 2698: 2689: 2688: 2686: 2685: 2670: 2597: 2594:Dăržaven vestnik 2591: 2160:Southern Dobruja 2055: 2020: 2013: 2006: 1943:Social privilege 1928:Social exclusion 1856:Police brutality 1777:Multiculturalism 1747:Amatonormativity 1562:Social exclusion 1400:Age of candidacy 1194:Homeless dumping 1100:Ethnic cleansing 42: 19: 5197: 5196: 5192: 5191: 5190: 5188: 5187: 5186: 5177:1941 in Judaism 5137: 5136: 5135: 5130: 5102: 4977:Polyculturalism 4873:Civil liberties 4841: 4822:Reappropriation 4723:Countermeasures 4718: 4647:Racial steering 4613:Numerus clausus 4517: 4511: 4236:Ethnic conflict 4171:Corrective rape 4122: 3764: 3611: 3503:HIV/AIDS stigma 3361: 3310:Mental disorder 3248: 3217: 3212: 3182: 3175: 3162: 3161: 3157: 3149: 3145: 3140: 3136: 3131: 3127: 3122: 3118: 3113: 3109: 3104: 3100: 3095: 3091: 3086: 3082: 3073: 3071: 3070:on 18 July 2011 3061: 3060: 3056: 3047: 3045: 3036: 3035: 3031: 3024: 3011: 3010: 3006: 2999: 2978: 2977: 2973: 2966: 2958:. p. 265. 2948:Wyman, David S. 2946: 2945: 2941: 2934: 2921: 2920: 2916: 2909: 2892: 2891: 2887: 2880: 2855: 2854: 2850: 2843: 2827: 2826: 2817: 2807:arhivna edinica 2793: 2789: 2784: 2780: 2775: 2771: 2763: 2759: 2752: 2744:. CUP Archive. 2737: 2736: 2732: 2717: 2700: 2699: 2692: 2683: 2681: 2672: 2671: 2600: 2592: 2583: 2579: 2547: 2423: 2381: 2270: 2264: 2166:under the 1913 2136:Alexander Belev 2118:Petar Gabrovski 2114: 2024: 1995: 1994: 1993: 1992: 1991: 1866:Polyculturalism 1762:Civil liberties 1734: 1726: 1725: 1724: 1723: 1722: 1703:Reappropriation 1603: 1602:Countermeasures 1595: 1594: 1593: 1592: 1591: 1520:Racial steering 1486:Numerus clausus 1392: 1384: 1383: 1382: 1381: 1380: 1105:Ethnic conflict 1040:Corrective rape 995: 987: 986: 985: 984: 983: 632: 621: 620: 619: 618: 617: 470: 460: 459: 458: 457: 456: 348:HIV/AIDS stigma 210: 202: 201: 200: 199: 198: 147:Mental disorder 89: 81: 80: 79: 78: 77: 50: 17: 12: 11: 5: 5195: 5193: 5185: 5184: 5179: 5174: 5169: 5164: 5159: 5154: 5149: 5139: 5138: 5132: 5131: 5129: 5128: 5118: 5107: 5104: 5103: 5101: 5100: 5095: 5094: 5093: 5083: 5078: 5073: 5072: 5071: 5066: 5061: 5051: 5046: 5041: 5036: 5031: 5026: 5025: 5024: 5022:Reverse racism 5014: 5009: 5004: 4999: 4994: 4992:Prisoner abuse 4989: 4984: 4982:Power distance 4979: 4974: 4969: 4964: 4959: 4954: 4949: 4948: 4947: 4937: 4932: 4927: 4922: 4917: 4912: 4907: 4902: 4900:Ethnic penalty 4897: 4896: 4895: 4893:Neurodiversity 4890: 4880: 4878:Dehumanization 4875: 4870: 4868:Cisnormativity 4865: 4860: 4855: 4849: 4847: 4846:Related topics 4843: 4842: 4840: 4839: 4834: 4829: 4824: 4819: 4814: 4809: 4804: 4799: 4794: 4789: 4784: 4779: 4774: 4769: 4768: 4767: 4757: 4752: 4747: 4742: 4737: 4732: 4726: 4724: 4720: 4719: 4717: 4716: 4711: 4706: 4704:State religion 4701: 4696: 4691: 4686: 4685: 4684: 4679: 4674: 4669: 4659: 4654: 4649: 4644: 4643: 4642: 4640:Nuremberg Laws 4637: 4627: 4622: 4617: 4609: 4604: 4599: 4594: 4589: 4584: 4582:Ghetto benches 4579: 4577:Gerrymandering 4574: 4569: 4564: 4562:Gender pay gap 4559: 4558: 4557: 4552: 4542: 4537: 4532: 4527: 4521: 4519: 4516:Discriminatory 4513: 4512: 4510: 4509: 4504: 4499: 4494: 4489: 4484: 4479: 4474: 4469: 4464: 4459: 4454: 4449: 4444: 4439: 4434: 4429: 4424: 4419: 4414: 4409: 4404: 4399: 4394: 4393: 4392: 4387: 4382: 4372: 4367: 4362: 4357: 4352: 4347: 4345:Lavender scare 4342: 4340:Kill Haole Day 4337: 4335:Indian rolling 4332: 4327: 4322: 4317: 4312: 4311: 4310: 4300: 4295: 4294: 4293: 4283: 4278: 4273: 4268: 4263: 4258: 4253: 4248: 4243: 4238: 4233: 4228: 4223: 4221:Eliminationism 4218: 4213: 4208: 4203: 4198: 4193: 4188: 4183: 4178: 4173: 4168: 4163: 4158: 4156:Cancel culture 4153: 4148: 4143: 4142: 4141: 4130: 4128: 4127:Manifestations 4124: 4123: 4121: 4120: 4115: 4110: 4105: 4100: 4095: 4090: 4085: 4080: 4075: 4070: 4065: 4060: 4055: 4050: 4045: 4040: 4035: 4030: 4025: 4023:Middle Eastern 4020: 4015: 4010: 4005: 4000: 3995: 3990: 3985: 3980: 3975: 3970: 3965: 3964: 3963: 3958: 3953: 3945: 3940: 3935: 3930: 3925: 3920: 3915: 3910: 3905: 3900: 3895: 3890: 3885: 3880: 3875: 3870: 3865: 3860: 3859: 3858: 3853: 3848: 3838: 3833: 3828: 3827: 3826: 3821: 3816: 3806: 3801: 3796: 3791: 3786: 3781: 3775: 3773: 3766: 3765: 3763: 3762: 3760:Zoroastrianism 3757: 3752: 3747: 3742: 3737: 3736: 3735: 3725: 3724: 3723: 3722: 3721: 3716: 3711: 3706: 3691: 3690: 3689: 3687:Untouchability 3684: 3674: 3669: 3668: 3667: 3662: 3657: 3652: 3647: 3637: 3632: 3627: 3621: 3619: 3613: 3612: 3610: 3609: 3604: 3599: 3598: 3597: 3592: 3587: 3577: 3576: 3575: 3570: 3560: 3555: 3550: 3545: 3540: 3535: 3530: 3525: 3520: 3515: 3513:Leprosy stigma 3510: 3505: 3500: 3495: 3490: 3485: 3480: 3475: 3470: 3465: 3460: 3455: 3450: 3445: 3440: 3435: 3430: 3425: 3420: 3415: 3410: 3405: 3400: 3395: 3390: 3385: 3380: 3375: 3369: 3367: 3363: 3362: 3360: 3359: 3354: 3349: 3344: 3339: 3334: 3329: 3328: 3327: 3322: 3312: 3307: 3302: 3297: 3292: 3287: 3282: 3277: 3272: 3267: 3262: 3256: 3254: 3250: 3249: 3247: 3246: 3241: 3236: 3231: 3225: 3223: 3219: 3218: 3215:Discrimination 3213: 3211: 3210: 3203: 3196: 3188: 3181: 3180: 3173: 3155: 3143: 3134: 3125: 3116: 3107: 3098: 3089: 3080: 3054: 3029: 3022: 3004: 2997: 2971: 2964: 2939: 2932: 2914: 2907: 2885: 2878: 2848: 2841: 2815: 2787: 2778: 2769: 2757: 2750: 2730: 2715: 2690: 2598: 2580: 2578: 2575: 2574: 2573: 2568: 2563: 2558: 2553: 2546: 2543: 2451:Bulgarian Jews 2422: 2419: 2408:Nikola Mušanov 2380: 2377: 2301:elected office 2266:Main article: 2263: 2260: 2229:Sea of Marmara 2140:Nuremberg Laws 2113: 2110: 2098: 2097: 2094: 2091: 2088: 2085: 2074:Nuremberg Laws 2026: 2025: 2023: 2022: 2015: 2008: 2000: 1997: 1996: 1990: 1989: 1984: 1983: 1982: 1972: 1967: 1962: 1961: 1960: 1955: 1950: 1940: 1935: 1930: 1925: 1920: 1915: 1914: 1913: 1911:Reverse racism 1903: 1898: 1893: 1888: 1883: 1881:Prisoner abuse 1878: 1873: 1871:Power distance 1868: 1863: 1858: 1853: 1848: 1843: 1838: 1837: 1836: 1826: 1821: 1816: 1811: 1806: 1801: 1796: 1791: 1789:Ethnic penalty 1786: 1785: 1784: 1782:Neurodiversity 1779: 1769: 1767:Dehumanization 1764: 1759: 1757:Cisnormativity 1754: 1749: 1744: 1738: 1737: 1736: 1735: 1733:Related topics 1732: 1731: 1728: 1727: 1721: 1720: 1715: 1710: 1705: 1700: 1695: 1690: 1685: 1680: 1675: 1670: 1665: 1660: 1655: 1650: 1649: 1648: 1638: 1633: 1628: 1623: 1618: 1613: 1607: 1606: 1605: 1604: 1601: 1600: 1597: 1596: 1590: 1589: 1584: 1579: 1577:State religion 1574: 1569: 1564: 1559: 1558: 1557: 1552: 1547: 1542: 1532: 1527: 1522: 1517: 1516: 1515: 1513:Nuremberg Laws 1510: 1500: 1495: 1490: 1482: 1477: 1472: 1469: 1464: 1459: 1457:Ghetto benches 1454: 1452:Gerrymandering 1449: 1444: 1439: 1437:Gender pay gap 1434: 1433: 1432: 1427: 1417: 1412: 1407: 1402: 1396: 1395: 1394: 1393: 1390: 1389: 1386: 1385: 1379: 1378: 1373: 1368: 1363: 1358: 1353: 1348: 1343: 1338: 1333: 1328: 1323: 1318: 1313: 1308: 1303: 1298: 1293: 1288: 1283: 1278: 1273: 1268: 1263: 1262: 1261: 1256: 1251: 1241: 1236: 1231: 1226: 1221: 1216: 1214:Lavender scare 1211: 1209:Kill Haole Day 1206: 1204:Indian rolling 1201: 1196: 1191: 1186: 1181: 1180: 1179: 1169: 1164: 1163: 1162: 1152: 1147: 1142: 1137: 1132: 1127: 1122: 1117: 1112: 1107: 1102: 1097: 1092: 1090:Eliminationism 1087: 1082: 1077: 1072: 1067: 1062: 1057: 1052: 1047: 1042: 1037: 1032: 1027: 1025:Cancel culture 1022: 1017: 1012: 1011: 1010: 999: 998: 997: 996: 994:Manifestations 993: 992: 989: 988: 982: 981: 976: 971: 966: 961: 956: 951: 946: 941: 936: 931: 926: 921: 916: 911: 906: 901: 896: 891: 886: 884:Middle Eastern 881: 876: 871: 866: 861: 856: 851: 846: 841: 836: 831: 826: 825: 824: 819: 814: 806: 801: 796: 791: 786: 781: 776: 771: 766: 761: 756: 751: 746: 741: 736: 731: 726: 721: 720: 719: 714: 709: 699: 694: 689: 688: 687: 682: 677: 667: 662: 657: 652: 647: 642: 636: 635: 634: 633: 627: 626: 623: 622: 616: 615: 613:Zoroastrianism 610: 605: 600: 595: 590: 589: 588: 578: 577: 576: 575: 574: 569: 564: 559: 544: 543: 542: 540:Untouchability 537: 527: 522: 521: 520: 515: 510: 505: 500: 490: 485: 480: 474: 473: 472: 471: 466: 465: 462: 461: 455: 454: 449: 444: 443: 442: 437: 432: 422: 421: 420: 415: 405: 400: 395: 390: 385: 380: 375: 370: 365: 360: 358:Leprosy stigma 355: 350: 345: 340: 335: 330: 325: 320: 315: 310: 305: 300: 295: 290: 285: 280: 275: 270: 265: 260: 255: 250: 245: 240: 235: 230: 225: 220: 214: 213: 212: 211: 208: 207: 204: 203: 197: 196: 191: 186: 181: 176: 171: 166: 165: 164: 159: 149: 144: 139: 134: 129: 124: 119: 114: 109: 104: 99: 93: 92: 91: 90: 87: 86: 83: 82: 76: 75: 70: 65: 60: 54: 53: 52: 51: 48: 47: 44: 43: 35: 34: 32:Discrimination 28: 27: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5194: 5183: 5180: 5178: 5175: 5173: 5170: 5168: 5165: 5163: 5160: 5158: 5155: 5153: 5150: 5148: 5145: 5144: 5142: 5127: 5119: 5117: 5109: 5108: 5105: 5099: 5096: 5092: 5089: 5088: 5087: 5084: 5082: 5079: 5077: 5076:Social stigma 5074: 5070: 5067: 5065: 5062: 5060: 5057: 5056: 5055: 5052: 5050: 5047: 5045: 5042: 5040: 5037: 5035: 5032: 5030: 5027: 5023: 5020: 5019: 5018: 5015: 5013: 5010: 5008: 5005: 5003: 5000: 4998: 4995: 4993: 4990: 4988: 4985: 4983: 4980: 4978: 4975: 4973: 4970: 4968: 4965: 4963: 4960: 4958: 4955: 4953: 4950: 4946: 4943: 4942: 4941: 4938: 4936: 4933: 4931: 4928: 4926: 4923: 4921: 4918: 4916: 4913: 4911: 4908: 4906: 4903: 4901: 4898: 4894: 4891: 4889: 4886: 4885: 4884: 4881: 4879: 4876: 4874: 4871: 4869: 4866: 4864: 4861: 4859: 4856: 4854: 4851: 4850: 4848: 4844: 4838: 4835: 4833: 4830: 4828: 4825: 4823: 4820: 4818: 4815: 4813: 4810: 4808: 4805: 4803: 4800: 4798: 4795: 4793: 4790: 4788: 4785: 4783: 4780: 4778: 4775: 4773: 4770: 4766: 4763: 4762: 4761: 4758: 4756: 4753: 4751: 4748: 4746: 4743: 4741: 4738: 4736: 4733: 4731: 4728: 4727: 4725: 4721: 4715: 4712: 4710: 4707: 4705: 4702: 4700: 4699:State atheism 4697: 4695: 4692: 4690: 4687: 4683: 4680: 4678: 4675: 4673: 4670: 4668: 4665: 4664: 4663: 4660: 4658: 4655: 4653: 4650: 4648: 4645: 4641: 4638: 4636: 4635:Jim Crow laws 4633: 4632: 4631: 4628: 4626: 4623: 4621: 4620:One-drop rule 4618: 4616: 4614: 4610: 4608: 4605: 4603: 4600: 4598: 4595: 4593: 4590: 4588: 4585: 4583: 4580: 4578: 4575: 4573: 4570: 4568: 4565: 4563: 4560: 4556: 4553: 4551: 4548: 4547: 4546: 4543: 4541: 4538: 4536: 4535:Blood quantum 4533: 4531: 4528: 4526: 4523: 4522: 4520: 4514: 4508: 4505: 4503: 4500: 4498: 4495: 4493: 4490: 4488: 4485: 4483: 4482:Victimisation 4480: 4478: 4477:Trans bashing 4475: 4473: 4470: 4468: 4465: 4463: 4460: 4458: 4455: 4453: 4450: 4448: 4447:Religious war 4445: 4443: 4440: 4438: 4435: 4433: 4430: 4428: 4427:Racialization 4425: 4423: 4420: 4418: 4415: 4413: 4410: 4408: 4405: 4403: 4400: 4398: 4395: 4391: 4388: 4386: 4383: 4381: 4378: 4377: 4376: 4373: 4371: 4368: 4366: 4363: 4361: 4358: 4356: 4353: 4351: 4348: 4346: 4343: 4341: 4338: 4336: 4333: 4331: 4328: 4326: 4323: 4321: 4318: 4316: 4313: 4309: 4306: 4305: 4304: 4301: 4299: 4298:Glass ceiling 4296: 4292: 4289: 4288: 4287: 4284: 4282: 4279: 4277: 4274: 4272: 4269: 4267: 4264: 4262: 4259: 4257: 4254: 4252: 4249: 4247: 4244: 4242: 4241:Ethnic hatred 4239: 4237: 4234: 4232: 4229: 4227: 4224: 4222: 4219: 4217: 4214: 4212: 4209: 4207: 4204: 4202: 4199: 4197: 4194: 4192: 4189: 4187: 4184: 4182: 4179: 4177: 4176:Counter-jihad 4174: 4172: 4169: 4167: 4164: 4162: 4159: 4157: 4154: 4152: 4149: 4147: 4144: 4140: 4137: 4136: 4135: 4132: 4131: 4129: 4125: 4119: 4116: 4114: 4111: 4109: 4106: 4104: 4101: 4099: 4096: 4094: 4091: 4089: 4086: 4084: 4081: 4079: 4076: 4074: 4071: 4069: 4066: 4064: 4061: 4059: 4056: 4054: 4051: 4049: 4046: 4044: 4041: 4039: 4036: 4034: 4031: 4029: 4026: 4024: 4021: 4019: 4016: 4014: 4011: 4009: 4006: 4004: 4001: 3999: 3996: 3994: 3991: 3989: 3986: 3984: 3981: 3979: 3976: 3974: 3971: 3969: 3966: 3962: 3961:United States 3959: 3957: 3954: 3952: 3949: 3948: 3946: 3944: 3941: 3939: 3936: 3934: 3931: 3929: 3926: 3924: 3921: 3919: 3916: 3914: 3911: 3909: 3906: 3904: 3901: 3899: 3896: 3894: 3891: 3889: 3886: 3884: 3881: 3879: 3876: 3874: 3871: 3869: 3866: 3864: 3861: 3857: 3854: 3852: 3849: 3847: 3844: 3843: 3842: 3839: 3837: 3834: 3832: 3829: 3825: 3824:United States 3822: 3820: 3817: 3815: 3812: 3811: 3810: 3807: 3805: 3802: 3800: 3797: 3795: 3792: 3790: 3787: 3785: 3782: 3780: 3777: 3776: 3774: 3772: 3767: 3761: 3758: 3756: 3753: 3751: 3748: 3746: 3745:Protestantism 3743: 3741: 3738: 3734: 3731: 3730: 3729: 3726: 3720: 3717: 3715: 3712: 3710: 3707: 3705: 3702: 3701: 3700: 3697: 3696: 3695: 3692: 3688: 3685: 3683: 3680: 3679: 3678: 3675: 3673: 3670: 3666: 3663: 3661: 3660:LDS or Mormon 3658: 3656: 3653: 3651: 3648: 3646: 3643: 3642: 3641: 3638: 3636: 3633: 3631: 3628: 3626: 3623: 3622: 3620: 3618: 3614: 3608: 3605: 3603: 3600: 3596: 3593: 3591: 3590:Transmisogyny 3588: 3586: 3583: 3582: 3581: 3578: 3574: 3571: 3569: 3566: 3565: 3564: 3561: 3559: 3556: 3554: 3551: 3549: 3546: 3544: 3541: 3539: 3536: 3534: 3531: 3529: 3526: 3524: 3521: 3519: 3516: 3514: 3511: 3509: 3506: 3504: 3501: 3499: 3496: 3494: 3493:Gerontophobia 3491: 3489: 3486: 3484: 3481: 3479: 3476: 3474: 3471: 3469: 3466: 3464: 3461: 3459: 3456: 3454: 3451: 3449: 3446: 3444: 3441: 3439: 3436: 3434: 3431: 3429: 3426: 3424: 3421: 3419: 3416: 3414: 3413:Anti-intersex 3411: 3409: 3406: 3404: 3401: 3399: 3396: 3394: 3391: 3389: 3388:Anti-albinism 3386: 3384: 3381: 3379: 3376: 3374: 3371: 3370: 3368: 3364: 3358: 3355: 3353: 3350: 3348: 3345: 3343: 3340: 3338: 3335: 3333: 3330: 3326: 3323: 3321: 3318: 3317: 3316: 3313: 3311: 3308: 3306: 3303: 3301: 3298: 3296: 3293: 3291: 3288: 3286: 3283: 3281: 3278: 3276: 3273: 3271: 3268: 3266: 3263: 3261: 3258: 3257: 3255: 3251: 3245: 3242: 3240: 3237: 3235: 3232: 3230: 3229:Institutional 3227: 3226: 3224: 3220: 3216: 3209: 3204: 3202: 3197: 3195: 3190: 3189: 3186: 3176: 3174:9788680481241 3170: 3166: 3159: 3156: 3152: 3147: 3144: 3138: 3135: 3129: 3126: 3120: 3117: 3111: 3108: 3102: 3099: 3093: 3090: 3084: 3081: 3069: 3065: 3058: 3055: 3044: 3040: 3033: 3030: 3025: 3019: 3015: 3008: 3005: 3000: 2998:0-275-96816-2 2994: 2990: 2985: 2984: 2975: 2972: 2967: 2965:0-8018-4969-1 2961: 2957: 2953: 2949: 2943: 2940: 2935: 2933:0-313-29879-3 2929: 2925: 2924:The Holocaust 2918: 2915: 2910: 2908:0-900458-85-2 2904: 2900: 2896: 2889: 2886: 2881: 2879:1-85109-439-3 2875: 2871: 2867: 2862: 2861: 2852: 2849: 2844: 2842:0-520-21822-1 2838: 2834: 2830: 2824: 2822: 2820: 2816: 2812: 2808: 2804: 2800: 2796: 2791: 2788: 2782: 2779: 2773: 2770: 2766: 2761: 2758: 2753: 2747: 2743: 2742: 2734: 2731: 2726: 2722: 2718: 2712: 2707: 2706: 2697: 2695: 2691: 2680: 2676: 2669: 2667: 2665: 2663: 2661: 2659: 2657: 2655: 2653: 2651: 2649: 2647: 2645: 2643: 2641: 2639: 2637: 2635: 2633: 2631: 2629: 2627: 2625: 2623: 2621: 2619: 2617: 2615: 2613: 2611: 2609: 2607: 2605: 2603: 2599: 2595: 2590: 2588: 2586: 2582: 2576: 2572: 2569: 2567: 2564: 2562: 2559: 2557: 2554: 2552: 2549: 2548: 2544: 2542: 2540: 2536: 2532: 2528: 2524: 2520: 2516: 2512: 2507: 2505: 2501: 2497: 2493: 2492: 2486: 2483: 2478: 2476: 2472: 2467: 2463: 2458: 2456: 2452: 2447: 2444: 2440: 2436: 2431: 2429: 2420: 2418: 2416: 2411: 2409: 2404: 2402: 2398: 2393: 2392:were lodged. 2391: 2387: 2378: 2376: 2373: 2371: 2367: 2366: 2361: 2355: 2352: 2347: 2345: 2341: 2336: 2331: 2329: 2325: 2321: 2317: 2313: 2308: 2306: 2305:civil service 2302: 2298: 2293: 2291: 2287: 2283: 2279: 2275: 2269: 2261: 2259: 2257: 2253: 2249: 2244: 2242: 2241:State Gazette 2238: 2234: 2233:Christmas Eve 2230: 2226: 2222: 2216: 2214: 2213: 2208: 2207:Otets Pajsi), 2204: 2200: 2196: 2192: 2187: 2185: 2182:, Turks, and 2181: 2177: 2173: 2169: 2165: 2161: 2157: 2152: 2147: 2145: 2141: 2137: 2133: 2129: 2125: 2124: 2119: 2111: 2109: 2107: 2103: 2095: 2092: 2089: 2086: 2083: 2082: 2081: 2079: 2075: 2071: 2067: 2063: 2059: 2051: 2047: 2046: 2037: 2032: 2021: 2016: 2014: 2009: 2007: 2002: 2001: 1999: 1998: 1988: 1985: 1981: 1978: 1977: 1976: 1973: 1971: 1968: 1966: 1965:Social stigma 1963: 1959: 1956: 1954: 1951: 1949: 1946: 1945: 1944: 1941: 1939: 1936: 1934: 1931: 1929: 1926: 1924: 1921: 1919: 1916: 1912: 1909: 1908: 1907: 1904: 1902: 1899: 1897: 1894: 1892: 1889: 1887: 1884: 1882: 1879: 1877: 1874: 1872: 1869: 1867: 1864: 1862: 1859: 1857: 1854: 1852: 1849: 1847: 1844: 1842: 1839: 1835: 1832: 1831: 1830: 1827: 1825: 1822: 1820: 1817: 1815: 1812: 1810: 1807: 1805: 1802: 1800: 1797: 1795: 1792: 1790: 1787: 1783: 1780: 1778: 1775: 1774: 1773: 1770: 1768: 1765: 1763: 1760: 1758: 1755: 1753: 1750: 1748: 1745: 1743: 1740: 1739: 1730: 1729: 1719: 1716: 1714: 1711: 1709: 1706: 1704: 1701: 1699: 1696: 1694: 1691: 1689: 1686: 1684: 1681: 1679: 1676: 1674: 1671: 1669: 1666: 1664: 1661: 1659: 1656: 1654: 1651: 1647: 1644: 1643: 1642: 1639: 1637: 1634: 1632: 1629: 1627: 1624: 1622: 1619: 1617: 1614: 1612: 1609: 1608: 1599: 1598: 1588: 1585: 1583: 1580: 1578: 1575: 1573: 1572:State atheism 1570: 1568: 1565: 1563: 1560: 1556: 1553: 1551: 1548: 1546: 1543: 1541: 1538: 1537: 1536: 1533: 1531: 1528: 1526: 1523: 1521: 1518: 1514: 1511: 1509: 1508:Jim Crow laws 1506: 1505: 1504: 1501: 1499: 1496: 1494: 1493:One-drop rule 1491: 1489: 1487: 1483: 1481: 1478: 1476: 1473: 1470: 1468: 1465: 1463: 1460: 1458: 1455: 1453: 1450: 1448: 1445: 1443: 1440: 1438: 1435: 1431: 1428: 1426: 1423: 1422: 1421: 1418: 1416: 1413: 1411: 1410:Blood quantum 1408: 1406: 1403: 1401: 1398: 1397: 1388: 1387: 1377: 1374: 1372: 1369: 1367: 1364: 1362: 1359: 1357: 1354: 1352: 1351:Victimisation 1349: 1347: 1346:Trans bashing 1344: 1342: 1339: 1337: 1334: 1332: 1329: 1327: 1324: 1322: 1319: 1317: 1316:Religious war 1314: 1312: 1309: 1307: 1304: 1302: 1299: 1297: 1296:Racialization 1294: 1292: 1289: 1287: 1284: 1282: 1279: 1277: 1274: 1272: 1269: 1267: 1264: 1260: 1257: 1255: 1252: 1250: 1247: 1246: 1245: 1242: 1240: 1237: 1235: 1232: 1230: 1227: 1225: 1222: 1220: 1217: 1215: 1212: 1210: 1207: 1205: 1202: 1200: 1197: 1195: 1192: 1190: 1187: 1185: 1182: 1178: 1175: 1174: 1173: 1170: 1168: 1167:Glass ceiling 1165: 1161: 1158: 1157: 1156: 1153: 1151: 1148: 1146: 1143: 1141: 1138: 1136: 1133: 1131: 1128: 1126: 1123: 1121: 1118: 1116: 1113: 1111: 1110:Ethnic hatred 1108: 1106: 1103: 1101: 1098: 1096: 1093: 1091: 1088: 1086: 1083: 1081: 1078: 1076: 1073: 1071: 1068: 1066: 1063: 1061: 1058: 1056: 1053: 1051: 1048: 1046: 1045:Counter-jihad 1043: 1041: 1038: 1036: 1033: 1031: 1028: 1026: 1023: 1021: 1018: 1016: 1013: 1009: 1006: 1005: 1004: 1001: 1000: 991: 990: 980: 977: 975: 972: 970: 967: 965: 962: 960: 957: 955: 952: 950: 947: 945: 942: 940: 937: 935: 932: 930: 927: 925: 922: 920: 917: 915: 912: 910: 907: 905: 902: 900: 897: 895: 892: 890: 887: 885: 882: 880: 877: 875: 872: 870: 867: 865: 862: 860: 857: 855: 852: 850: 847: 845: 842: 840: 837: 835: 832: 830: 827: 823: 822:United States 820: 818: 815: 813: 810: 809: 807: 805: 802: 800: 797: 795: 792: 790: 787: 785: 782: 780: 777: 775: 772: 770: 767: 765: 762: 760: 757: 755: 752: 750: 747: 745: 742: 740: 737: 735: 732: 730: 727: 725: 722: 718: 715: 713: 710: 708: 705: 704: 703: 700: 698: 695: 693: 690: 686: 685:United States 683: 681: 678: 676: 673: 672: 671: 668: 666: 663: 661: 658: 656: 653: 651: 648: 646: 643: 641: 638: 637: 631: 625: 624: 614: 611: 609: 606: 604: 601: 599: 598:Protestantism 596: 594: 591: 587: 584: 583: 582: 579: 573: 570: 568: 565: 563: 560: 558: 555: 554: 553: 550: 549: 548: 545: 541: 538: 536: 533: 532: 531: 528: 526: 523: 519: 516: 514: 513:LDS or Mormon 511: 509: 506: 504: 501: 499: 496: 495: 494: 491: 489: 486: 484: 481: 479: 476: 475: 469: 464: 463: 453: 450: 448: 445: 441: 438: 436: 435:Transmisogyny 433: 431: 428: 427: 426: 423: 419: 416: 414: 411: 410: 409: 406: 404: 401: 399: 396: 394: 391: 389: 386: 384: 381: 379: 376: 374: 371: 369: 366: 364: 361: 359: 356: 354: 351: 349: 346: 344: 341: 339: 338:Gerontophobia 336: 334: 331: 329: 326: 324: 321: 319: 316: 314: 311: 309: 306: 304: 301: 299: 296: 294: 291: 289: 286: 284: 281: 279: 276: 274: 271: 269: 266: 264: 261: 259: 258:Anti-intersex 256: 254: 251: 249: 246: 244: 241: 239: 236: 234: 233:Anti-albinism 231: 229: 226: 224: 221: 219: 216: 215: 206: 205: 195: 192: 190: 187: 185: 182: 180: 177: 175: 172: 170: 167: 163: 160: 158: 155: 154: 153: 150: 148: 145: 143: 140: 138: 135: 133: 130: 128: 125: 123: 120: 118: 115: 113: 110: 108: 105: 103: 100: 98: 95: 94: 85: 84: 74: 71: 69: 66: 64: 61: 59: 58:Institutional 56: 55: 46: 45: 41: 37: 36: 33: 29: 25: 21: 20: 4910:Gender-blind 4797:Human rights 4625:Racial quota 4612: 4596: 4592:Jewish quota 4572:Gerontocracy 4567:Gender roles 4545:Disabilities 4530:Blood purity 4502:Wife selling 4492:White flight 4472:Slut-shaming 4452:Scapegoating 4370:Murder music 4043:Palestinians 3856:South Africa 3841:Black people 3819:South Africa 3640:Christianity 3630:Baháʼí Faith 3558:Sectarianism 3498:Heterosexism 3463:Ephebiphobia 3428:Antisemitism 3423:Anti-Masonry 3290:Hair texture 3164: 3158: 3150: 3146: 3137: 3128: 3119: 3110: 3101: 3092: 3083: 3072:. Retrieved 3068:the original 3057: 3046:. Retrieved 3042: 3032: 3013: 3007: 2982: 2974: 2951: 2942: 2923: 2917: 2894: 2888: 2859: 2851: 2832: 2810: 2806: 2802: 2798: 2794: 2790: 2781: 2772: 2764: 2760: 2740: 2733: 2704: 2682:. Retrieved 2678: 2593: 2538: 2534: 2530: 2523:yellow stars 2518: 2514: 2510: 2508: 2495: 2489: 2487: 2481: 2479: 2470: 2465: 2461: 2459: 2448: 2443:Labour Corps 2434: 2432: 2424: 2421:Consequences 2412: 2405: 2401:Dimo Kazasov 2394: 2390:Bogdan Filov 2382: 2374: 2369: 2363: 2356: 2350: 2348: 2339: 2332: 2328:assimilation 2323: 2319: 2315: 2309: 2296: 2294: 2290:Christianity 2285: 2281: 2277: 2273: 2271: 2247: 2245: 2240: 2237:royal assent 2224: 2217: 2210: 2206: 2198: 2188: 2148: 2139: 2131: 2127: 2122: 2115: 2101: 2099: 2078:Nazi Germany 2044: 2043: 2041: 1799:Gender-blind 1678:Human rights 1498:Racial quota 1485: 1467:Jewish quota 1447:Gerontocracy 1442:Gender roles 1420:Disabilities 1405:Blood purity 1371:Wife selling 1361:White flight 1341:Slut-shaming 1321:Scapegoating 1239:Murder music 904:Palestinians 717:South Africa 702:Black people 680:South Africa 493:Christianity 483:Baháʼí Faith 403:Sectarianism 343:Heterosexism 308:Ephebiphobia 273:Antisemitism 268:Anti-Masonry 127:Hair texture 5172:1941 in law 4812:Nonviolence 4807:LGBT rights 4772:Empowerment 4740:Anti-racism 4662:Segregation 4607:No kid zone 4407:Persecution 4320:Hate speech 4271:Gay bashing 4246:Ethnic joke 4201:Dog whistle 4146:Blood libel 3836:Azerbaijani 3740:Neopaganism 3733:Persecution 3699:Persecution 3682:Persecution 3645:Catholicism 3580:Transphobia 3563:Supremacism 3518:Lesbophobia 3433:Aporophobia 3393:Anti-autism 3244:Taste-based 3239:Statistical 2809:(ae) 1087, 2344:real estate 2144:Freemasonry 1693:Nonviolence 1688:LGBT rights 1653:Empowerment 1621:Anti-racism 1535:Segregation 1480:No kid zone 1276:Persecution 1189:Hate speech 1140:Gay bashing 1115:Ethnic joke 1070:Dog whistle 1015:Blood libel 697:Azerbaijani 593:Neopaganism 586:Persecution 552:Persecution 535:Persecution 498:Catholicism 425:Transphobia 408:Supremacism 363:Lesbophobia 278:Aporophobia 238:Anti-autism 73:Taste-based 68:Statistical 5141:Categories 5086:Stereotype 5081:Speciesism 4962:Oppression 4957:Oikophobia 4853:Allophilia 4837:Toleration 4694:Sodomy law 4587:Internment 4507:Witch-hunt 4385:Blackhawks 4315:Hate group 4303:Hate crime 4276:Gendercide 4266:Freak show 4256:Excellence 4216:Employment 4186:Defamation 4118:Vietnamese 4113:Venezuelan 4003:Lithuanian 3672:Falun Gong 3607:Xenophobia 3602:Vegaphobia 3585:Non-binary 3543:Pedophobia 3508:Homophobia 3320:Skin color 3280:Disability 3253:Attributes 3234:Structural 3074:2015-03-07 3048:2020-03-08 2868:. p.  2801:(F) 173K, 2684:2020-03-08 2577:References 2539:privilegii 2519:privilegii 2379:Opposition 2312:patronymic 2256:Yugoslavia 2162:, lost to 2034:Decree of 1975:Stereotype 1970:Speciesism 1851:Oppression 1846:Oikophobia 1742:Allophilia 1718:Toleration 1567:Sodomy law 1462:Internment 1376:Witch-hunt 1254:Blackhawks 1184:Hate group 1172:Hate crime 1145:Gendercide 1135:Freak show 1125:Excellence 1085:Employment 1055:Defamation 979:Vietnamese 974:Venezuelan 864:Lithuanian 525:Falun Gong 452:Xenophobia 447:Vegaphobia 430:Non-binary 388:Pedophobia 353:Homophobia 157:Skin color 117:Disability 88:Attributes 63:Structural 5059:Christian 4987:Prejudice 4935:Masculism 4883:Diversity 4677:religious 4652:Redlining 4251:Ethnocide 4211:Education 4103:Ukrainian 4038:Pakistani 4028:Mongolian 3951:Australia 3933:Hungarian 3888:Colombian 3868:Bulgarian 3750:Rastafari 3704:Ahmadiyya 3617:Religious 3595:Trans men 3553:Pregnancy 3488:Gayphobia 3483:Fatphobia 3378:Acephobia 3373:Arophobia 3357:Viewpoint 2956:JHU Press 2725:878136358 2527:eucharist 2475:stateless 2428:net worth 2365:Mischling 2221:Palestine 2184:Romanians 2106:Holocaust 2058:Bulgarian 2050:Bulgarian 1948:Christian 1876:Prejudice 1824:Masculism 1772:Diversity 1550:religious 1525:Redlining 1120:Ethnocide 1080:Education 964:Ukrainian 899:Pakistani 889:Mongolian 812:Australia 794:Hungarian 749:Colombian 729:Bulgarian 603:Rastafari 557:Ahmadiyya 468:Religious 440:Trans men 398:Pregnancy 333:Gayphobia 328:Fatphobia 223:Acephobia 218:Arophobia 194:Viewpoint 5116:Category 5098:The talk 5034:Snobbery 4952:Net bias 4782:Feminism 4709:Ugly law 4550:Catholic 4518:policies 4365:Mortgage 4360:Lynching 4291:examples 4286:Genocide 4206:Economic 4191:Democide 4151:Bullying 4068:Romanian 4033:Nigerian 3983:Japanese 3913:Georgian 3898:Filipino 3831:Assyrian 3804:Armenian 3794:American 3789:Albanian 3771:National 3755:Yazidism 3677:Hinduism 3635:Buddhism 3538:Nepotism 3533:Misogyny 3528:Misandry 3453:Cronyism 3448:Clannism 3443:Biphobia 3383:Adultism 3300:Language 2866:ABC-CLIO 2545:See also 2462:jus soli 2360:Baptized 2225:Salvador 2128:protégé, 2056:) was a 1987:The talk 1923:Snobbery 1841:Net bias 1663:Feminism 1582:Ugly law 1425:Catholic 1391:Policies 1234:Mortgage 1229:Lynching 1160:examples 1155:Genocide 1075:Economic 1060:Democide 1020:Bullying 929:Romanian 894:Nigerian 844:Japanese 774:Georgian 759:Filipino 692:Assyrian 665:Armenian 655:American 650:Albanian 630:national 608:Yazidism 530:Hinduism 488:Buddhism 383:Nepotism 378:Misogyny 373:Misandry 298:Cronyism 293:Clannism 288:Biphobia 228:Adultism 137:Language 24:a series 22:Part of 5126:Commons 4905:Figleaf 4330:Housing 4098:Turkish 4048:Pashtun 4018:Mexican 3998:Kurdish 3978:Italian 3973:Israeli 3923:Haitian 3908:Finnish 3883:Chinese 3878:Chechen 3873:Catalan 3863:Bengali 3784:African 3769:Ethnic/ 3728:Judaism 3719:Sunnism 3709:Shi'ism 3625:Atheism 3458:Elitism 3347:Species 3285:Genetic 3275:Dialect 2805:(o) 6, 2797:, CDA, 2515:naredbi 2496:Gestapo 2491:Gestapo 2441:in the 2314:names: 2262:Content 2212:Brannik 2199:Ratniks 2195:fascist 2164:Romania 2112:History 1794:Figleaf 1199:Housing 959:Turkish 909:Pashtun 879:Mexican 859:Kurdish 839:Italian 834:Israeli 784:Haitian 769:Finnish 744:Chinese 739:Chechen 734:Catalan 724:Bengali 645:African 628:Ethnic/ 581:Judaism 572:Sunnism 562:Shi'ism 478:Atheism 303:Elitism 184:Species 122:Genetic 112:Dialect 5091:threat 4945:autism 4682:sexual 4672:racial 4555:Jewish 4412:Pogrom 4390:Chiefs 4380:Braves 4108:Uyghur 4083:Somali 4078:Slavic 4063:Romani 4058:Quebec 4053:Polish 3993:Korean 3988:Jewish 3956:Canada 3943:Indian 3928:Hazara 3903:Fulani 3814:France 3779:Afghan 3714:Sufism 3438:Audism 3366:Social 3295:Height 3171:  3020:  2995:  2962:  2930:  2905:  2876:  2839:  2748:  2723:  2713:  2500:Skopje 2335:banned 2252:Greece 2223:, the 2191:Nazism 2180:Greeks 2132:Ratnik 2123:Ratnik 1980:threat 1834:autism 1555:sexual 1545:racial 1430:Jewish 1281:Pogrom 1259:Chiefs 1249:Braves 969:Uyghur 944:Somali 939:Slavic 924:Romani 919:Quebec 914:Polish 854:Korean 849:Jewish 817:Canada 804:Indian 789:Hazara 764:Fulani 675:France 640:Afghan 567:Sufism 283:Audism 209:Social 132:Height 5069:white 4422:Purge 4088:Tatar 4013:Māori 4008:Malay 3968:Irish 3918:Greek 3893:Croat 3851:China 3809:Asian 3694:Islam 3568:White 3305:Looks 3270:Class 3265:Caste 3222:Forms 2322:, or 1958:white 1291:Purge 949:Tatar 874:Māori 869:Malay 829:Irish 779:Greek 754:Croat 712:China 670:Asian 547:Islam 413:White 142:Looks 107:Class 102:Caste 49:Forms 5064:male 4863:Bias 4308:LGBT 4093:Thai 4073:Serb 3938:Igbo 3799:Arab 3573:Male 3352:Size 3332:Rank 3169:ISBN 3018:ISBN 2993:ISBN 2960:ISBN 2928:ISBN 2903:ISBN 2874:ISBN 2837:ISBN 2811:list 2803:opis 2799:Fund 2746:ISBN 2721:OCLC 2711:ISBN 2509:The 2480:The 2433:The 2349:The 2295:The 2276:The 2274:Law. 2254:and 2176:Roma 2062:Jews 2042:The 1953:male 1752:Bias 1177:LGBT 954:Thai 934:Serb 799:Igbo 660:Arab 418:Male 189:Size 169:Rank 4667:age 3337:Sex 3260:Age 2535:Law 2511:Law 2482:Law 2453:to 2370:Law 2351:Law 2340:Law 2324:–ič 2316:-ov 2297:Law 2286:Law 2278:Law 2248:Law 2102:Law 2076:in 1540:age 174:Sex 97:Age 5143:: 3041:. 2991:. 2989:37 2954:. 2901:. 2897:. 2872:. 2870:90 2864:. 2818:^ 2719:. 2693:^ 2677:. 2601:^ 2584:^ 2477:. 2330:. 2320:-v 2318:, 2307:. 2186:. 2178:, 2134:, 2108:. 2052:: 26:on 3207:e 3200:t 3193:v 3177:. 3077:. 3051:. 3026:. 3001:. 2968:. 2936:. 2911:. 2882:. 2845:. 2754:. 2727:. 2687:. 2469:( 2048:( 2019:e 2012:t 2005:v

Index

a series
Discrimination

Institutional
Structural
Statistical
Taste-based
Age
Caste
Class
Dialect
Disability
Genetic
Hair texture
Height
Language
Looks
Mental disorder
Race / Ethnicity
Skin color
Scientific racism
Rank
Sex
Sexual orientation
Species
Size
Viewpoint
Arophobia
Acephobia
Adultism

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