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possible conditions attached to the contract would to inform women of their rights under
Jordanian law. The Jordanian government has elected to adhere to the Maliki school in some matters, which has restricted women's marriage rights. Hanafi law, which is the dominant influence in Jordan, does not require the consent of a male guardian for a woman to marry. However, under the law applied in Jordan a woman can not marry without the permission of either a Shari'a judge or a male guardian.
110:
The first
Constitution of Jordan was adopted in 1948. This started the process of creating a national legal system in the Post-Ottoman period. Both the 1948 and 1952 constitutions of Jordan affirm that Islam is the state religion. The first Jordanian Law of Family Rights was enacted in 1947; it was
201:
are required to be married under
Islamic law. Article 19 of the Personal Status law allows women to place conditions on their marriage contracts, within certain limitations. As most women are not aware of this right, it is rarely used in practice. Women's rights advocates suggest that a list of
138:
Shari'a courts only have jurisdiction over personal matters, including areas of family law like marriage or divorce, child custody, adoption, and inheritance matters. Islamic religious courts only have jurisdiction over
Muslims. Christians have separate religious councils for most matters.
125:). In cases concerning blood feuds the shari'a courts have exclusive jurisdiction if both parties involved are Muslim. In cases where one party is Muslim and the other non-Muslim, the shari'a courts will have jurisdiction only if the non-Muslim party agrees to trial before a shari'a court.
114:
Under the 1952 Constitution shari'a courts have exclusive jurisdiction over matters regarding the "personal status" of
Muslims, including marriage, divorce, guardianship and inheritance. Shari'a courts also exercise jurisdiction over Muslim religious endowments (call
111:
replaced by the Law of Family Rights 1951. In 1952 the
Jordanian Law of Personal Status was enacted. The first modern Shari'a courts were established in Jordan in 1951. These courts are based on the Hanafi school, but Jordanian laws about women draw on Maliki law.
233:
with the condition that "security enactments take precedence over all law, even if they do not explicitly repeal it." Although passed after 1967, the
Jordanian Law of Personal Status (JLPS) of 1976 is applied by West Bank courts,
237:
The Shari'a courts of the West Bank and the
Jordanian-administered Shari'a court in East Jerusalem are governed under Jordanian law, especially the Law of Shar'i Procedure of 1959. Included within the Shari'a courts
254:(monetary damages for murder or physical injuries). The Shar'a courts have jurisdiction over these matters where the parties are Muslim, or in cases where a non-Muslim party agrees to their jurisdiction.
166:
Jordanian criminal law is based on the
Ottoman Law of 1858, which in turn is based upon the French Penal Code of 1810. In 1960 Jordan issued Criminal Law no. 16. This law was strongly influenced by the
205:
The
Personal Status law does not allow women to have guardianship over children, though this would be allowed under Islamic legal principles. In Jordan, only fathers may be the guardian or
178:
can no longer receive lenient sentences. However, a loophole still exists in article 340 that allows lenient sentences for the murder of a spouse found red-handedly committing adultery.
86:. While secular courts have been established under the Jordanian government in modern times, areas of personal status still fall within the jurisdiction of religious shari'a courts.
215:. Any female dependents under 40, who have not been previously married, are subject to lose their rights to financial maintenance if they "rebel" against their guardian.
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Inheritance laws are a special case which are administered through the religious courts of the family's religion, but governed by Shari'a principles in all cases.
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The legal age of marriage has been increased to 18, but at the chief justice's discretion this may be lowered to 15. All
171:, which borrowed provisions from the French Penal Code regarding penalties for crimes committed against women (art 562).
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Israeli occupation forces accepted that the West Bank would be governed under the law that was in effect before June 5,
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211:. A "guardian" is a person appointed under law to act on behalf of a minor or other person who does not have full
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36:, but it did not state that Islam is the source of legislation. Jordanian penal code has been influenced by the
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Protecting the World's Children: Impact of the Convention on the Rights of the Child in Diverse Legal Systems
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voluntarily accept the jurisdiction of the Personal Status law in matters regarding inheritances.
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119:, "purely religious affairs" and the reconciliation of blood feuds through blood money (called
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Between the Rule of Law and States of Emergency: The Fluid Jurisprudence of the Israeli Regime
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Tribes were very important in Jordan and the tribes had varied legal traditions. During the
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The 1917 Ottoman Family Code forms the basis of modern Jordanian personal status laws.
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After amendments were passed to article 98 of the penal code in 2017, perpetrators of
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applies to all disputes involving Muslims and the children of Muslim fathers. Many
340:"Overview of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Legal System and Research - GlobaLex"
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over the lower appeal courts. Shari'a court judges are selected from among the
248:(religious endowments), family law, personal status issues, and petitions for
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courts whose decisions were based on the four schools of Islamic law (called
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Women's Rights in the Middle East and North Africa: Citizenship and Justice
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Women's Rights and Islamic Family Law: Perspectives on Reform
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Jordanian law is influenced by Ottoman law. Until 1918, the
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Haddad, Yvonne Yazbeck; Stowasser, Barbara Freyer (2004).
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219:Influence in the Occupied Palestinian territories
93:reforms of the Ottoman legal system, the Ottoman
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447:Islamic Law and the Challenges of Modernity
468:Gender and Citizenship in the Middle East
487:Nazir, Sameena; Tomppert, Leigh (2005).
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142:The shari'a court system has both
56:and its legal system consisted of
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150:. The High Court of Justice has
186:The Personal Status law is the
567:. Cambridge University Press.
529:. Princeton University Press.
1:
525:Patai, Raphael (2015-12-08).
472:. Syracuse University Press.
269:2023 cybercrime law in Jordan
169:Lebanese Criminal Law of 1943
506:Mehozay, Yoav (2016-10-20).
491:. Rowman & Littlefield.
295:Haddad & Stowasser 2004
618:
222:
99:was introduced to Jordan.
402:Nazir & Tomppert 2005
38:French Penal Code of 1810
144:courts of first instance
544:Welchman, Lynn (2004).
24:and European laws. The
264:Jerusalem Islamic Waqf
152:appellate jurisdiction
26:Constitution of Jordan
464:Joseph, Suad (2000).
44:Historical background
192:Jordanian Christians
449:. Rowman Altamira.
182:Personal Status law
376:Human Rights Watch
574:978-1-139-46503-8
555:978-1-84277-095-5
536:978-1-4008-7799-7
527:Kingdom of Jordan
517:978-1-4384-6340-7
498:978-0-7425-4992-0
479:978-0-8156-2865-1
456:978-0-7591-0671-0
199:Jordanian Muslims
50:Kingdom of Jordan
28:of 1952 affirmed
20:is influenced by
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66:). These four
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359:Joseph 2000
327:UNICEF 2007
22:Ottoman law
586:Categories
439:References
345:2017-12-02
312:Patai 2015
223:See also:
188:family law
106:Modern era
372:"Jordan"
258:See also
91:Tanzimat
68:madhabib
382:31 July
96:Mecelle
84:Hanbali
80:Shafi'i
63:madhhab
58:Shari'a
32:as the
592:Sharia
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208:welaya
82:, and
76:Maliki
72:Hanafi
275:Notes
156:ulama
122:diyah
117:waqfs
70:are:
30:Islam
569:ISBN
550:ISBN
531:ISBN
512:ISBN
493:ISBN
474:ISBN
451:ISBN
384:2018
251:diya
245:waqf
242:are
231:1967
146:and
16:The
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