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The law was modified in 1942 and remained in force until 1966. It was promulgated to give a legal cover to the repression carried out during the dismantlement of the
Spanish republican institutions, as well as to penalise those who had remained loyal to the legally established government at the time
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to the confiscation of all the accused's assets). Furthermore, additional penalties included restriction of professional activities, limitation of freedom of residence and forfeiture of
Spanish citizenship. Deceased and disappeared persons could be held responsible, and their families inherited the
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According to Helen Graham, Francoist Spain was "constructed as a monolithic community by means of the brutal exclusions of specific categories of people.... Those excluded, broadly speaking, were defeated
Republican constituencies who could not leave Spain... who to the Franco government were all
261:(Commission for the Discharge of Political Responsibilities) remained in operation until 1966, when the law was effectively abolished. Between 1939 and 1945, 500,000 persons out a population of 23,000,000 (2% of the population of Spain) were subject to proceedings on political responsibilities.
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and could be applied with effects as far back as
October 1934, a juridical aberration since those who had followed the laws of the legally constituted government of the Spanish Republic were suddenly prosecuted for "helping rebellion".
300:
494:
Eiroa
Sanfrancisco, Matilde. Isabel de Palencia: diplomacia, periodismo y militancia al servicio de la RepĂşblica. Universidad de Málaga, Publicaciones y DivulgaciĂłn CientĂfica, 2014, pp. 266-67.
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rejected the only condition of the
Republican government for a surrender: a guarantee of no reprisals against the defeated Republicans. According to
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431:...a «quienes habĂan permanecido leales al Gobierno constitucional se les encausaba ahora por "auxilio a la rebeliĂłn"»
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181:, Nationalist Spain was "little more than an open prison for all those who did not sympathize with the regime".
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The law established fines and expropriations for defendants and their families (from 100
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economic sanctions. Among the victims of the law were intellectuals and artists such as
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On 13 February 1939, Franco published in Burgos the Law of
Political Responsibilities (
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La Ley de
Responsabilidades PolĂticas, un arma más de represiĂłn durante el franquismo
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The Law of
Political Responsibilities was only nominally repealed in April 1945. A
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and, once placed beyond the nation, they were deemed to be without rights.".
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in the postwar era, and an estimated half-a-million people were prosecuted.
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including all government officers of the
Republic and all members of the
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party from 1 October 1934 and all of those who had opposed the military
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Con permiso de la autoridad. La España de Franco (1939-1935).
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The Spanish Civil War. Reaction, revolution & revenge.
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The Spanish Civil War. Reaction, Revolution & Revenge.
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July 1936 military rebellion against the Spanish Republic
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The Battle for Spain; The Spanish Civil War 1936-1939.
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The Battle for Spain. The Spanish Civil War 1936-1939.
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The Battle for Spain. The Spanish Civil War 1936-1939.
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The Battle for Spain. The Spanish Civil War 1936-1939.
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on 13 February 1939 two months before the end of the
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ComisiĂłn Liquidadora de Responsabilidades PolĂticas
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599:The Francoist Repression in the Catalan Countries.
538:The Spanish Republic and the Civil War, 1931-1939.
483:The Francoist Repression in the Catalan Countries.
331:Cuadernos de Historia NÂş 39 - Universidad de Chile
524:The Spanish Civil War. A Very Short Introduction.
463:The Spanish Civil War. A very short Introduction.
380:The Spanish Civil War. A very short Introduction.
354:The Spanish Civil War. A very short Introduction.
540:Princenton University Press. 1967. Princenton.
318:Penguin Books. 2006. London. pp. 385–386
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593:Spain History - Rule of Franco (1939 - 1975)
395:Harper Perennial. 2006. London. p. 296
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173:, the war was lost for the Republic, and
130:. The law targeted all supporters of the
421:Penguin Books. 2006. London. p. 385
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304:. Referencia: 1939/01451, páginas TIFF.
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382:Oxford University Press. 2005. p. 129.
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465:Oxford University Press. 2005. p. 134
408:. Penguin Books. London. 2003. p. 870
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169:In February 1939, soon after the
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32:Law of Political Responsibilities
554:Harper Perennial. 2006. London.
298:nÂş 44, de 13 de febrero de 1939,
146:. It was a central piece of the
134:and penalized membership in the
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616:Government of Francoist Spain
575:Penguin Books. London. 2001.
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138:of the defeated republic.
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132:Second Spanish Republic
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573:The Spanish Civil War.
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122:) was a law issued by
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435:Julio Gil Pecharromán
406:The Spanish Civil War
626:White Terror (Spain)
276:White Terror (Spain)
148:Francoist repression
49:As published in the
536:Jackson, Gabriel.
239:Pere Bosch-Gimpera
66:Territorial extent
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560:978-0-00-723207-9
532:978-0-19-280377-1
447:978-84-8460-693-2
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282:References
165:Background
253:Aftermath
265:See also
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154:History
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