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curves in to the left. The same bowler can deliver a "backhand draw" or "thumb peg" by turning the bowl over in his hand and curving it the opposite way, from left to right. In both cases, the bowl is rolled as close to the jack as possible, unless tactics demand otherwise. A "drive" or "fire" or "strike" involves bowling with force with the aim of knocking either the jack or a specific bowl out of play - and with the drive's speed, there is virtually no noticeable (or, at least, much less) curve on the shot. An "upshot" or "yard on" shot involves delivering the bowl with an extra degree of weight (often referred to as "controlled" weight or "rambler"), enough to displace the jack or disturb other bowls in the head without killing the end. A "block" shot is one that is intentionally placed short to defend from a drive or to stop an oppositions draw shot. The challenge in all these shots is to be able to adjust line and length accordingly, the faster the delivery, the narrower the line or "green".
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play even if they get into the ditch. Similarly if the jack is knocked into the ditch it is still alive unless it is out of bounds to the side resulting in a "dead" end which is replayed, though according to international rules the jack is "respotted" to the centre of the rink and the end is continued. After each competitor has delivered all of their bowls (four each in singles and pairs, three each in triples, and two bowls each in fours), the distance of the closest bowls to the jack is determined (the jack may have been displaced) and points, called "shots", are awarded for each bowl which a competitor has closer than the opponent's nearest to the jack. For instance, if a competitor has bowled two bowls closer to the jack than their opponent's nearest, they are awarded two shots. The exercise is then repeated for the next end, a game of bowls typically being of twenty-one ends.
226:, contains a drawing in which two persons are shown, but they bowl to no mark. Strutt (Sports and Pastimes) suggests that the first player's bowl may have been regarded by the second player as a species of jack; but in that case it is not clear what was the first player's target. In these three earliest illustrations of the pastime it is worth noting that each player has one bowl only, and that the attitude in delivering it was as various five or six hundred years ago as it is today. In the third, he stands almost upright; in the first, he kneels; in the second, he stoops, halfway between the upright and the kneeling position.
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usual for several ends to be played simultaneously on one green. If two moving woods meet, both are taken back and the shots replayed. If a moving wood strikes a stationary wood or jack from another end, it is again taken back and replayed, but the bowl struck is replaced where contact took place. The game is played usually to 21-up in
Singles and Doubles format with some competitions playing to 31-up. The Panel (Professional Crown Green Bowls) is played at the Red Lion Bowling Green,
370:. In the simplest competition, singles, one of the two opponents flips a coin to see who wins the "mat" and begins a segment of the competition (in bowling parlance, an "end"), by placing the mat and rolling the jack to the other end of the green to serve as a target. Once it has come to rest, the jack is aligned to the centre of the rink and the players take turns to roll their bowls from the mat towards the jack and thereby build up the "head".
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game is played over 21 ends. A player concedes the game before the 21st end if the score difference is such that it is impossible to draw equal or win within the 21 ends. If the score is equal after 21 ends, an extra end is played to decide the winner. An additional scoring method is set play. This comprises two sets over nine ends. Should a player win a set each, they then play a further 3 ends that will decide the winner.
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Some competitions use a "set" scoring system, with the first to seven points awarded a set in a best-of-three or best-of-five set match. As well as singles competition, there can be two (pairs), three (triples) and four-player (fours) teams. In these, teams bowl alternately, with each player within a team bowling all their bowls, then handing over to the next player. The team captain or "
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421:) is sets. Each set consists of nine ends and the player with the most shots at the end of a set wins the set. If the score is tied the set is halved. If a player wins two sets, or gets a win and a tie, that player wins the game. If each player wins a set, or both sets end tied, there is a 3-end tiebreaker to determine a winner.
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302:, and then only in their master's house and presence. It was further enjoined that any one playing bowls outside his own garden or orchard was liable to a penalty of 6s. 8d. (6 shillings and 8 pence), while those possessed of lands of the yearly value of ÂŁ100 might obtain licences to play on their own private greens.
896:"In the old game of bowls, it was a technical term used in reference to balls made with a greater weight on one side (1560s), causing them to curve toward one side; hence the figurative use 'a one-sided tendency of the mind' (1570s), and, at first especially in law, 'undue propensity or prejudice.'" (
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Singles, triples and fours and
Australian pairs are some ways the game can be played. In singles, two people play against each other and the first to reach 21, 25, or 31 shots (as decided by the controlling body) is the winner. In one variation of singles play, each player uses two bowls only and the
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Bowls have symbols unique to the set of four for identification. The side of the bowl with a larger symbol within a circle indicates the side away from the bias. That side with a smaller symbol within a smaller circle is the bias side toward which the bowl will turn. It is not uncommon for players to
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Bowls were once only available coloured black or brown, but they are now available in a variety of colours. They have unique symbol markings engraved on them for identification. Since many bowls look the same, coloured, adhesive stickers or labels are also used to mark the bowls of each team in bowls
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in 1830, in
Britain, is strongly believed to have been the catalyst for the worldwide preparation of modern-style greens, sporting ovals, playing fields, pitches, grass courts, etc. This, in turn, led to the codification of modern rules for many sports, including lawn bowls, most football codes, lawn
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In 1864, William
Wallace Mitchell (1803â1884), a Glasgow Cotton Merchant, published his "Manual of Bowls Playing" following his work as the secretary formed in 1849 by Scottish bowling clubs which became the basis of the rules of the modern game. Young Mitchell was only 11 years old when he played on
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In the Laws of the Sport of Bowls the winner in a singles game is the first player to score 21 shots. In all other disciplines (pairs, triples, fours) the winner is the team who has scored the most shots after 21/25 ends of play. Often local tournaments will play shorter games (often 10 or 12 ends).
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and other monarchs. Even when, on the invention of gunpowder and firearms, the bow had fallen into disuse as a weapon of war, the prohibition was continued. The discredit attaching to bowling alleys, first established in London in 1455, probably encouraged subsequent repressive legislation, for many
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of his day and, writing of the summer amusements of young men, says that on holidays they were "exercised in
Leaping, Shooting, Wrestling, Casting of Stones , and Throwing of Javelins fitted with Loops for the Purpose, which they strive to fling before the Mark; they also use Bucklers, like fighting
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The balls are biased in the same way as the lawn bowls balls but with a diameter of about 20 cm (7.9 in), a thickness of 12 cm (4.7 in) and a weight of about 2 kg (4.4 lb), they are a bit bigger than usual bowls. The target is an unmovable feather or metal plate on the
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Particularly in team competition there can be a large number of bowls on the green towards the conclusion of the end, and this gives rise to complex tactics. Teams "holding shot" with the closest bowl will often make their subsequent shots not with the goal of placing the bowl near the jack, but in
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The insertion of weights is no longer permitted by the rules and bias is now produced entirely by the shape of the bowl. A bowler determines the bias direction of the bowl in his hand by a dimple or symbol on one side. Regulations determine the minimum bias allowed, and the range of diameters (11.6
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A bowl may curve outside the rink boundary on its path, but must come to rest within the rink boundary to remain in play. Bowls falling into the ditch are dead and removed from play, except in the event when one has "touched" the jack on its way. "Touchers" are marked with chalk and remain alive in
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Another pairs variation is 242 pairs (also known as
Australian Pairs). In the first end of the game the A players lead off with 2 bowls each, then the B players play 4 bowls each, before the A players complete the end with their final 2 bowls. The A players act as lead and skip in the same end. In
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Pairs allows both people on a team to play Skip and Lead. The lead throws two bowls, the skip delivers two, then the lead delivers his remaining two, the skip then delivers his remaining two bowls. Each end, the leads and skips switch positions. This is played over 21 ends or sets play. Triples is
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Bowls are played by the blind and paraplegic. Blind bowlers are extremely skillful. A string is run out down the centre of the lane and wherever the jack lands, it is moved across to the string and the length is called out by a sighted marker. When the woods are sent the distance from the jack is
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utilises the entire green. A player can send the jack anywhere on the green in this game and the green itself is more akin to a golf green, with much undulation. It is played with only two woods each. The jack also has a bias and is only slightly smaller than the woods. At the amateur level it is
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Another manuscript of the same century has a crude but spirited picture which brings us into close touch with the existing game. Three figures are introduced and a jack. The first player's bowl has come to rest just in front of the jack; the second has delivered his bowl and is following after it
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When bowling there are several types of delivery. "Draw" shots are those where the bowl is rolled to a specific location without causing too much disturbance of bowls already in the head. For a right-handed bowler, "forehand draw" or "finger peg" is initially aimed to the right of the jack, and
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with one of those eccentric contortions still not unusual on modern greens, the first player meanwhile making a repressive gesture with his hand, as if to urge the bowl to stop short of his own; the third player is depicted as in the act of delivering his bowl. A 14th-century manuscript,
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is an all-year sport unaffected by weather conditions and it does not require a permanent location as the rink mats can be rolled up and stowed away. This makes it particularly appropriate for small communities as it can be played in village halls, schools, sports and social clubs.
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in which players try to roll their ball (called a bowl) closest to a smaller ball (known as a "jack" or sometimes a "kitty"). The bowls are heavier on one side (called a bias), so that they turn when being rolled. The game is played either in teams or one against one.
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variants are recorded that involved throwing light objects (such as flat stones, coins, or later also stone balls) as far as possible. The aspect of tossing the balls to approach a target as closely as possible is recorded in ancient Rome. This game was spread to
614:â a 2002 Australian comedy film about a wisecracking layabout who joins a lawn bowls club in order to be allowed to use a free parking spot but is forced to play bowls with the much older crowd when the club enters financial difficulty.
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daily and is played to 41-up with greenside betting throughout play. The Green was formerly owned by the pub (now demolished) but was purchased in 2007 by The Panel who paid the brewery ÂŁ12,000 for the renowned green and its surrounds.
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The game eventually came under the ban of king and
Parliament, both fearing it might jeopardise the practice of archery, then so important in battle. Statutes forbidding it and other sports were enacted in the reigns of
187:, Fitzstephen refers to an early variety of bowls, possibly played using round stone; there is a record of iron bowls being used, though at a much later date, on festive occasions at Nairn.. On the other hand, the
122:, which can vary by the type of bowls being played. Whilst the game is often played outdoors, there are indoor bowling venues, and can also be played on rollable carpets. For outdoor games, this is usually on
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The game was first played in the 13th century. The game is played on grass, although other surfaces are sometimes used. Matches are held either until one player gets to a score, or when a number of
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The scoring is also different, as a point is awarded for every shot that brings the ball closer to the target than any opponent's ball. This causes pure blocking strategies to be less effective.
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In 1972, the West-Flemish tra bowls federation was founded to uniform the local differing rules and to organise a match calendar. Meanwhile, they also organise championships and tournaments.
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positions to make it difficult for opponents to get their bowls into the head, or to places where the jack might be deflected to if the opponent attempts to disturb the head.
202:(No. 20, E iv.), contains a drawing representing two players aiming at a small cone instead of an earthenware ball or jack. The world's oldest surviving bowling green is the
551:(and surrounding regions), tra bowls is the most popular variation of bowls. As opposed to playing it on a flat or uneven terrain, the terrain is made smooth but hollow (
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Lawn bowls is played on grass and variations from green to green are common. Greens come in all shapes and sizes: the most common are fast, slow, big crown, small crown.
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Bowls is generally played in a very good spirit, even at the highest professional level, acknowledgment of opponents' successes and near misses being quite normal.
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the second end the roles are reversed with the A players being in the middle. This alternating pattern continues through the game which is typically over 15 ends.
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to 13.1 cm (4.6 to 5.2 in)), but within these rules bowlers can and do choose bowls to suit their own preference. They were originally made from
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It is clear, at any rate, that a rudimentary form of the game was played in
England in the 13th century. A manuscript of that period in the royal library,
1169:(archive film of a bowling match at the Whitevale and Kingswood Bowling Clubs, Glasgow - from the National Library of Scotland: SCOTTISH SCREEN ARCHIVE)
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was formed in 1880. The
Scottish Bowling Association was established in 1892, although there had been a failed attempt in 1848 by 200 Scottish clubs.
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deliver a "wrong bias" shot from time to time and see their carefully aimed bowl crossing neighbouring rinks rather than heading towards their jack.
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298:âwhich was not repealed until 1845âartificers, labourers, apprentices, servants and the like were forbidden to play bowls at any time except
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417:" always plays last and is instrumental in directing his team's shots and tactics. The current method of scoring in the professional tour (
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called out, in yards, feet and inches. The position in relation to the jack is given using the clock; 12.00 is behind the jack.
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matches. Some local associations agree on specific colours for stickers for each of the clubs in their area. Provincial or
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Games to a specified number of ends may also be drawn. The draw may stand, or the opponents may be required to play an
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National
Bowling Associations were established in the late 1800s. In the then-Victorian Colony (now the state of
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Bowls in England has been traced certainly to the 13th century, and conjecturally to the 12th century.
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809:"The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Sports and Pastimes of the People of England by Joseph Strutt"
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just means "hollow road" in Flemish). The hollow road causes the path to be curving even more.
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with three players while Fours is with four players in each team and is played over 21 ends.
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Today, bowls is played in over 40 countries with more than 50 member national authorities.
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are often assigned in national and international competitions. These stickers are used by
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a player in a singles game reaches a specified target number of shots (usually 21 or 25).
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ground, instead of a small ball. The length of the tra is about 18 m (59 ft).
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Lawn bowls is usually played on a large, rectangular, precisely levelled and manicured
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for "wooden ball" is recorded in the early 1400s. The name is explicitly mentioned, as
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to decide the winner. These provisions are always published beforehand in the event's
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which was originally produced by inserting weights in one side of the bowl. The word
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of the alleys were connected with taverns frequented by the dissolute and gamesters.
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a team (pair, triple or four) has the higher score after a specified number of ends.
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Scoring systems vary from competition to competition. Games can be decided when:
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Sport involving rolling biased balls so that they stop closest to a smaller ball
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Bowls is one of the "core sports" that must be included at each edition of the
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Two bowls with club stickers. The jack/kitty is sitting in front of the bowls.
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872:"Laws of the Sport of Bowls (2011, Crystal Mark Second Edition), World Bowls"
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Kilmarnock bowling green, the oldest club in Scotland, instituted in 1740.
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708:"Florilegium urbanum - Introduction - FitzStephen's Description of London"
606:â a 2003 comedy film about a young bowls player, based upon Griff Sanders.
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154:), which, in their general form, are of ancient or prehistoric origin.
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shows people playing this game, stooping down to measure the points.
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This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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There are various bowls competitions held around the world (see -
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itself is recorded as a technical term of the game in the 1560s.
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Bowls are designed to travel a curved path because of a weight
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Australian Broadcasting Corporation's Radio National
784:"Southampton Old Bowling Green, Southampton, England"
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A bowls tra with bowls and spectator seats next to it
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which is divided into parallel playing strips called
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584:. With the exception of the 1966 Games, the sport
498:There are many different ways to set up the game.
1084:Website of the West-Flemish tra bowls federation
936:"Red Lion pub in Westhoughton to be demolished"
592:has so far dominated the sport with 51 medals.
282:, in a list of unlawful games in a 1495 act by
191:of which he speaks may have been more akin to
1401:
1188:
733:"The shady past of the genteel game of bowls"
695:PĂ©tanque - Technique, Tactique, Entrainement,
274:, recorded in the mid-15th century. The term
163:by soldiers or sailors. A Roman sepulchre in
8:
1162:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
39:
290:). It occurs again in a similar statute by
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1408:
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645:Disabled lawn bowls player classification
693:Marco Foyot, Alain Dupuy, Louis Dalmas,
313:British bowls team visiting Canada, 1906
686:
962:"Bowls: Panel look back to the future"
803:
801:
183:Men." It is commonly supposed that by
1095:"From bowling green to silver screen"
174:(d. about 1190), in his biography of
7:
288:Tenys, Closshe, Dise, Cardes, Bowles
126:; however, it can also be played on
2103:Indigenous North American stickball
1075:http://www.westvlaamsetrabolders.be
25:
988:"Short Mat Bowling For Beginners"
1136:
1123:
1044:"Tra bowls information brochure"
1014:"Blind Bowling Explained - RBBG"
362:or synthetic surface known as a
206:, which was first used in 1299.
178:, gives a graphic sketch of the
45:
588:since their inception in 1930.
118:The game is mostly played on a
3078:Sports originating in Scotland
861:, first broadcast 6 June 2010.
650:Hastings Open Bowls Tournament
586:has been included in all Games
294:(1511). By a further act, the
1:
3068:Sports originating in England
874:. World Bowls. Archived from
331:Victorian Bowling Association
204:Southampton Old Bowling Green
1777:International rules football
317:The patenting of the first
3094:
142:Bowls is a variant of the
29:
2063:
1638:Australian rules football
1566:
1423:
270:is implied in the gerund
44:
1080:30 November 2020 at the
260:referred to the game as
86:Bowl/wood and jack/kitty
1159:EncyclopĂŠdia Britannica
966:Manchester Evening News
296:Unlawful Games Act 1541
1167:A GAME OF BOWLS (1939)
544:
491:
467:to distinguish teams.
434:
355:
314:
262:
241:
32:Bowls (disambiguation)
2951:Other non-ball sports
2915:Synchronized swimming
2497:Mesoamerican ballgame
1682:Circle rules football
1300:Cantabrian bolo palma
757:DCHP (19 July 2021).
697:Robert Laffont, 1984.
542:
486:
432:
347:
312:
232:
51:Canadian lawn bowler
3020:Synchronized skating
1571:Association football
1132:at Wikimedia Commons
489:Edgworth, Lancashire
30:For other uses, see
2920:Underwater football
2020:Other related codes
1812:Medieval/historical
1377:QubicaAMF Worldwide
1024:on 13 November 2017
759:"Jack of the green"
547:In the province of
500:Crown Green Bowling
353:Victoria, Australia
327:Victoria, Australia
322:tennis and others.
172:William Fitzstephen
41:
2747:Net and wall games
1893:Uppies and downies
1797:Universal football
1648:Lightning football
1325:Irish road bowling
1056:on 5 December 2013
968:. 17 February 2007
942:. 15 February 2015
838:www.greydragon.org
834:"Playing at Bowls"
675:World Bowls Events
596:In popular culture
582:Commonwealth Games
575:World Bowls Events
545:
492:
479:Variations of play
435:
405:Conditions of Play
356:
315:
242:
233:Bowling greens in
218:collection in the
3038:
3037:
2973:Combat (juggling)
2716:British baseball
2567:
2566:
2396:Other ball sports
2391:
2390:
2289:Underwater hockey
2050:
2049:
1833:Calcio fiorentino
1748:Canadian football
1701:American football
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1128:Media related to
813:www.gutenberg.org
487:A crown green at
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16:(Redirected from
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2720:English baseball
2542:Valencian pilota
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1792:Swedish football
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148:games (Italian:
95:, also known as
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3015:Roller derby
2907:Water sports
2827:Sepak takraw
2817:Newcomb ball
2573:Bat-and-ball
2443:Longue paume
2438:Jeu de paume
2215:Floor hockey
2203:Field hockey
1912:Rugby league
1601:minifootball
1581:beach soccer
1443:Sportspeople
1267:
1218:Basque bowls
1157:
1103:. Retrieved
1098:
1089:
1070:
1058:. Retrieved
1051:the original
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1026:. Retrieved
1022:the original
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876:the original
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625:Basque bowls
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569:Competitions
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349:Swifts Creek
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239:Central Park
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115:are played.
112:
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101:lawn bowling
100:
96:
92:
91:
63:13th century
60:First played
36:
3005:Makura-Nage
2862:pioneerball
2792:Footbag net
2732:Wiffle ball
2423:Gain-ground
2418:Flickerball
2378:Segway polo
2318:Cowboy polo
2181:Ball hockey
2138:intercrosse
1949:Rugby union
1782:Samoa rules
1658:Nine-a-side
1653:Metro footy
1417:Team sports
1231:Rolle Bolle
1060:11 December
1028:12 November
998:10 February
992:Bowls.co.uk
972:10 February
946:10 February
920:10 February
843:13 November
818:10 February
768:10 February
742:10 February
717:13 November
611:Crackerjack
132:New Zealand
3063:Lawn games
3058:Ball games
3047:Categories
3025:Tug of war
2983:wheelchair
2940:inner tube
2930:Water polo
2879:Tag sports
2837:Volleyball
2802:Footvolley
2670:Schlagball
2559:Yukigassen
2554:Whirlyball
2532:Tchoukball
2527:Tamburello
2507:Prisonball
2475:wheelchair
2408:Cycle ball
2373:Polocrosse
2358:Arena polo
2323:Cycle polo
2240:ice sledge
2225:Ice hockey
2128:box/indoor
2113:Knattleikr
2042:Yubi lakpi
2011:Wheelchair
1942:wheelchair
1878:Marn grook
1873:Lelo burti
1736:wheelchair
1611:powerchair
1606:paralympic
1530:wheelchair
1493:wheelchair
1468:Basketball
1253:Bocce volo
681:References
319:lawn mower
292:Henry VIII
251:Richard II
247:Edward III
161:Roman Gaul
97:lawn bowls
18:Lawn Bowls
3010:Paintball
2995:Hornussen
2963:Bo-taoshi
2832:Throwball
2765:Bossaball
2702:Town ball
2697:Stoolball
2692:Stickball
2680:Fastpitch
2660:PesÀpallo
2593:BrÀnnboll
2588:Baseball5
2522:Roll ball
2517:Quidditch
2413:Dodgeball
2403:Angleball
2367:Snow polo
2338:Horseball
2313:Auto polo
2220:Floorball
2198:Broomball
2037:Jegichagi
2032:KÄ«-o-rahi
1858:Harpastum
1787:Speedball
1706:eight-man
1663:Rec footy
1586:freestyle
1500:Cestoball
1374:Brunswick
1295:Candlepin
790:6 January
655:Lawn game
603:Blackball
535:Tra bowls
465:officials
401:extra end
300:Christmas
284:Henry VII
214:, in the
83:Equipment
53:Tim Mason
3030:Ultimate
2968:Buzkashi
2857:standing
2770:Fistball
2737:Wireball
2675:Softball
2665:Rounders
2635:Kickball
2618:Twenty20
2598:Corkball
2583:Baseball
2547:Llargues
2512:Pushball
2487:Kin-Ball
2455:Handball
2450:Goalball
2383:Yak polo
2343:Motoball
2252:Rinkball
2247:Ringette
2123:Lacrosse
2092:Super11s
2078:Gateball
1868:La soule
1814:football
1716:nine-man
1692:Gridiron
1631:teqballâ
1557:Football
1547:Slamball
1542:Ringball
1510:Korfball
1345:Skittles
1340:Nine-pin
1315:Five-pin
1278:PĂ©tanque
1222:Belgian
1099:BBC News
1078:Archived
660:PĂ©tanque
619:See also
263:globurum
193:shot put
165:Florence
3073:Bowling
2978:Curling
2958:Airsoft
2892:Kho kho
2887:Kabaddi
2852:sitting
2760:Biribol
2712:Vitilla
2685:16-inch
2645:Matball
2608:One Day
2603:Cricket
2482:Kaatsen
2363:Chovgan
2262:in-line
2150:Ritinis
2143:women's
2088:Camogie
2083:Hurling
1917:masters
1838:Camping
1823:Ba game
1721:six-man
1675:Ladies'
1576:amputee
1537:Rezball
1515:Netball
1505:Dueball
1355:Ten-pin
1320:Gorodki
1305:Duckpin
1238:Borella
1226:Feather
1204:Bowling
1147::
882:1 April
590:England
384:Scoring
258:Erasmus
200:Windsor
138:History
103:, is a
77:Bowling
3000:Jereed
2847:indoor
2822:Peteca
2807:Jianzi
2707:Vigoro
2492:Lagori
2306:sports
2279:Shinny
2208:indoor
2174:sports
2172:Hockey
2155:Shinty
2118:Knotty
2108:Iomain
2073:Cammag
2057:sports
1969:sevens
1932:sevens
1863:Kemari
1843:Cnapan
1802:Volata
1767:Austus
1758:Hybrid
1726:sprint
1626:street
1591:futsal
1525:indoor
1360:Turkey
1335:Mölkky
1258:Boccia
1243:Boules
1141:
911:"Home"
640:Boules
635:Boccia
280:bowles
272:bowlyn
224:Oxford
180:London
145:boules
128:cotula
3053:Bowls
2935:canoe
2842:beach
2812:Jokgu
2785:Rugby
2775:Fives
2640:Lapta
2575:games
2537:Ulama
2470:field
2465:Czech
2460:beach
2235:power
2186:Bandy
2133:field
2068:Bando
2006:Touch
1989:touch
1984:Tambo
1959:beach
1927:nines
1905:codes
1903:Rugby
1816:codes
1760:codes
1731:touch
1694:codes
1621:socca
1560:codes
1520:Fast5
1488:water
1473:beach
1428:Sport
1283:Raffa
1268:Bowls
1248:Bocce
1154:Bowls
1105:4 May
1054:(PDF)
1047:(PDF)
786:. BBC
670:Trugo
630:Bocce
368:rinks
360:grass
268:bowls
151:bocce
124:grass
105:sport
93:Bowls
40:Bowls
2990:Guts
2867:snow
2780:Eton
2650:OinÄ
2613:Test
2353:Polo
2348:Pato
2304:Polo
2267:quad
2230:pond
2191:rink
2027:Cuju
1994:tens
1974:snow
1964:mini
1853:Cuju
1828:Caid
1711:flag
1643:AFLX
1478:deaf
1330:Kubb
1107:2008
1062:2014
1030:2017
1000:2023
974:2023
948:2023
922:2023
915:Home
884:2011
845:2017
820:2023
792:2009
770:2023
744:2023
719:2017
444:bias
439:bias
414:skip
340:Game
276:bowl
113:ends
73:Type
1979:tag
1937:tag
1922:mod
1483:3x3
1156:".
577:).
553:tra
237:'s
222:at
130:in
99:or
3049::
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1999:X
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20:)
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