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In its civilian service configuration, the Laté 521 would transport a maximum of 72 passengers in luxurious conditions. However, typical trans-Atlantic services would normally only carry around 26 passengers, all of which would be upon the lower deck. Larger passenger complements could be carried on
293:
are also present on the lower deck. The more compact and narrower upper level of the hull featured seating for 18 passengers, along with a storage compartment, a second kitchen and bar, and another lavatory. The forward section of the upper deck is also where the two flying officers and the
232:. The hull used a longitudinal construction approach, dissipating stress from the skin across its transverse frames. As a measure to mitigate against potential damage, the hull was divided into seven water-tight compartments. The stub-wings, hinged to the bottom of the hull, each carried a
213:. Weighing roughly 37,000 kg (82,000 lb) loaded and 17,000 kg (37,000 lb) empty, it was the largest aircraft to be manufactured by French industry at that time. It offered a maximum range of 4,500 km (2,800 mi) between refuelling stops. The four inboard
252:
design, both the box spars and ribs being made of duralumin. The structure of the wing was internally braced by a combination of duralumin tubular tie rods and round high-tensile steel tubing. The rounded wing tips were supported by lattice-form spars. The statically-balanced
130:, who was able to launch several previously-unattainable long distance passenger routes. As a civilian aircraft, the Laté 521 was outfitted as a luxurious airliner, providing a high level of comfort for up to 72 passengers. Shortly after the outbreak of the
364:
on the trans-Atlantic routes. Prior to Air France's adoption of the Laté 521, the airline had only been able to carry air mail along some of its long distance routes, and thus had enabled new passenger services to be launched for the first time.
294:
commanding officer would be seated. Directly behind the pilots is where the aircraft's flight engineers would be stationed, these engineers could directly access all six engines in-flight via compact walkways housed inside of the wings.
240:
section to assist during takeoff runs. A large number of stiffeners were present throughout the stub-wings to achieve a relatively stress-resistant construction, conveying and distributing stresses across the frames and hull spars.
309:, each capable of 660 kW (890 hp), for the first aircraft. This change involved considerable redesign work and delayed the project's completion. Controlling these engines posed several difficulties; thus the
1062:
Bousquet, Gérard (February 2004). "Le Latécoère 521 "Lieutenant De
Vaisseau Paris": le premier transatlantique (3)" [The Latécoère 521 "Lieutenant De Vaisseau Paris": First across the Atlantic, Part 3].
1026:
Bousquet, Gérard (December 2003). "Le Latécoère 521 "Lieutenant De
Vaisseau Paris": le premier transatlantique (1)" [The Latécoère 521 "Lieutenant De Vaisseau Paris": First across the Atlantic, Part 1].
1044:
Bousquet, Gérard (January 2004). "Le Latécoère 521 "Lieutenant De
Vaisseau Paris": le premier transatlantique (2)" [The Latécoère 521 "Lieutenant De Vaisseau Paris": First across the Atlantic, Part 2].
1098:
Bousquet, Gérard (April 2004). "Le Latécoère 521 "Lieutenant De
Vaisseau Paris": le premier transatlantique (5)" [The Latécoère 521 "Lieutenant De Vaisseau Paris": First across the Atlantic, Part 5].
1080:
Bousquet, Gérard (March 2004). "Le Latécoère 521 "Lieutenant De
Vaisseau Paris": le premier transatlantique (4)" [The Latécoère 521 "Lieutenant De Vaisseau Paris": First across the Atlantic, Part 4].
269:
routes for which the design had originally been envisioned to serve. On the lower level, there was a salon occupied by 20 armchairs and tables, along with six deluxe double cabins, each with its own
376:, France. (The FAI Bulletin says it had six 485 kW (650 hp) engines at the time.) Having been equipped with more powerful engines, the Laté 521 conducted a further four return flights to
325:
On 10 January 1935, the first Laté 521 performed the type's first flight. Following a number of test flights, a highly-publicised demonstration flight was conducted in
December 1935, flying via
261:
coverings. The wing was braced on either side by four inclined v-struts; these bracing struts were faired with shaped duralumin sheeting, internally held by compact flat plates and U-sections.
221:
push-pull pairs and intended to be capable of generating up to 750 kW (1,000 hp), enabled the aircraft to attain a maximum design speed of 260 km/h (160 mph). It was named
1116:
Esperou, Robert (April 1994). "Les vols d'essais commerciaux français sur l'Atlantique Nord, de 1928 à 1939" [French commercial test flights over the North
Atlantic, 1928 to 1939].
119:. At the time of its completion, it held the distinction of being the largest aircraft to be built in France as well as one of the first large passenger aircraft capable of flying trans-
1186:
126:
First flown on 10 January 1935, the Laté 521 achieved several world records relating to payload and endurance. It was introduced to passenger service by national operator
257:
were divided into three sections, the central ailerons using lattice-form spars while the outer ailerons had spars composed of round tubing; externally, the ailerons had
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as the principal means of passenger travel. The development of such aircraft was a matter of national prestige and Latécoère quickly found support for their endeavour.
369:
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186:, were endeavouring to launch ever-larger aircraft that would exceed the scale and payload capabilities of preceding aircraft and ultimately displace the
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During June 1937, the Laté 521 flew non-stop to Natal before returning to France via the North
Atlantic. On 30 December 1937, the type established a new
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The Laté 520 featured a large double-decked hull that provided room for 80 passengers. It featured an all-metal structure, largely composed of
1988:
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1133:"The Latecoere 521 "Lieutenant De Vaisseau Paris" commercial flying boat (French) : a two-deck six-engine semicantilever sesquiplane."
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372:(FAI) record, carrying a payload of 18,040 kg (39,770 lb) at an altitude of 2,000 m (6,600 ft) while flying over
987:
1968:
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to
Biscarrosse at an average speed of 206 km/h (128 mph), including 2,300 km (1,400 mi) with one engine out.
1958:
1983:
116:
938:"An Ocean‐Going Commercial Boat: The Latécoère 521 Flying Boat Compared with Other Similar French and American Machines."
142:. None survived the conflict due to sabotage by the retreating German forces. The Laté 521 was the basis of the single
357:
and wrecked. The aircraft was salvaged and returned to France by ship, where it was rebuilt for regular service with
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330:
305:
engine; however, these engines would ultimately never become available. In their place, it was decided to use six
408:
431:
to liberate southern France, the aircraft was deliberately destroyed by the retreating German occupying forces.
404:
380:
between May and July 1939. During one of these, pilot Henri
Guillaumet flew 5,875 km (3,651 mi) from
139:
428:
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Originally, the Laté 521 was intended to be powered by an arrangement of four 890 kW (1,200 hp)
60:
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341:. This long distance flight was timed to deliberately coincide with the 300th year of French rule in the
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to provide additional stability upon the water, as well as housing large fuel tanks and featuring an
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engines, had a brief civilian career before being militarised similar to the 521. Operated by the
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498:, the 522 met a similar fate to the 521, being destroyed by retreating enemy troops in 1944.
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423:. The Laté 521 remained at Berre intact up until August 1944 when, following the launch of
937:
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330 m (3,600 sq ft) plus 53 m (570 sq ft) for the sponsons
249:
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V-12 liquid-cooled piston engine, 641 kW (860 hp) each (final engine fit)
523:
412:
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225:, after an accomplished French naval officer and record-breaking pilot of the era.
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The initial design of the 520 series, powered by 4 × 750 kW (1,000 hp)
166:, which was intended to perform long range flights, carrying both passengers and
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on route proving flights the 521 was militarised in 1939 and operated by the
17:
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for the six engines use an integral design involving declutchable tips and
345:. However, tragedy struck when, shortly after having successfully reached
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261 km/h (162 mph, 141 kn) at 2,000 m (6,600 ft)
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957:(in French). Paris: Docavia/Editions Lariviere. pp. 149–168.
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Projected variant of the 521 to have been powered by 8 × CLM
244:
The wing of the Laté 520 comprised a centre section and two
395:, all aircraft were attached to the flotilla E.6, based in
804:
National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution
801:"Latécoère 521 Lieutenant de Vaisseau Paris (France)."
490:
The second aircraft of the 520 series, powered by 6 ×
146:"Ville de Saint Pierre" civil airliner, and the three
158:
During the early 1930s, French aircraft manufacturer
138:, who typically operated the type as a long distance
1905:
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Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
94:
89:
81:
71:
59:
51:
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32:
391:, the Laté 521 was pressed into service with the
1180:
941:Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology
701:4,100 km (2,500 mi, 2,200 nmi)
461:The first completed aircraft, powered by 6 ×
273:, and seating for a further 22 passengers, a
8:
923:"Six Motors Drive Big Sea Plane Over Ocean."
1137:National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics
846:
844:
842:
504:Three armed maritime patrol aircraft named
1187:
1173:
1165:
1161:article on Air France with page on the 521
29:
832:
719:9 minutes to 2,000 m (6,600 ft)
686:210 km/h (130 mph, 110 kn)
55:Transport and maritime patrol flying boat
982:(in French). Paris: Éditions Larivière.
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695:100 km/h (62 mph, 54 kn)
536:opposed-piston 2-stroke diesel engines.
481:troops retreated from advancing Allies.
301:W-18 engines, derived from an existing
1140:, 1 March 1935. NACA-AC-202, 93R19807.
542:Similar to the 524 but powered by 8 x
370:Fédération Aéronautique Internationale
134:, the Laté 521 were taken over by the
201:, comprising a central double-decked
7:
955:Latécoère – Les Avions et Hydravions
943:, 1935. Vol. 7, Iss. 5, pp. 109–112.
762:List of flying boats and floatplanes
625:31.62 m (103 ft 9 in)
631:49.3 m (161 ft 9 in)
407:over the North Atlantic. After the
337:, before turning north towards the
637:9.07 m (29 ft 9 in)
209:, somewhat resembling the smaller
25:
851:"Seaplane's Hull Resembles Ship."
757:List of aircraft of World War II
557:
285:. Separate compartments for the
162:set about designing a new large
38:
1011:. Sandomierz, Poland: Stratus.
791:, April 1935, pp. 568–569.
655:40,000 kg (88,185 lb)
649:18,882 kg (41,628 lb)
477:, finally being destroyed when
353:, the aircraft was caught in a
217:engines, which were mounted as
1979:Six-engined push-pull aircraft
786:"Around the World in 10 Days."
713:3.7 m/s (730 ft/min)
496:Ministre des Colonies de Vichy
1:
707:6,300 m (20,700 ft)
452:W-18 engines in tandem pairs.
115:designed and manufactured by
85:5 (1 × 521, 1 × 522, 3 × 523)
1989:Aircraft first flown in 1935
1009:French Flying Boats of WW II
457:Lieutenant de Vaisseau Paris
415:, the aircraft was flown to
223:Lieutenant de vaisseau Paris
1964:1930s French civil aircraft
193:The design, designated the
170:. Around this era, France,
2005:
1120:(in French) (293): 40–50.
1103:(in French) (413): 70–76.
1085:(in French) (412): 52–63.
1067:(in French) (411): 66–74.
1049:(in French) (410): 38–47.
1031:(in French) (409): 20–28.
1007:Bousquet, Gérard (2013).
583:Specifications (Laté 521)
409:Armistice of 22 June 1940
108:was a French six-engined
37:
140:maritime patrol aircraft
117:Pierre-Georges Latécoère
27:1930s French flying boat
856:, February 1935. p. 48.
604:General characteristics
405:maritime patrol flights
403:, where they performed
387:On the outbreak of the
1959:1930s French airliners
591:
154:Design and development
1984:Parasol-wing aircraft
1118:Le Fana de l'Aviation
1101:Le Fana de l'Aviation
1083:Le Fana de l'Aviation
1065:Le Fana de l'Aviation
1047:Le Fana de l'Aviation
1029:Le Fana de l'Aviation
928:, April 1936. p. 518.
745:Saunders-Roe Princess
691:Minimum control speed
590:
486:Ville de Saint Pierre
663:Hispano-Suiza 12Ydrs
492:Hispano-Suiza 12Y-37
463:Hispano-Suiza 12Ydrs
307:Hispano-Suiza 12Ydrs
150:navalized variants.
978:Cuny, Jean (1992).
953:Cuny, Jean (1992).
892:NACA 1935, p. 2, 4.
883:NACA 1935, pp. 2–3.
865:NACA 1935, pp. 3–4.
653:Max takeoff weight:
450:Hispano-Suiza 18Sbr
411:between France and
321:Operational history
299:Hispano-Suiza 18Sbr
47:General information
1969:Latécoère aircraft
1151:Latécoère 521 film
735:Boeing 314 Clipper
592:
339:French West Indies
265:the shorter trans-
1946:
1945:
1157:Popular Mechanics
1018:978-83-63678-06-7
926:Popular Mechanics
806:, 31 August 1938.
789:Popular Mechanics
717:Time to altitude:
613:Five + cabin crew
544:Hispano-Suiza 12Y
425:Operation Dragoon
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1623:
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1613:
1610:
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1605:
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1600:
1598:
1595:
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1583:
1580:
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1379:
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1374:
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1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
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1327:
1324:
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1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
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1299:
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1284:
1282:
1279:
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1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
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1234:
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1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
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1202:
1197:
1190:
1185:
1183:
1178:
1176:
1171:
1170:
1167:
1160:
1158:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1148:
1144:
1139:
1138:
1134:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1024:
1020:
1014:
1010:
1005:
1004:
1000:
991:
989:2-907051-01-6
985:
981:
974:
971:
966:
960:
956:
949:
946:
942:
939:
934:
931:
927:
924:
919:
916:
910:
907:
901:
899:
895:
889:
886:
880:
877:
871:
868:
862:
859:
855:
852:
847:
845:
843:
839:
833:
831:
829:
827:
825:
823:
821:
819:
817:
815:
813:
809:
805:
802:
797:
794:
790:
787:
782:
779:
772:
767:
763:
760:
758:
755:
754:
753:
752:
751:Related lists
746:
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
732:
731:
730:
723:
718:
715:
712:
709:
706:
703:
700:
697:
694:
692:
688:
685:
684:Cruise speed:
682:
679:
676:
675:
674:
672:
664:
660:
657:
654:
651:
648:
647:Empty weight:
645:
642:
639:
636:
633:
630:
627:
624:
621:
618:
615:
612:
609:
608:
607:
605:
600:
599:
596:
589:
582:
578:
575:
573:
570:
569:
566:
555:
554:
550:
545:
541:
538:
535:
531:
528:
525:
521:
520:
515:
514:
509:
508:
503:
500:
497:
493:
489:
487:
483:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
458:
454:
451:
447:
444:
443:
442:
441:
434:
432:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
385:
383:
382:New York City
379:
375:
371:
366:
363:
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
320:
318:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
295:
292:
289:operator and
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
267:Mediterranean
262:
260:
256:
251:
247:
242:
239:
235:
231:
226:
224:
220:
216:
212:
211:Latécoère 300
208:
204:
200:
196:
191:
189:
185:
184:United States
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
153:
151:
149:
145:
141:
137:
133:
129:
124:
122:
118:
114:
111:
107:
106:Latécoère 521
97:
93:
88:
84:
80:
77:
74:
70:
67:
64:
62:
58:
54:
50:
45:
41:
36:
31:
19:
18:Latécoère 523
1974:Flying boats
1696:
1691:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1156:
1135:
1117:
1100:
1082:
1064:
1046:
1028:
1008:
1001:Bibliography
979:
973:
954:
948:
940:
933:
925:
918:
909:
888:
879:
870:
861:
853:
803:
796:
788:
781:
750:
749:
740:Dornier Do X
728:
727:
716:
710:
704:
698:
689:
683:
677:
670:
668:
658:
652:
646:
640:
634:
628:
622:
616:
610:
603:
601:
597:
594:
593:
524:Vichy French
518:
517:
512:
511:
506:
505:
495:
485:
456:
439:
438:
413:Nazi Germany
397:Port-Lyautey
386:
367:
359:flag carrier
324:
296:
283:baggage hold
263:
243:
227:
222:
215:water cooled
194:
192:
180:Soviet Union
157:
147:
143:
125:
105:
103:
95:First flight
82:Number built
72:Primary user
61:Manufacturer
671:Performance
659:Powerplant:
513:l'Aldébaran
393:French Navy
374:Biscarrosse
277:, a bar, a
199:sesquiplane
188:ocean liner
164:flying boat
136:French Navy
113:flying boat
110:double deck
1953:Categories
768:References
641:Wing area:
572:Air France
467:Air France
440:Data from:
362:Air France
303:air racing
207:stub wings
182:, and the
128:Air France
76:Air France
1196:Latécoère
1126:0757-4169
1109:0757-4169
1091:0757-4169
1073:0757-4169
1055:0757-4169
1037:0757-4169
980:Latécoère
773:Citations
629:Wingspan:
617:Capacity:
598:Latécoère
595:Data from
551:Operators
534:Lille 6As
475:Marignane
421:Marseille
355:hurricane
347:Pensacola
311:throttles
291:navigator
230:duralumin
1906:Missiles
1460:Projects
1204:Aircraft
1198:aircraft
724:See also
546:engines.
519:l'Altair
435:Variants
378:New York
343:Americas
315:stirrups
287:wireless
281:, and a
279:lavatory
271:bathroom
255:ailerons
195:Laté 520
168:air mail
148:Laté 523
144:Laté 522
123:routes.
121:Atlantic
33:Laté 521
635:Height:
623:Length:
526:forces.
507:l'Algol
427:by the
419:, near
401:Morocco
351:Florida
275:kitchen
238:airfoil
234:sponson
172:Germany
90:History
1124:
1107:
1089:
1071:
1053:
1035:
1015:
986:
961:
699:Range:
565:France
562:
429:Allies
335:Brazil
259:fabric
246:fabric
219:tandem
178:, the
174:, the
619:30–72
611:Crew:
417:Berre
331:Natal
327:Dakar
1321:35-0
1316:34-0
1122:ISSN
1105:ISSN
1087:ISSN
1069:ISSN
1051:ISSN
1033:ISSN
1013:ISBN
984:ISBN
959:ISBN
661:6 ×
516:and
484:522
479:Axis
455:521
250:spar
203:hull
104:The
52:Type
1938:257
1933:240
1928:231
1923:120
1918:110
1913:100
1897:900
1892:880
1887:870
1882:860
1877:850
1872:840
1867:830
1862:820
1857:810
1852:800
1847:790
1842:780
1837:740
1832:730
1827:700
1822:310
1817:780
1812:740
1807:730
1802:703
1797:675
1792:670
1787:640
1782:620
1777:617
1772:616
1767:615
1762:614
1757:613
1752:612
1747:610
1742:602
1737:601
1732:600
1727:590
1722:583
1717:581
1712:580
1707:560
1702:530
1697:525
1692:524
1687:520
1682:503
1677:502
1672:493
1667:492
1662:480
1657:470
1652:460
1647:443
1642:442
1637:441
1632:430
1627:420
1622:410
1617:386
1612:385
1607:384
1602:383
1597:382
1592:370
1587:360
1582:310
1577:270
1572:255
1567:220
1562:210
1557:200
1552:190
1547:180
1542:170
1537:160
1532:150
1527:140
1522:130
1517:120
1512:101
1451:710
1446:631
1441:611
1436:582
1431:570
1426:550
1421:523
1416:522
1411:521
1406:501
1401:500
1396:491
1391:490
1386:440
1381:381
1376:380
1371:350
1366:340
1361:330
1356:302
1351:301
1346:300
1341:299
1336:298
1331:290
1326:225
539:525
529:524
501:523
445:520
329:to
1955::
1507:30
1502:27
1497:20
1492:13
1487:12
1482:11
1477:10
1311:32
1306:28
1301:26
1296:25
1291:24
1286:23
1281:22
1276:21
1271:19
1266:18
1261:17
1256:16
1251:15
1246:14
897:^
841:^
811:^
510:,
399:,
349:,
333:,
1472:9
1467:7
1241:8
1236:6
1231:5
1226:4
1221:3
1216:2
1211:1
1188:e
1181:t
1174:v
1128:.
1111:.
1093:.
1075:.
1057:.
1039:.
1021:.
992:.
967:.
693::
20:)
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