739:
of health that abortion-rights organizations believe is impermissibly narrow. Note that just because a portion of a state's law is found to be unconstitutional does not mean that the entire law will be deemed unconstitutional: "nvalidating the statute entirely is not always necessary or justified, for lower courts may be able to render narrower declaratory and injunctive relief," meaning the court could declare that only those parts of the law that are violative of the
Constitution are invalid (declaratory relief), or that the court can prohibit the state from enforcing those portions of the law (injunctive relief).
293:
274:
671:, or poor socio-economic conditions. For instance, in Italy, abortion is allowed on request up until 90 days, after which it is allowed only if the pregnancy or childbirth pose a threat to the woman's life, a risk to physical health of the woman, a risk to mental health of the woman; if there is a risk of fetal malformation; or if the pregnancy is the result of rape or other sexual crime. Denmark provides a wider range of reasons, including social and economic ones, which can be invoked by a woman who seeks an abortion after 12 weeks.
3029:"Partial-birth" abortion bans – The federal Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act of 2003 (upheld by the Supreme Court in 2007) makes it a federal crime to perform procedures that fall within the definition of so-called "partial-birth abortion" contained in the statute, with no exception for procedures necessary to preserve the health of the woman...physicians and lawyers have interpreted the banned procedures as including intact dilation and evacuation unless fetal demise occurs before surgery.
1430:"If abortion is chosen, every effort should be made to encourage the patient to seek an early procedure. In the United States, while numerous state laws limiting access to abortion and a federal law banning a rarely used variation of dilation and evacuation have been enacted, abortion remains legal and available until fetal viability (definition varies by state), under Roe v. Wade." (note the part of the quote referring to Roe is no longer good law.)
4466:
760:) require a second physician's approval before a late-term abortion can be performed. The U.S. Supreme Court struck down a requirement of "confirmation by two other physicians" (rather than one other physician) because "acquiescence by co-practitioners has no rational connection with a patient's needs and unduly infringes on the physician's right to practice". Abortion-rights organizations, such as the
4492:
3140:
777:
Republicans alleged that medical providers "execute" live-born babies. Existing US laws would punish execution as homicide. Furthermore, US abortion experts refute the claim that a "born-alive" fetus is a common event and oppose enactment of laws that would mandate resuscitation against the wishes of the parents.
748:
that a statute may create "a presumption of viability" after a certain number of weeks, in which case the physician must be given an opportunity to rebut the presumption by performing tests. Because this provision is not explicitly written into these state laws, as it was in the
Missouri law examined
329:
In 2005, 2.28% of induced abortions were performed between 13 and 16 weeks, 1.24% of abortions between 17 and 20 weeks, and 0.20% over 21 weeks. Between
February 15, 2010, and December 1, 2011, a total number of ten abortions were performed between 22 and 24 weeks. These have been declared illegal by
304:
As of 2015, South
Australia is the only Australian state or territory to keep reliable abortion statistics. During 2012, 92% of abortions were performed before 14 weeks' gestation, 6% between 14 and 20 weeks, and 2% (n=96) at a later stage. Of the 96 abortions carried out beyond 20 weeks, 53 were due
255:
There is no sharp limit of development, age, or weight at which a fetus becomes viable. A 2015 study found that even with active treatment, no infants born at less than 22 weeks survived, but an infant born at 21 weeks and one day in April of 2021 did survive his premature birth. At 23 weeks survival
738:
The
Supreme Court has held that bans must include exceptions for threats to the woman's life, physical health, and mental health, but four states allow late-term abortions only when the woman's life is at risk; four allow them when the woman's life or physical health is at risk, but use a definition
654:
As of 2011 among those countries that allowed abortion without restriction as to reason, the gestational limits for such abortions on request were: 37 countries set a gestational limit of 12 weeks, 7 countries of 14 weeks, 4 did not set limits, 3 at viability, 3 at 10 weeks, one at 90 days, one at 8
2836:
The term "born alive" is defined as the complete expulsion or extraction from its mother of that member, at any stage of development, who after such expulsion or extraction breathes or has a beating heart, pulsation of the umbilical cord, or definite movement of the voluntary muscles, regardless of
776:
In 2019, a US Senate Bill entitled the "Born-Alive
Abortion Survivors Protection Act" raised the issue of live birth after abortion. The bill would mandate that medical providers resuscitate neonates delivered showing signs of life during an abortion process. During the debate around this issue, US
785:
is possible after 22 weeks. However, odds of long-term survival between 22 and 23 weeks are 2–3 percent and odds of survival between 23 and 24 weeks are 20 percent. "Intact survival", which means survival of a neonate without subsequent damage to organs such as the brain or bowel is 1% at 22 weeks
406:
The NHS records the reasons given for abortions at all stages of development. In 2015, 2,877 abortions were performed at 20 weeks or above, and only 230 of these at or beyond 24 weeks gestation. Of all abortions at 20 weeks or above, 23 (0.8%) were performed to save the life of the pregnant woman,
397:
A 2013 study found, after excluding abortion "on grounds of fetal anomaly or life endangerment", that women seeking late abortions "fit at least one of five profiles: They were raising children alone, were depressed or using illicit substances, were in conflict with a male partner or experiencing
2801:
In 2002, the 107th U.S. Congress passed the Born-Alive
Infants Protection Act of 2001. This law established personhood for all infants who are born "at any stage of development" who breathe, have a heartbeat, or "definite movement of voluntary muscles", regardless of whether the birth was due to
1054:
Abortions after 24 weeks comprise less than one percent of all abortions. When they occur, it is usually because the fetus has been found to have a fatal condition that could not be detected earlier, such as a severe malformation of the brain, or because the mother's life or health is at serious
767:
Thirteen states have laws that require a second physician to be present during late-term abortion procedures in order to treat a fetus if born alive. The Court has held that a doctor's right to practice is not infringed by requiring a second physician to be present at abortions performed after
178:
increases with the gestational age of the fetus, so patients who have decided to have an abortion are strongly encouraged to get it early. Still, later abortion is not associated with any greater net negative physical or mental health outcomes (including mortality) than full-term pregnancy and
674:
Abortions at such stages must in general be approved by a doctor or a special committee, unlike early abortions which are performed on demand. The ease with which the doctor or the committee allows a late term abortion varies significantly by country, and is often influenced by the social and
3068:
Policy
Statement: Medical induction abortion is a safe and effective method for termination of pregnancies beyond the first trimester when performed by trained clinicians in medical offices, freestanding clinics, ambulatory surgery centers, and hospitals. Feticidal agents may be particularly
915:
Late-term abortion is a phrase used by abortion opponents to refer to abortions performed after about 21 weeks of pregnancy. It is not the same as the medical definition obstetricians use for 'late-term,' which refers to pregnancies that extend past a woman's due date, meaning about 41 or 42
260:
survived, while 50 to 70 percent of babies born at 25 weeks, and more than 90 percent born at 26 to 27 weeks, survived. Because the chance of survival is variable based on interventions available and the weight and sex of the fetus, there is no consensus on viability. The
American College of
780:
1.3% of abortions occur after 21 weeks of pregnancy in the US. Although it is very uncommon, women undergoing surgical abortion after this gestational age sometimes give birth to a fetus that may survive briefly. The periviable period is considered to be between 20 and 25 weeks gestation.
666:
In these countries, abortions after the general gestational age limit are allowed only under restricted circumstances, which include, depending on country, risk to the woman's life, physical or mental health, fetal malformation, cases where the pregnancy was the result of
1170:"Overall, legal abortion in the United States has a mortality rate of less than 1:100,000. Rates of morbidity and mortality rise with length of gestation… If abortion is chosen, every effort should be made to encourage the patient to seek an early procedure."
370:, it was found that 6.2% of abortions were conducted between 13 and 15 weeks, 4.2% between 16 and 20 weeks, and 1.4% at or after 21 weeks. In 2014, the CDC reported that 1.3% of reported abortions (5,578) were performed at 21 weeks of gestation or later.
398:
domestic violence, had trouble deciding and then had access problems, or were young and nulliparous". The study concluded that "bans on abortion after 20 weeks will disproportionately affect young women and women with limited financial resources".
1086:
3016:
1562:
The
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (September 2002). "ACOG Practice Bulletin: Clinical Management Guidelines for Obstetrcian-Gynecologists: Number 38, September 2002. Perinatal care at the threshold of viability".
198:) if specific circumstances are present, generally when the pregnancy represents a serious danger to the life, or to the physical or mental health of the woman, or when a serious malformation or anomaly of the
764:, posit that some of these state laws are unconstitutional, based on these and other Supreme Court rulings, at least to the extent that these state laws require approval of a second or third physician.
1788:
1090:
1747:
360:
In 2016, 10% of abortions performed after the legal term were carried out after week 21 (a total of 36 cases). Of these cases 86% were carried out due to physical problems with the child or mother.
2310:
222:(time since conception) of about 18 weeks. The exact point when an abortion is considered late-term, however, is not clearly defined. In three articles published in 1998 in the same issue of the
2988:
2583:
Transient survival with misoprostol for labor induction abortion at greater than 18 weeks ranges from 0% to 50% and has been observed in up to 13% of abortions performed with high-dose oxytocin.
256:
without severe impairment is less than 2%, and at 25 weeks, up to 30% might survive without severe impairment. According to studies between 2003 and 2005, 20 to 35 percent of babies born at 24
182:
Late termination of pregnancy is more controversial than abortion in general. All countries in Europe only permit abortion later in pregnancy (after 10-14 weeks in most countries, 18 weeks in
2112:
5030:
418:
On the other hand, as of 1998, 49 of the 152 most populous countries allowed abortion without restriction as to reason, but 44 of these required specific justification after a particular
1836:
1180:
Charles, Vignetta E.; Polis, Chelsea B.; Sridhara, Srinivas K.; Blum, Robert W. (December 2008). "Abortion and long-term mental health outcomes: a systematic review of the evidence".
330:
The Norwegian Directorate of Health. Women who seek an abortion after the 12-week time limit must apply to a special medical assessment board – called an "abortion board" (Norwegian:
2837:
whether the umbilical cord has been cut, and regardless of whether the expulsion or extraction occurs as a result of natural or induced labor, cesarean section, or induced abortion.
1856:
2691:
Younge, Noelle; Goldstein, Ricki F.; Bann, Carla M.; Hintz, Susan R.; Patel, Ravi M.; Smith, P. Brian; Bell, Edward F.; Rysavy, Matthew A.; Duncan, Andrea F. (February 16, 2017).
2595:
Fletcher; Isada; Johnson; Evans (August 1992). "Fetal intracardiac potassium chloride injection to avoid the hopeless resuscitation of an abnormal abortus: II. Ethical issues".
2661:
4524:
2904:
With medical abortion after 20 weeks of gestation, induced fetal demise may be preferable to the woman or provider in order to avoid transient fetal survival after expulsion.
229:
789:
If medical staff observe signs of life, they may be required to provide care: emergency medical care if the child has a good chance of survival and palliative care if not.
2523:
2613:
following later abortions at greater than 20 weeks, the rare but catastrophic occurrence of live births can lead to fractious controversy over neonatal management.
1480:
Rysavy, Matthew A.; Li, Lei; Bell, Edward F.; Das, Abhik; Hintz, Susan R.; Stoll, Barbara J.; Vohr, Betty R.; Carlo, Waldemar A.; Shankaran, Seetha (May 7, 2015).
4115:
228:(JAMA), two chose the 20th week of gestation and one chose the 28th week of gestation as the point where an abortion procedure would be considered late-term. The
2759:
2539:
Recommendation 6.21 Feticide should be performed before medical abortion after 21 weeks and 6 days of gestation to ensure that there is no risk of a live birth.
742:
Eighteen states prohibit abortion after a certain number of weeks' gestation (usually 22 weeks from the last menstrual period). The U.S. Supreme Court held in
1785:
3215:
2888:
2625:
2251:
261:
Obstetricians and Gynecologists reports that 23% of abortion providers offer abortions at 20 weeks of gestation and later, most often using a method called
5093:
5078:
224:
4931:
2144:
1440:
753:, abortion-rights organizations believe that such a state law is unconstitutional, but only "to the extent that it prohibits pre-viability abortions".
4857:
2959:
768:
viability in order to assist in the case of a living fetus. It is not common for live infants to be born after an abortion at any stage in pregnancy.
5020:
3499:
2119:
2023:
1917:
Jatlaoui, Tara C.; Shah, Jill; Mandel, Michele G.; Krashin, Jamie W.; Suchdev, Danielle B.; Jamieson, Denise J.; Pazol, Karen (November 24, 2017).
415:
As of 1998, among the 152 most populous countries, 54 either banned abortion entirely or permitted it only to save the life of the pregnant woman.
5043:
4517:
744:
2975:
Inducing fetal demise before induction termination avoids signs of live birth that may have beneficial emotional, ethical and legal consequences.
1215:
797:. Induced fetal demise does not improve the safety of an abortion procedure and may incur risks to the health of the woman having the abortion.
5055:
4278:
980:
Jatlaoui, Tara C.; Boutot, Maegan E.; Mandel, Michele G.; Whiteman, Maura K.; Ti, Angeline; Petersen, Emily; Pazol, Karen (November 23, 2018).
3274:
2070:
1427:
1225:
1167:
1071:
1833:
5050:
4263:
3770:
3334:
232:
defines a late term pregnancy as 41 weeks 0 days through 41 weeks 6 days, which differs from how the term is used in the abortion context.
1853:
4893:
4283:
3883:
3409:
3329:
3052:
1771:
5060:
4510:
4054:
3823:
3414:
3359:
3269:
3172:
2084:
4787:
4094:
2650:
727:
ruled that Congress may ban certain late-term abortion techniques, "both previability and postviability", as it had done in banning
3081:
Milliez Jacques (2008). "FIGO Committee Report: Ethical aspects concerning termination of pregnancy following prenatal diagnosis".
793:
before termination of pregnancy after 20–21 weeks gestation is recommended by some sources to avoid this and to comply with the US
1455:
5035:
4724:
4709:
4130:
931:
Habiba, M; Da Frè, M; Taylor, DJ; Arnaud, C; Bleker, O; Lingman, G; Gomez, MM; Gratia, P; Heyl, W; Viafora, C (September 2009).
407:
1,801 (63%) were performed for mental or physical health reasons, and 1046 (36%) were performed because of fetal abnormalities.
4150:
4089:
3419:
2823:
4977:
4759:
4533:
4344:
4013:
2091:
822:
794:
732:
728:
691:
153:
61:
2775:
Under English law, fetuses have no independent legal status. Once born, babies have the same rights to life as other people.
3675:
3264:
660:
385:
2796:
2512:
1877:
4957:
4842:
4832:
4429:
4313:
4140:
3374:
3205:
2276:
1759:
419:
367:
281:
257:
211:
149:
5170:
5025:
4967:
3943:
3938:
3740:
3735:
3299:
2748:
2332:
2297:
697:
292:
273:
706:, allow states to impose more restrictions on post-viability abortions than during the earlier stages of pregnancy.
159:
Reasons for late terminations of pregnancy include circumstances where a pregnant woman's health is at risk or when
4926:
4574:
4482:
4258:
3838:
3259:
3130:
2849:
1162:
2023 Current Medical Diagnosis and Treatment; 62nd Edition; Edited by Maxine Papadakis et al., 2023, McGraw Hill,
1066:
2023 Current Medical Diagnosis and Treatment; 62nd Edition; Edited by Maxine Papadakis et al., 2023, McGraw Hill,
4607:
4564:
4424:
3903:
3238:
1422:
2023 Current Medical Diagnosis and Treatment; 62nd Edition Edited by Maxine Papadakis et al., 2023, McGraw Hill,
296:
Abortion in the United States by gestational age, 2016. (Data source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
2789:"Preterm Birth: Causes, Consequences, and Prevention. C: A Review of Ethical Issues Involved in Premature Birth"
1820:
5165:
5010:
4699:
4554:
4451:
3750:
3579:
3574:
3479:
3284:
311:
During the year 2019, approximately 87% of abortions occurred by 12 weeks, with 1.17% occurring after 21 weeks.
85:
40:
Postviability abortion, third trimester abortion, induced termination of pregnancy (ITOP), late-term abortion
5175:
5088:
5015:
4941:
4732:
4625:
4334:
4135:
4059:
4029:
4003:
3710:
3705:
3620:
3294:
3195:
809:
262:
152:
thresholds. As of 2015 in the United States, more than 90% of abortions occur before the 13th week, 1.3% of
2920:
323:: In 2003, 2.03% of induced abortions were done between weeks 16 and 19, and 0.56% were done over 20 weeks.
4737:
4719:
4674:
4559:
4339:
4044:
3973:
3933:
3913:
3893:
3700:
3670:
3640:
3630:
3549:
3519:
3494:
3399:
3279:
3243:
3165:
1030:
904:
826:
354:
In 2005, 5.6% of abortions were carried out between 12 and 17 weeks, and 0.8% at or greater than 18 weeks.
4916:
4903:
4579:
4436:
4419:
4411:
4396:
4354:
4293:
4236:
4181:
4110:
4079:
4064:
3908:
3755:
3394:
3319:
2552:
2391:
2362:
1899:
Strauss, L.T., Gamble, S.B., Parker, W.Y, Cook, D.A., Zane, S.B., & Hamdan, S. (November 24, 2006).
656:
933:"Late termination of pregnancy: a comparison of obstetricians' experience in eight European countries"
348:
In 2005, 6.1% of abortions were done between 14 and 17 weeks, while 1.6% were performed over 18 weeks.
5137:
4982:
4817:
4549:
4446:
4359:
4349:
4226:
4216:
4201:
4125:
4069:
3988:
3983:
3958:
3828:
3725:
3655:
3604:
3584:
3514:
3489:
3474:
3384:
2422:
1600:"The changing risk of infant mortality by gestation, plurality, and race: 1989–1991 versus 1999–2001"
834:
761:
757:
390:
Reasons for late terminations of pregnancy include when a pregnant woman's health is at risk or when
3115:
Termination of pregnancy following prenatal diagnosis after 22 weeks must be preceded by a feticide.
1151:
Abortion carries far less risk of physical and psychological morbidity and mortality than childbirth
4837:
4777:
4694:
4541:
4308:
4268:
4231:
4206:
4186:
4165:
4008:
3963:
3923:
3878:
3873:
3863:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3833:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3775:
3720:
3635:
3625:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3544:
3539:
3484:
3459:
3404:
3389:
3354:
3200:
2793:
Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Understanding Premature Birth and Assuring Healthy Outcomes
2158:
723:
219:
164:
5083:
4972:
4878:
4679:
4602:
4441:
4303:
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4191:
4160:
4084:
4074:
4039:
4034:
3998:
3978:
3968:
3953:
3948:
3928:
3898:
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3858:
3790:
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3760:
3690:
3665:
3650:
3645:
3599:
3594:
3554:
3529:
3464:
3451:
3379:
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3324:
3106:
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1852:
Nilsson, E., Ollars, B., & Bennis, M.. The National Board of Health and Welfare. (May 2006).
1729:
1142:
962:
909:
447:
1248:
4852:
4772:
4469:
4329:
4196:
4155:
4145:
3993:
3918:
3888:
3780:
3745:
3730:
3695:
3680:
3660:
3534:
3524:
3509:
3469:
3434:
3158:
3098:
3008:
2943:
2872:
2730:
2712:
2604:
2574:
2494:
2476:
2430:
2232:
2138:
1997:
1956:
1938:
1721:
1713:
1678:
1629:
1580:
1519:
1501:
1423:
1405:
1397:
1357:
1322:
1287:
1221:
1197:
1163:
1134:
1067:
1038:
1011:
954:
885:
475:
285:
73:
45:
5114:
5109:
5005:
4989:
4569:
4364:
4298:
4221:
4120:
4049:
3715:
3685:
3589:
3504:
3369:
3090:
3041:
3000:
2935:
2864:
2720:
2704:
2564:
2484:
2468:
2224:
2194:
1987:
1946:
1930:
1705:
1668:
1660:
1619:
1611:
1572:
1509:
1493:
1387:
1349:
1314:
1279:
1189:
1126:
1001:
993:
944:
875:
867:
710:
1270:
Sprang, M. L.; Neerhof, M. G. (1998). "Rationale for banning abortions late in pregnancy".
235:
In the United States, the point at which an abortion becomes late-term is often related to
4936:
4873:
4807:
4749:
4617:
4496:
4401:
3429:
3314:
3210:
3144:
2212:
1860:
1840:
1792:
816:
782:
607:
236:
191:
4767:
3349:
1900:
210:
A late termination of pregnancy often refers to an induced ending of pregnancy after the
2939:
2569:
2513:"The Care of Women Requesting Induced Abortion. Evidence-Based Clinical Guideline no. 7"
1975:
1193:
3424:
3004:
2868:
2725:
2692:
2489:
2456:
1951:
1918:
1880:[Legal situation regarding termination of pregnancy in Switzerland] (in German)
1807:
1709:
1673:
1648:
1624:
1599:
1540:
1514:
1481:
1392:
1375:
1006:
981:
880:
855:
463:
171:
2053:
1576:
1087:"Facts are Important: Abortion Care Later in Pregnancy is Important to Women's Health"
856:"Challenges and Priorities for Surveillance of Stillbirths: A Report on Two Workshops"
709:
As of December 2014, forty-three states had bans on late-term abortions that were not
317:: In 2015, 8% of abortions occurred after 12 weeks; 0.1% occurred at or over 24 weeks.
78:
5159:
5132:
4847:
4666:
4634:
4629:
4597:
4369:
3344:
3289:
2884:
2327:
1733:
1146:
1117:
Stotland, NL (July 2019). "Update on Reproductive Rights and Women's Mental Health".
966:
949:
932:
625:
195:
3110:
2955:
2815:
247:). Thus, late-term abortions are sometimes referred to as post-viability abortions.
5144:
5127:
4379:
4374:
4288:
4273:
4250:
3309:
3222:
1482:"Between-Hospital Variation in Treatment and Outcomes in Extremely Preterm Infants"
547:
527:
515:
391:
160:
17:
105:
4502:
2423:"'Executing Babies': Here Are the Facts Behind Trump's Misleading Abortion Tweet"
2348:
91:
4962:
4921:
4888:
4656:
4649:
4384:
1340:
Gans Epner, J. E.; Jonas, H. S.; Seckinger, D. L. (1998). "Late-term abortion".
805:
There are at least four medical procedures associated with late-term abortions:
702:
647:
Dutch Criminal Code defines the "viability" of a fetus to 24 weeks, but doctors
640:
618:
99:
3094:
2788:
2749:"Critical care decisions in fetal and neonatal medicine: a guide to the report"
1130:
871:
5122:
4822:
4812:
4744:
2281:
2056:, International Family Planning Perspectives (Volume 24, Number 2, June 1998).
551:
535:
487:
483:
435:
174:
for legal abortions overall is less than 1:100,000. The rate of mortality and
137:
54:
50:
2716:
2480:
2434:
1942:
1770:
Government Statistical Service for the Department of Health. (May 17, 2016).
1717:
1505:
1401:
1042:
786:
and 13% at 23 weeks. Survival odds increase with increasing gestational age.
4911:
4799:
4639:
2315:
Who Decides? The Status of Women's Reproductive Rights in the United States.
614:
565:
495:
277:
215:
175:
141:
133:
66:
3102:
3012:
2947:
2876:
2734:
2578:
2498:
2472:
2236:
2001:
1960:
1934:
1725:
1682:
1633:
1615:
1584:
1523:
1409:
1353:
1318:
1283:
1201:
1138:
1015:
997:
958:
889:
2708:
2608:
2228:
1497:
1361:
1326:
1291:
4883:
4827:
4684:
4644:
4389:
3364:
3304:
3181:
1664:
790:
718:
573:
523:
519:
503:
451:
148:
is not precisely defined, and different medical publications use varying
1649:"Intensive care for extreme prematurity – moving beyond gestational age"
115:
2553:"Clinical Guidelines, Labor induction abortion in the second trimester"
679:
589:
585:
581:
569:
539:
531:
499:
471:
467:
455:
443:
439:
431:
427:
366:
In 2003, from data collected in those areas that sufficiently reported
187:
156:
took place after the 21st week, and less than 1% occur after 24 weeks.
4689:
632:
600:
577:
543:
511:
507:
491:
479:
244:
183:
1992:
1834:
Percentage of abortions performed in Scotland by estimated gestation
2693:"Survival and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes among Periviable Infants"
1808:
Induced abortions, by period of gestation and the woman's age. 2005
756:
Ten states (although Florida's enforcement of such laws are under
663:, is regulated at state/territory level, and laws vary by region.
636:
631:
no limit unless the child is born during said attempted abortion (
593:
558:
291:
272:
240:
199:
1647:
Tyson JE, Parikh NA, Langer J, Green C, Higgins RD (April 2008).
342:) – that will determine whether or not to grant them an abortion.
2987:
Committee on Health Care for Underserved Women (November 2014).
2921:"Clinical Guidelines: Induction of fetal demise before abortion"
1878:"Rechtslage zu Abtreibungen und Spätabtreibungen in der Schweiz"
1305:
Grimes, D. A. (1998). "The continuing need for late abortions".
668:
459:
4506:
3154:
1217:
Safe abortion: technical and policy guidance for health systems
2816:"H.R. 2175 (107th): Born-Alive Infants Protection Act of 2002"
937:
BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
721:
by court order. In addition, the Supreme Court in the case of
1376:"ACOG Committee Opinion No 579: Definition of term pregnancy"
651:
limit on-request abortions to 22 weeks as a margin of error.
3150:
2024:
Report on abortion statistics in England and Wales for 2015
1220:(2 ed.). World Health Organization. 2012. p. 21.
682:
have no legal limit on when an abortion can be performed.
655:
weeks, one at 18 weeks, and one at 24 weeks. In addition,
678:
Some countries, like Canada, China (mainland only) and
2989:"Committee Opinion 613: Increasing Access to Abortion"
2054:
A Global Review of Laws on Induced Abortion, 1985–1997
1456:"UAB Hospital delivers record-breaking premature baby"
4480:
3128:
2052:
Anika Rahman, Laura Katzive and Stanley K. Henshaw.
1819:
The Norwegian Directorate of Health. (May 7, 2012).
1442:
The Developing Human: Clinically Oriented Embryology
5102:
5071:
4998:
4950:
4902:
4866:
4798:
4758:
4708:
4665:
4616:
4590:
4540:
4410:
4322:
4249:
4174:
4103:
4022:
3789:
3613:
3450:
3443:
3252:
3231:
3188:
230:
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
98:
84:
72:
60:
44:
36:
31:
3083:International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics
2658:Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
2520:Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
1974:Foster, Diana; Kimport, Katrina (December 2013).
2651:"Termination of Pregnancy for Fetal Abnormality"
2071:"What is the time limit for having an abortion?"
1031:"What Is Late-Term Abortion? Trump Got It Wrong"
905:"What Is Late-Term Abortion? Trump Got It Wrong"
2252:"Did I violate the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban?"
2069:Zaken, Ministerie van Algemene (May 11, 2015).
1905:Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 55 (11),
337:
331:
2914:
2912:
2850:"Practice Bulletin: Second-Trimester Abortion"
1980:Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health
4518:
3166:
2919:Diedrich, Justin; Drey, Eleanor (June 2010).
2457:"Abortion Surveillance – United States, 2015"
1919:"Abortion Surveillance — United States, 2014"
982:"Abortion Surveillance – United States, 2015"
8:
2551:Society of Family Planning (February 2011).
1783:Statistics New Zealand. (January 31, 2005).
1772:Abortion statistics, England and Wales: 2015
825:(IDX or D&X), sometimes referred to as "
5094:Timeline of reproductive rights legislation
5079:Birth control movement in the United States
1976:"Who Seeks Abortions at or After 20 Weeks?"
1901:Abortion Surveillance – United States, 2003
1746:Pregnancy Outcome Unit, SA Health. (2014).
1342:Journal of the American Medical Association
1307:Journal of the American Medical Association
1272:Journal of the American Medical Association
225:Journal of the American Medical Association
4932:Reproductive endocrinology and infertility
4525:
4511:
4503:
3447:
3173:
3159:
3151:
1871:
1869:
1112:
1110:
1108:
1081:
1079:
675:religious views prevalent in that region.
3069:important when issues of viability arise.
2724:
2568:
2488:
2048:
2046:
2044:
1991:
1950:
1672:
1623:
1513:
1391:
1005:
948:
926:
924:
879:
2799:from the original on December 31, 2015.
2787:Gerri R. Baer; Robert M. Nelson (2007).
2189:
2187:
2185:
2183:
2181:
2179:
305:to actual or probable fetal abnormality.
4487:
3135:
2294:Webster v. Reproductive Health Services
2213:"The Supreme Court and Abortion Rights"
2193:Guttmacher Institute. (April 1, 2007).
1876:von Siebenthal, Erich (June 15, 2017).
846:
819:(sometimes called "induction abortion")
745:Webster v. Reproductive Health Services
2965:from the original on November 23, 2015
2894:from the original on November 14, 2015
2826:from the original on November 14, 2015
2686:
2684:
2682:
2667:from the original on December 22, 2015
2529:from the original on November 14, 2015
2416:
2414:
2412:
2385:
2383:
2195:State Policies on Later-Term Abortions
2143:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
2136:
1758:Abortion Statistics in Canada. (2019)
1535:
1533:
733:Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act of 2003
28:
3019:from the original on October 28, 2015
2064:
2062:
2022:Department of Health (May 17, 2016).
1806:Statistics Norway. (April 26, 2006).
7:
3335:Libertarian perspectives on abortion
3058:from the original on August 12, 2015
2392:"The Facts on the Born-Alive Debate"
2363:"The Facts on the Born-Alive Debate"
2345:Planned Parenthood Ass'n v. Ashcroft
2250:Hern, Warren M. (October 22, 2003).
1119:The Medical Clinics of North America
635:, some states in the United States,
3410:Societal attitudes towards abortion
3330:Legalized abortion and crime effect
2940:10.1016/j.contraception.2010.01.018
2570:10.1016/j.contraception.2011.02.005
2421:Grady, Denise (February 26, 2019).
2309:NARAL Pro-Choice America. (2007). "
1653:The New England Journal of Medicine
1251:. Library of Congress. January 2015
1194:10.1016/j.contraception.2008.07.005
111:
3360:Misinformation related to abortion
3270:Beginning of pregnancy controversy
3005:10.1097/01.aog.0000456326.88857.31
2869:10.1097/01.AOG.0000431056.79334.cc
2765:from the original on March 4, 2016
1710:10.1097/01.aog.0000431056.79334.cc
1598:Luke B, Brown MB (December 2006).
1393:10.1097/01.AOG.0000437385.88715.4a
128:, also referred to politically as
25:
4788:self-report sexual risk behaviors
3275:Abortion-breast cancer hypothesis
3042:"2015 Clinical Policy Guidelines"
2390:Robertson, Lori (March 4, 2019).
2361:Robertson, Lori (March 4, 2019).
2211:Annas, George J. (May 24, 2007).
1029:Belluck, Pam (February 6, 2019).
903:Belluck, Pam (February 6, 2019).
700:decisions on abortion, including
179:childbirth in the United States.
4858:Precocious puberty and pregnancy
4490:
4465:
4464:
3138:
2814:Chabot, Steve (August 5, 2002).
2085:"The World's Abortion Laws 2011"
1249:"Abortion Legislation in Europe"
950:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2009.02228.x
4978:Sexually transmitted infections
3420:Termination for medical reasons
2697:New England Journal of Medicine
2217:New England Journal of Medicine
2029:(Report). p. 31 (Table 7b)
1486:New England Journal of Medicine
1386:(5): 1139–1140. November 2013.
854:Duke, C. Wes (September 2009).
132:, describes the termination of
4534:Sexual and reproductive health
2092:Center for Reproductive Rights
1832:ISD Scotland. (May 24, 2006).
1761:. Retrieved January 7th, 2022.
1543:. March of Dimes. October 2017
823:Intact dilation and extraction
729:intact dilation and extraction
692:Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act
624:viability (to some extent the
154:abortions in the United States
1:
3265:Beginning of human personhood
2756:Nuffield Council on Bioethics
1907:1–32. Retrieved May 10, 2007.
1823:Retrieved September 05, 2019.
1810:. Retrieved January 17, 2006.
1774:. Retrieved October 20, 2016.
1696:"Practice Bulletin No. 135".
1577:10.1016/S0029-7844(02)02260-3
1439:Moore, Keith and Persaud, T.
661:Abortion in the United States
126:Late termination of pregnancy
32:Late termination of pregnancy
4958:Disorders of sex development
3375:Paternal rights and abortion
3049:National Abortion Federation
2660:. May 2010. pp. 29–31.
2461:MMWR. Surveillance Summaries
2277:Ayotte v. Planned Parenthood
1923:MMWR. Surveillance Summaries
1749:. Retrieved July 10th, 2015.
986:MMWR. Surveillance Summaries
659:, and, to a certain extent,
4968:Reproductive system disease
3300:Ethical aspects of abortion
2993:Obstetrics & Gynecology
2863:(6): 1394–1406. June 2013.
2857:Obstetrics & Gynecology
1704:(6): 1394–1406. June 2013.
1698:Obstetrics & Gynecology
698:United States Supreme Court
5192:
4927:Obstetrics and gynaecology
3260:Abortion and mental health
3095:10.1016/j.ijgo.2008.03.002
2802:labor or induced abortion.
2455:Jatlaoui, Tara C. (2018).
1131:10.1016/j.mcna.2019.02.006
872:10.1177/003335490912400507
795:Partial Birth Abortion Ban
689:
392:lethal fetal abnormalities
383:
170:In the United States, the
4843:Pregnant patients' rights
4608:Pre-conception counseling
4565:Abortion-rights movements
4460:
3239:Abortion-rights movements
2626:"Periviable Birth – ACOG"
2597:Obstetrics and Gynecology
2317:Retrieved April 19, 2007.
2201:Retrieved April 19, 2007.
1863:. Retrieved May 10, 2007.
1843:. Retrieved May 10, 2007.
1797:Retrieved April 19, 2007.
1565:Obstetrics and Gynecology
1445:, p. 103 (Saunders 2003).
1380:Obstetrics and Gynecology
112:
4729:Gamete Cryopreservation
4575:Circumcision controversy
4555:Compulsory sterilization
3500:Central African Republic
3285:Abortion under communism
2199:State Policies in Brief.
1821:Senaborter etter 22. uke
130:third trimester abortion
5089:Social hygiene movement
4942:Transgender health care
4335:Dilation and evacuation
4284:Conscientious objection
4269:History of abortion law
3295:Crisis pregnancy center
3244:Anti-abortion movements
1786:Demographic Trends 2004
810:Dilation and evacuation
713:unconstitutional under
263:dilation and evacuation
243:to survive outside the
167:, have been detected.
140:during a late stage of
4917:Genitourinary medicine
4720:In vitro fertilization
4675:Hormonal contraception
4560:Contraceptive security
4340:Dilation and curettage
4304:Late-term restrictions
3824:Bosnia and Herzegovina
3400:Sex-selective abortion
3280:Anti-abortion violence
2473:10.15585/mmwr.ss6713a1
1935:10.15585/mmwr.ss6624a1
1616:10.1542/peds.2006-1824
1354:10.1001/jama.280.8.724
1319:10.1001/jama.280.8.747
1284:10.1001/jama.280.8.744
1089:. ACOG. Archived from
998:10.15585/mmwr.ss6713a1
828:partial-birth abortion
338:
332:
297:
289:
4580:Intersex human rights
4397:Self-induced abortion
3395:Self-induced abortion
3320:Genetics and abortion
3216:Philosophical aspects
2709:10.1056/NEJMoa1605566
2229:10.1056/NEJMhle072595
1498:10.1056/NEJMoa1410689
657:Abortion in Australia
386:Reasons for abortions
295:
276:
5138:tax on childlessness
4894:Genital modification
4818:Unintended pregnancy
4550:Reproductive Justice
4360:Menstrual extraction
4309:Parental involvement
3771:United Arab Emirates
3385:Prenatal development
1665:10.1056/NEJMoa073059
835:Hysterotomy abortion
791:Induced fetal demise
762:Guttmacher Institute
758:permanent injunction
394:have been detected.
4838:Pregnancy from rape
4695:Intrauterine device
4370:Abortifacient drugs
4090:Trinidad and Tobago
3405:Sidewalk counseling
3390:Reproductive rights
3355:Minors and abortion
724:Gonzales v. Carhart
165:fetal abnormalities
144:. In this context,
18:Late-term abortions
5171:Human reproduction
5084:History of condoms
4973:Sexual dysfunction
4879:Sexual orientation
4833:Options counseling
4680:Male contraception
4603:Genetic counseling
4264:Constitutional law
4055:Dominican Republic
3380:Post-abortion care
3340:Limit of viability
3325:Late-term abortion
2427:The New York Times
2223:(356): 2201–2207.
1859:2007-07-04 at the
1839:2007-09-28 at the
1791:2007-09-27 at the
1035:The New York Times
910:The New York Times
783:Long-term survival
448:Bosnia-Herzegovina
411:Legal restrictions
298:
290:
258:weeks of gestation
190:, and 24 weeks in
5153:
5152:
4853:Teenage pregnancy
4570:Genital integrity
4478:
4477:
4330:Vacuum aspiration
4245:
4244:
2522:. November 2011.
2351:, 486–490 (1983).
2125:on March 13, 2013
1659:(16): 1672–1681.
1492:(19): 1801–1811.
1428:978-1-264-68774-9
1227:978-92-4-154843-4
1168:978-1-264-68774-9
1072:978-1-264-68774-9
943:(10): 1340–1349.
860:Public Health Rep
402:England and Wales
315:England and Wales
286:England and Wales
163:, such as lethal
123:
122:
16:(Redirected from
5183:
5115:Two-child policy
5110:One-child policy
4990:Gender dysphoria
4527:
4520:
4513:
4504:
4495:
4494:
4493:
4486:
4468:
4467:
4365:Medical abortion
4299:Informed consent
4289:Fetal protection
4141:Papua New Guinea
4131:Marshall Islands
3448:
3370:One-child policy
3175:
3168:
3161:
3152:
3143:
3142:
3141:
3134:
3118:
3117:
3078:
3072:
3071:
3065:
3063:
3057:
3046:
3038:
3032:
3031:
3026:
3024:
2999:(5): 1060–1065.
2984:
2978:
2977:
2972:
2970:
2964:
2925:
2916:
2907:
2906:
2901:
2899:
2893:
2854:
2846:
2840:
2839:
2833:
2831:
2811:
2805:
2804:
2784:
2778:
2777:
2772:
2770:
2764:
2753:
2745:
2739:
2738:
2728:
2688:
2677:
2676:
2674:
2672:
2666:
2655:
2647:
2641:
2640:
2638:
2636:
2622:
2616:
2615:
2592:
2586:
2585:
2572:
2548:
2542:
2541:
2536:
2534:
2528:
2517:
2509:
2503:
2502:
2492:
2452:
2446:
2445:
2443:
2441:
2418:
2407:
2406:
2404:
2402:
2387:
2378:
2377:
2375:
2373:
2358:
2352:
2342:
2336:
2324:
2318:
2307:
2301:
2291:
2285:
2273:
2267:
2266:
2264:
2262:
2247:
2241:
2240:
2208:
2202:
2191:
2174:
2173:
2171:
2169:
2155:
2149:
2148:
2142:
2134:
2132:
2130:
2124:
2118:. Archived from
2117:
2109:
2103:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2089:
2081:
2075:
2074:
2066:
2057:
2050:
2039:
2038:
2036:
2034:
2028:
2019:
2013:
2012:
2010:
2008:
1995:
1971:
1965:
1964:
1954:
1914:
1908:
1897:
1891:
1889:
1887:
1885:
1873:
1864:
1850:
1844:
1830:
1824:
1817:
1811:
1804:
1798:
1781:
1775:
1768:
1762:
1756:
1750:
1744:
1738:
1737:
1693:
1687:
1686:
1676:
1644:
1638:
1637:
1627:
1610:(6): 2488–2497.
1595:
1589:
1588:
1559:
1553:
1552:
1550:
1548:
1541:"Neonatal Death"
1537:
1528:
1527:
1517:
1477:
1471:
1470:
1468:
1466:
1452:
1446:
1437:
1431:
1420:
1414:
1413:
1395:
1372:
1366:
1365:
1337:
1331:
1330:
1302:
1296:
1295:
1267:
1261:
1260:
1258:
1256:
1245:
1239:
1238:
1236:
1234:
1212:
1206:
1205:
1177:
1171:
1160:
1154:
1153:
1114:
1103:
1102:
1100:
1098:
1093:on July 29, 2019
1083:
1074:
1064:
1058:
1057:
1051:
1049:
1026:
1020:
1019:
1009:
977:
971:
970:
952:
928:
919:
918:
900:
894:
893:
883:
851:
341:
335:
280:of abortions by
239:(ability of the
116:edit on Wikidata
108:
94:
29:
21:
5191:
5190:
5186:
5185:
5184:
5182:
5181:
5180:
5166:Abortion debate
5156:
5155:
5154:
5149:
5098:
5067:
5040:United Kingdom
4994:
4946:
4937:Sexual medicine
4898:
4874:Gender identity
4862:
4808:Maternal health
4794:
4754:
4750:fertility fraud
4711:
4704:
4661:
4612:
4586:
4536:
4531:
4501:
4491:
4489:
4481:
4479:
4474:
4456:
4406:
4402:Unsafe abortion
4318:
4314:Spousal consent
4274:Laws by country
4241:
4170:
4151:Solomon Islands
4099:
4018:
3944:North Macedonia
3785:
3736:Northern Cyprus
3609:
3439:
3430:Unsafe abortion
3315:Forced abortion
3248:
3227:
3211:Abortion debate
3184:
3179:
3149:
3139:
3137:
3129:
3127:
3122:
3121:
3080:
3079:
3075:
3061:
3059:
3055:
3044:
3040:
3039:
3035:
3022:
3020:
2986:
2985:
2981:
2968:
2966:
2962:
2923:
2918:
2917:
2910:
2897:
2895:
2891:
2852:
2848:
2847:
2843:
2829:
2827:
2813:
2812:
2808:
2786:
2785:
2781:
2768:
2766:
2762:
2751:
2747:
2746:
2742:
2690:
2689:
2680:
2670:
2668:
2664:
2653:
2649:
2648:
2644:
2634:
2632:
2624:
2623:
2619:
2594:
2593:
2589:
2550:
2549:
2545:
2532:
2530:
2526:
2515:
2511:
2510:
2506:
2454:
2453:
2449:
2439:
2437:
2420:
2419:
2410:
2400:
2398:
2389:
2388:
2381:
2371:
2369:
2360:
2359:
2355:
2343:
2339:
2325:
2321:
2308:
2304:
2292:
2288:
2274:
2270:
2260:
2258:
2249:
2248:
2244:
2210:
2209:
2205:
2192:
2177:
2167:
2165:
2157:
2156:
2152:
2135:
2128:
2126:
2122:
2115:
2113:"Archived copy"
2111:
2110:
2106:
2096:
2094:
2087:
2083:
2082:
2078:
2068:
2067:
2060:
2051:
2042:
2032:
2030:
2026:
2021:
2020:
2016:
2006:
2004:
1993:10.1363/4521013
1973:
1972:
1968:
1916:
1915:
1911:
1898:
1894:
1883:
1881:
1875:
1874:
1867:
1861:Wayback Machine
1851:
1847:
1841:Wayback Machine
1831:
1827:
1818:
1814:
1805:
1801:
1793:Wayback Machine
1782:
1778:
1769:
1765:
1757:
1753:
1745:
1741:
1695:
1694:
1690:
1646:
1645:
1641:
1597:
1596:
1592:
1561:
1560:
1556:
1546:
1544:
1539:
1538:
1531:
1479:
1478:
1474:
1464:
1462:
1454:
1453:
1449:
1438:
1434:
1421:
1417:
1374:
1373:
1369:
1339:
1338:
1334:
1304:
1303:
1299:
1269:
1268:
1264:
1254:
1252:
1247:
1246:
1242:
1232:
1230:
1228:
1214:
1213:
1209:
1179:
1178:
1174:
1161:
1157:
1116:
1115:
1106:
1096:
1094:
1085:
1084:
1077:
1065:
1061:
1047:
1045:
1028:
1027:
1023:
979:
978:
974:
930:
929:
922:
902:
901:
897:
853:
852:
848:
843:
817:labor induction
803:
774:
694:
688:
608:North Macedonia
420:gestational age
413:
404:
388:
382:
377:
368:gestational age
282:gestational age
271:
253:
237:fetal viability
218:, i.e. after a
208:
192:the Netherlands
150:gestational age
119:
104:
90:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5189:
5187:
5179:
5178:
5176:Medical ethics
5173:
5168:
5158:
5157:
5151:
5150:
5148:
5147:
5142:
5141:
5140:
5135:
5130:
5125:
5117:
5112:
5106:
5104:
5100:
5099:
5097:
5096:
5091:
5086:
5081:
5075:
5073:
5069:
5068:
5066:
5065:
5064:
5063:
5058:
5056:teen pregnancy
5048:
5047:
5046:
5038:
5033:
5028:
5023:
5018:
5013:
5008:
5002:
5000:
4996:
4995:
4993:
4992:
4987:
4986:
4985:
4975:
4970:
4965:
4960:
4954:
4952:
4948:
4947:
4945:
4944:
4939:
4934:
4929:
4924:
4919:
4914:
4908:
4906:
4900:
4899:
4897:
4896:
4891:
4886:
4881:
4876:
4870:
4868:
4864:
4863:
4861:
4860:
4855:
4850:
4845:
4840:
4835:
4830:
4825:
4820:
4815:
4810:
4804:
4802:
4796:
4795:
4793:
4792:
4791:
4790:
4782:
4781:
4780:
4770:
4764:
4762:
4756:
4755:
4753:
4752:
4747:
4742:
4741:
4740:
4735:
4727:
4722:
4716:
4714:
4706:
4705:
4703:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4682:
4677:
4671:
4669:
4663:
4662:
4660:
4659:
4654:
4653:
4652:
4647:
4637:
4632:
4622:
4620:
4614:
4613:
4611:
4610:
4605:
4600:
4594:
4592:
4588:
4587:
4585:
4584:
4583:
4582:
4577:
4567:
4562:
4557:
4552:
4546:
4544:
4538:
4537:
4532:
4530:
4529:
4522:
4515:
4507:
4500:
4499:
4476:
4475:
4473:
4472:
4461:
4458:
4457:
4455:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4434:
4433:
4432:
4422:
4416:
4414:
4408:
4407:
4405:
4404:
4399:
4394:
4393:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4345:Intact D&X
4342:
4337:
4332:
4326:
4324:
4320:
4319:
4317:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4255:
4253:
4247:
4246:
4243:
4242:
4240:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4178:
4176:
4172:
4171:
4169:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4107:
4105:
4101:
4100:
4098:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4026:
4024:
4020:
4019:
4017:
4016:
4014:United Kingdom
4011:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3839:Czech Republic
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3795:
3793:
3787:
3786:
3784:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3617:
3615:
3611:
3610:
3608:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3456:
3454:
3445:
3441:
3440:
3438:
3437:
3435:Women's rights
3432:
3427:
3425:Toxic abortion
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3256:
3254:
3250:
3249:
3247:
3246:
3241:
3235:
3233:
3229:
3228:
3226:
3225:
3220:
3219:
3218:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3192:
3190:
3186:
3185:
3180:
3178:
3177:
3170:
3163:
3155:
3148:
3147:
3126:
3125:External links
3123:
3120:
3119:
3073:
3033:
2979:
2934:(6): 462–473.
2908:
2841:
2806:
2779:
2740:
2703:(7): 617–628.
2678:
2642:
2617:
2603:(2): 310–313.
2587:
2543:
2504:
2447:
2408:
2379:
2353:
2337:
2319:
2302:
2286:
2268:
2242:
2203:
2175:
2150:
2104:
2076:
2058:
2040:
2014:
1986:(4): 210–218.
1966:
1909:
1892:
1865:
1845:
1825:
1812:
1799:
1776:
1763:
1751:
1739:
1688:
1639:
1590:
1571:(3): 617–624.
1554:
1529:
1472:
1447:
1432:
1415:
1367:
1348:(8): 724–729.
1332:
1313:(8): 747–750.
1297:
1278:(8): 744–747.
1262:
1240:
1226:
1207:
1188:(6): 436–450.
1172:
1155:
1125:(4): 751–766.
1104:
1075:
1059:
1021:
972:
920:
895:
866:(5): 652–659.
845:
844:
842:
839:
838:
837:
832:
820:
813:
802:
799:
773:
770:
687:
684:
645:
644:
629:
622:
611:
604:
597:
562:
555:
464:Czech Republic
412:
409:
403:
400:
381:
378:
376:
373:
372:
371:
364:United States:
361:
355:
349:
343:
324:
318:
312:
306:
270:
267:
252:
249:
207:
204:
202:is diagnosed.
172:mortality rate
121:
120:
113:
110:
109:
102:
96:
95:
88:
82:
81:
76:
70:
69:
64:
58:
57:
48:
42:
41:
38:
34:
33:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5188:
5177:
5174:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5164:
5163:
5161:
5146:
5143:
5139:
5136:
5134:
5133:child benefit
5131:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5120:
5118:
5116:
5113:
5111:
5108:
5107:
5105:
5101:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5076:
5074:
5070:
5062:
5061:birth control
5059:
5057:
5054:
5053:
5052:
5051:United States
5049:
5045:
5042:
5041:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5022:
5019:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5004:
5003:
5001:
4997:
4991:
4988:
4984:
4981:
4980:
4979:
4976:
4974:
4971:
4969:
4966:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4956:
4955:
4953:
4949:
4943:
4940:
4938:
4935:
4933:
4930:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4920:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4909:
4907:
4905:
4901:
4895:
4892:
4890:
4887:
4885:
4882:
4880:
4877:
4875:
4872:
4871:
4869:
4865:
4859:
4856:
4854:
4851:
4849:
4848:Prenatal care
4846:
4844:
4841:
4839:
4836:
4834:
4831:
4829:
4826:
4824:
4821:
4819:
4816:
4814:
4811:
4809:
4806:
4805:
4803:
4801:
4797:
4789:
4786:
4785:
4783:
4779:
4776:
4775:
4774:
4771:
4769:
4766:
4765:
4763:
4761:
4757:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4730:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4717:
4715:
4713:
4707:
4701:
4700:Sterilization
4698:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4672:
4670:
4668:
4667:Contraception
4664:
4658:
4655:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4642:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4635:Birth spacing
4633:
4631:
4630:childlessness
4627:
4626:Childfreeness
4624:
4623:
4621:
4619:
4615:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4598:Sex education
4596:
4595:
4593:
4589:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4572:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4563:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4551:
4548:
4547:
4545:
4543:
4539:
4535:
4528:
4523:
4521:
4516:
4514:
4509:
4508:
4505:
4498:
4488:
4484:
4471:
4463:
4462:
4459:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4431:
4428:
4427:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4417:
4415:
4413:
4409:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4372:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4327:
4325:
4321:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4294:Six-week bans
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4256:
4254:
4252:
4248:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4179:
4177:
4175:South America
4173:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4108:
4106:
4102:
4096:
4095:United States
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4027:
4025:
4023:North America
4021:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3904:Liechtenstein
3902:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3796:
3794:
3792:
3788:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3618:
3616:
3612:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3457:
3455:
3453:
3449:
3446:
3442:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3345:Malthusianism
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3290:Birth control
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3257:
3255:
3251:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3236:
3234:
3230:
3224:
3221:
3217:
3214:
3213:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3193:
3191:
3187:
3183:
3176:
3171:
3169:
3164:
3162:
3157:
3156:
3153:
3146:
3136:
3132:
3124:
3116:
3112:
3108:
3104:
3100:
3096:
3092:
3088:
3084:
3077:
3074:
3070:
3054:
3050:
3043:
3037:
3034:
3030:
3018:
3014:
3010:
3006:
3002:
2998:
2994:
2990:
2983:
2980:
2976:
2961:
2957:
2953:
2949:
2945:
2941:
2937:
2933:
2929:
2928:Contraception
2922:
2915:
2913:
2909:
2905:
2890:
2886:
2882:
2878:
2874:
2870:
2866:
2862:
2858:
2851:
2845:
2842:
2838:
2825:
2821:
2817:
2810:
2807:
2803:
2798:
2794:
2790:
2783:
2780:
2776:
2761:
2757:
2750:
2744:
2741:
2736:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2718:
2714:
2710:
2706:
2702:
2698:
2694:
2687:
2685:
2683:
2679:
2663:
2659:
2652:
2646:
2643:
2631:
2627:
2621:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2602:
2598:
2591:
2588:
2584:
2580:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2562:
2558:
2557:Contraception
2554:
2547:
2544:
2540:
2525:
2521:
2514:
2508:
2505:
2500:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2482:
2478:
2474:
2470:
2466:
2462:
2458:
2451:
2448:
2436:
2432:
2428:
2424:
2417:
2415:
2413:
2409:
2397:
2396:FactCheck.org
2393:
2386:
2384:
2380:
2368:
2367:FactCheck.org
2364:
2357:
2354:
2350:
2346:
2341:
2338:
2334:
2330:
2329:
2328:Doe v. Bolton
2323:
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2018:
2015:
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1994:
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1187:
1183:
1182:Contraception
1176:
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1128:
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686:United States
685:
683:
681:
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664:
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650:
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626:United States
623:
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380:United States
379:
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205:
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197:
196:Great Britain
193:
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162:
161:birth defects
157:
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147:
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117:
107:
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101:
97:
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68:
65:
63:
59:
56:
52:
49:
47:
43:
39:
35:
30:
27:
19:
5145:Abortion law
5128:bachelor tax
4778:vulvovaginal
4712:reproduction
4425:Christianity
4380:Mifepristone
4375:Methotrexate
4355:Instillation
4279:Buffer zones
3751:Saudi Arabia
3580:South Africa
3575:Sierra Leone
3480:Burkina Faso
3350:Men's rights
3310:Fetal rights
3223:Abortion law
3114:
3089:(1): 97–98.
3086:
3082:
3076:
3067:
3060:. Retrieved
3048:
3036:
3028:
3021:. Retrieved
2996:
2992:
2982:
2974:
2967:. Retrieved
2931:
2927:
2903:
2896:. Retrieved
2860:
2856:
2844:
2835:
2828:. Retrieved
2819:
2809:
2800:
2792:
2782:
2774:
2767:. Retrieved
2755:
2743:
2700:
2696:
2669:. Retrieved
2657:
2645:
2633:. Retrieved
2630:www.acog.org
2629:
2620:
2612:
2600:
2596:
2590:
2582:
2560:
2556:
2546:
2538:
2531:. Retrieved
2519:
2507:
2467:(13): 1–45.
2464:
2460:
2450:
2438:. Retrieved
2426:
2399:. Retrieved
2395:
2370:. Retrieved
2366:
2356:
2349:462 U.S. 476
2344:
2340:
2333:410 U.S. 179
2326:
2322:
2314:
2305:
2298:492 U.S. 490
2293:
2289:
2282:546 U.S. 320
2275:
2271:
2259:. Retrieved
2255:
2245:
2220:
2216:
2206:
2198:
2166:. Retrieved
2162:
2153:
2127:. Retrieved
2120:the original
2107:
2095:. Retrieved
2079:
2031:. Retrieved
2017:
2007:September 9,
2005:. Retrieved
1983:
1979:
1969:
1929:(24): 1–48.
1926:
1922:
1912:
1904:
1895:
1884:September 5,
1882:. Retrieved
1854:Aborter 2005
1848:
1828:
1815:
1802:
1784:
1779:
1766:
1754:
1742:
1701:
1697:
1691:
1656:
1652:
1642:
1607:
1603:
1593:
1568:
1564:
1557:
1545:. Retrieved
1489:
1485:
1475:
1463:. Retrieved
1459:
1450:
1441:
1435:
1418:
1383:
1379:
1370:
1345:
1341:
1335:
1310:
1306:
1300:
1275:
1271:
1265:
1253:. Retrieved
1243:
1231:. Retrieved
1216:
1210:
1185:
1181:
1175:
1158:
1150:
1122:
1118:
1095:. Retrieved
1091:the original
1062:
1053:
1046:. Retrieved
1034:
1024:
992:(13): 1–45.
989:
985:
975:
940:
936:
914:
908:
898:
863:
859:
849:
827:
804:
788:
779:
775:
766:
755:
750:
743:
741:
737:
722:
714:
708:
701:
695:
677:
673:
665:
653:
648:
646:
548:Turkmenistan
528:South Africa
516:Saudi Arabia
417:
414:
405:
396:
389:
363:
358:Switzerland:
357:
351:
345:
326:
320:
314:
308:
301:
288:during 2019.
254:
234:
223:
209:
181:
169:
158:
145:
136:by inducing
129:
125:
124:
26:
5031:Philippines
4963:Infertility
4922:Gynaecology
4889:Transgender
4657:Sperm theft
4650:foster care
4452:Scientology
4430:Catholicism
4385:Misoprostol
4350:Hysterotomy
4136:New Zealand
4060:El Salvador
4004:Switzerland
3939:Netherlands
3741:Philippines
3711:South Korea
3706:North Korea
3621:Afghanistan
3196:Definitions
3189:Main topics
3062:October 30,
3023:October 28,
2969:October 26,
2898:October 30,
2830:October 30,
2820:govtrack.us
2769:October 29,
2671:October 26,
2563:(1): 4–18.
2533:October 31,
2261:October 27,
2168:October 13,
2163:harvard.edu
2033:October 24,
715:Roe v. Wade
703:Roe v. Wade
641:North Korea
619:Netherlands
339:primærnemnd
321:New Zealand
265:(D&E).
100:MedlinePlus
37:Other names
5160:Categories
5123:baby bonus
5119:Financial
4999:By country
4823:childbirth
4813:Obstetrics
4745:Sperm bank
4116:Micronesia
4045:Costa Rica
3974:San Marino
3934:Montenegro
3914:Luxembourg
3894:Kazakhstan
3701:Kazakhstan
3671:East Timor
3641:Bangladesh
3631:Azerbaijan
3550:Madagascar
3520:The Gambia
3495:Cape Verde
3444:By country
2129:October 7,
1604:Pediatrics
841:References
772:Live birth
690:See also:
613:24 weeks (
606:22 weeks (
599:18 weeks (
564:14 weeks (
557:13 weeks (
552:Uzbekistan
536:Tajikistan
488:Kyrgyzstan
484:Kazakhstan
436:Azerbaijan
426:12 weeks (
384:See also:
333:abortnemnd
302:Australia:
206:Definition
62:ICD-10-PCS
55:gynecology
51:Obstetrics
5036:Singapore
4951:Disorders
4912:Andrology
4800:Pregnancy
4784:Research
4640:Parenting
4591:Education
4237:Venezuela
4182:Argentina
4111:Australia
4080:Nicaragua
4065:Guatemala
3909:Lithuania
3756:Singapore
3415:Socialism
3232:Movements
2885:205384119
2717:0028-4793
2481:1546-0738
2440:August 5,
2435:0362-4331
2401:August 5,
2256:Slate.com
2159:"Denmark"
1943:1546-0738
1734:205384119
1718:0029-7844
1506:0028-4793
1402:1873-233X
1147:153307516
1043:0362-4331
967:205615540
812:(D&E)
731:with the
615:Singapore
566:Argentina
496:Lithuania
346:Scotland:
278:Histogram
269:Incidence
251:Viability
220:fetal age
216:gestation
212:20th week
176:morbidity
142:gestation
134:pregnancy
46:Specialty
5026:Pakistan
4904:Medicine
4884:Intersex
4867:Identity
4828:Abortion
4710:Assisted
4685:Safe sex
4645:adoption
4618:Planning
4497:Medicine
4470:Category
4437:Hinduism
4420:Buddhism
4412:Religion
4390:Oxytocin
4259:Case law
4227:Suriname
4217:Paraguay
4202:Colombia
4126:Kiribati
4070:Honduras
3989:Slovenia
3984:Slovakia
3959:Portugal
3829:Bulgaria
3726:Malaysia
3656:Cambodia
3605:Zimbabwe
3585:Tanzania
3515:Eswatini
3490:Cameroon
3475:Botswana
3365:Natalism
3305:Eugenics
3182:Abortion
3145:Medicine
3111:39838077
3103:18423641
3053:Archived
3051:. 2015.
3017:Archived
3013:25437742
2960:Archived
2956:12555553
2948:20472112
2889:Archived
2877:23812485
2824:Archived
2797:Archived
2760:Archived
2758:. 2007.
2735:28199816
2662:Archived
2635:July 14,
2579:21664506
2524:Archived
2499:30462632
2372:July 29,
2311:Delaware
2237:17476003
2139:cite web
2097:June 30,
2002:24188634
1961:29166366
1857:Archived
1837:Archived
1789:Archived
1726:23812485
1683:18420500
1634:17142535
1585:12220792
1547:June 30,
1524:25946279
1465:June 27,
1460:UAB News
1410:24150030
1202:19014789
1139:31078205
1016:30462632
959:19538409
890:19753943
719:enjoined
711:facially
649:de facto
574:Cambodia
524:Slovenia
520:Slovakia
504:Mongolia
452:Bulgaria
74:ICD-9-CM
5072:History
5021:Ireland
4773:Women's
4447:Judaism
4323:Methods
4232:Uruguay
4207:Ecuador
4187:Bolivia
4166:Vanuatu
4104:Oceania
4030:Bahamas
4009:Ukraine
3964:Romania
3924:Moldova
3884:Ireland
3879:Iceland
3874:Hungary
3864:Germany
3854:Finland
3849:Estonia
3844:Denmark
3834:Croatia
3819:Belgium
3814:Belarus
3809:Austria
3804:Andorra
3799:Albania
3776:Vietnam
3721:Lebanon
3676:Georgia
3636:Bahrain
3626:Armenia
3570:Senegal
3565:Nigeria
3560:Namibia
3545:Liberia
3540:Lesotho
3485:Burundi
3460:Algeria
3206:Methods
3201:History
2726:5456289
2609:1635751
2490:6289084
2335:(1973).
2300:(1989).
2284:(2006).
1952:6289084
1674:2597069
1625:3623686
1515:4465092
1362:9728645
1327:9728652
1292:9728651
1255:June 6,
1233:June 6,
1097:June 6,
1048:May 16,
1007:6289084
881:2728657
801:Methods
751:Webster
680:Vietnam
590:Romania
586:Hungary
582:Germany
570:Austria
540:Tunisia
532:Ukraine
500:Moldova
476:Georgia
472:Estonia
468:Denmark
456:Croatia
444:Belgium
440:Belarus
432:Armenia
428:Albania
375:Reasons
352:Sweden:
327:Norway:
309:Canada:
188:Iceland
92:D000028
5103:Policy
4983:clinic
4760:Health
4690:Condom
4542:Rights
4483:Portal
4212:Guyana
4192:Brazil
4161:Tuvalu
4085:Panama
4075:Mexico
4040:Canada
4035:Belize
3999:Sweden
3979:Serbia
3969:Russia
3954:Poland
3949:Norway
3929:Monaco
3899:Latvia
3869:Greece
3859:France
3791:Europe
3766:Turkey
3761:Taiwan
3691:Israel
3666:Cyprus
3651:Brunei
3646:Bhutan
3600:Zambia
3595:Uganda
3555:Malawi
3530:Guinea
3465:Angola
3452:Africa
3253:Issues
3131:Portal
3109:
3101:
3011:
2954:
2946:
2883:
2875:
2733:
2723:
2715:
2607:
2577:
2497:
2487:
2479:
2433:
2235:
2000:
1959:
1949:
1941:
1732:
1724:
1716:
1681:
1671:
1632:
1622:
1583:
1522:
1512:
1504:
1426:
1408:
1400:
1360:
1325:
1290:
1224:
1200:
1166:
1145:
1137:
1070:
1041:
1014:
1004:
965:
957:
916:weeks.
888:
878:
815:Early
639:, and
633:Canada
601:Sweden
578:France
544:Turkey
512:Russia
508:Norway
492:Latvia
480:Greece
245:uterus
184:Sweden
106:002912
5011:India
5006:China
4768:Men's
4738:Sperm
4442:Islam
4197:Chile
4156:Tonga
4146:Samoa
3994:Spain
3919:Malta
3889:Italy
3781:Yemen
3746:Qatar
3731:Nepal
3696:Japan
3681:India
3661:China
3535:Kenya
3525:Ghana
3510:Egypt
3470:Benin
3107:S2CID
3056:(PDF)
3045:(PDF)
2963:(PDF)
2952:S2CID
2924:(PDF)
2892:(PDF)
2881:S2CID
2853:(PDF)
2763:(PDF)
2752:(PDF)
2665:(PDF)
2654:(PDF)
2527:(PDF)
2516:(PDF)
2123:(PDF)
2116:(PDF)
2088:(PDF)
2027:(PDF)
1730:S2CID
1143:S2CID
1055:risk.
963:S2CID
637:China
594:Spain
559:Italy
241:fetus
200:fetus
138:labor
114:[
79:779.6
5044:teen
5016:Iran
4725:ICSI
4222:Peru
4121:Fiji
4050:Cuba
3716:Laos
3686:Iran
3614:Asia
3590:Togo
3505:Chad
3099:PMID
3064:2015
3025:2015
3009:PMID
2971:2015
2944:PMID
2900:2015
2873:PMID
2832:2015
2771:2015
2731:PMID
2713:ISSN
2673:2015
2637:2019
2605:PMID
2575:PMID
2535:2015
2495:PMID
2477:ISSN
2442:2019
2431:ISSN
2403:2019
2374:2019
2313:."
2263:2017
2233:PMID
2221:2007
2170:2015
2145:link
2131:2012
2099:2019
2035:2016
2009:2014
1998:PMID
1957:PMID
1939:ISSN
1886:2019
1722:PMID
1714:ISSN
1679:PMID
1630:PMID
1581:PMID
1549:2022
1520:PMID
1502:ISSN
1467:2022
1424:ISBN
1406:PMID
1398:ISSN
1358:PMID
1323:PMID
1288:PMID
1257:2019
1235:2019
1222:ISBN
1198:PMID
1164:ISBN
1135:PMID
1099:2019
1068:ISBN
1050:2019
1039:ISSN
1012:PMID
955:PMID
886:PMID
696:The
669:rape
592:and
550:and
460:Cuba
194:and
186:and
146:late
86:MeSH
53:and
4733:Egg
4251:Law
3091:doi
3087:102
3001:doi
2997:124
2936:doi
2865:doi
2861:121
2721:PMC
2705:doi
2701:376
2565:doi
2485:PMC
2469:doi
2225:doi
1988:doi
1947:PMC
1931:doi
1706:doi
1702:121
1669:PMC
1661:doi
1657:358
1620:PMC
1612:doi
1608:118
1573:doi
1569:100
1510:PMC
1494:doi
1490:372
1388:doi
1384:122
1350:doi
1346:280
1315:doi
1311:280
1280:doi
1276:280
1190:doi
1127:doi
1123:103
1002:PMC
994:doi
945:doi
941:116
876:PMC
868:doi
864:124
749:in
717:or
538:,
336:or
284:in
214:of
67:O04
5162::
3113:.
3105:.
3097:.
3085:.
3066:.
3047:.
3027:.
3015:.
3007:.
2995:.
2991:.
2973:.
2958:.
2950:.
2942:.
2932:81
2930:.
2926:.
2911:^
2902:.
2887:.
2879:.
2871:.
2859:.
2855:.
2834:.
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