614:
93:
459:
68:
544:
44:
625:; any fruit tasting bitter (which indicates larger concentrations of hydrogen cyanide) should not be eaten. The seed inside the fruit (and the leaves) contain larger concentrations of hydrogen cyanide, and should never be eaten. The toxicity of the seed inside the fruit is similar to the cyanide toxicity of the seeds inside the common fruits apricot and peach.
633:
Leaves and seed may cause severe discomfort, and death, to humans if ingested. Historically, it was used for execution and political assassination in the Roman empire (e.g. Nero). The seeds contained within the cherries are poisonous like the rest of the plant, containing
1009:
Sandallı, C. 2002. Karayemiş (Laurocerasus officinalis Roem.) bitkisinin RAPD (Random
Amplified Polymorphic DNA) tekniği ile moleküler karakterizasyonu, KTÜ Fen- Edb Fakültesi
434:
are dark green, leathery, shiny, (5–)10–25(–30) cm long and 4–10 cm broad, with a finely serrated margin. The leaves can have the scent of almonds when crushed. The
856:
1438:
945:
1529:
744:
1740:
1165:
1376:
1464:
1389:
778:
769:
1637:
1565:
1019:
1316:
1118:
1805:
1547:
1775:
1150:
571:. Its rapid growth, coupled with its evergreen habit and its tolerance of drought and shade, often allow it to out-compete and kill off
1350:
1311:
1093:
442:
of 30–40 flowers, each flower 1 cm across, with five creamy-white petals and numerous yellowish stamens with a sweet smell. The
1800:
1069:
880:
838:
814:
1795:
976:
666:
Cherry laurel wood contains a lot of water. It tends to gum up blades while cutting. It tends to split and distort while drying.
430:, growing to 5 to 15 metres (16 to 49 ft) tall, rarely to 18 metres (59 ft), with a trunk up to 60 cm broad. The
1425:
851:
1790:
1755:
1699:
1495:
893:
1616:
1469:
1516:
774:
1059:
1770:
693:, Portuguese laurel, is similar in appearance, but may be distinguished by its sharply toothed leaves and red petioles.
1663:
1451:
1262:
1239:
533:
739:
1765:
1704:
1650:
1178:
1534:
1780:
1760:
1490:
492:
that can cope with difficult growing conditions, including shaded and dry conditions, and which respond well to
1750:
1570:
560:
92:
1655:
921:
1230:
1368:
1785:
1363:
1277:
1192:
1267:
1000:
Anşin, R., Özkan, Z. C., 1993. Tohumlu
Bitkiler (Spermatophyta) odunsu taksonlar KTÜ Orman Fak Yayınları.
677:
537:
209:
1394:
907:
760:
1557:
1324:
1061:
Handbook of
Chemical Risk Assessment: Health Hazards to Humans, Plants, and Animals, Three Volume Set
1044:
1023:
613:
57:
1508:
402:, but the two plants are not closely related. It is not to be confused with its American relative
1712:
1642:
1303:
1122:
404:
368:
233:
87:
1443:
1172:
710:
1591:
1285:
1146:
1089:
1065:
972:
876:
834:
810:
689:
642:. This chemical composition is what gives the smell of almonds when the leaves are crushed.
1596:
1482:
1417:
655:
622:
584:
485:
473:
1745:
1578:
860:
748:
130:
956:
17:
1624:
568:
117:
1734:
1477:
399:
334:
225:
77:
72:
1629:
458:
1717:
1290:
651:
647:
643:
572:
1244:
1668:
1606:
800:
1691:
1521:
1503:
1402:
1224:
564:
519:
590:
The species that are mainly found in Turkey's
Eastern Black Sea Region (mainly
543:
43:
383:
1355:
1215:
1456:
1337:
1108:
Smith S. Poisons and poisoners through the ages. Med Leg J. 1952;20:153–167.
639:
635:
420:
391:
344:
1681:
438:
buds appear in early spring and open in early summer in erect 7–15 cm
515:'Magnifolia', vigorous, with great leaves up to 30-cm wide and 11-cm broad
1676:
1542:
1254:
1209:
505:
360:
176:
143:
1583:
802:
The plant book: A portable dictionary of the vascular plants (entry for
1381:
1298:
1166:
Electronic Atlas of the Plants of
British Columbia: Prunus laurocerasus
1045:"Prunus laurocerasus Cherry Laurel, English Laurel PFAF Plant Database"
670:
607:
595:
591:
575:
species. It is spread by birds, through the seeds in their droppings.
493:
356:
166:
1171:
583:
The species is found in woods and in shrubbery places as an escape in
1407:
477:
447:
439:
435:
431:
364:
352:
339:
186:
156:
1186:
621:
The fruits are astringent but edible. They contain small amounts of
567:
and the
Pacific Northwest of North America), this species can be an
1430:
1342:
612:
542:
489:
481:
457:
443:
423:
104:
427:
372:
348:
1329:
1190:
480:
and parks in temperate regions worldwide. It is often used for
991:
Institute of Irish
Studies, The Queen's University of Belfast.
971:
Institute of Irish
Studies, The Queen's University of Belfast.
522:), half-dwarf, with small leaves 10-cm wide and 2–3-cm broad
450:
1–2 cm broad, turning black when ripe in early autumn.
1088:. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136.
676:
Sections that are large enough in diameter may be used to
989:
Stewart & Corry's Flora of the North-east of
Ireland.
563:
widely. In some regions (such as the United
Kingdom, the
512:'Aureovariegata', variegated, leaves with a yellow margin
382:
refer to the similarity of foliage and appearance to
1199:
669:The freshly cut wood is creamy white and smells of
894:"Prunus laurocerasus 'Otto Luyken' - Plant Finder"
908:"North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox"
528:'Zabeliana', selected for winter cold tolerance
606:The foliage is also used for cut greenery in
8:
673:, It turns to orange and brown when dried.
587:and commonly planted in parks and gardens.
1187:
532:The cultivar 'Otto Luyken' has gained the
66:
42:
31:
809:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
484:, as a screening plant, and as a massed
1119:"Poisonous Plants: Prunus Laurocerasus"
779:United States Department of Agriculture
770:Germplasm Resources Information Network
702:
246:
408:, which is also called cherry laurel.
1086:RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants
598:) are categorized as endemic plants.
337:, is an evergreen species of cherry (
7:
1705:10144362-dfeb-4aa9-a8f7-062a140efb9b
1558:73473d0a-6fc2-4a1d-bce5-07056f995b5a
1020:"English_laurel_prunus_laurocerasus"
658:) and other compounds and is toxic.
1741:IUCN Red List least concern species
946:Evergreen.ca Invasive Plant Profile
343:), native to regions bordering the
25:
390:, the true laurel, in the family
1656:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:324745-2
1142:Parnell, J. and Curtis, T. 2012
488:plant. Most cultivars are tough
91:
967:Beesley, S. and Wilde, J. 1997
873:New RHS Dictionary of Gardening
650:made from the plant, contains
508:have been selected, including
1:
1058:Eisler, Ronald (2000-04-12).
775:Agricultural Research Service
738:Euro+Med Plantbase Project:
720:. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
394:), and like the bay laurel,
1806:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
957:Weeds of the Blue Mountains
831:Trees of Britain and Europe
617:Prunus laurocerasus fruits.
534:Royal Horticultural Society
518:'Otto Luyken' (named after
1822:
1776:Flora of Georgia (country)
718:Plants of the World Online
426:or small to medium-sized
239:
232:
215:
208:
88:Scientific classification
86:
64:
55:
50:
41:
34:
1801:Plants described in 1753
871:Huxley, A., ed. (1992).
799:Mabberley, D.J. (2008).
268:Laurocerasus officinalis
18:Laurocerasus officinalis
1796:Garden plants of Europe
1179:The American Cyclopædia
969:Urban Flora of Belfast.
476:, used for planting in
472:is a widely cultivated
1144:Webb's An Irish Flora.
922:"RHS Plant Selector -
829:Rushforth, K. (1999).
618:
551:
466:
1791:Garden plants of Asia
1756:Flora of Western Asia
1173:"Cherry Laurel"
636:cyanogenic glycosides
616:
546:
538:Award of Garden Merit
461:
284:Laurocerasus vulgaris
850:Flora of NW Europe:
398:was used for making
378:The common names of
260:Cerasus laurocerasus
252:Cerasus laurocerasus
201:P. laurocerasus
51:Foliage and flowers
1771:Flora of Azerbaijan
1607:Prunus_laurocerasus
1548:Prunus~laurocerasus
1317:Prunus_laurocerasus
1231:Prunus laurocerasus
1201:Prunus laurocerasus
924:Prunus laurocerasus
853:Prunus laurocerasus
763:Prunus laurocerasus
741:Prunus laurocerasus
713:Prunus laurocerasus
549:Prunus laurocerasus
470:Prunus laurocerasus
464:Prunus laurocerasus
417:Prunus laurocerasus
396:Prunus laurocerasus
318:Prunus laurocerasus
276:Laurocerasus otinii
219:Prunus laurocerasus
58:Conservation status
36:Prunus laurocerasus
859:2008-05-14 at the
747:2012-03-09 at the
619:
552:
467:
405:Prunus caroliniana
369:Caucasus Mountains
300:Prunus grandifolia
292:Padus laurocerasus
1766:Flora of Bulgaria
1728:
1727:
1592:Open Tree of Life
1193:Taxon identifiers
987:Hackney, P. (Ed)
690:Prunus lusitanica
351:and southeastern
314:
313:
304:
296:
288:
280:
272:
264:
256:
81:
16:(Redirected from
1813:
1781:Flora of Armenia
1761:Flora of Albania
1721:
1720:
1708:
1707:
1695:
1694:
1685:
1684:
1672:
1671:
1659:
1658:
1646:
1645:
1633:
1632:
1620:
1619:
1610:
1609:
1600:
1599:
1587:
1586:
1574:
1573:
1561:
1560:
1551:
1550:
1538:
1537:
1525:
1524:
1522:NBNSYS0000003420
1512:
1511:
1499:
1498:
1486:
1485:
1473:
1472:
1460:
1459:
1447:
1446:
1434:
1433:
1421:
1420:
1411:
1410:
1398:
1397:
1385:
1384:
1372:
1371:
1359:
1358:
1346:
1345:
1333:
1332:
1320:
1319:
1307:
1306:
1294:
1293:
1281:
1280:
1271:
1270:
1258:
1257:
1248:
1247:
1235:
1234:
1233:
1220:
1219:
1218:
1188:
1183:
1175:
1153:
1140:
1134:
1133:
1131:
1130:
1121:. Archived from
1115:
1109:
1106:
1100:
1099:
1082:
1076:
1075:
1055:
1049:
1048:
1041:
1035:
1034:
1032:
1031:
1022:. Archived from
1016:
1010:
1007:
1001:
998:
992:
985:
979:
965:
959:
954:
948:
943:
937:
936:
934:
932:
918:
912:
911:
904:
898:
897:
890:
884:
869:
863:
848:
842:
827:
821:
820:
796:
790:
789:
787:
785:
757:
751:
736:
730:
729:
727:
725:
707:
656:hydrogen cyanide
623:hydrogen cyanide
585:Northern Ireland
555:Invasive species
474:ornamental plant
347:in southwestern
321:, also known as
302:
294:
286:
278:
270:
262:
254:
221:
96:
95:
75:
70:
69:
46:
32:
27:Species of plant
21:
1821:
1820:
1816:
1815:
1814:
1812:
1811:
1810:
1751:Flora of Europe
1731:
1730:
1729:
1724:
1716:
1711:
1703:
1698:
1690:
1688:
1680:
1675:
1667:
1662:
1654:
1649:
1641:
1636:
1628:
1623:
1615:
1613:
1605:
1603:
1595:
1590:
1582:
1579:Observation.org
1577:
1569:
1564:
1556:
1554:
1546:
1541:
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1528:
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1507:
1502:
1494:
1489:
1481:
1476:
1468:
1463:
1455:
1450:
1442:
1437:
1429:
1424:
1416:
1414:
1406:
1401:
1393:
1388:
1380:
1375:
1367:
1362:
1354:
1349:
1341:
1336:
1328:
1323:
1315:
1310:
1302:
1297:
1289:
1284:
1276:
1274:
1266:
1261:
1253:
1251:
1243:
1238:
1229:
1228:
1223:
1214:
1213:
1208:
1195:
1170:
1162:
1157:
1156:
1151:978-185918-4783
1141:
1137:
1128:
1126:
1117:
1116:
1112:
1107:
1103:
1096:
1084:
1083:
1079:
1072:
1057:
1056:
1052:
1043:
1042:
1038:
1029:
1027:
1018:
1017:
1013:
1008:
1004:
999:
995:
986:
982:
966:
962:
955:
951:
944:
940:
930:
928:
920:
919:
915:
906:
905:
901:
892:
891:
887:
870:
866:
861:Wayback Machine
849:
845:
828:
824:
817:
798:
797:
793:
783:
781:
759:
758:
754:
749:Wayback Machine
737:
733:
723:
721:
709:
708:
704:
699:
686:
684:Similar species
664:
631:
604:
581:
557:
502:
456:
414:
380:P. laurocerasus
310:
307:
255:(L.) Dum.Cours.
245:
244:
228:
223:
217:
204:
90:
82:
71:
67:
60:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1819:
1817:
1809:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1733:
1732:
1726:
1725:
1723:
1722:
1718:wfo-0001016516
1709:
1696:
1686:
1673:
1660:
1647:
1634:
1621:
1611:
1601:
1588:
1575:
1562:
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1487:
1474:
1461:
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1435:
1422:
1412:
1399:
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1360:
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1259:
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1160:External links
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926:'Otto Luyken'"
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569:invasive plant
559:It has become
556:
553:
530:
529:
526:
525:'Schipkaensis'
523:
516:
513:
501:
498:
455:
452:
413:
410:
400:laurel wreaths
388:Laurus nobilis
331:English laurel
329:and sometimes
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1125:on 2007-04-19
1124:
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1105:
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1097:
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1071:9781420032741
1067:
1064:. CRC Press.
1063:
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1026:on 2018-08-24
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429:
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422:
418:
411:
409:
407:
406:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
376:
374:
371:and northern
370:
366:
363:east through
362:
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354:
350:
346:
342:
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648:distillation
644:Laurel water
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1504:NatureServe
1403:iNaturalist
1225:Wikispecies
931:23 February
784:21 December
565:Isle of Man
561:naturalised
520:Otto Luyken
454:Cultivation
446:is a small
412:Description
131:Angiosperms
1735:Categories
1625:Plant List
1275:Calflora:
1129:2007-03-31
1030:2016-12-24
833:. Collins
697:References
602:Other uses
462:Flowers -
384:bay laurel
295:(L.) Mill.
1369:250100395
640:amygdalin
608:floristry
547:Leaves -
506:cultivars
500:Cultivars
486:landscape
421:evergreen
392:Lauraceae
345:Black Sea
195:Species:
101:Kingdom:
1700:VicFlora
1689:VASCAN:
1682:27801103
1677:Tropicos
1604:PalDat:
1543:NSWFlora
1509:2.144986
1444:11375075
1431:324745-2
1312:eFloraSA
1252:BioLib:
1210:Wikidata
857:Archived
745:Archived
724:17 March
629:Toxicity
504:Over 40
361:Bulgaria
287:Carrière
279:Carrière
234:Synonyms
177:Rosaceae
173:Family:
144:Eudicots
78:IUCN 3.1
1630:rjp-714
1491:MoBotPF
1382:3021496
1299:Ecocrop
1216:Q157508
1182:. 1879.
680:bowls.
671:almonds
596:Giresun
592:Trabzon
579:Habitat
494:pruning
478:gardens
440:racemes
367:to the
357:Albania
355:, from
303:Salisb.
271:M.Roem.
183:Genus:
167:Rosales
163:Order:
105:Plantae
76: (
1746:Prunus
1638:PLANTS
1597:156912
1555:NZOR:
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1483:172277
1457:116557
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1330:628559
1268:254427
1245:112692
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490:shrubs
482:hedges
448:cherry
436:flower
432:leaves
419:is an
365:Turkey
353:Europe
340:Prunus
188:Prunus
157:Rosids
1669:13977
1643:PRLA5
1614:PFI:
1566:NZPCN
1535:32242
1470:24786
1439:IRMNG
1418:14124
1415:IPA:
1408:61432
1395:30027
1351:EUNIS
1343:PRNLR
1291:4N8Y3
1255:39532
444:fruit
424:shrub
151:Clade
138:Clade
125:Clade
112:Clade
1692:8866
1651:POWO
1617:2236
1584:9200
1571:2852
1530:NCBI
1478:IUCN
1465:ITIS
1426:IPNI
1390:GRIN
1377:GBIF
1338:EPPO
1304:8980
1278:8723
1263:BOLD
1240:APNI
1147:ISBN
1090:ISBN
1066:ISBN
973:ISBN
933:2020
877:ISBN
835:ISBN
811:ISBN
786:2017
726:2024
678:turn
662:Wood
646:, a
638:and
594:and
428:tree
373:Iran
359:and
349:Asia
243:List
1713:WFO
1664:RHS
1517:NBN
1452:ISC
1364:FNA
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1286:CoL
715:L."
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