157:"It stands entirely isolated in the center of a small square, and reaches to a total height of 276 ft. It measures a little over 40 ft. at the base, is in plan an octagon, and is constructed entirely of brick, but with a variety of forms, ornament, and details, recalling both the Gothic and the Moorish styles. Each story of the tower is treated in a different manner. The basement is simple and massive, and the first story is formed in the plan of a star with reentrant angles. The corner turrets of the upper portion of the tower, the pointed arched windows, and the picturesque roof, are especial features which mark this tower in an individual manner. There is nothing like it anywhere else in the world, and in many respects it is one of the most successful examples of the use of a humble material to produce a monumental effect. None of the details are helped out by stone or terra-cotta. As in the previous examples, the bricks are of the Roman type, long and flat, and are laid with a very thick bed of mortar. It is intensely interesting to study this design in detail, as we can see how cleverly the effect is obtained with a minimum of effort. The tower leans so as to overhang the base by more than 8 ft. This inclination seems to have been produced deliberately, for at the base it is much less than in the main portion of the tower."
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In 1878 the tower was lopped, removing its triple spire. In 1892, Zaragoza's city council decided to tear down the tower, justifying the decision by inclination and alleged ruin of the work. The decision was opposed by many intellectuals and part of population, but efforts to save it were in vain.
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The tower began to lean soon after construction, possibly due to haste while building the foundation and the first body. The southern part of the tower was forged faster than the northern part, which caused a difference in tension between both sides, which inclined the tower. It was attempted to
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Juce Galí. Shortly after being built, its inclination could be noted, although it was said that there was no danger to its stability. In 1892, Zaragoza's city council decided to demolish the tower, justifying the decision with the inclination and probable ruin. The decision was opposed by many
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Over the years, the tower became an icon for the city. It was also the highest Mudéjar-style tower ever built (80 m (260 ft)) in 1504. It had a diameter of 11.5 m (38 ft) and a ground plan in the shape of a 16-pointed star.
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During the 1990s, a memorial was placed where the tower once stood. It consists of the perimeter of the tower outlined on the pavement, and a sculpture of a boy sitting on the paved plaza, looking up at the tower as if it still existed.
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It had four heights. The cross section of the first was a 16-pointed star and the following were octagonal with angular buttresses, characteristic of these 16th century's towers and model and example for other towers, such as that of
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The complete demolition lasted a year, starting in the summer of 1892 with the installation of scaffolding. The bricks of the tower were sold for foundations of new houses in the city.
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brothers, who published numerous articles denouncing the "patricide" of "the most beautiful Mudéjar tower", calling it "the greatest artistic crime committed in Spain".
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remedy by reinforcing the foundation, but the inclination was maintained. Its inclination or deviation from vertical was nearly three meters.
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In one of the shops of the square there is a small museum dedicated to the tower, with photographs and pieces of it.
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intellectuals and part of the population. After the tower's demolition, citizens bought bricks as
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In the 19th century the tower was heavily reproduced by painters and photographers, among them
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The Torre Nueva of
Zaragoza and documentation of the 16th century: history and historiography.
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Teixidor
Cadenas, Carlos. "Centenario del derribo de la Torre inclinada de Zaragoza". En:
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318:"Colección Ticket, Entradas e Impresos: Estampa de caja de puros, mostrando Zaragoza"
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252:"Semanario pintoresco español: Lectura de las familias. Enciclopedia popular"
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A description of the tower was given in The
Brickbuilder Vol. 5 No. 6, 1896:
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in 1874. Published in the work L'Espagne of French Baron
Charles Davillier.
216:"La Tour Penchée (Leaning Tower), à Saragosse". Drawing by French painter
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Mackenzie, Alexander
Slidell (1834) 'Spain Revisited'. Harper & Bros.
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From the same 16th century on, the tower became a symbol of the city.
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Painting of the
Leaning Tower of Zaragoza in 1838 by Scottish painter
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Built in the 16th century as a clock tower, it was built in
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The tower was built in 1504 during the reign of the
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359:Review of the Department of Art History at the
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111:Colegiata de Santa Maria la Mayor, Calatayud
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45:located in current Plaza de San Felipe, in
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168:Far view of Leaning Tower of Zaragoza by
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185:Among defenders of the tower were the
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636:Towers completed in the 16th century
373:Zaragoza, City Council of Zaragoza.
296:"Exposiciones Virtuales.Torre Nueva"
274:"Exposiciones Virtuales.Torre Nueva"
60:in Mudéjar style by master builders
64:Gabriel Gombao and Antón Sariñena,
563:List of missing landmarks in Spain
68:Ismael Allabar and Monferriz, and
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369:Dolader Serrano, Alberto (1989).
89:The Leaning Tower of Zaragoza by
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16:Former tower in Zaragoza, Spain
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371:The Torre Nueva of Zaragoza.
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232:The seated boy's memorial.
511:Leaning Tower of Zaragoza
428:Leaning Tower of Zaragoza
262:– via Google Books.
32:Leaning Tower of Zaragoza
621:Inclined towers in Spain
516:Abbey of Santa Engracia
177:Demolition of the tower
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361:University of Zaragoza
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324:17 December
302:17 December
280:17 December
258:17 December
81:Description
36:Torre Nueva
610:Categories
580:41°39′18″N
540:Gate Walls
490:Demolished
238:References
170:J. Laurent
144:J. Laurent
62:Christians
583:0°52′55″W
504:Buildings
493:landmarks
75:souvenirs
497:Zaragoza
47:Zaragoza
394:Portals
203:Gallery
66:Muslims
40:Mudéjar
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365:(Ref.)
125:Sieges
556:Other
450:Media
420:Spain
58:brick
375:ISBN
326:2016
304:2016
282:2016
260:2016
133:1809
129:1808
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