Knowledge (XXG)

League of Empire Loyalists

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33: 495:, it had come to be seen as archaic and anachronistic whilst it was struggling even more with a lack of funds. By 1964, Chesterton was already being heard to say in private that the future of the LEL might be better served by joining up with the younger, more radical members who had departed earlier in the decade. In an attempt to reinvigorate the flagging group Chesterton was persuaded to put up three "Independent Loyalist" candidates in the 565:(BNP) began in earnest in September 1966, and by the time of the LEL conference the following month, plans were already at such an advanced stage that the major topic was whether the new party would be called the British Front or the National Independence Party. The conference also saw the establishment of a working party to thrash out details of the new group, consisting of Austen Brooks, 352:) was involved in forcibly removing members of the League of Empire Loyalists. The widespread media coverage resulted in his being sued for assault; not only was he acquitted, but costs were awarded against the prosecution. That same year the League secured further publicity when members launched an "invasion" of the 479:
whilst another group of leavers had been the supporters of Colin Jordan. Jordan had left in 1957 after his call to bar Jews, and non-whites from the LEL had been rejected, whilst John Bean had left under acrimonious circumstances the following year. Both men advocated the formation of mass parties,
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Despite the poor performances of the three candidates, donations had poured in from all over the country to help them fight the campaign. This made a deep impression on Chesterton, who had largely been obliged to fund the LEL out of his own pocket. Chesterton had been preoccupied with a legal case
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who had garnered a reputation as an excellent fund-raiser and whose methods, if not politics, had impressed Chesterton greatly. By the spring of 1966, Chesterton had begun sounding out the likes of Bean, Tyndall and even Jordan about the possibility of building a united front on the far right.
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The LEL was well known for various stunts at Conservative Party meetings and conferences (acting as a constant irritant to the party). These stunts included hiding underneath the speaker platform overnight to emerge during the conference in order to put across their points. At the 1958 party
499:, but between them, they managed to secure only 1064 votes According to Michael Billig, the League only contested these seats as a publicity stunt rather than due to having any pretensions to becoming a political party. The League's journal 474:
By 1961, the LEL found itself in financial trouble, and Chesterton was funding the group himself. The group had also lost many of its members, falling from a 1958 high of 3000 to only 300 members. Some had left with Hilton to join his
518:-based millionaire Robert K. Jeffrey, who had seemingly left two contradictory wills, but Chesterton's fervour for politics had been rekindled by his discovery of the relative ease of funding a political party and by the emergence of 546:. However, it also convinced him that space had opened to the right of the Conservative Party and that the chances were better for a united far-right group. The LEL, however, was under threat from the growth of the 569:, Avril Walters and Nettie Bonner from the LEL and Philip Maxwell, Bernard Simmons and Gerald Kemp from the BNP. On 7 February 1967 the LEL was wound up and replaced by the newly merged group, by now known as the 2250: 291:
The wide-reaching critiques that this conspiracy theory utilised meant that the LEL won membership from various sectors of right-wing opinion, including former BUF activists like Chesterton himself and
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in 1956, LEL members were on hand to yell at Eden that he had just shaken hands with murderers. In November 1961, Leonard Young, a Royal Air Force Wing Commander and author of the 1956 book
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and devotion to conspiracy theories about the Jews and international capitalism also became more prominent in LEL ideology towards the end of the group's life. The League was also strongly
2240: 543: 335:, it was not a political party. According to Nigel Fielding, the LEL "was composed of right-wing Conservatives, particularly retired military men, and a few pre-war Fascists". 1358: 554:, making the need for a new party that much more urgent. Around this time, he flirted with Dr David Brown of the Racial Preservation Society and his plans to establish a 1296: 2245: 2160: 1276: 411:. After these antics, the Tory leadership made it clear to their members that the LEL was to be discouraged, leading to a severe downturn in membership. 505:
went on to support the National Front while A. K. Chesterton was its leader. Following that, it became independent and is still published to this day.
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as the world's natural leaders that ultimately saw the group become estranged from the Conservatives, as the League was increasingly divorced from the
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and to campaign for its continuing existence. It was to be its calls for the restoration of the empire and reassertion of the notion of
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that came to dominate the party. This was particularly true following the independence of Sudan and the
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As time progressed, the group became primarily concerned with opposing non-white immigration into
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an idea that Chesterton rejected, and over time they won support to their respective groups, the
392: 357: 353: 178: 272:. Chesterton feared the growth of the Soviet Union and of the United States. He concluded that 2165: 2104: 2089: 2064: 1744: 1543: 1533: 1508: 1411: 1366: 1286: 1103: 984: 962: 679: 535: 376: 168: 371:, both men being heavily bearded, before revealing his charade and shouting LEL slogans. Sir 2099: 2094: 1924: 1849: 1804: 1713: 1593: 1538: 1381: 1048: 435:
in 1956 when the Conservatives formally broke from any notion of being the party of empire.
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By the mid-1960s, the LEL was a shadow of its former self as, according to leading member
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won a convincing victory and anti-immigration candidates lost support, as well as by
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Although the LEL actively supported an independent candidate who was a member at the
293: 249: 2140: 1909: 1904: 1869: 1864: 1859: 1809: 1784: 1643: 1623: 408: 372: 368: 309: 269: 225: 163: 48: 236:'s dissolution. The League was a small group of current or former members of the 1999: 1984: 1974: 1964: 1919: 1829: 1824: 1799: 1794: 1789: 1603: 1063: 551: 492: 432: 391:, gained further notoriety for the LEL when he threw a bag of sheep guts at the 2019: 1844: 1513: 1231: 1201: 1123: 443: 277: 273: 2209: 1401: 1390: 1176: 345: 183: 363:
In another incident, LEL member Austen Brooks gained access to a lunch for
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As its name suggests, the initial aim of the LEL was to support the
348:, George Irvine Finlay (who became Director of Organisation for the 515: 811:
British fascism: essays on the radical right in inter-war Britain
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Chesterton established the group in 1954 on the far right of the
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The Politico's Guide to the History of British Political Parties
1002: 232:), established in 1954. Its ostensible purpose was to stop the 798:
The Other Face of Terror - Inside Europe’s Neo-Nazi Network
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was also a target when speakers at its inaugural rally in
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Defunct far-right political parties in the United Kingdom
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in evidence at the time, as typified by the policies of
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Taylor: Radical Historian of Europe 280:were actually in an alliance as part of a 18: 1162:British League of Ex-Servicemen and Women 868:, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1978, p. 113 1709:Arthur Wellesley, 5th Duke of Wellington 1030:Far-right politics in the United Kingdom 959:Fascism in Britain: A History, 1918–1985 784:, London: Junction Books, 1982, p. 33-34 454:in February 1967. Chesterton's personal 2136:British National Party election results 713: 581: 1679:Edward Russell, 26th Baron de Clifford 1529:Hastings Russell, 12th Duke of Bedford 937: 925: 913: 901: 889: 877: 852: 835: 769:The National Front in English Politics 742: 628: 613: 601: 590:The National Front in English Politics 544:Unilateral Declaration of Independence 2246:Political parties established in 1954 1659:Gerard Wallop, 9th Earl of Portsmouth 645:. London: New Millennium. p. 99. 7: 813:, Taylor & Francis, 1980, p. 213 367:by impersonating Cypriot Archbishop 318:Edmund Ironside, 1st Baron Ironside 1669:David Mitford, 2nd Baron Redesdale 1584:Patrick Boyle, 8th Earl of Glasgow 809:Kenneth Lunn, Richard C. Thurlow, 664:, London: Politico's, 2001, p. 143 122: 14: 1317:Revolutionary Conservative Caucus 244:, a former leading figure in the 1564:Josslyn Hay, 22nd Earl of Erroll 1182:Conservative Democratic Alliance 592:, London: Macmillan, 1982, p. 12 401:Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament 31: 16:British far-right pressure group 2156:National Front election results 2151:List of British fascist parties 1267:National Socialist Action Party 698:George Irvine Finlay Obituary, 333:1957 Lewisham North by-election 296:, traditionalist patriots like 800:, London: Collins, 1988, p. 81 509:Creation of the National Front 1: 2256:Anti-communist organizations 1397:Christian Council of Britain 1222:International Third Position 1084:English National Association 464:Ukrainian National Committee 284:-led conspiracy against the 2180:Active notable publications 1488:Stop Islamisation of Europe 1312:Racial Preservation Society 1277:National Socialist Movement 1272:National Socialist Movement 1252:National Independence Party 1099:Militant Christian Patriots 548:Racial Preservation Society 248:, who had served under Sir 65:; 70 years ago 2277: 1227:League of Empire Loyalists 1069:Britons Publishing Society 758:, I.B.Tauris, 2006, p. 276 704:. 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Blakeney 1509:Mary Sophia Allen 1412:English Democrats 1287:New Britain Party 1104:National Fascisti 990:978-0-00-634824-5 968:978-0-631-13618-7 880:, pp. 48–49. 660:David Boothroyd, 604:, pp. 28–29. 377:Nikita Khrushchev 210: 209: 169:White nationalism 2268: 2114:Related articles 2100:John Graeme Wood 2095:Martin Wingfield 1850:Andrew Fountaine 1805:A. K. Chesterton 1733:Post-1945 people 1714:Henry Williamson 1594:Reginald Goodall 1539:A. K. 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1540: 1537: 1535: 1532: 1530: 1527: 1525: 1522: 1520: 1517: 1515: 1512: 1510: 1507: 1506: 1504: 1500: 1494: 1491: 1489: 1486: 1484: 1481: 1479: 1476: 1474: 1471: 1469: 1466: 1464: 1461: 1459: 1456: 1454: 1451: 1449: 1446: 1444: 1441: 1439: 1436: 1434: 1431: 1429: 1426: 1424: 1421: 1419: 1416: 1413: 1410: 1408: 1405: 1403: 1400: 1398: 1395: 1392: 1388: 1385: 1383: 1380: 1378: 1375: 1373: 1372:Britain First 1370: 1368: 1365: 1364: 1362: 1360: 1359:Active groups 1356: 1350: 1347: 1345: 1342: 1340: 1337: 1335: 1332: 1330: 1327: 1325: 1324: 1320: 1318: 1315: 1313: 1310: 1308: 1305: 1303: 1300: 1298: 1295: 1293: 1290: 1288: 1285: 1283: 1280: 1278: 1275: 1273: 1270: 1268: 1265: 1263: 1260: 1258: 1255: 1253: 1250: 1248: 1245: 1243: 1240: 1238: 1235: 1233: 1230: 1228: 1225: 1223: 1220: 1218: 1215: 1213: 1210: 1208: 1205: 1203: 1200: 1198: 1195: 1193: 1190: 1188: 1185: 1183: 1180: 1178: 1175: 1173: 1170: 1168: 1165: 1163: 1160: 1158: 1155: 1153: 1150: 1148: 1145: 1143: 1140: 1139: 1137: 1131: 1125: 1122: 1120: 1119:Nordic League 1117: 1115: 1112: 1110: 1107: 1105: 1102: 1100: 1097: 1095: 1092: 1090: 1087: 1085: 1082: 1080: 1077: 1075: 1074:English Array 1072: 1070: 1067: 1065: 1062: 1060: 1057: 1055: 1052: 1050: 1047: 1045: 1042: 1041: 1039: 1035: 1031: 1024: 1019: 1017: 1012: 1010: 1005: 1004: 1001: 992: 986: 982: 978: 974: 970: 964: 961:. Blackwell. 960: 956: 952: 951: 946: 945: 940:, p. 67. 939: 934: 931: 928:, p. 65. 927: 922: 919: 916:, p. 64. 915: 910: 907: 904:, p. 61. 903: 898: 895: 892:, p. 50. 891: 886: 883: 879: 874: 871: 867: 861: 858: 855:, p. 48. 854: 849: 847: 845: 841: 838:, p. 47. 837: 832: 829: 825: 819: 816: 812: 806: 803: 799: 795: 790: 787: 783: 777: 774: 770: 764: 761: 757: 751: 748: 745:, p. 31. 744: 739: 737: 733: 728: 722: 719: 715: 710: 707: 703: 702: 695: 692: 687: 681: 677: 670: 667: 663: 657: 655: 653: 649: 644: 637: 634: 631:, p. 30. 630: 625: 623: 619: 616:, p. 29. 615: 610: 607: 603: 598: 595: 591: 585: 582: 576: 574: 572: 568: 564: 559: 557: 553: 549: 545: 541: 537: 534:in which the 533: 528: 525: 521: 517: 508: 506: 504: 503: 498: 494: 489: 487: 483: 478: 469: 467: 465: 461: 457: 456:anti-Semitism 453: 449: 445: 441: 436: 434: 430: 426: 422: 414: 412: 410: 406: 402: 398: 397:Jomo Kenyatta 394: 390: 386: 382: 378: 374: 370: 366: 361: 359: 355: 351: 347: 338: 336: 334: 329: 327: 323: 319: 315: 311: 307: 303: 299: 295: 294:Barry Domvile 289: 287: 283: 279: 275: 271: 267: 263: 255: 253: 251: 250:Oswald Mosley 247: 243: 239: 235: 231: 227: 223: 219: 215: 192: 188: 185: 182: 180: 176: 170: 167: 165: 162: 160: 157: 155: 152: 150: 147: 145: 142: 140: 137: 136: 134: 132: 128: 120: 116: 113: 110: 106: 103: 100: 96: 80: 76: 62: 58: 55: 52: 50: 46: 42: 38: 34: 29: 20: 2187: 2141:Cliveden set 2050:John Tyndall 2005:Jack Renshaw 1970:John O'Brien 1910:Colin Jordan 1905:David Irving 1870:Jeffrey Hamm 1865:Nick Griffin 1860:Paul Golding 1810:Mark Collett 1785:Andrew Brons 1740:Ian Anderson 1644:Diana Mosley 1624:Arnold Leese 1524:John Beckett 1433:London Forum 1322: 1226: 980: 958: 947:Bibliography 933: 921: 909: 897: 885: 873: 865: 860: 831: 823: 818: 810: 805: 797: 789: 781: 776: 768: 763: 755: 750: 721: 714:Thurlow 1987 709: 699: 694: 675: 669: 661: 642: 636: 609: 597: 589: 584: 560: 536:Labour Party 529: 512: 501: 490: 473: 437: 418: 409:Michael Foot 388: 373:Anthony Eden 369:Makarios III 362: 342: 330: 310:Colin Jordan 302:John Tyndall 290: 270:R. A. Butler 259: 226:ginger group 217: 213: 211: 164:Antisemitism 40:Abbreviation 2085:Paul Weston 2080:Robert West 2060:Adam Walker 2030:Kenny Smith 2000:Robert Relf 1990:Kevin Quinn 1985:Denis Pirie 1975:Roy Painter 1965:David Myatt 1920:Arthur Kemp 1830:Simon Darby 1825:Nicky Crane 1800:Eddy Butler 1795:Jack Buckby 1790:Kevin Bryan 1604:Louis Greig 1207:For Britain 1064:The Britons 938:Walker 1977 926:Walker 1977 914:Walker 1977 902:Walker 1977 890:Walker 1977 878:Walker 1977 853:Walker 1977 836:Walker 1977 743:Walker 1977 629:Walker 1977 614:Walker 1977 602:Walker 1977 588:S. Taylor, 552:Monday Club 550:and of the 493:Rodney Legg 433:Suez Crisis 2230:Categories 2020:Robert Row 1960:John Morse 1895:Tom Holmes 1845:Jim Dowson 1514:John Amery 1232:Liberty GB 1202:Flag Group 1124:Right Club 701:The Herald 577:References 444:right-wing 278:capitalism 274:Bolshevism 118:Membership 2210:Red Flare 1935:Alan Lake 1765:John Bean 1402:Combat 18 1391:BNP Youth 1323:Spearhead 1177:Column 88 346:Blackpool 306:John Bean 256:Formation 184:Far-right 78:Dissolved 2194:Redwatch 1885:Ray Hill 1094:The Link 979:(1977). 957:(1987). 826:, p. 101 794:Ray Hill 767:Taylor, 540:Rhodesia 484:and the 448:neo-Nazi 415:Policies 131:Ideology 2188:Candour 1133:Defunct 771:, p. 13 502:Candour 440:Britain 425:Britons 365:U Thant 356:of the 266:Toryism 240:led by 190:Colours 87: ( 68: ( 60:Founded 987:  965:  822:Bean, 682:  399:. The 339:Stunts 282:Jewish 203:  201:White 199:  195:  49:Leader 516:Chile 985:ISBN 963:ISBN 680:ISBN 522:, a 446:and 379:and 312:and 212:The 205:Blue 197:Red 123:est. 70:1954 63:1954 218:LEL 43:LEL 2232:: 843:^ 735:^ 651:^ 621:^ 573:. 466:. 395:, 360:. 308:, 304:, 1393:) 1389:( 1022:e 1015:t 1008:v 993:. 971:. 729:. 688:. 216:( 125:) 91:) 72:)

Index


Leader
A. K. Chesterton
Conservative Party
National Front
Ideology
British imperialism
National conservatism
Social conservatism
Anti-capitalism
Anti-communism
Antisemitism
White nationalism
Political position
Far-right
pressure group
ginger group
Commonwealth of Nations
British Empire
Conservative Party
Arthur K. Chesterton
British Union of Fascists
Oswald Mosley
Conservative Party
Toryism
R. A. Butler
Bolshevism
capitalism
Jewish
British Empire

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