61:, regulators realised that a single identification code unique to each financial institution was not available worldwide. It means that each country had different code systems to recognize the counterpart corporation of financial transactions. Accordingly, it was impossible to identify the transaction details of individual corporations, identify the counterpart of financial transactions, and calculate the total risk amount. This resulted in difficulties in estimating individual corporation's amount of risk exposure, analyzing risks across the market, and resolving the failing financial institutions. This is one of the factors that made it difficult for the early evolution of the financial crisis.
27:) is a unique global identifier for legal entities participating in financial transactions. Also known as an LEI code or LEI number, its purpose is to help identify legal entities on a globally accessible database. Legal entities are organizations such as companies or government entities that participate in financial transactions. An individual person may not obtain an LEI. The identifier is used in regulatory reporting to financial regulators and all financial companies and funds are required to have an LEI.
69:
regulators and central banks across the globe, is encouraging the expansion of the LEI. The U.S. and
European countries require corporations to use the legal entity identifier when reporting the details of transactions with over-the-counter derivatives to financial authorities. Today, authorities of 45 jurisdictions mandate the use of LEI code to identify legal entities involved in different financial transactions.
3018:
34:(ISO). It connects to key information that enables clear and unique identification of legal entities participating in financial transactions. Each LEI database entry contains information about an entity's ownership and thus answers the questions of 'who is who' and 'who owns whom'. Therefore the publicly available LEI data pool can be regarded as a global directory of non-individual participants in the
360:
The Global Legal Entity
Identifier Foundation (GLEIF) does not directly issue Legal Entity Identifiers, but instead delegates this responsibility to local operating units (LOUs). These LEI issuers supply different services. Local operating units can have different prices and LEI issuing speed for the
68:
in response to this inability of financial institutions to identify organizations uniquely, so that their financial transactions in different national jurisdictions could be fully tracked. Currently, the Legal Entity
Identifier Regulatory Oversight Committee (LEI ROC), a coalition of financial
3135:
2344:
361:
registration services they offer. The LEI can be obtained from couple of hours to days or weeks, depending on the service provider. GLEIF is responsible for monitoring LEI data quality and integrity of the LEI system.
310:
An international organization consisting twenty major countries (ninety per cent of the world's GDP) comprising seven developed countries (G7), the chair countries of the
European Union, and twelve rising nations.
329:
The decision-making organization for LEI Systems under FSB. The participating countries' financial authorities, the central bank, and the IMF are represented as members by international organizations.
272:
Even if the LEI code of an entity follows the technical ISO specification, the LEI code by itself does not provide any valuable information—it is only used to uniquely identify each legal entity.
3054:
283:
The other part of the reference data, the 'Level 2' data answers the question 'who owns whom?'. If applicable, it will allow identification of direct and ultimate parents of any legal entity.
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30:
The identifier is formatted as a 20-character, alpha-numeric code based on the ISO 17442 "Financial services — Legal entity identifier (LEI)" standard developed by the
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There are a number of LEI issuers around the world that issue and maintain the identifiers and act as primary interfaces to the global directory, these are typically
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512:
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1356:
734:
31:
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261:(LOU) that issued the LEI. Characters 5 to 18 are the unique alphanumeric string assigned to the organization by the LOU. The final two characters are
3142:
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The first LEIs were issued in
December 2012. As of 3 January 2018, LEIs are mandatory for all companies who wish to continue trading in securities.
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Renewal can be done through any accredited LOU and the code remains unchanged even when transferring between different LOUs (local operating units)
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725:
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The LEI reference data contains basic 'business card'-type information, also referred to a 'Level 1' data. It answers the question 'who is who?'.
3184:
3156:
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1948:
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Global LEI Foundation: Responsible for controlling the LOUs in each region as a practical operating organization within the LEI system.
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Annual renewal of LEI is a must for a company or organization that wants to continue to participate in regulated financial transactions
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An organization founded to enhance the stability of the global financial system and to oversee international finance.
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Local
Operating Units: As the operating organization for issuing and maintaining the LEI code in each region,
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2013:
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The validity period for LEI is one year from the date that the Legal Entity
Identifier is registered
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49:. These are accredited by the Global Legal Entity Identifier Foundation (GLEIF) to issue LEIs.
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16:
20-digit, alpha-numeric reference string to uniquely identify a legally distinct entity
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559:"The Legal Entity Identifier (LEI) Is Good News for Financial Technology Developers"
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513:"Legal Entity Identifier (LEI) ID Code for Banks and Subs Delayed Until 2012"
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662:"How to Get an LEI: Find LEI Issuing Organizations – About LEI – GLEIF"
276:
Information contained in LEI reference data (Level 1 and Level 2 data)
2784:
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1938:
1785:
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2272:
476:"Introducing the Legal Entity Identifier (LEI) – About LEI – GLEIF"
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ISO 27730: International
Standard Collection Identifier (ISCI)
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1695:
699:
250:
65:
79:
693:
257:
string, with the first four characters identifying the
64:
In response, the LEI system was developed by the 2011
2936:
2662:
1814:
763:
3136:International Standard Identifier for Libraries...
616:. Financial Conduct Authority. December 31, 2020
253: 17442. An LEI consists of a 20-character
3103:International Securities Identification Number
440:urn:lex:<jurisdiction>:<authority>
222:
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150:
86:
32:International Organization for Standardization
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8:
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82:
494:"Questions and Answers – About LEI – GLEIF"
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265:digits, calculated using MOD-97-10 as per
3143:International Standard Audiovisual Number
585:"Legal Entity Identifier Resource Center"
3150:International Standard Musical Work Code
290:
464:
249:The technical specification for LEI is
3185:International Standard Name Identifier
3157:International Standard Link Identifier
3096:International Standard Recording Code
610:"UK MiFIR – Legal Entity Identifiers"
7:
3203:Virtual International Authority File
3111:: Issuer Identification Number (IIN)
3089:International Standard Serial Number
470:
468:
3122:International Standard Music Number
511:Groenfeldt, Tom (August 24, 2011).
356:Obtaining a Legal Entity Identifier
3241:International finance institutions
3117:: Business Entity Identifier (BIC)
3082:International Standard Book Number
694:LEI Regulatory Oversight Committee
326:LEI Regulatory Oversight Committee
14:
3129:International Bank Account Number
3063:International numbering standards
292:Hierarchy of Regulatory Entities
3171:International Standard Text Code
3017:
3016:
349:are currently active worldwide.
201:British Broadcasting Corporation
636:"The Structure of the LEI Code"
446:European Legislation Identifier
393:Data Universal Numbering System
3226:Company identification numbers
1:
59:financial crisis of 2007–2008
452:European Case Law Identifier
3267:
387:Business Entity Identifier
223:
199:
175:
151:
3178:Digital Object Identifier
3075:
3068:
3012:
745:
531:"What is the LEI system?"
317:Financial Stability Board
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135:
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419:Unique Entity Identifier
334:GLEIF Board of Directors
3164:Legal Entity Identifier
287:Global Operating System
83:Structure of LEI codes
21:Legal Entity Identifier
47:financial data vendors
689:Official ISO standard
177:Jaguar Land Rover Ltd
3236:Financial regulation
259:Local Operating Unit
293:
225:Bank of Nova Scotia
153:G.E. Financing GmbH
57:At the time of the
43:financial exchanges
3251:Unique identifiers
3231:Financial metadata
739:by standard number
431:in legal context:
291:
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753:ISO romanizations
414:Request for quote
353:
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297:Regulatory Entity
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395:(D.U.N.S Number)
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36:financial market
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365:Validity of LEI
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757:IEC standards
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749:ISO standards
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565:. 21 May 2014
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28:
26:
22:
3180:System (DOI)
3163:
3109:ISO/IEC 7812
2875:27000 series
2471:
669:. Retrieved
665:
655:
643:. Retrieved
639:
630:
620:November 25,
618:. Retrieved
613:
604:
592:. Retrieved
588:
579:
567:. Retrieved
562:
538:. Retrieved
534:
525:
516:
506:
497:
488:
479:
425:
423:
359:
300:Description
282:
279:
271:
267:ISO/IEC 7064
255:alphanumeric
248:
71:
63:
56:
40:
29:
24:
20:
18:
3183:ISO 27729:
3176:ISO 26324:
3169:ISO 21047:
3162:ISO 17442:
3155:ISO 17316:
3148:ISO 15707:
3141:ISO 15706:
3134:ISO 15511:
3127:ISO 13616:
3120:ISO 10957:
2663:20000–29999
1815:10000–19999
3220:Categories
3101:ISO 6166:
3094:ISO 3901:
3087:ISO 3297:
3080:ISO 2108:
2442:16949 (TS)
2039:11941 (TR)
737:standards
671:2017-10-18
614:fca.org.uk
459:References
426:authority
389:(ISO 9362)
3070:Standards
2397:15926 WIP
1761:9592/9593
1686:9000/9001
1574:8805/8806
666:gleif.org
535:Open LEIs
498:gleif.org
480:gleif.org
436:Lex (URN)
3115:ISO 9362
3022:Category
747:List of
563:Data.gov
438:(syntax
381:See also
263:checksum
2923:29199-2
2795:23094-2
2790:23094-1
2780:23090-3
2649:19794-5
2644:19775-1
2432:16612-2
2422:16355-1
2111:13406-2
2069:12234-2
1837:10118-3
660:GLEIF.
347:37 LOUs
137:Entity-
53:History
3205:(VIAF)
3187:(ISNI)
3173:(ISTC)
3159:(ISLI)
3152:(ISWC)
3145:(ISAN)
3138:(ISIL)
3131:(IBAN)
3124:(ISMN)
3105:(ISIN)
3098:(ISRC)
3091:(ISSN)
3084:(ISBN)
2937:30000+
1776:9797-1
1584:8820-5
1529:8501-1
1085:1073-2
1080:1073-1
764:1–9999
645:26 May
594:26 May
569:26 May
540:26 May
517:Forbes
454:(ECLI)
144:Check-
3166:(LEI)
3004:80000
2999:56000
2994:55000
2989:50001
2984:45001
2979:42010
2974:40500
2969:39075
2964:38500
2959:37001
2954:32000
2949:31000
2944:30170
2928:29500
2918:29148
2914:29110
2910:28000
2905:27729
2900:27006
2895:27005
2890:27002
2885:27001
2880:27000
2870:26324
2865:26300
2860:26262
2855:26000
2850:25964
2845:25178
2840:24728
2835:24707
2830:24617
2825:24613
2820:24517
2815:23941
2810:23360
2805:23271
2800:23270
2785:23092
2775:23009
2770:23008
2765:23003
2760:23000
2755:22537
2750:22395
2745:22301
2740:22300
2735:22275
2730:22000
2725:21827
2720:21500
2715:21122
2710:21047
2705:21001
2700:21000
2695:20830
2690:20802
2685:20400
2680:20121
2675:20022
2670:20000
2654:19831
2639:19770
2634:19757
2629:19752
2624:19600
2619:19510
2614:19509
2609:19508
2604:19507
2599:19506
2594:19505
2589:19503
2584:19502
2579:19501
2574:19500
2569:19439
2564:19407
2559:19136
2554:19125
2549:19115
2544:19114
2527:19092
2522:19011
2517:19005
2512:18916
2507:18629
2502:18245
2497:18181
2492:18014
2487:18004
2482:17799
2477:17506
2472:17442
2467:17369
2462:17203
2457:17100
2452:17025
2447:17024
2437:16750
2427:16485
2417:16262
2412:16023
2407:15938
2402:15930
2392:15926
2387:15924
2382:15919
2377:15897
2372:15707
2360:15706
2355:15693
2350:15686
2345:15511
2340:15504
2335:15438
2330:15445
2313:15444
2308:15408
2303:15398
2298:15291
2293:15288
2288:15189
2283:15022
2278:14971
2273:14882
2268:14764
2263:14698
2258:14651
2253:14649
2248:14644
2243:14617
2191:14496
2186:14443
2181:14396
2176:14289
2171:14224
2166:14031
2161:14000
2156:13818
2151:13816
2146:13616
2141:13584
2136:13568
2131:13567
2126:13490
2121:13485
2116:13450
2106:13399
2101:13250
2096:13216
2079:13211
2074:12620
2064:12207
2059:12182
2054:12052
2049:12006
2044:11992
2034:11941
2024:11940
2019:11898
2014:11889
2009:11801
2004:11785
1999:11784
1994:11783
1989:11544
1984:11404
1979:11179
1974:11172
1969:11170
1964:11073
1959:10967
1954:10962
1949:10957
1944:10861
1939:10746
1934:10664
1929:10646
1924:10628
1919:10589
1914:10585
1909:10383
1877:10303
1872:10279
1867:10218
1862:10206
1857:10179
1852:10165
1847:10161
1842:10160
1832:10116
1827:10007
1822:10006
640:GLEIF
589:Sifma
448:(ELI)
409:FIRDS
1902:-238
1806:9995
1801:9985
1796:9984
1791:9945
1786:9899
1781:9897
1771:9660
1766:9594
1756:9564
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